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One of the regulatory mechanisms influencing the functional capacity of genes is alternative splicing (AS). Previous studies exploring the splicing landscape of human tissues have shown that AS has contributed to human biology, especially in disease progression and the immune response. Nonetheless, this phenomenon remains poorly characterized across human populations, and it is unclear how genetic and environmental variation contribute to AS. Here, we examine a set of 115 Indonesian samples from three traditional island populations spanning the genetic ancestry cline that characterizes Island Southeast Asia. We conduct a global AS analysis between islands to ascertain the degree of functionally significant AS events and their consequences. Using an event-based statistical model, we detected over 1,500 significant differential AS events across all comparisons. Additionally, we identify over 6,000 genetic variants associated with changes in splicing (splicing quantitative trait loci [sQTLs]), some of which are driven by Papuan-like genetic ancestry, and only show partial overlap with other publicly available sQTL datasets derived from other populations. Computational predictions of RNA binding activity reveal that a fraction of these sQTLs directly modulate the binding propensity of proteins involved in the splicing regulation of immune genes. Overall, these results contribute toward elucidating the role of genetic variation in shaping gene regulation in one of the most diverse regions in the world. We have carried out a global splicing analysis across 115 Indonesian samples spanning the genetic ancestry cline that characterizes the region. We identify over 6,000 sQTLs, some of which are driven by Papuan-like genetic ancestry and only show partial overlap with sQTL datasets derived from European populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study is to use parametric human modeling and machine learning methods to identify representative occupants that can account for injury variations among a more diverse population with a limited simulation budget. Method: A maximal projection method was used to sample 100 occupants, considering the variations in stature, weight, and sitting height. An automated mesh morphing method was used to morph the THUMS v4.1 midsize male model into the target geometries. US-NCAP frontal crash simulations were conducted with morphed human models and validated vehicle/restraint models. Surrogate models based on the Gaussian Process (GP) method were trained to find inducing points (IP), here defined as a small number of representative occupants whose outcomes could be used to accurately estimate the variations in the injury risks and patterns throughout the population. Statistical analysis was conducted to validate the IPs' coverage of total variation by illustrating the IP distribution. Restraint optimization was performed at IPs to yield an enhanced restraint system. The method was validated through comparisons among the predicted injury risks under the optimal and baseline designs. Results: Only 20 IPs were needed to sufficient to properly represent the variations in the injury risks and patterns in the whole population with acceptable accuracy. Compared to the surrogate model built from 100 crash simulations, the IP-based surrogate models incurred only 0.4% and 1.8% errors in head injury risks for males and females, respectively. Regarding the injury risks on the chest and lower extremities, the IP-based surrogate models resulted in less than 0.1% and 0.5% errors for males and females, respectively. The FE simulations indicated that the optimal restraint system design reduced the injury risk by relatively 16% and 13% for male and female respectively when delta-V = 25 (mph), and 47% and 27% for male and female when delta-V = 35 (mph). Significance of results: The study proposed a method to generate more accurate injury risk predictions for a more diverse population under a limited simulation budget. Simulations using IPs may enable restraint system optimization to be conducted more efficiently while reducing injury risks across a more diverse population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This PRISMA scoping review identifies the emerging evidence on the relationship between the philosophy of ubuntu and the principles of inclusive education. The searches in this scoping review were conducted in AERD, Scopus, BASE EBSCO Host and Google Scholar to find the relationship between the philosophy of ubuntu as an African traditional knowledge system and the principles of inclusive education. Seven of the studies were included from a total of 134 articles published in Africa from January 2021 to December 2022 in English. Articles were excluded from review if they were published outside Africa, not in English, and from the period before January 2021. Data were thematically analysed following the thematic approach by Braun and Clarke (2021). Results organised by themes indicate that there is a very strong relationship between the philosophy of ubuntu and the principles of inclusive education. The thematic data analysis in this study indicated that both the philosophy of ubuntu and the principles of inclusive education are based on 1) equality, 2) unconditional acceptance, 3) enabling learning environment, and 4) respect for human diversity. The implication of this study is the recognition and adoption of the philosophy of ubuntu at inclusive education systems in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Studies of human sexual dimorphism and gender disparities in health focus on ostensibly universal molecular sex differences, such as sex chromosomes and circulating hormone levels, while ignoring the extraordinary diversity in biology, behavior, and culture acquired by different human populations over their unique evolutionary histories. Materials and Methods: Using RNA‐Seq data and whole genome sequences from 1000G and HGDP, we investigate variation in sex‐biased gene expression across 11 human populations and test whether population‐level variation in sex‐biased expression may have resulted from adaptive evolution in regions containing sex‐specific regulatory variants. Results: We find that sex‐biased gene expression in humans is highly variable, mostly population‐specific, and demonstrates between population reversals. Expression quantitative trait locus mapping reveals sex‐specific regulatory regions with evidence of recent positive natural selection, suggesting that variation in sex‐biased expression may have evolved as an adaptive response to ancestral environments experienced by human populations. Discussion: These results indicate that sex‐biased gene expression is more flexible than previously thought and is not generally shared among human populations. Instead, molecular phenotypes associated with sex depend on complex interactions between population‐specific molecular evolution and physiological responses to contemporary socioecologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This PRISMA scoping review identifies the emerging evidence on the relationship between the philosophy of ubuntu and the principles of inclusive education. The searches in this scoping review were conducted in AERD, Scopus, BASE EBSCO Host and Google Scholar to find the relationship between the philosophy of ubuntu as an African traditional knowledge system and the principles of inclusive education. Seven of the studies were included from a total of 134 articles published in Africa from January 2021 to December 2022 in English. Articles were excluded from review if they were published outside Africa, not in English, and from the period before January 2021. Data were thematically analysed following the thematic approach by Braun and Clarke (2021). Results organised by themes indicate that there is a very strong relationship between the philosophy of ubuntu and the principles of inclusive education. The thematic data analysis in this study indicated that both the philosophy of ubuntu and the principles of inclusive education are based on 1) equality, 2) unconditional acceptance, 3) enabling learning environment, and 4) respect for human diversity. The implication of this study is the recognition and adoption of the philosophy of ubuntu at inclusive education systems in Africa.

Modern humans originated in Africa 300,000 yr ago, and before leaving their continent of origin, they underwent a process of intense diversification involving complex demographic dynamics. Upon exiting Africa, different populations emerged on the four other inhabited continents, shaped by the interplay of various evolutionary processes, such as migrations, founder effects, and natural selection. Within each region, continental populations, in turn, diversified and evolved almost independently for millennia. As a backdrop to this diversification, introgressions from archaic species contributed to establishing different patterns of genetic diversity in different geographic regions, reshaping our understanding of our species' variability. With the increasing availability of genomic data, it has become possible to delineate the subcontinental human population structure precisely. However, the bias toward the genomic research focused on populations from the global North has limited our understanding of the real diversity of our species and the processes and events that guided different human groups throughout their evolutionary history. This perspective is part of a series of articles celebrating 40 yr since our journal, Molecular Biology and Evolution , was founded (Russo et al. 2024). The perspective is accompanied by virtual issues, a selection of papers on human diversification published by Genome Biology and Evolution and Molecular Biology and Evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language is a universal human ability, acquired readily by young children, who otherwise struggle with many basics of survival. And yet, language ability is variable across individuals. Naturalistic and experimental observations suggest that children's linguistic skills vary with factors like socioeconomic status and children's gender. But which factors really influence children's day-to-day language use? Here, we leverage speech technology in a big-data approach to report on a unique cross-cultural and diverse data set: >2,500 d-long, child-centered audio-recordings of 1,001 2- to 48-mo-olds from 12 countries spanning six continents across urban, farmer-forager, and subsistence-farming contexts. As expected, age and language-relevant clinical risks and diagnoses predicted how much speech (and speech-like vocalization) children produced. Critically, so too did adult talk in children's environments: Children who heard more talk from adults produced more speech. In contrast to previous conclusions based on more limited sampling methods and a different set of language proxies, socioeconomic status (operationalized as maternal education) was not significantly associated with children's productions over the first 4 y of life, and neither were gender or multilingualism. These findings from large-scale naturalistic data advance our understanding of which factors are robust predictors of variability in the speech behaviors of young learners in a wide range of everyday contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since Spring 2021, I have been on the Editorial Board for Personal Relationships as an International Section Peer Mentor. In the International Section, I work to diversify relationship science with a team of relationship scientists. In this role, I have learned more about diversity, and in turn, I have become inspired to reflect on other strategies I could partake in to assist in further diversifying relationship science. I aim to share those insights in this commentary through recommendations for relationship scientists. In addition to sharing these recommendations, I describe my positionality in a positionality statement, and I provide background on what diversity means to me and my current expertise in the subject matter. There are several recommendations in this commentary, and they involve all steps of the research process. I encourage relationship scientists to educate themselves, to consider the various diversities when developing their research questions, to initiate collaborations with and learn from other research teams whenever possible, to ensure that they are not unintentionally excluding underrepresented groups, to reflect on how they report participant demographic data, and to consider drafting their own positionality statements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with molecular phenotypes is a powerful approach for identifying the genes and molecular mechanisms underlying human traits and diseases, though most studies have focused on individuals of European descent. While important progress has been made to study a greater diversity of human populations, many groups remain unstudied, particularly among indigenous populations within Africa. To better understand the genetics of gene regulation in East Africans, we perform expression and splicing QTL mapping in whole blood from a cohort of 162 diverse Africans from Ethiopia and Tanzania. We assess replication of these QTLs in cohorts of predominantly European ancestry and identify candidate genes under selection in human populations. Results We find the gene regulatory architecture of African and non-African populations is broadly shared, though there is a considerable amount of variation at individual loci across populations. Comparing our analyses to an equivalently sized cohort of European Americans, we find that QTL mapping in Africans improves the detection of expression QTLs and fine-mapping of causal variation. Integrating our QTL scans with signatures of natural selection, we find several genes related to immunity and metabolism that are highly differentiated between Africans and non-Africans, as well as a gene associated with pigmentation. Conclusion Extending QTL mapping studies beyond European ancestry, particularly to diverse indigenous populations, is vital for a complete understanding of the genetic architecture of human traits and can reveal novel functional variation underlying human traits and disease.

Each design has the possibility either to imply or eliminate users. Universal Design (UD) asserts to grasp the user variety in ages, abilities, types, needs, and aspirations. Furthermore, it aspires to create a universally designed learning environment that allows all users of educational facilities to learn and participate. UD is a holistic approach, not a separate course that could be learned at the colleges of Architecture and Design. Thus, architects, interior, industrial, and landscape designers have a great responsibility to provide usable, readable, accessible, and inclusive products and environments for all species of users. Hence, the significance of the UD approach and its application within the architectural education in architecture colleges, as the application of this approach imparts the creation of new architectural generations that fulfill everyone's needs and provide environments and products that accommodate everyone.The chief purpose of this research is to point out the prominence of the UD approach in Architectural Education. The interviews which were carried out by the students of the Architecture Department from Aswan University have targeted to understand the extent of students' awareness of the term of UD, principles, and its concept. The study sample was 45 students from diverse classes through the academic year 2019-2020. The interviews were done one student by one to achieve the study goals. The study outcomes pointed at that there has no sufficient integration and combination of UD in design education due to two main reasons. First, there have no separate courses that clarify the concept of UD in the curriculum of the Architecture Department of Aswan University. The second reason, the popularity of the participants who have no more ideas about the UD concept and its principles. Thus, there is a necessity to imply the UD approach in the design process in Architecture schools. Additionally, an increased need of providing products and environments which are designed and built concerning all persons.

While the existence of human cognitive and behavioral diversity is now widely recognized, it is not yet well established how to explain this diversity. In particular, it is still unclear how to determine whether any given instance of human cognitive and behavioral diversity is due to a common psychology that is merely "triggered" differently in different bio-cultural environments, or whether it is due to deeply and fundamentally different psychologies. This paper suggests that, to answer this question, we need to employ subtle theoretical considerations of theory choice—especially the consideration of the complexity-weighted differential predictive successes of the two accounts. To make this clearer, the paper develops a novel analysis of the observed differences in human sharing dispositions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay engages critically with Adrian Pabst's 'Liberal World Order and Its Critics', Christian Reus-Smit's 'On Cultural Diversity', and Hal Brands' and Charles Edel's 'The Lessons of Tragedy'. What holds these three (very different) books together is that they revolve around the theme of 'the crisis of liberal world order'. In this essay, I do not wish to dispute the claim that the liberal world order is in crisis – indeed, I accept this common starting-off point of the four authors as a fact. What distinguishes my take on the 'crisis of liberal world' order from the books under review, however, is that I develop an alternative angle on the very idea of 'crisis': By understanding crisis as an incitement to judgement, deliberation and, ultimately, political action, I excavate the constructive potential of crisis; and, through the critical engagement with the three books under review, I seek to lay bare the intimate bond that connects 'crisis', 'human diversity', and 'tragedy', and to revive the constructive potential of these themes as 'opportunities not to be wasted'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropological reports have long suggested that speaking to young children is very infrequent in certain populations (notably farming ones), which is in line with scattered quantitative studies. A systematic review was undertaken to use available literature in order to estimate the extent of population variation. Database searches, expert lists, and citation searches led to the discovery of 29 reports on the frequency of vocalizations directed to infants aged 24 months or younger, based on systematic observations of spontaneous activity in the infant's natural environment lasting at least 30 min in length. Together, these studies provide evidence on 1314 infants growing up in a range of communities (urban, foraging, farming). For populations located outside of North America, the frequency with which vocalization was directed to urban infants was much higher than that for rural infants (including both foraging and farming, medians = 12.6 vs. 3.6% of observations contained infant‐directed vocalization behaviors). We benchmarked this effect against socio‐economic status (SES) variation in the United States, which was much smaller. Infants in high SES American homes were spoken to only slightly more frequently than those in low SES homes (medians = 16.4 vs. 15.1% of observations contained infant‐directed vocalization behaviors). Although published research represents a biased sample of the world's populations, these results invite further cross‐population research to understand the causes and effects of such considerable population group differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Questions about human behavior and diversity have captured the attention of scientists from a wide range of philosophical stances for centuries. While behavior analysts would argue that natural science is an enlightening perspective when applied to the understanding of human behavior, at times visceral arguments within anti-ABA campaigns are reminiscent of discrimination practices experienced by immigrant communities in Britain after World War Two. In this paper we discuss the root cause of this discrimination and suggest a way forward based on what are basically complementary views on the goals enshrined in evidence-based practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our aim was to evaluate by enamel microstructure analysis two hypotheses that would explain the early dental eruption in the Bakaparticularity, a shorter crown formation time and/or earlier onset of crown formation. Deciduous canines corresponds to the best teeth to perform the analysis of enamel microstructure. Longitudinal ground sections of 21 deciduous canines from 12 individuals were studied with transmitted light microscopy. Cross-striations, striaes of Retzius (SR) and the neonatal line (NNL) enable to establish the prenatal crown formation time (preCFT), the postnatal crown formation time (postCFT), the crown formation time (CFT) as well as the daily secretion rate (DSR) and the enamel extension rate (EER) and their variation along crown formation. The DSR and the EER in the Baka are similar than in other populations with an average DSR of 3.26 µm and EER of 18.18 µm. The preCFT was 154 days, the postCFT 265 days and CFT 419 days. Comparison with other population does not show difference in CFT. However, the preCFT and the postCFT differ, the first is higher and the second lower in the Baka than in other populations. Furthermore, the number of prenatal areas of enamel was greater in the Baka. Our analysis suggests that the Baka does not distinguish by a different CFT but the onset of crown formation is earlier than in other groups. Therefore, the early dental eruption in the Baka results from an earlier onset of crown formation. • The Baka pygmies show precocity of tooth emergence. • Enamel microstructure reveals tooth development in a hunter-gatherer population. • A high proportion of the crown is formed before birth. • Precocity in emergence is due to the early onset of enamel formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Social inclusion aims to achieve an inclusive society that entails respect for human diversity and upholds principles of equality and equity, allowing all groups to take part in the society. Universal Design (UD) promotes inclusiveness by supporting access for all and easy use of the built environment, thus eliminating any form of exclusion and discrimination. This study examines the UD application in Aswan’s administrative buildings. The study relied on the descriptive, analytical, and inductive approach, through the identification of deficiencies in the selected administrative buildings’ design, and the clarification of development strategies to make these buildings for all. The case study method has two processes (approaches) in evaluating the case study buildings; the first was by the researchers according to UD requirements using the study’s checklist; the second was by users according to UD principles using interviews and task sheets. This research aims at emphasizing the positive effects of UD application on the selected buildings. In addition, it also aims at determining the compatibility of those buildings with the UD concept. The study result showed that the case study buildings are not compatible considerably with the requirements of the UD and its principles. The research concluded that architects should consider UD requirements and principles when designing administrative buildings and when rehabilitating and developing the existing ones. Thus, the study’s outputs could be used as a guidance tool by architects and construction managers in introducing universally designed buildings to all users.

Researchers of psychological sciences are urged to adequately address cultural diversity within their research. In this paper, we discuss limitations to current ways cultural considerations are discussed in psychological research and offer evidence-informed recommendations for cultural responsiveness at each stage of the research process. Implications for decentering psychological research are discussed for researcher preparedness, project development, methodology, and drawing conclusions. These recommendations target researchers in the United States, but principles may be applied to other nations.

Copyright of Journal of Faculty of Educational Sciences is the property of Ankara University, Faculty of Educational Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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‘The apportionment of human diversity’ (1972) is the most highly cited research article published by geneticist Richard Lewontin in his career. This study's primary result—that most genetic diversity in humans can be accounted for by within-population differences, not between-population differences—along with Lewontin's outspoken, politically charged interpretations thereof, has become foundational to the scientific and cultural discourse pertaining to human genetic variation. The article has an unusual bibliometric trajectory in that it is much more salient in the bibliographic record today compared to the first 20 years after its publication. Here, we highlight four factors that may have played a role in shaping the paper's fame: (i) citations in influential publications across several disciplines; (ii) Lewontin's own popular books and media appearances; (iii) the renaissance of population genetics research of the early 1990s; and (iv) the serendipitous collision of scientific progress, influential books and papers, and heated controversies around the year 1994. We conclude with an analysis of Twitter data to characterize the communities and conversations that continue to keep this study at the centre of discussions about race and genetics, prompting new challenges for scientists who have inherited Lewontin's legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social justice is undeniably a significant pillar of democratic government, and it's pertinent to measure the post-apartheid achievements of South African democratic governments. This study explores the efforts to make education available to all learners at universities of their choice to eradicate ostracism and exclusionary practices that had permeated the apartheid era. Critical Race Theory is used as a theoretical framework to underpin this discourse analysis, while the study adopted the review method. The researchers argue that inequalities exist between rural and urban universities, as well as between rural and urban learners. The study affirms that learners from rural areas experience inadequate access to education and lack opportunities to attend better-resourced urban universities. This paper views social justice in a democratic system as equal access to social benefits and resources among citizens. Hence, the limitations of rural learners to rural universities and inadequate resourcing of rural universities negate social justice. In accordance with the realities of social justice, the education system should be accessible to all learners of the same quality at any university of their choice and equity of learning resources should be enhanced at learners' residences regardless of their human diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human diversity is one of the main pitfalls in the development of robust worldwide biomarkers in oncology. Epigenetic variability across human populations is associated with different genetic backgrounds, as well as variable lifestyles and environmental exposures, each of which should be investigated. To identify potential non‐invasive biomarkers of sporadic breast cancer in the Uruguayan population, we studied genome‐wide DNA methylation using Illumina methylation arrays in leukocytes of 22 women with sporadic breast cancer and 10 healthy women in a case–control study. We described a panel of 38 differentially methylated CpG positions that was able to cluster breast cancer patients (BCP) and controls, and that also recapitulated methylation differences in 12 primary breast tumors and their matched normal breast tissue. Moving forward, we simplified the detection method to improve its applicability in a clinical setting and used an independent well‐characterized cohort of 80 leukocyte DNA samples from BCP and 80 healthy controls to validate methylation results at specific cancer‐related genes. Our investigations identified methylation at CYFIP1 as a novel epigenetic biomarker candidate for sporadic breast cancer in the Uruguayan population. These results provide a proof‐of‐concept for the design of larger studies aimed at validating biomarker panels for the Latin American population.

This study provides a perspective on how Roy Harris's work especially integrationism can be used beyond linguistics and communication studies toward fields of studies such as social and public policies and related fields. This study proposes that integrationism should also address issues related to the fields of global studies, sustainable development, and other related fields. It argues that the influence of integrationism on linguistics and communication analysis should be expanded to social and public policies to foster epistemic equity, diversity, and other intercultural values across academic disciplines and professional practices across the world. We address the question: How can integrationism promote artistic creativity, human diversity, and sustainable development for all in the age of globalization? In conclusion, we argue that applying an integrationism approach in social and public policies may promote what I am calling existential justice, existential literacy, and sustainable transformational interculturality. Hence, scholars, students, and professionals in different disciplines and careers may enjoy human, cultural, and epistemic diversity in all its creativity as they acquire competence in existential justice, existential literacy, and sustainable transformational interculturality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper utilizes an ecological level of analysis framework to review and critique the literature surrounding predictors, correlates, and antecedents of Latinos' intimate partner violence (IPV) behaviors. More specifically, the ecological levels of analysis framework was employed to demonstrate how Latino males' IPV perpetration is being understood and studied. A total of n = 34 peer-reviewed articles were reviewed and critiqued. Findings indicated that most IPV research is being conducted at and comprehended from the individual (n = 33; 97%) and microsystem/small group (n = 24; 71%) levels of analysis, while linkages to organizational, locality, and institutional levels of analysis are largely neglected. Researchers and interventionists appear to view Latinos' IPV behaviors through deficit models, employ decontextualized and homogenized representations of the population, and neglect higher ecological levels of analysis. These three shortcomings in IPV research as it pertains to Latino populations must be addressed in future research studies if investigators desire to end the stigmatization and demonization of Latinos as a cultural and people group, and to maximize battering intervention effectiveness and efficiency for men of Latino origin., (© 2024 The Author(s). American Journal of Community Psychology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Community Research and Action.)

Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

The contemporary world is a harsh environment for many languages and cultures. Globalisation is one of the powerful forces that are increasing the pressure on some languages to become extinct. The questions that, therefore, arise for Bible translation include: Does it still make sense to translate the Bible into languages that are being threatened by extinction? Are there perhaps certain indicators that should be present for the translation of the Bible into endangered languages to make sense and to possibly also contribute towards the revival of languages that are being threatened by extinction? The discussion of these and related questions is not new but has to continue because the issues can be viewed from a variety of angles. This article is offered as a biblical theological exploration of the issues. It is, therefore, also a biblical theological motivation for Bible translation into endangered languages. The article argues that the existence of a growing church that is committed to the use of the Bible in a particular translation should be viewed as one of the critical indicators when assessing the merits of such translation projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The monopolistic tendency of modern science in asserting itself as the exclusive interpreter of the human psyche or mind through its psychology does so while negating the most crucial dimension that makes it a complete psychology, the metaphysical order as is found across the world in all times and places. The reductionistic turn of modern Western psychology away from its metaphysical roots has deformed the original "science of the soul" rendering it null and void. That spirituality and metaphysics have been marginalized and deemed irrelevant in modern science was assumed to be the logical course of progress. Ironically, however, their fundamental absence is the reason contemporary psychology is in disarray. Numerous individuals may see this as preposterous and think that to suggest this is to turn back the clock to the dark ages of knowledge. However, if psychology is returned to its origin in metaphysics, sacred science, and spiritual principles, it can again become worthy of being called a "science of the soul." This interview with Islamic philosopher, Seyyed Hossein Nasr, on the discipline of psychology explores the original meaning of the "science of the soul" as it is understood across the diverse cultures of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) has created algorithmic-driven humanitarianism without ethics, justice, and morality. Current AI dynamics do not protect humanity and mitigate its sufferings in refugee status determination procedures and immigration decisions, raising a host of data privacy and confidentiality issues. Data from refugees, asylum–seekers and migrants and the stateless might be deployed and manipulated for geostrategic, geopolitical, geo-engineering, medico-research, socio-economic, and demographical purposes by international organisations and governments. AI lacks anthropogenic sensitivity, critical thinking, and human traits of subjectivity and objectivity. The author ruminates on these issues by examining the application of AI and assessing its impact on the global human rights norms. The author adopts a human rights-based approach while espousing the reprogramming of algorithmic humanitarianism within new AI technologies for sustainable artificial intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Despite the tremendous growth of the DNA sequencing data in the last decade, our understanding of the human genome is still in its infancy. To understand the implications of genetic variants in the light of population genetics and molecular evolution, we developed a database, PGG.SNV (https://www.pggsnv.org), which gives much higher weight to previously under-investigated indigenous populations in Asia. PGG.SNV archives 265 million SNVs across 220,147 present-day genomes and 1018 ancient genomes, including 1009 newly sequenced genomes, representing 977 global populations. Moreover, estimation of population genetic diversity and evolutionary parameters is available in PGG.SNV, a unique feature compared with other databases.

Regional variation in pelvic morphology and childbirth has long occurred alongside traditional labour support and an understanding of possible normal courses of childbirth for each population. The process of migration and globalization has broken down these links, while a European model of 'normal' labour has become widespread. The description of 'normal' childbirth provided within obstetrics and midwifery textbooks, in fact, is modelled on a specific pelvic morphology that is common in European women. There is mounting evidence, however, that this model is not representative of women's diversity, especially for women of non-white ethnicities. The human birth canal is very variable in shape, both within and among human populations, and differences in pelvic shapes have been associated with differences in the mechanism of labour. Normalizing a white-centred model of female anatomy and of childbirth can disadvantage women of non-European ancestry. Because they are less likely to fit within this model, pelvic shape and labour pattern in non-white women are more likely to be considered 'abnormal', potentially leading to increased rates of labour intervention. To ensure that maternal care is inclusive and as safe as possible for all women, obstetric and midwifery training need to incorporate women's diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary world is a harsh environment for many languages and cultures. Globalisation is one of the powerful forces that are increasing the pressure on some languages to become extinct. The questions that, therefore, arise for Bible translation include: Does it still make sense to translate the Bible into languages that are being threatened by extinction? Are there perhaps certain indicators that should be present for the translation of the Bible into endangered languages to make sense and to possibly also contribute towards the revival of languages that are being threatened by extinction? The discussion of these and related questions is not new but has to continue because the issues can be viewed from a variety of angles. This article is offered as a biblical theological exploration of the issues. It is, therefore, also a biblical theological motivation for Bible translation into endangered languages. The article argues that the existence of a growing church that is committed to the use of the Bible in a particular translation should be viewed as one of the critical indicators when assessing the merits of such translation projects. Contribution: The primary contribution of this article is that it approaches the issues pertaining to language endangerment from a biblical theological angle; and demonstrates that the issues regarding language endangerment are connected to the core of the Bible’s message. Language endangerment is one of the results of Adam’s fall into sin. God’s redemptive work will end language endangerment when God’s gracious work of saving creation and fallen humanity is consummated at Christ’s return.

This integrative literature review aims to fill the gap in our understanding of the cultural and gendered predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration by Asian American men. A comprehensive search using PsycINFO returned N = 24 peer‐reviewed journal articles that examine Asian American men's IPV perpetration and patriarchal gender role norms and that met inclusion criteria. Patriarchal gender role norms consistently predicted IPV perpetration. However, the associations between acculturation/enculturation and IPV perpetration were less clear. Greater enculturation (Asian cultural identification) was associated with more patriarchal gender role norms while greater acculturation (mainstream US cultural identification) was associated with more masculine gender role strain. Additionally, violence in the family of origin consistently predicted later IPV perpetration as an adult. Results suggest that integrating multiple dimensions of human diversity (e.g., culture, gender, and power) in intersectional models may best explain Asian American men's IPV perpetration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human diversity is one of the main pitfalls in the development of robust worldwide biomarkers in oncology. Epigenetic variability across human populations is associated with different genetic backgrounds, as well as variable lifestyles and environmental exposures, each of which should be investigated. To identify potential non‐invasive biomarkers of sporadic breast cancer in the Uruguayan population, we studied genome‐wide DNA methylation using Illumina methylation arrays in leukocytes of 22 women with sporadic breast cancer and 10 healthy women in a case–control study. We described a panel of 38 differentially methylated CpG positions that was able to cluster breast cancer patients (BCP) and controls, and that also recapitulated methylation differences in 12 primary breast tumors and their matched normal breast tissue. Moving forward, we simplified the detection method to improve its applicability in a clinical setting and used an independent well‐characterized cohort of 80 leukocyte DNA samples from BCP and 80 healthy controls to validate methylation results at specific cancer‐related genes. Our investigations identified methylation at CYFIP1 as a novel epigenetic biomarker candidate for sporadic breast cancer in the Uruguayan population. These results provide a proof‐of‐concept for the design of larger studies aimed at validating biomarker panels for the Latin American population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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