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1. Effects of tocotrienols supplementation on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author

Ban-Hock Khor, Hui-Ci Tiong, Shing Cheng Tan, Sok Kuan Wong, Kok-Yong Chin, Tilakavati Karupaiah, Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana, and Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Studies investigating the effects of tocotrienols on inflammation and oxidative stress have yielded inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of tocotrienols supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until 13 July 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials supplementing tocotrienols and reporting circulating inflammatory or oxidative stress outcomes. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined by pooling eligible studies. Nineteen studies were included for qualitative analysis, and 13 studies were included for the meta-analyses. A significant reduction in C-reactive protein levels (WMD: -0.52 mg/L, 95% CI: -0.73, -0.32, p < 0.001) following tocotrienols supplementation was observed, but this finding was attributed to a single study using δ-tocotrienols, not mixed tocotrienols. There were no effects on interleukin-6 (WMD: 0.03 pg/mL, 95% CI: -1.51, 1.58, p = 0.966), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (WMD: -0.28 pg/mL, 95% CI: -1.24, 0.68, p = 0.571), and malondialdehyde (WMD: -0.42 μmol/L, 95% CI: -1.05, 0.21, p = 0.189). A subgroup analysis suggested that tocotrienols at 400 mg/day might reduce malondialdehyde levels (WMD: -0.90 μmol/L, 95% CI: -1.20, -0.59, p < 0.001). Future well-designed studies are warranted to confirm the effects of tocotrienols on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, particularly on different types and dosages of supplementation. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020198241.

Published
2021
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2. Effects of tocotrienols supplementation on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author

Tilakavati Karupaiah, Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana, Shing Cheng Tan, Hui-Ci Tiong, Kok-Yong Chin, Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor, Sok Kuan Wong, and Ban-Hock Khor

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Organic chemistry, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, Biochemistry, Antioxidants, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Randomized controlled trial, law, Medicine and Health Sciences, Vitamin E, Immune Response, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Multidisciplinary, Tocotrienols, Statistics, Vitamins, Metaanalysis, Research Assessment, Middle Aged, Malondialdehyde, C-Reactive Proteins, Chemistry, Meta-analysis, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Female, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Dose, Systematic Reviews, Science, Immunology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Subgroup analysis, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemical compounds, Signs and Symptoms, Internal medicine, Organic compounds, medicine, Humans, Statistical Methods, Inflammation, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, Cell Biology, Confidence interval, Oxidative Stress, chemistry, Dietary Supplements, Clinical Medicine, business, Oxidative stress, Mathematics, Biomarkers
Abstract

Studies investigating the effects of tocotrienols on inflammation and oxidative stress have yielded inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of tocotrienols supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until 13 July 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials supplementing tocotrienols and reporting circulating inflammatory or oxidative stress outcomes. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined by pooling eligible studies. Nineteen studies were included for qualitative analysis, and 13 studies were included for the meta-analyses. A significant reduction in C-reactive protein levels (WMD: −0.52 mg/L, 95% CI: −0.73, −0.32, p < 0.001) following tocotrienols supplementation was observed, but this finding was attributed to a single study using δ-tocotrienols, not mixed tocotrienols. There were no effects on interleukin-6 (WMD: 0.03 pg/mL, 95% CI: −1.51, 1.58, p = 0.966), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (WMD: −0.28 pg/mL, 95% CI: −1.24, 0.68, p = 0.571), and malondialdehyde (WMD: −0.42 μmol/L, 95% CI: −1.05, 0.21, p = 0.189). A subgroup analysis suggested that tocotrienols at 400 mg/day might reduce malondialdehyde levels (WMD: −0.90 μmol/L, 95% CI: −1.20, −0.59, p < 0.001). Future well-designed studies are warranted to confirm the effects of tocotrienols on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, particularly on different types and dosages of supplementation. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020198241.

Published
2021

3. Effects of tocotrienols supplementation on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author

Khor Ban Hock, Hui-Ci Tiong, Shing Cheng Tan, Sok Kuan Wong, Kok-Yong Chin, Tilakavati Karupaiah, Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana, Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor, Khor Ban Hock, Hui-Ci Tiong, Shing Cheng Tan, Sok Kuan Wong, Kok-Yong Chin, Tilakavati Karupaiah, Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana, and Abdul Halim Abdul Gafor

Abstract

Studies investigating the effects of tocotrienols on inflammation and oxidative stress have yielded inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of tocotrienols supplementation on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception until 13 July 2020 to identify randomized controlled trials supplementing tocotrienols and reporting circulating inflammatory or oxidative stress outcomes. Weighted mean difference (WMD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined by pooling eligible studies. Nineteen studies were included for qualitative analysis, and 13 studies were included for the meta-analyses. A significant reduction in C-reactive protein levels (WMD: −0.52 mg/L, 95% CI: −0.73, −0.32, p < 0.001) following tocotrienols supplementation was observed, but this finding was attributed to a single study using δ-tocotrienols, not mixed tocotrienols. There were no effects on interleukin-6 (WMD: 0.03 pg/mL, 95% CI: −1.51, 1.58, p = 0.966), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (WMD: −0.28 pg/mL, 95% CI: −1.24, 0.68, p = 0.571), and malondialdehyde (WMD: −0.42 μmol/L, 95% CI: −1.05, 0.21, p = 0.189). A subgroup analysis suggested that tocotrienols at 400 mg/day might reduce malondialdehyde levels (WMD: −0.90 μmol/L, 95% CI: −1.20, −0.59, p < 0.001). Future well designed studies are warranted to confirm the effects of tocotrienols on inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, particularly on different types and dosages of supplementation. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020198241.

Published
2021

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