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On earth, Calcium-41 is produced as a cosmogenic isotope via neutron capture process, leaving a natural isotopic abundance of 10-15 on earth surface. Calcium is also of vital importance for the metabolism of biological organisms. Consequently, analysis of the long lived radioactive isotope Calcium-41 is of great importance in geoscience, archeology and life sciences. The half-life of Calcium-41 is 1.03 x 105 years. It is a good candidate in dating rock and bone samples ranging from 50,000 to 1,000,000 years old.The available techniques for trace analysis of Calcium-41 include accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and resonance ionization mass spectroscopy (RIMS). The detection limit of RIMS is on the level of 10-11 due to the interference of Potassium-41, which is difficult to remove from the sample. The analysis with high-energy AMS is more expensive than the table top apparatus, and it also faces similar problem as RIMS method.We develop an atom trap trace analysis(ATTA) apparatus for Calcium-41 analysis to the sensitivity of 10-16 abundance level by one day of single atom counting. ATTA uses laser tuned at the resonant wavelength for a specific element and isotope to slow down and capture single atom by fluorescence radiation. It has a very high selectivity of element and isotope, which is more advantageous than AMS and RIMS to avoid isobar interference. ATTA has been used in analysis of Krypton-81, Argon-39 dating of the hydrological samples. This work on high sensitivity Calcium-41 analysis is very promising in dating the geochemical sample to determine the exposure ages of rocks or in cosmochemistry for investigations on terrestrial ages.

Background The aim of the present study was to investigate the antidiarrheal effect of Berberis heteropoda Schrenk roots (BHS), which are used by Chinese minorities to treat diarrhea, through regulation of intestinal flora and related signaling pathways. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: Control group (Con), Model group (Mod), three BHS groups (BHS-L (0.65 g/kg), BHS-M (1.955 g/kg), BHS-H (5.86 g/kg) and Bifidobacterium group (Bif). The model of diarrhea-based irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) was induced by intragastric administration combined with restraint stress. The CRD method was used to determine the AWR score and the Bristol fecal score. Quantification of the intestinal bacteria groups in feces was performed using colony counting on plates. The mRNA expression levels of Gpr41, Gpr43, TLR2, TLR4, and nuclear protein κB were determined by qRT-PCR, and the relative abundances of intestinal flora in the intestinal contents were determined by high-throughput gene sequencing ratios. Results Oral administration of BHS (L, M and H) significantly reduced the AWR score and the Bristol fecal score, significantly relieved diarrhea in D-IBS rats, reduced the number of Enterococci and Enterobacteria in feces, increased the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, and upregulated the expression of SCFA in plasma. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of TLR2, TLR4, Gpr41, Gpr43 and NF-κB in the BHS groups was downregulated. D-IBS rats reduced the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora and BHS (L, M and H) regulated the abundance and diversity of their intestinal flora. Conclusion The above data suggest that BHS potentially alleviates diarrhea, intestinal flora disorder and intestinal inflammation in D-IBS rats by regulating the immunological pathways. BHS is a promising agent in the treatment of D-IBS.

Total variation regularized model is a powerful tool in image noise removal due to its edge-preserving property of an image. One important procedure in the model is to determine the regularization parameter which has an important role in balancing the data-fidelity and the regularity of the denoised image. Discrepancy principle is a classical method for selecting the regularization parameter, which provides an upper bound for the value of the data-fitting term. For the regularization parameter, it is easier to estimate its upper bound as the statistical property of the noise is known. The contribution of this paper is twofold. First, we propose an iterative algorithm to estimate an optimal upper bound by applying the consistency between the value of data-fitting term and the upper bound. Second, we develop a dual-based method to solve the constrained problem which can avoid the computation of the Lagrangian multiplier associated with the constraint. The new algorithm can simultaneously solve the solution of the constrained problem and the estimate of the regularization parameter. Numerical results are given to show that the proposed algorithm is better than some state-of-the-art methods in both efficiency and accuracy.

Background: Increasing the bolus viscosity of food can protect patients with post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) from aspiration. However, conventional starch thickeners increase post-deglutition residue. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic effect of direct feeding training with xanthan gum-based thickener (Softia G, NUTRI Co., Ltd., Yokkaichi, Japan) modified food in Chinese PSD patients with a nasogastric tube.Methods: This randomized controlled study enrolled PSD patients with a gastric tube, who were equally divided into the experimental group (E-group) and the control group (C-group) according to a random number table. Both groups were given traditional training for dysphagia. The E-group cases received additional direct feeding training with Softia G-modified training food. The Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and modified volume-viscosity swallow test (M-VVST) for swallowing safety and efficacy according to adjusted Chinese dietary habits were administered before and after treatment for four weeks. The nasogastric tube removal rate was calculated in both groups post-training.Results: A total of 167 participants completed the study, 82 cases in the E-group and 85 in the C-group. After treatment, the FOIS score of the E-group (median = 5) was better than that of the C-group (median = 3) (p < 0.001). In the E-group, the incidence of coughing, voice changes, and oxygen desaturation of 3% or more was 7.32%, 4.88%, and 2.44%, significantly lower than in the C-group (37.65%, 16.47%, and 11.76%, p < 0.05). The incidence of pharyngeal residue and piecemeal deglutition were 0% and 2.44%, respectively, in the E-group; the differences between the groups were statistically significant (The C-group: 28.24% and 16.47%, p < 0.05). Moreover, the gastric tube removal rate was 100% in the E-group and 28.24% in the C-group (p < 0.001).Conclusion: Direct feeding training with xanthan gum-based thickener Softia G-modified food can effectively promote swallowing safety and efficacy in Chinese patients with PSD. M-VVST is more applicable to the Chinese population than conventional V-VST.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trail Registry ChiCTR2100043352, 11/02/2021, Retrospectively registered.

The impairments of maternal fenvalerate exposure have been well documented in previous study, but little was known about the effects of paternal fenvalerate exposure. The current study aimed to assess the effects of paternal fenvalerate exposure on spatial cognition and hippocampus across generations. Adult male mice (F0) were orally administered with fenvalerate (0, 2 or 20 mg/kg) for 5 weeks. F0 males were mated with untreated-females to generate F1 generation. F1 males were mated with F1 control females to generate F2 generation. For F1 and F2 adult offspring, spatial learning and memory were detected by Morris water maze. Results showed that spatial learning and memory were impaired in F1 females but not F1 males derived from F0 males exposed to 20 mg/kg FEN. Furthermore, significant impairment of spatial learning and memory were found in F2 females but not F2 males derived from F0 males exposed to 20 mg/kg FEN. As expected, histopathology showed that neural density in hippocampal CA3 region was reduced in F1 and F2 females but not F1 and F2 males derived from F0 males exposed to 20 mg/kg FEN. Mechanistically, hippocampal thyroid hormone receptor alpha1 (TRα1) was down-regulated in F1 and F2 females derived from F0 males exposed to 20 mg/kg FEN. Correspondingly, hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B and p75 neurotrophin receptor, three downstream genes of TR signaling, were down-regulated in F1 and F2 females. Taken together, the present study firstly found that paternal fenvalerate exposure transgenerationally impaired spatial cognition in a gender-dependent manner. Hippocampal TR signaling may, at least partially, contribute to the process of cognitive impairment induced by paternal fenvalerate exposure. Further exploration in the mode of action of fenvalerate is critically important to promote human health and environmental safety.

Olfactory dysfunction caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection represents as one of the most predictive and common symptoms in COVID-19 patients. However, the causal link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and olfactory disorders remains lacking. Herein we demonstrate intranasal inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 induces robust viral replication in the olfactory epithelium (OE), resulting in transient olfactory dysfunction in humanized ACE2 mice. The sustentacular cells and Bowman’s gland cells in OE were identified as the major targets of SARS-CoV-2 before the invasion into olfactory sensory neurons. Remarkably, SARS-CoV-2 infection triggers cell death and immune cell infiltration, and impairs the uniformity of OE structure. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the induction of antiviral and inflammatory responses, as well as the downregulation of olfactory receptors in OE from the infected animals. Overall, our mouse model recapitulates the olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients, and provides critical clues to understand the physiological basis for extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19.

To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of high-quality direct anterior approach (DAA) and other approaches for the treatment of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.Literatures published in English or Chinese about the direct anterior approach and other approaches for hemiarthroplasty in femoral neck fracture were searched on Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science, Wanfang, CNKI databases from their establishment to May 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers independently screened the literatures, and extracted the data. The quality of RCT were evaluated by Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, and non-RCT were evaluated by the NOS scale. Meta-analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.3 software.A total of 9 articles were included with 901 cases, in which 429 cases used DAA, and 472 used other approaches. DAA had a significantly lower dislocation rate compared to subgroup of posterior and posterolateral approach [The current evidenceindicates that the DAA was associated with a significantly lower dislocation rate compared to posterior capsular approaches for hemiarthroplasty. There was no significant difference in dislocation rate with the lateral and anterolateral approach.

The dried roots of Berberis heteropoda Schrenk have traditionally been used to treat acute gastroenteritis and dysentery. The aim of this study was to confirm the antibacterial activity of an extract of Berberis heteropoda Schrenk rootin vitro and its therapeutic effects on rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) in vivo, as well as to identify the related signaling pathways. A water extract of Berberis heteropoda Schrenk root (BHS) inhibited the growth of S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. faecalis. BHS potentially damaged the structure of the bacterial cell membrane and decreased the activity of some membranous enzymes, eventually killing the S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. faecalis bacteria. Oral administration of BHS (low, middle and high dose group, L, M and H) significantly alleviated the abdominal pain, diarrhea, and depression-like symptoms of D-IBS rats, and the efficacy index ranged from 30% to 60%, indicating that the BHS treatment was effective. BHS (L, M and H) alleviated the abnormal pathological changes in the brain, as evidenced by HE staining. The expression of CHAT, 5-HT, C-FOS and CGRP was reduced by the BHS treatment (L, M and H). Our findings provide novel insights into the use of the natural product BHS to inhibit pathogenic bacteria by destroying the bacterial structure, indicating that BHS possesses certain biological activities. Furthermore, BHS has the potential to alleviate diarrhea, abdominal pain and depression-like behaviors in D-IBS rats by regulating the brain-gut peptide levels.

Background Species of the Anopheles hyrcanus group are widely distributed in Palearctic and Oriental regions and some of them are important malaria vectors. The cryptic species of An. hyrcanus group was almost impossible to identify based only on their morphology. The phylogenetic relationship of An. hyrcanus group was also not clear. Methods Five members of An. hyrcanus group were identified by rDNA ITS2 sequencing as An. yatsushiroensis, An. belenrae, An. kleini, An. lesteri and An. sineroides. The mitochondrial genome fragments were sequenced and annotated using the mitochondrial genome of An. sinensis as reference. Based on the four segments and Joint Data sequences of these species, and other four anopheline species downloaded from GenBank, intraspecific as well as interspecific genetic distances were calculated and the phylogenetic trees were reconstructed by the methods of neighbor joining, maximum parsimony, minimum evolution and maximum likelihood. Findings Four parts of mitochondrial genomes, which were partial fragments COI + tRNA + COII (F5), ATP6 + COIII(F7 + F8), ND1(F19) and lrRNA (F21), were obtained. All fragments were connected as one sequence (referred as Joint Data), which had a total length of 3393 bp. All fragment sequences were highly conservative within species, with the maximum p distance (0.026) calculated by F19 of An. belenrae. The pairwise interspecific p distance calculated by each fragment showed minor or even no difference among An. sinensis, An. kleini and An. belenrae. However, interspecific p distances calculated by the Joint Data sequence ranged from 0.004 (An. belenrae vs An. kleini) to 0.089 (An. sineroides vs An. minimus), and the p distances of the six members of An. hyrcanus group were all less than 0.029. The phylogenetic tree showed two major clades: all subgenus Anopheles species (including six members of An. hyrcanus group, An. atroparvus and An. quadrimaculatus A) and subgenus Cellia (including An. dirus and An. minimus). The An. hyrcanus group was divided into two clusters as ((An. lesteri, An. sineroides) An. yatsushiroensis) and ((An. belenrae, An. sinensis) An. kleini)). Conclusions The An. hyrcanus group in this study could be divided into two clusters, in one of which An. belenrae, An. sinensis and An. kleini were most closely related. More molecular markers would make greater contribution to phylogenetic analysis.

Septic cardiomyopathy is characterized by impaired contractive function with mitochondrial dysregulation. Songorine is a typical active C20-diterpene alkaloid from the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii, which has been used for the treatment of heart failure. This study investigated the protective role of songorine in septic heart injury from the aspect of mitochondrial biogenesis. Songorine (10, 50 mg/kg) protected cardiac contractive function against endotoxin insult in mice with Nrf2 induction. In cardiomyocytes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) evoked mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and redistributed STIM1 to interact with Orai1 for the formation of calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels, mediating calcium influx, which were prevented by songorine, likely due to ROS suppression. Songorine activated Nrf2 by promoting Keap1 degradation, having a contribution to enhancing antioxidant defenses. When LPS shifted metabolism away from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in cardiomyocytes, songorine upregulated mitochondrial genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain in a manner dependent on Nrf2, resultantly protecting the capability of OXPHOS. Songorine increased luciferase report gene activities of nuclear respiratory factor-1 (Nrf1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam) dependently on Nrf2, indicative of the regulation of Nrf2/ARE and NRF1 signaling cascades. Songorine promoted PGC-1α binding to Nrf2, and the cooperation was required for songorine to activate Nrf2/ARE and NRF1 for the control of mitochondrial quality and quantity. In support, the beneficial effects of songorine on cardioprotection and mitochondrial biogenesis were diminished by cardiac Nrf2 deficiency in mice subjected to LPS challenge. Taken together, these results showed that Nrf2 transcriptionally promoted mitochondrial biogenesis in cooperation with PGC-1α. Songorine activated Nrf2/ARE and NRF1 signaling cascades to rescue cardiomyocytes from endotoxin insult, suggesting that protection of mitochondrial biogenesis was a way for pharmacological intervention to prevent septic heart injury., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • Mitochondrial ROS increased calcium influx through CRAC channels. • Nrf2 interacted with PGC-1α to regulate mitochondrial biogenesis. • Songorine activated Nrf2 by promoting Keap1 degradation. • Songorine regulated Nrf2/ARE and PGC-1α cascades to protect cardiac function.

The above article, published online on 11 December 2018 in Wiley Online Library (https://doi.org/10.1002/cbin.11080), has been withdrawn by agreement with the journal Editor, Sergio Schenkman, and John WileySons Ltd. The withdrawal has been agreed because the authors have not provided a signed Copyright Transfer Agreement.

A kind of Digital Elevation Model reconstruction method based on airborne two-dimensional lidar is proposed in this paper. This method has solved the limitation of long time, not moving and the angle of measurement of 3D imaging radar sensor during the process of mapping. The data acquisition and the position and attitude parameters of aircraft platform are continuously updating during the detection process combined with the advantages of visual sensors and 2D lidar sensors. The terrain entropy is used for matching the two-dimensional images and three-dimensional digital maps. The simulation is carried out in the laboratory environment, and the reconstruction of the DEM is completed. This method can be used for the real-time mapping of DEM, it is an important reference for the development of target recognition technology.

The study was designed to explore the effects of HS060098 on activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARα, γ and δ) and in the down-regulation of hyperlipidemia in golden hamster. Luciferase gene reporters of PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ were constructed in HepG2 cells and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) was used as an internal reference. Transfected cells were then cultured with various concentrations of HS060098 for 24 h. The peroxisome proliferator-response element luciferase activity was determined by the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay system. To investigate the lipid-lowering effect of HS060098, hyperlipidemic golden hamsters fed by high-diet were administered orally with HS060098 through prophylactic and therapeutic approaches respectively. The levels of blood lipids such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fat index in hamsters were evaluated. The results showed that HS060098 was a potent activator of PPARδ with a good selectivity and the median effective concentration (EC(50)) is 0.01 μmol·L(-1), while no obvious PPARα and PPARγ activation was observed. In the golden hamster, oral administration of HS060098 (5, 10, 20 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) for 2 weeks, led to a significant decrease the concentrations of plasma TC, TG, LDL-C and fat index (P0.05 or P0.01), whereas the contents of plasma HDL-C were increased significantly (P0.05 or P0.01). The data suggest that HS060098 is a novel PPARδ agonist with a significant activity in the prevention and therapy of hyperlipemia in golden hamster.

Multiple attributes decision making (MADM) method is an important measure for system integration. Robustness analysis on MADM is a hotspot in these years which wins academe’s great attention, and is supposed to be an effective way when countering imperfect information. Setting parameters in ELECTRE-III’s is a vital and difficult step. In this paper, a method of inferring ELECTRE-III’s parameters with fuzzy information based on robustness analysis is presented. First, ELECTRE-III is transformed into a continuous smooth function of each parameter vector. Then, robustness analysis structure and a parameters inferring algorithm are provided by maximizing robustness margin based on mathematics programming. Moreover, how to resolve the programming problem is also discussed. At last, a illustrative example of Naval Gun Weapon System Integration is put forward.

To observe the effects of comprehensive therapy (CT) with electroacupuncture (EA) in combination with psycho-intervention (PI) on the cognitive function and event-related potentials (ERP), P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN), in patients with internet addiction (IA) for a preliminary exploration of the possible mechanism of the therapy.One hundred and twenty patients with IA were randomly divided into three groups, and a total of 112 subjects reached the final analysis of the trial, the EA group (39 patients), the PI group (36 patients) and the CT group (37 patients). EA was applied at acupoints Baihui (GV20), Sishencong (EX-HN1), Hegu (LI4), Neiguan (PC6), Taichong (LR3) and Sanyinjiao (SP6), once every other day; PI with the cognitionbehavior mode was implemented every 4 days; both EA and PI were used in the CT group. The treatment course for all patients was 40 days. Changes before and after treatment in terms of scoring by the IA self-rating scale, short-term memory capacity, short-term memory span, and the latency and amplitude of P300 and MMN in patients were observed.After treatment, in all groups, the IA score was lowered significantly (P0.05) and scores of short-term memory capacity and short-term memory span increased significantly (P0.05), while the decreased IA score in the CT group was more significant than that in the other two groups (P0.05). ERP measurements showed that P300 latency was depressed and its amplitude raised in the EA group; MMN amplitude increased in the CT group (all P0.05).The EA in combination with PI could improve the cognitive function of IA patients, and its mechanism might be related to the speedup of cerebral discrimination on external stimulus and the enhancement of effective resource mobilization during information processing of the brain.

Two novel transition metal complexes with malonate and reduced imino nitroxide radicals, [Co(mal)(Him2-py)2] (ClO4) 1 and [Mn (mal)(Him2-py)2] (H2O) 2 (Him2-py = 1-hydroxy-2-(2′-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline) have been synthesized and their crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction method. During the reaction, one-electron reduction of the N–O radical moiety in IM2py has been reviewed. The structural analyses reveal that two title complexes are isostructural and crystallize in monoclinic space group C2. For the complex 1, a=17.004(9), b=10.753(5), c=9.207(5) Å with β=113.856(8)∘. For the complex 2, a=16.721(5), b=10.897(5), c=9.253(3) Å with β=120.807(6)∘. In two complexes, the coordination number around the metal ion is six, and the coordination sphere is a distorted octahedron. Two nitrogen atoms from Him2-py and two oxygen atoms from malonate are in the basal plane, and two nitrogen atoms from pyridyl rings of Him2-py at the axial position.

Four complexes of 3,3-diphenylpropanoate (L) and 4,4′-bipyridine as auxiliary bridging ligands were synthesized and characterized, namely [Zn(L)2(4bpy)(EtOH)2]∞ (1), [Co(L)2(4bpy)(EtOH)2]∞ (2), [Ni(L)2(4bpy)(EtOH)2]∞ (3), and [Cu(L)2(4bpy)(H2O)]∞ (4) (4bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine). X-ray single-crystal diffraction analyses show that complexes 1–4 all take one-dimensional (1D) fishbone-like structures incorporating bridging 4bpy ligands. The complexes show different supramolecular frameworks interlinked via intermolecular hydrogen bonds, π···π stacking, and/or C–H···π supramolecular interactions. Complex 3 only has a simple one-dimensional fishbone-like chain, whereas complexes 1 and 2 show two-dimensional supramolecular structures by interchain C–H···O hydrogen bonds. Complex 4 is assembled into two-dimensional layers and then an overall three-dimensional framework by a combination of interchain O–H···O hydrogen bonds and C–H···π supramolecular interactions. The luminescent properties of the ligands and their complexes were investigated. Our new ZnII, CoII, NiII and CuII complexes have been successfully achieved by using 3,3-diphenylpropanoate ligands, together with 4,4′-bipyridine auxiliary bridging ligands. The structural variations of the four complexes, compared to these of related ligands, can be attributed to the substituents of L. The luminescent properties of the complexes were investigated.

To analyze the clinical features of lateral orbital wall blow-in fracture and summarize the points of treatment.A retrospective analysis of 12 patients with lateral orbital wall blow-in fracture treated in the Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from January 2007 to January 2010 was investigated. Clinical records and results of follow-up were analyzed.Twelve cases of the lateral orbital wall blow-in fracture with the frontal process of the zygoma impacted into the orbit were confirmed. Globe rupture occurred in 1 case, 4 cases had traumatic optic neuropathy. 1 case suffered exophthalmos, 8 cases had enophthalmos. Diplopia was found in 5 cases and eyeball movement disturbance in 5 cases.3 cases had upper eyelid deformity, 1 case had ptosis, 3 cases had telecanthus accompanied with lacrimal ducts obstruction. 11 cases suffered orbital floor fracture, 9 cases had zygomatic arc fracture, 6 cases had orbital medial wall fracture, and 3 cases had naso-orbito-ethmoid fracture. Surgical treatment was performed by different combination of approaches according to the extents of injury; Osteotomy was performed in patients whose blow-in fracture was malformation. Orbital reconstructive surgery was performed in 11 patients and fractures were completely restored.The lateral orbital wall blow-in fracture could cause serious impairment to the ocular components, better outcomes could be achieved by timely and proper treatment with improving recognition of this type of fracture.

A novel method for the simultaneous determination of norfloxacin (NFLX) and lomefloxacin (LFLX) in milk samples was developed by using first derivative synchronous fluorimetry. The synchronous fluorescence (Δλ=160 nm) spectra and first derivative synchronous fluorescence spectra of NFLX, LFLX and their mixture were studied. The zero-crossing method was utilized to measure the first derivative value of the derivative spectrum. The zero-crossing points were located at 275.0 nm for NFLX and at 283.8 nm for LFLX, in first derivative synchronous fluorescence spectra. Therefore, 283.8 nm and 275.0 nm were selected for the determination of NFLX and LFLX. The first derivative values varied linearly with the concentrations in the range of 1.68×10(-8)-5.64×10(-6) mol L(-1) for NFLX and 1.89×10(-8)-6.19×10(-6) mol L(-1) for LFLX. The detection limits were 5.03×10(-9) mol L(-1) for NFLX and 7.58×10(-9) mol L(-1) for LFLX. The proposed method is reliable, selective and sensitive, and has been used successfully in the simultaneous determination of NFLX and LFLX in milk samples, whose results were in good agreement with those obtained by HPLC.

To observe the preventive effect of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) to restenosis after carotid balloon injury in rabbits.The rabbit model of carotid balloon injury was established adopting Clowes method, and treated with extract of RPR. Component of new genesic intima and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and macrophage was determined by immunochemical stain. The collagen of type I was detected by special staining for blood vessels and the area of new genesic intima was measured by image assay system.RPR could remarkably decreased the PCNA positive expression and inhibit the proliferation of collagen type I and reduce the generating of new intima.RPR has significant preventive effect on the restenosis after carotid ballon injury in high fat-diet induced atherosclerotic rabbits.