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Abstract Background Intestinal obstruction can result in inflammatory injury to distant organs, especially the lungs. Stellate ganglion block (SGB) provides sympathetic nervous homeostasis and inhibits the systemic inflammatory response. This study aimed to investigate whether SGB can alleviate acute lung injury by inhibiting phospholipase A2 expression in rats. Methods Thirty healthy male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups: C group (sham-operated); CLP group (cecal ligation and puncture with intestinal obstruction), and cervical sympathetic trunk transection (CSTT) group (transection of the cervical sympathetic trunk following CLP).Arterial blood samples were obtained to determine the ratio of partial arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) to fraction of oxygen in inspired air (FiO2). Venous blood samples were used to evaluate the serum concentrations of chemokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Following euthanasia, the lungs were isolated to estimate the wet/dry lung weight (W/D) ratio, evaluate the pathological damage to lung tissues on microscopy, and determine secretory-type phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) expression using western blotting. Results Rats in the CLP group showed increased fatigue, decreased activity levels, and coarse, gray hair. The levels of chemokines, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the CLP and CSTT groups were higher than those in the C group. However, the levels were lower in the CSTT group than those in the CLP group. IL-10 levels in the CLP group were higher and lower than those in the C and CSTT groups, respectively. W/D ratios and PaO2/FiO2 in the CLP and CSTT groups were higher than those in the C group, whereas these ratios in the CSTT group were lower than those in the CLP group. No lung injury was noted in group C, and the lung injury scores were lower in the CSTT group than those in the CLP group. sPLA2 expression levels in the CLP group were higher than those in the C group, whereas these levels in the CSTT group were lower than those in the CLP group. Conclusions sPLA2 overexpression in the lungs may be a pathogenic factor in acute lung injury. CSTT alleviated acute lung injury by inhibiting sPLA2 expression.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine metabolic disease in women of reproductive age, and its treatment mainly relies on adjusting lifestyle and oral drug therapy. With the development of the Internet and shared economy, the “Internet + nursing services” model has become increasingly popular, is presently an essential component of the Health Wellness project and has a promising future. Methods: This study involved 100 gynecological outpatients with PCOS from the Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital. They were divided into a control (routine nursing) and an experimental (“Internet +” multidisciplinary management oriented by nurse specialists) group according to a predefined nursing scheme. Several indicators, such as rates of ovulation and pregnancy, body mass index (BMI), waistline, serum hormone levels, metabolic indicators and psychological status of patients, were compared between the two groups before and half a year after the nursing intervention. Results: Six months after the intervention, the experimental group had significantly higher ovulation and pregnancy rates than the control group (88.00% vs. 68.00%, 48.00% vs. 22.00%, p < 0.05). Additionally, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in BMI, waistline, serum hormone levels (i.e., testosterone and luteinizing hormone [LH]) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, no obvious differences were observed in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) (p > 0.05) compared with the control group. Further, patients in the experimental group also displayed better psychological status, with a significant decrease in self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores and self-rating depression scale (SDS) half a year after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Interventions using the “Internet +” multidisciplinary management model oriented by nurse specialists not only effectively increased the rates of ovulation and pregnancy of PCOS patients but also significantly improved patients’ indicators such as BMI, waistline, serum hormone levels, metabolic indicators, and psychological status.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are multifunctional carbohydrates in breast milk, which are composed by a variety of structures. This study aimed to identified HMOs concentration profile, milk microbiota composition, and the associations with major maternal characteristics in Han Chinese mothers in the one-year lactation period. Seventeen healthy mothers aged from 28 to 36 years, who gave birth to healthy term infants, were recruited. Carbohydrates were detected using the MIRIS human milk analyzer (HMA), and twenty-three HMOs were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Results showed that carbohydrates were relatively stable, while total HMO concentrations ranged from 1.74 to 9.72 g/L and decreased gradually over lactation in breast milk. Based on the structure, seven sialylated HMOs concentration showed the significant decline (p

Raw milk microbiota is complex and influenced by many factors that facilitate the introduction of undesirable microorganisms. Milk microbiota is closely related to the safety and quality of dairy products, and it is therefore critical to characterize the variation in the microbial composition of raw milk. In this cross-sectional study, the variation in raw milk microbiota throughout the year (n = 142) from three farms in China was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, including α and β diversity, microbial composition, and the relationship between microbiota and milk quality parameters. This aimed to characterize the contamination risk of raw milk throughout the year and the changes in quality parameters caused by contamination. Collection month had a significant effect on microbial composition; microbial diversity was higher in raw milk collected in May and June, while milk collected in October and December had the lowest microbial diversity. Microbiota composition differed significantly between milk collected in January–June, July–August, and September–December (p < 0.05). Bacterial communities represented in raw milk at the phylum level mainly included Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidota; Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus and Lactobacillus were the most common genera. Redundancy analysis (RDA) found strong correlations between microbial distribution and titratable acidity (TA), fat, and protein. Many genera were significantly correlated with TA, for example Acinetobacter (R = 0.426), Enhydrobacter (R = 0.309), Chryseobacterium (R = 0.352), Lactobacillus (R = −0.326), norank_o__DTU014 (R = −0.697), norank_f__SC-I-84 (R = −0.678), and Subgroup_10 (R = −0.721). Additionally, norank_f__ Muribaculaceae was moderately negatively correlated with fat (R = −0.476) and protein (R = −0.513). These findings provide new information on the ecology of raw milk microbiota at the farm level and contribute to the understanding of the variation in raw milk microbiota in China.

Lactoferrin (LF) is a bioactive multifunctional protein and found in the highest amounts in human milk. Several methods can be used to quantify LF. However, quantification of native LF has garnered relatively little interest to date. This study aimed to develop a novel efficient two-step method for quantifying native LF in breast milk. During the analysis, LF was first extracted with phosphate buffer (pH 5.0), purified using a heparin affinity column. Subsequently, LF was detected using ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) at a wavelength of 201 nm. A linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 5–200 mg/L. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 1 mg/L and 5 mg/L, respectively, indicating that the validated method could be employed to quantify LF in breast milk. Compared with previous HPLC methods, this method demonstrated several remarkable advantages, including simple operation, low-cost detection, and high accuracy. Hence, the results demonstrate an efficient method that can be employed commercially to purify and analyze LF in human milk samples.