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BackgroundPatients using web-based health care communities for e-consultation services have the option to choose their service providers from an extensive digital market. To stand out in this crowded field, doctors in web-based health care communities often engage in prosocial behaviors, such as proactive and reactive actions, to attract more users. However, the effect of these behaviors on the volume of e-consultations remains unclear and warrants further exploration. ObjectiveThis study investigates the impact of various prosocial behaviors on doctors’ e-consultation volume in web-based health care communities and the moderating effects of doctors’ digital and offline reputations. MethodsA panel data set containing information on 2880 doctors over a 22-month period was obtained from one of the largest web-based health care communities in China. Data analysis was conducted using a 2-way fixed effects model with robust clustered SEs. A series of robustness checks were also performed, including alternative measurements of independent variables and estimation methods. ResultsResults indicated that both types of doctors’ prosocial behaviors, namely, proactive and reactive actions, positively impacted their e-consultation volume. In terms of the moderating effects of external reputation, doctors’ offline professional titles were found to negatively moderate the relationship between their proactive behaviors and their e-consultation volume. However, these titles did not significantly affect the relationship between doctors’ reactive behaviors and their e-consultation volume (P=.45). Additionally, doctors’ digital recommendations from patients negatively moderated both the relationship between doctors’ proactive behaviors and e-consultation volume and the relationship between doctors’ reactive behaviors and e-consultation volume. ConclusionsDrawing upon functional motives theory and social exchange theory, this study categorizes doctors’ prosocial behaviors into proactive and reactive actions. It provides empirical evidence that prosocial behaviors can lead to an increase in e-consultation volume. This study also illuminates the moderating roles doctors’ digital and offline reputations play in the relationships between prosocial behaviors and e-consultation volume.

In order to screen out the best concentration of salicylic acid for inhibiting the pathogen of korla fragrant pear blackhead and its storage effect, the pear fruit was inoculated with different concentration of salicylic acid, and the sterile water was used as control, the pear fruits were stored at room temperature (25 °C) and cold storage temperature (2 °C) , and the korla fragrant pear was damaged and inoculated with the pathogen of blackhead disease and different concentrations of salicylic acid in vivo, store at room temperature (25 ℃) for 28 d, cold storage 49 d. Every 7 days observed and measured the incidence of fruit, disease spot diameter, respiratory intensity, hardness, soluble solids, titratable acid, VC, malondialdehyde. The results showed that 0.7 g/L salicylic acid was better than 0.5 and 0.9 g/L in inhibiting the growth of blackhead disease and keeping the quality fresh, the diameter of disease spot of fragrant pear was decreased, the respiration intensity of pear was restrained, the hardness, titratable acid, VC and MDA contents of fragrant pear were kept well, and the soluble solid content was not significantly different from other treatments. 0.9 g/L salicylic acid also damaged the peel of pear fruit. The cold stoage environment combined with 0.7 g/L salicylic acid had the best antibacterial effect on pear blackhead disease and storage quality. It could be used as a further whole fruit experiment for pear storage and preservation and inhibiting korla fragrant pear blackhead diseae.

Winter jujube fruit is susceptible to aging, peel reddening, dehydration, shrinkage, and tissue softening during shelf life after it is removed from the cold storage conditions. In this study, the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and salicylic acid (SA) on the quality of winter jujube fruit during shelf life were investigated by measuring physiological indexes and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and enzymes related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism of winter jujube fruit. The results showed that 1-MCP treatment and SA treatment suppressed weight loss, respiratory rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, H2O2 content, and O2-· production rate, but improved firmness, color difference (ΔE), soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities, ascorbic acid content, glutathione content, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content in comparison with the control. Particularly, the combined treatment of 1-MCP and SA (1-MCP+SA treatment) showed the maximum efficacy compared to the 1-MCP treatment and SA treatment alone. 1-MCP+SA treatment exhibited the best preservation effect, followed by SA treatment and 1-MCP treatment. Thus, the combined treatment of 1-MCP and SA is an effective approach to maintain the postharvest quality of winter jujube fruit and extend the shelf life.

Wearable flexible sensors with high sensitivity and wide detection range are applied in motion detection, medical diagnostic result and other fields, but poor resilience and hysteresis remain a challenge. In this study, a high-resilience foam sensor was prepared through a combination of additive manufacturing and green physical foaming method. The conductive filaments were prepared by using MWCNTs-modified TPU by the physical method of melt blending. Samples were prefabricated using the FFF printer and then saturated with CO2 in an autoclave before being removed and heated to foam. The composite foam effectively reduced residual strain, demonstrating the high resilience of the 3D-printed composite materials with a foam porous structure. The residual strain of the sample before foaming was >6% after a single cycle, and then gradually increased. The residual strain of the foamed samples is less than 5%. In addition, composite foam has high sensitivity and can monitor subtle pressure changes (0~40 kPa). The sensing performance of the composite foam was evaluated, and the current signal remained stable under different loading rates and small compression strains (2~5%). By using this highly resilient conductive composite material, a hierarchical shoe insole was designed that successfully detected human walking and running movements.

The fast-paced lifestyle resulting from China's rapid economic development has caused more than 500 million sudden cardiac deaths in 2020. Online first-aid education for the public is considered a key potential solution to avoid such incidents and would have great practical value. This study focuses on understanding the impact of past first-aid experience on the intention for online learning of first-aid knowledge and skills from the perspective of individual psychological factors based on the construction level and prosociality theories. More specifically, it tests the mediating roles of psychological distances and prosociality, which reflect psychological status, in the relationship between experience and learning intention along with a series of associated demographic variables. Primary data collected via a survey are analyzed through regression analysis. The results show that first-aid experience has a significant positive impact on online first-aid learning intention. In addition, psychological distances from first-aid events, and prosociality, play mediating roles in the relationship between first-aid experience and learning intention. Thus, this study contributes to understanding first-aid learning intention by revealing the impact of the individual factors of psychological distances and prosociality.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralization efficacy of an amelogenin-based peptide on initial enamel carious lesions in vitro. Furthermore, we attempted to provide insights into the possible mechanism of the remineralization, including determining the calcium-binding properties of the peptide and its effects on calcium phosphate mineralization.Methods: The peptide comprising the N-terminus and the C-terminus of porcine amelogenin was synthesized by Synpeptide Co., Ltd. Fifty specimens were randomly assigned to five immersing treatment groups for 12 days: remineralizing medium only; 12.5 μg/mL peptide + remineralizing medium; 25 μg/mL peptide + remineralizing medium; 50 μg/mL peptide + remineralizing medium; fluoride + remineralizing medium. After immersion, mean mineral loss before and after remineralization of each specimen was determined using micro-CT. Mean mineral gain after remineralization was calculated. Calcium binding properties were measured by Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). TEM and Fourier transform-infrared were used to determine the effects of the peptide on calcium phosphate mineralization.Results: A significant decrease in mineral loss after remineralization process in all groups was observed (p < 0.05). Treatment in remineralizing medium resulted in the lowest mineral gain while the fluoridated treatment exhibited the highest mineral gain among all groups. Inclusion of synthetic peptide in the remineralizing medium exhibited a higher mineral gain and the gain of 50 μg/mL group was greater than that of the 25 μg/mL group. No significant difference in mineral gain was observed between the remineralizing medium only group and the 12.5 μg/mL peptide group (p > 0.05). ITC values showed that the Ca2+-binding affinity of the peptide is about 9.914 × 104M−1. Furthermore, the peptide was found to inhibit calcium phosphate precipitation and stabilize amorphous calcium phosphate formation for more than 2 h and finally transform into ordered hydroxyapatite crystals.Conclusion: Specific concentrations of the amelogenin-based synthetic peptide promoted in vitro remineralization, with higher concentrations exhibiting significantly greater remineralization. This study presented evidence suggesting that the peptide may act as a Ca2+carrier as well as a regulating factor. When the stabilizing calcium and phosphorus ions bind with the peptide they become biologically available for the remineralization of deeper carious lesions, while also regulated by the peptide to transform into ordered hydroxyapatite crystals.

The edible and medicinal perennial herb dandelion is known to have antitumor, antioxidant, and anticomplement properties. However, the structural characterization and biological effects of its polysaccharides are not well understood. Here, we aimed to extract and investigate a novel polysaccharide from dandelion. A water-soluble polysaccharide, PD1-1, was successfully obtained from dandelion through ultrasonic-assisted extraction and purification using diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)–Sepharose fast flow and Sephadex G-75 columns. The results showed that PD1-1 is an inulin-type polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 2.6 kDa and is composed of glucose (52.39%), and mannose (45.41%). Glycosidic linkage analysis demonstrated that PD1-1 contains terminal α-d-Man/Glcp-(1→ and →1)-β-d-Man/Glcf-(2→ glycosidic linkage conformations. A physicochemical analysis indicated that PD1-1 has a triple helix structure and exhibits important properties, including good swelling, water-holding, and oil-holding capacities. Furthermore, PD1-1 showed good antioxidant activities in DPPH and hydroxyl free radical scavenging abilities, with IC50 values of 0.23 mg/mL and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively, and good hypoglycemic activities in α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, with IC50 values of 0.53 mg/mL and 0.40 mg/mL, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner. Results suggest that PD1-1 possesses efficacious antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties and has potential applications as a functional food ingredient.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the polishing performance of five different glass-ceramic polishing tools on CEREC Blocs ceramic and provide evidence for clinical polishing tool selection., Methods: Sixty ceramic specimens were prepared and divided into six groups (n=10). These specimens received different surface treatments, including glazing (group G), polishing with Shofu polishing set, that is, Porcelain Adjustment Kit+CeraMaster (group SF), 3M Sof-LexTM Discs (group 3M), TobooM polishing set (group Tob), EVE DIAPRO system (group EVE), and Ivoclar Vivadent OptraFine® system (group Ivo). Polishing quality was measured with a profilometer, and we selected Ra and Rz values for statistical analysis. Qualitative surface evaluation was performed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM)., Results: The mean Ra values of each group were as follows: G (0.069 µm±0.008 µm)<3M (0.073 µm±0.009 µm)0.05), and SF and Ivo groups (P>0.05), but the remaining treatment groups were significantly different from each other (P<0.05). Statistical results of Rz values were the same as the Ra values, and visual analysis of the images obtained from SEM was consistent with the statistical results., Conclusions: The polishing performance of different polishing tools for CEREC Blocs ceramic was different. Sof-LexTM Discs achieved the most remarkable performance, which was comparable to that of glazing. 
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