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7. An inadequate glycaemic response to glucagon is linked to insulin resistance in preterm infants? (Original Article)

Author

Jackson, L., Burchell, A., McGeechan, A., and Hume, R.

Subjects
Insulin resistance -- Physiological aspects, Infants (Premature) -- Physiological aspects, Family and marriage, Health, Physiological aspects
Abstract

Aims: To define clinical, metabolic, and hormonal characteristics of preterm infants relative to glucagon responsiveness. Methods: Two phase study of 78 preterm infants (25-36 weeks gestation) on regular four hourly [...]

Published
2003

30. Magnesium metabolism in preterm infants: effects of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, and of postnatal and gestational age

Author

Giles, M.M., Laing, I.A., Elton, R.A., Robins, J.B., Sanderson, M., and Hume, R.

Subjects
Magnesium deficiency diseases -- Prevention, Phosphorus in the body -- Physiological aspects, Infants (Premature) -- Health aspects, Calcium in the body -- Physiological aspects, Bone diseases, Deficiency diseases -- Prevention, Health
Abstract

The requirement of calcium and phosphorus to avoid bone diseases such as rickets in infants born prematurely cannot be met by human milk or low solute formula. Formulas can be supplemented with calcium and phosphorus, but excess calcium can lead to problems with the mineralization of bone, absorption of fats, and the metabolism of other minerals, such as magnesium. Absorption and retention of magnesium were examined in two groups of premature infants who were fed a low solute formula supplemented with calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. The first group of babies were of very low birth weight, weighing less than 1,500 grams (3.3 pounds), and were less than 32 weeks of gestational age. They were fed three-day mineral balances begun at days 10, 20 30 and 40 after birth. The second group of infants were of low birth rate, at 32 to 34 weeks gestational age, and were fed a single three-day balance at day 10. The dietary intake of calcium and phosphorus was found to affect the levels of magnesium retained by the body. When the calcium or phosphorus intakes were low or when magnesium intake was high, the absorption and retention of magnesium was increased. A greater increase of magnesium absorption and retention was seen as the babies grew older. Supplementation with calcium and phosphorus reduced the absorption and retention of magnesium in babies with very low birth weights. However, supplementation with magnesium improved the absorption and retention of magnesium. The intake of magnesium did not affect the calcium balance but caused the retention of phosphorus from day 20 on, in both very low and low birth weight groups. Therefore, magnesium deficits can still occur at recommended levels of magnesium intake (10 mg/kg/day) for babies born with very low birth weight that are given supplements of calcium and phosphorus. However, if babies are given double the dosage (20 mg/kg/day), magnesium is not lost. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

33. Brothers

Author

Hume, R. A.

Published
1866

39. THE CLASS of '68

Author

Hume, R. A., Welles, T. C., and Wolcott, D. D.

Published
1868

41. Human rhinovirus induced inflammatory responses are inhibited by phosphatidylserine containing liposomes

Author

Stokes, C., Edwards, M., Mohdhe, M., Robinson, D., Prestwich, E., Hume, R., Marshall, C., Perrie, Y., O'Donnell, V., Harwood, J., Sabroe, I., and Parker, L.C.

Abstract

Human rhinovirus (HRV) infections are major contributors to the healthcare burden associated with acute exacerbations of chronic airway disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Cellular responses to HRV are mediated through pattern recognition receptors that may in part signal from membrane microdomains. We previously found Toll-like receptor signaling is reduced, by targeting membrane microdomains with a specific liposomal phosphatidylserine species, 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (SAPS). Here we explored the ability of this approach to target a clinically important pathogen. We determined the biochemical and biophysical properties and stability of SAPS liposomes and studied their ability to modulate rhinovirus-induced inflammation, measured by cytokine production, and rhinovirus replication in both immortalized and normal primary bronchial epithelial cells. SAPS liposomes rapidly partitioned throughout the plasma membrane and internal cellular membranes of epithelial cells. Uptake of liposomes did not cause cell death, but was associated with markedly reduced inflammatory responses to rhinovirus, at the expense of only modest non-significant increases in viral replication, and without impairment of interferon receptor signaling. Thus using liposomes of phosphatidylserine to target membrane microdomains is a feasible mechanism for modulating rhinovirus-induced signaling, and potentially a prototypic new therapy for viral-mediated inflammation.

Published
2016

44. Ontogeny of iodothyronine deiodinases in human liver

Author

Richard, K, Hume, R, Kaptein, E, Sanders, JP (Jo), van Toor, Hans, de Herder, W.W., Hollander, Jan, Krenning, Eric, Visser, Theo, Internal Medicine, Pathology, and Radiology & Nuclear Medicine

Subjects
Endocrinology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, Biochemistry
Published
1998

50. Maternal and umbilical cord levels of T4, FT4, TSH, TPOAb, and TgAb in term infants and neurodevelopmental outcome at 5.5 years

Author

Williams, F. (Fiona), Watson, J. (Jennifer), Ogston, A., Visser, T.J. (Theo), Hume, R. (Robert), Willatts, P. (Peter), Williams, F. (Fiona), Watson, J. (Jennifer), Ogston, A., Visser, T.J. (Theo), Hume, R. (Robert), and Willatts, P. (Peter)

Abstract

Context: Relatively little is known in euthyroid populations about the changes in maternal thyroid hormones during pregnancy, the nature of the relationship to cord thyroid hormone levels, and subsequent infant neurodevelopment. Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe the relationship between maternal and cord thyroid hormone parameters and to describe their associations with neurodevelopment at 5.5 years. Design: We conducted a follow-up of women and their children born at or over 37 weeks' gestation. Main Outcomes: We measured maternal levels of TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), T4, and free T 4 (FT4) at 10 and 34 weeks and at delivery, and cord levels of T4, FT4, TPOAb, and TgAb. The association of cord thyroid hormone parameters with McCarthy scale scores adjusted for the major confounders of neurodevelopment. Results: Fifteen percent of the women were TPOAb-positive, and 12% were TgAb-positive; the proportion of women with mildly elevated TSH levels increased during pregnancy with the maximum (14%) at delivery. Lower perceptual performance and motor scores were found with TgAb-positive women and lower perceptual performance scores with TgAb-positive cord levels; otherwise, unadjusted maternal levels of TPOAb, TgAb, and TSH and unadjusted cord levels of FT4, TPOAb, and TgAb were not associated with neurodevelopment at 5.5 years. Lowcord T4 levels were associated with significant increments in four McCarthy scales: General Cognitive Index, Verbal, Quantitative, and Memory scales-increments that persisted after adjustment at 11.4, 7.8, 7.6, and 7.8 points, respectively. Conclusions: Lower levels of cord T4 were associated with increments in the McCarthy scales in the domains that tested cognitive and verbal abilities at 5.5 years. Copyright

Published
2013
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