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3. The activity and functions of soil microbial communities in the Finnish sub-Arctic vary across vegetation types

Author

Viitamäki, S. (Sirja), Pessi, I. S. (Igor S.), Virkkala, A.-M. (Anna-Maria), Niittynen, P. (Pekka), Kemppinen, J. (Julia), Eronen-Rasimus, E. (Eeva), Luoto, M. (Miska), Hultman, J. (Jenni), Viitamäki, S. (Sirja), Pessi, I. S. (Igor S.), Virkkala, A.-M. (Anna-Maria), Niittynen, P. (Pekka), Kemppinen, J. (Julia), Eronen-Rasimus, E. (Eeva), Luoto, M. (Miska), and Hultman, J. (Jenni)

Abstract

Due to climate change, increased microbial activity in high-latitude soils may lead to higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, microbial GHG production and consumption mechanisms in tundra soils are not thoroughly understood. To investigate how the diversity and functional potential of bacterial and archaeal communities vary across vegetation types and soil layers, we analyzed 116 soil metatranscriptomes from 73 sites in the Finnish sub-Arctic. Meadow soils were characterized by higher pH and lower soil organic matter (SOM) and carbon/nitrogen ratio. By contrast, dwarf shrub-dominated ecosystems had higher SOM and lower pH. Although Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria and Planctomycetes were dominant in all communities, there were significant differences at the genus level between vegetation types; plant polymer-degrading groups were more active in shrub-dominated soils than in meadows. Given that climate-change scenarios predict the expansion of shrubs at high latitudes, our results indicate that tundra soil microbial communities harbor potential decomposers of increased plant litter, which may affect the rate of carbon turnover in tundra soils. Additionally, transcripts of methanotrophs were detected in the mineral layer of all soils, which may moderate methane fluxes. This study provides new insights into possible shifts in tundra microbial diversity and activity due to climate change.

Published
2022

4. Sea-Ice Bacteria Halomonas sp. Strain 363 and Paracoccus sp. Strain 392 Produce Multiple Types of Poly-3-Hydroxyalkaonoic Acid (PHA) Storage Polymers at Low Temperature

Author

Eronen-Rasimus, E., primary, Hultman, J., additional, Hai, T., additional, Pessi, I. S., additional, Collins, E., additional, Wright, S., additional, Laine, P., additional, Viitamäki, S., additional, Lyra, C., additional, Thomas, D. N., additional, Golyshin, P. N., additional, Luhtanen, A.-M., additional, Kuosa, H., additional, and Kaartokallio, H., additional

Published
2021
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16. Ten essentials for action-oriented and second order energy transitions, transformations and climate change research

Author

Fazey, I. (Ioan), Schäpke, N. (Niko), Caniglia, G. (Guido), Patterson, J. (James), Hultman, J. (Johan), Van Mierlo, B. (Barbara), Säwe, F. (Filippa), Wiek, A. (Arnim), Wittmayer, J.M. (Julia), Aldunce, P. (Paulina), Al Waer, H. (Husam), Battacharya, N. (Nandini), Bradbury, H. (Hilary), Carmen, E. (Esther), Colvin, J. (John), Cvitanovic, C. (Christopher), D'Souza, M. (Marcella), Gopel, M. (Maja), Goldstein, B. (Bruce), Hämäläinen, T. (Timo), Harper, G. (Gavin), Henfry, T. (Tom), Hodgson, A. (Anthony), Howden, M.S. (Mark S.), Kerr, A. (Andy), Klaes, M. (Matthias), Lyon, C. (Christopher), Midgley, G. (Gerald), Moser, S. (Susanne), Mukherjee, N. (Nandan), Müller, K. (Karl), O'Brien, K. (Karen), O'Connell, D.A. (Deborah A.), Olsson, P. (Per), Page, G. (Glenn), Reed, M.S. (Mark S.), Searle, B. (Beverley), Silvestri, G. (Giorgia), Spaiser, V. (Viktoria), Strasser, T. (Tim), Tschakert, P. (Petra), Uribe-Calvo, N. (Natalia), Waddell, S. (Steve), Rao-Williams, J. (Jennifer), Wise, R. (Russell), Wolstenholme, R. (Ruth), Woods, M. (Mel), Wyborn, C. (Carina), Fazey, I. (Ioan), Schäpke, N. (Niko), Caniglia, G. (Guido), Patterson, J. (James), Hultman, J. (Johan), Van Mierlo, B. (Barbara), Säwe, F. (Filippa), Wiek, A. (Arnim), Wittmayer, J.M. (Julia), Aldunce, P. (Paulina), Al Waer, H. (Husam), Battacharya, N. (Nandini), Bradbury, H. (Hilary), Carmen, E. (Esther), Colvin, J. (John), Cvitanovic, C. (Christopher), D'Souza, M. (Marcella), Gopel, M. (Maja), Goldstein, B. (Bruce), Hämäläinen, T. (Timo), Harper, G. (Gavin), Henfry, T. (Tom), Hodgson, A. (Anthony), Howden, M.S. (Mark S.), Kerr, A. (Andy), Klaes, M. (Matthias), Lyon, C. (Christopher), Midgley, G. (Gerald), Moser, S. (Susanne), Mukherjee, N. (Nandan), Müller, K. (Karl), O'Brien, K. (Karen), O'Connell, D.A. (Deborah A.), Olsson, P. (Per), Page, G. (Glenn), Reed, M.S. (Mark S.), Searle, B. (Beverley), Silvestri, G. (Giorgia), Spaiser, V. (Viktoria), Strasser, T. (Tim), Tschakert, P. (Petra), Uribe-Calvo, N. (Natalia), Waddell, S. (Steve), Rao-Williams, J. (Jennifer), Wise, R. (Russell), Wolstenholme, R. (Ruth), Woods, M. (Mel), and Wyborn, C. (Carina)

Abstract

The most critical question for climate research is no longer about the problem, but about how to facilitate the transformative changes necessary to avoid catastrophic climate-induced change. Addressing this question, however, will require massive upscaling of research that can rapidly enhance learning about transformations. Ten essentials for guiding action-oriented transformation and energy research are therefore presented, framed in relation to second-order science. They include: (1) Focus on transformations to low-carbon, resilient living; (2) Focus on solution processes; (3) Focus on ‘how to’ practical knowledge; (4) Approach research as occurring from within the system being intervened; (5) Work with normative aspects; (6) Seek to transcend current thinking; (7) Take a multi-faceted approach to understand and shape change; (8) Acknowledge the value of alternative roles of researchers; (9) Encourage second-order experimentation; and (10) Be reflexive. Joint application of the essentials would create highly adaptive, reflexive, collaborative and impact-oriented research able to enhance capacity to respond to the climate challenge. At present, however, the practice of such approaches is limited and constrained by dominance of other approaches. For wider transformations to low carbon living and energy systems to occur, transformations will therefore also be needed in the way in which knowledge is produced and used.

Published
2018
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17. A communal catalogue reveals Earth's multiscale microbial diversity

Author

Thompson, LR, Sanders, JG, McDonald, D, Amir, A, Ladau, J, Locey, KJ, Prill, RJ, Tripathi, A, Gibbons, SM, Ackermann, G, Navas-Molina, JA, Janssen, S, Kopylova, E, Vazquez-Baeza, Y, Gonzalez, A, Morton, JT, Mirarab, S, Xu, ZZ, Jiang, L, Haroon, MF, Kanbar, J, Zhu, Q, Song, SJ, Kosciolek, T, Bokulich, NA, Lefler, J, Brislawn, CJ, Humphrey, G, Owens, SM, Hampton-Marcell, J, Berg-Lyons, D, McKenzie, V, Fierer, N, Fuhrman, JA, Clauset, A, Stevens, RL, Shade, A, Pollard, KS, Goodwin, KD, Jansson, JK, Gilbert, JA, Knight, R, Rivera, JLA, Al-Moosawi, L, Alverdy, J, Amato, KR, Andras, J, Angenent, LT, Antonopoulos, DA, Apprill, A, Armitage, D, Ballantine, K, Barta, J, Baum, JK, Berry, A, Bhatnagar, A, Bhatnagar, M, Biddle, JF, Bittner, L, Boldgiv, B, Bottos, E, Boyer, DM, Braun, J, Brazelton, W, Brearley, FQ, Campbell, AH, Caporaso, JG, Cardona, C, Carroll, J, Cary, SC, Casper, BB, Charles, TC, Chu, H, Claar, DC, Clark, RG, Clayton, JB, Clemente, JC, Cochran, A, Coleman, ML, Collins, G, Colwell, RR, Contreras, M, Crary, BB, Creer, S, Cristol, DA, Crump, BC, Cui, D, Daly, SE, Davalos, L, Dawson, RD, Defazio, J, Delsuc, F, Dionisi, HM, Dominguez-Bello, MG, Dowell, R, Dubinsky, EA, Dunn, PO, Ercolini, D, Espinoza, RE, Ezenwa, V, Fenner, N, Findlay, HS, Fleming, ID, Fogliano, V, Forsman, A, Freeman, C, Friedman, ES, Galindo, G, Garcia, L, Alexandra Garcia-Amado, M, Garshelis, D, Gasser, RB, Gerdts, G, Gibson, MK, Gifford, I, Gill, RT, Giray, T, Gittel, A, Golyshin, P, Gong, D, Grossart, H-P, Guyton, K, Haig, S-J, Hale, V, Hall, RS, Hallam, SJ, Handley, KM, Hasan, NA, Haydon, SR, Hickman, JE, Hidalgo, G, Hofmockel, KS, Hooker, J, Hulth, S, Hultman, J, Hyde, E, Ibanez-Alamo, JD, Jastrow, JD, Jex, AR, Johnson, LS, Johnston, ER, Joseph, S, Jurburg, SD, Jurelevicius, D, Karlsson, A, Karlsson, R, Kauppinen, S, Kellogg, CTE, Kennedy, SJ, Kerkhof, LJ, King, GM, Kling, GW, Koehler, AV, Krezalek, M, Kueneman, J, Lamendella, R, Landon, EM, Lane-deGraaf, K, LaRoche, J, Larsen, P, Laverock, B, Lax, S, Lentino, M, Levin, II, Liancourt, P, Liang, W, Linz, AM, Lipson, DA, Liu, Y, Lladser, ME, Lozada, M, Spirito, CM, MacCormack, WP, MacRae-Crerar, A, Magris, M, Martin-Platero, AM, Martin-Vivaldi, M, Margarita Martinez, L, Martinez-Bueno, M, Marzinelli, EM, Mason, OU, Mayer, GD, McDevitt-Irwin, JM, McDonald, JE, McGuire, KL, McMahon, KD, McMinds, R, Medina, M, Mendelson, JR, Metcalf, JL, Meyer, F, Michelangeli, F, Miller, K, Mills, DA, Minich, J, Mocali, S, Moitinho-Silva, L, Moore, A, Morgan-Kiss, RM, Munroe, P, Myrold, D, Neufeld, JD, Ni, Y, Nicol, GW, Nielsen, S, Nissimov, JI, Niu, K, Nolan, MJ, Noyce, K, O'Brien, SL, Okamoto, N, Orlando, L, Castellano, YO, Osuolale, O, Oswald, W, Parnell, J, Peralta-Sanchez, JM, Petraitis, P, Pfister, C, Pilon-Smits, E, Piombino, P, Pointing, SB, Pollock, FJ, Potter, C, Prithiviraj, B, Quince, C, Rani, A, Ranjan, R, Rao, S, Rees, AP, Richardson, M, Riebesell, U, Robinson, C, Rockne, KJ, Rodriguezl, SM, Rohwer, F, Roundstone, W, Safran, RJ, Sangwan, N, Sanz, V, Schrenk, M, Schrenzel, MD, Scott, NM, Seger, RL, Seguin-Orlando, A, Seldin, L, Seyler, LM, Shakhsheer, B, Sheets, GM, Shen, C, Shi, Y, Shin, H, Shogan, BD, Shutler, D, Siegel, J, Simmons, S, Sjoling, S, Smith, DP, Soler, JJ, Sperling, M, Steinberg, PD, Stephens, B, Stevens, MA, Taghavi, S, Tai, V, Tait, K, Tan, CL, Tas, N, Taylor, DL, Thomas, T, Timling, I, Turner, BL, Urich, T, Ursell, LK, van der Lelie, D, Van Treuren, W, van Zwieten, L, Vargas-Robles, D, Thurber, RV, Vitaglione, P, Walker, DA, Walters, WA, Wang, S, Wang, T, Weaver, T, Webster, NS, Wehrle, B, Weisenhorn, P, Weiss, S, Werner, JJ, West, K, Whitehead, A, Whitehead, SR, Whittingham, LA, Willerslev, E, Williams, AE, Wood, SA, Woodhams, DC, Yang, Y, Zaneveld, J, Zarraonaindia, I, Zhang, Q, Zhao, H, Thompson, LR, Sanders, JG, McDonald, D, Amir, A, Ladau, J, Locey, KJ, Prill, RJ, Tripathi, A, Gibbons, SM, Ackermann, G, Navas-Molina, JA, Janssen, S, Kopylova, E, Vazquez-Baeza, Y, Gonzalez, A, Morton, JT, Mirarab, S, Xu, ZZ, Jiang, L, Haroon, MF, Kanbar, J, Zhu, Q, Song, SJ, Kosciolek, T, Bokulich, NA, Lefler, J, Brislawn, CJ, Humphrey, G, Owens, SM, Hampton-Marcell, J, Berg-Lyons, D, McKenzie, V, Fierer, N, Fuhrman, JA, Clauset, A, Stevens, RL, Shade, A, Pollard, KS, Goodwin, KD, Jansson, JK, Gilbert, JA, Knight, R, Rivera, JLA, Al-Moosawi, L, Alverdy, J, Amato, KR, Andras, J, Angenent, LT, Antonopoulos, DA, Apprill, A, Armitage, D, Ballantine, K, Barta, J, Baum, JK, Berry, A, Bhatnagar, A, Bhatnagar, M, Biddle, JF, Bittner, L, Boldgiv, B, Bottos, E, Boyer, DM, Braun, J, Brazelton, W, Brearley, FQ, Campbell, AH, Caporaso, JG, Cardona, C, Carroll, J, Cary, SC, Casper, BB, Charles, TC, Chu, H, Claar, DC, Clark, RG, Clayton, JB, Clemente, JC, Cochran, A, Coleman, ML, Collins, G, Colwell, RR, Contreras, M, Crary, BB, Creer, S, Cristol, DA, Crump, BC, Cui, D, Daly, SE, Davalos, L, Dawson, RD, Defazio, J, Delsuc, F, Dionisi, HM, Dominguez-Bello, MG, Dowell, R, Dubinsky, EA, Dunn, PO, Ercolini, D, Espinoza, RE, Ezenwa, V, Fenner, N, Findlay, HS, Fleming, ID, Fogliano, V, Forsman, A, Freeman, C, Friedman, ES, Galindo, G, Garcia, L, Alexandra Garcia-Amado, M, Garshelis, D, Gasser, RB, Gerdts, G, Gibson, MK, Gifford, I, Gill, RT, Giray, T, Gittel, A, Golyshin, P, Gong, D, Grossart, H-P, Guyton, K, Haig, S-J, Hale, V, Hall, RS, Hallam, SJ, Handley, KM, Hasan, NA, Haydon, SR, Hickman, JE, Hidalgo, G, Hofmockel, KS, Hooker, J, Hulth, S, Hultman, J, Hyde, E, Ibanez-Alamo, JD, Jastrow, JD, Jex, AR, Johnson, LS, Johnston, ER, Joseph, S, Jurburg, SD, Jurelevicius, D, Karlsson, A, Karlsson, R, Kauppinen, S, Kellogg, CTE, Kennedy, SJ, Kerkhof, LJ, King, GM, Kling, GW, Koehler, AV, Krezalek, M, Kueneman, J, Lamendella, R, Landon, EM, Lane-deGraaf, K, LaRoche, J, Larsen, P, Laverock, B, Lax, S, Lentino, M, Levin, II, Liancourt, P, Liang, W, Linz, AM, Lipson, DA, Liu, Y, Lladser, ME, Lozada, M, Spirito, CM, MacCormack, WP, MacRae-Crerar, A, Magris, M, Martin-Platero, AM, Martin-Vivaldi, M, Margarita Martinez, L, Martinez-Bueno, M, Marzinelli, EM, Mason, OU, Mayer, GD, McDevitt-Irwin, JM, McDonald, JE, McGuire, KL, McMahon, KD, McMinds, R, Medina, M, Mendelson, JR, Metcalf, JL, Meyer, F, Michelangeli, F, Miller, K, Mills, DA, Minich, J, Mocali, S, Moitinho-Silva, L, Moore, A, Morgan-Kiss, RM, Munroe, P, Myrold, D, Neufeld, JD, Ni, Y, Nicol, GW, Nielsen, S, Nissimov, JI, Niu, K, Nolan, MJ, Noyce, K, O'Brien, SL, Okamoto, N, Orlando, L, Castellano, YO, Osuolale, O, Oswald, W, Parnell, J, Peralta-Sanchez, JM, Petraitis, P, Pfister, C, Pilon-Smits, E, Piombino, P, Pointing, SB, Pollock, FJ, Potter, C, Prithiviraj, B, Quince, C, Rani, A, Ranjan, R, Rao, S, Rees, AP, Richardson, M, Riebesell, U, Robinson, C, Rockne, KJ, Rodriguezl, SM, Rohwer, F, Roundstone, W, Safran, RJ, Sangwan, N, Sanz, V, Schrenk, M, Schrenzel, MD, Scott, NM, Seger, RL, Seguin-Orlando, A, Seldin, L, Seyler, LM, Shakhsheer, B, Sheets, GM, Shen, C, Shi, Y, Shin, H, Shogan, BD, Shutler, D, Siegel, J, Simmons, S, Sjoling, S, Smith, DP, Soler, JJ, Sperling, M, Steinberg, PD, Stephens, B, Stevens, MA, Taghavi, S, Tai, V, Tait, K, Tan, CL, Tas, N, Taylor, DL, Thomas, T, Timling, I, Turner, BL, Urich, T, Ursell, LK, van der Lelie, D, Van Treuren, W, van Zwieten, L, Vargas-Robles, D, Thurber, RV, Vitaglione, P, Walker, DA, Walters, WA, Wang, S, Wang, T, Weaver, T, Webster, NS, Wehrle, B, Weisenhorn, P, Weiss, S, Werner, JJ, West, K, Whitehead, A, Whitehead, SR, Whittingham, LA, Willerslev, E, Williams, AE, Wood, SA, Woodhams, DC, Yang, Y, Zaneveld, J, Zarraonaindia, I, Zhang, Q, and Zhao, H

Abstract

Our growing awareness of the microbial world's importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple studies and allow us to explore patterns of diversity at an unprecedented scale. The result is both a reference database giving global context to DNA sequence data and a framework for incorporating data from future studies, fostering increasingly complete characterization of Earth's microbial diversity.

Published
2017

20. Transoesophageal echocardiography and acoustic quantification in assessing regional left ventricular wall motion

Author

J Landelius, Hultman J, B Andrén, and I Palmgren

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Bypass grafting, Heart Ventricles, Image processing, Transoesophageal echocardiography, Online Systems, Ventricular Function, Left, Heart Septum, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Medicine, Coronary Artery Bypass, Integrated backscatter, Ultrasonography, Interventional, Left ventricular wall motion, Observer Variation, Ventricular function, Cardiac cycle, business.industry, Videotape Recording, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Acoustics, General Medicine, Papillary Muscles, Myocardial Contraction, Heart septum, Surgery, Blood, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Echocardiography, business, Nuclear medicine, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Endocardium
Abstract

Acoustic Quantification (AQ) is a technique based on analysis of ultrasonic integrated backscatter. It enables a real time detection of blood-tissue borders and numbers the end-diastolic and end-systolic areas throughout the cardiac cycle. AQ added to the 2D image therefore offers an on-line estimate of global ventricular function in the operating room. Since AQ is dependent on a good 2D image as well as adjustment of both transmit- and time gain control the question arises whether this leads to a different assessment, compared to the 2D image only, of off-line assessment of regional left ventricular wall motion (LVWM). Twenty-three consenting patients scheduled for elective coronary bypass grafting were studied. A total of 31 observations were performed and divided into 21 short axis and 10 three chamber long axis views. Regional LVWM score was assessed off-line (video recordings postoperatively) by two independent readers on two occasions. There was no intra-reader difference in assessment of regional LVWM in the short axis view when AQ was added to the 2D image. On the other hand, the interreader difference was highly significant both without and with AQ (P = 0.0001) in this view. In the long axis view the intra-reader difference was significant (P = 0.0008 and P = 0.004 respectively), while the inter-reader difference was non-significant. However, the overall intra-reader and inter-reader agreement was 78% or higher except for the intra-reader difference in the long axis view.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1994

25. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation improves coagulopathy in an experimental traumatic hemorrhagic model.

Author

Larsson, M., Forsman, P., Hedenqvist, P., Östlund, A., Hultman, J., Wikman, A., Riddez, L., Frenckner, B., Bottai, M., and Wahlgren, C.-M.

Subjects
BLOOD coagulation disorders, RESPIRATORY insufficiency treatment, DEATH, ABDOMINAL surgery, ACIDOSIS, ANESTHESIA, ANIMAL experimentation, ARTERIES, BLOOD transfusion, BLOOD pressure, BODY temperature, EMERGENCY medical services, EXPERIMENTAL design, EXTRACORPOREAL membrane oxygenation, FEMUR injuries, BONE fractures, HEART beat, HEART failure, HEMORRHAGE, HEMORRHAGIC shock, HYPOTHERMIA, LACTATES, PATIENTS, RABBITS, RESUSCITATION, SURVIVAL, THROMBELASTOGRAPHY, THROMBOSIS, TRACHEOTOMY, TREATMENT effectiveness, SURGICAL blood loss, PREVENTION
Abstract

Purpose: Hemorrhage is the most common cause of preventable death after trauma. Coagulopathy plays a central role in uncontrolled bleeding and is caused by multiple factors. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is an established treatment for patients with respiratory failure and has in recent years also been used in severely injured trauma patients with cardiopulmonary failure and coexisting bleeding shock. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ECMO on hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy in a traumatic hemorrhagic rabbit model. Methods: After anesthesia and tracheostomy, ten New Zealand White rabbits sustained laparotomy, bilateral femur fractures and were hemorrhaged 45% of their estimated blood volume. After 90 min of hemorrhagic shock they were resuscitated with a standard transfusion protocol together with venoarterial ECMO ( n = 5) or with a standard transfusion protocol only ( n = 5) for 60 min. No systemic heparin was administered. Results: ECMO during 60 min of resuscitation significantly increased heart rate ( p = 0.01), mean arterial pressure ( p = 0.01), body temperature ( p = 0.01) and improved the metabolic acidosis, pH ( p = 0.01), and lactate ( p = 0.01). ECMO also improved the coagulation capacity measured in vitro by Rotational Thromboelastometry with a significant decrease in clot formation time ( p < 0.01). This finding was confirmed in vivo with a significant reduction in the animals' ear bleeding time ( p < 0.01) and cuticle bleeding time ( p < 0.01); 5/5 animals survived in the ECMO group and 3/5 animals survived in the control group. Conclusions: Heparin-free ECMO stabilizes circulation, improves coagulation, and may impact short-time survival, during the first 60 min, in an experimental traumatic model with severe hemorrhagic shock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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27. Ecotourism in Denmark

Author

Gössling, S., Hultman, J., Kaae, Berit Charlotte, Gössling, S., Hultman, J., and Kaae, Berit Charlotte

Published
2006

33. Initial Experience with a Thin Single Segment Pressure and Conductance Catheter for Measurement of Left Ventricular Volume

Author

KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET HUDDINGE (SWEDEN)DEPT OF MEDICAL ENGINEERING, Carlsson, C., Soderqvist, E., Brodin, L. A., Kallner, G., Hultman, J., KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET HUDDINGE (SWEDEN)DEPT OF MEDICAL ENGINEERING, Carlsson, C., Soderqvist, E., Brodin, L. A., Kallner, G., and Hultman, J.

Abstract

To evaluate a thin and soft multifunctional catheter for the simultaneous real time monitoring of left ventricular volume and pressure with special consideration to side effects such as interference with normal cardiac electrophysiology. Methods and results: In four pigs, pressure and volume were simultaneously recorded by using the thin single segment pressure and conductance catheter. Measurements were done under varied cardiac conditions: at baseline, during preload reduction and afterload increase. Volumes were calibrated with intracardiac ultrasound measurements. During preload reduction the pressure and volume decreased as expected. A cautious afterload increase resulted in a corresponding pressure and volume increase, the maximum of the pressure curve changed from early to late. Roth SV and EDV increased. The very few arrhythmias were mainly caused by surgical interference. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that our thin single segment conductance catheter for the simultaneous measurement of LV volume and pressure has a performance that warrants further development with the goal to make the method available for human use. In particular, the catheter did not cause any arrhythmias., Papers from the 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, October 25-28, 2001, held in Istanbul, Turkey. See also ADM001351 for entire conference on cd-rom., The original document contains color images.

Published
2001

36. Hierarchical, dissipative formation of elliptical galaxies: is thermal instability the key mechanism? Hydrodynamical simulations including supernova feedback, multi-phase gas and metal enrichment in CDM: structure and dynamics of elliptical galaxies

Author

Hultman, J, Pharasyn, A, Hultman, J, and Pharasyn, A

Abstract

We present numerical simulations of galaxy formation, including star formation, in a standard, hierarchical cosmological scenario (CDM). The gas dynamics is followed with the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method, and the gravitational interaction wi, Addresses: Pharasyn A, Uppsala Astron Observ, Box 515, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. Uppsala Astron Observ, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

Published
1999

38. Cooling limits on galaxy formation - Gas dynamical simulations incorporating a background UV field and metal enrichment

Author

Kallander, D, Hultman, J, Kallander, D, and Hultman, J

Abstract

We present hydrodynamical simulations of the formation of galaxies in the mass range 10(9) - 10(13)M., with the focus on the efficiency of gas cooling. The effect of a background UV radiation field, and the effect of metal enrichment of halo gas due to st, Addresses: Hultman J, Astron Observ, Box 515, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. Astron Observ, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.

Published
1998

39. An SPH code for galaxy formation problems - Presentation of the code

Author

Hultman, J, Kallander, D, Hultman, J, and Kallander, D

Abstract

We present and test a code for two-fluid simulations of galaxy formation, one of the fluids being collision-less. The hydrodynamical evolution is solved through the SPH method while gravitational forces are calculated using a tree method. The code is Lagr, Addresses: Hultman J, ASTRON OBSERV, BOX 515, S-75120 UPPSALA, SWEDEN.

Published
1997

40. Decreased blood loss after cardiopulmonary bypass using heparin-coated circuit and 50% reduction of heparin dose

Author

Borowiec, Jan, Thelin, Stefan, Bagge, L, Hultman, J, Hansson, H E, Borowiec, Jan, Thelin, Stefan, Bagge, L, Hultman, J, and Hansson, H E

Abstract

In a randomized, double-blind study of patients undergoing elective coronary artery grafting, the effect of heparin-coated circuit combined with 50% reduction of systemic heparin bolus was investigated. Ten patients comprised group HC (heparin-coated) and ten group C (controls). The mean total doses of heparin were 172 IU/kg in group HC and 416 IU/kg in group C and the respective protamine doses were 0.96 and 3.96 mg/kg (both p < 0.001). Activated clotting times during cardiopulmonary bypass were significantly shorter in group HC, and both intra- and postoperative bleeding was significantly less than in group C (7.7 vs. 11.7 ml/kg, p = 0.036, and 6.9 vs. 9.7 ml/kg, p = 0.004). Hemoglobin loss via the drains was 22.5 g in group HC and 43.7 g in group C (p < 0.005). Hemolysis at the end of bypass was significantly greater in group C. Apart from one perioperative myocardial infarction in group HC the postoperative course was uneventful. Use of a heparin-coated circuit is concluded to permit complication-free reduction of heparin and protamine doses and to decrease both intra- and postoperative bleeding, which may favorably influence the outcome of coronary artery grafting.

Published
1992

49. Anaesthesia and monitoring for minimally invasive cardiac surgery with special reference to minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery.

Author

Hultman, J.

Subjects
*CARDIOPULMONARY bypass, *ANESTHESIA, *CORONARY artery bypass
Abstract

Examines the establishment of cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP), anaesthetic and monitoring considerations for minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) procedures. Importance of MIDCAB; Monitoring conditions for port-access cardiac surgery; Distinction between MIDCAB and coronary artery bypass grafting.

Published
1998
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