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To summarize the experience of 40 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with irreversible electroporation ablation (IRE), their experiences with surgical nurses, and to explore the best nursing methods before and during IRE ablation. Preoperative visits were conducted to assess the condition of patients, and psychological counseling was subsequently given to them. All material and medication required for the operation were prepared in advance, and placed in appropriate locations. All 40 patients were treated successfully. The mean time of IRE ablation was 63.33±12.26 (range, 37–87) minutes, and mean blood loss was 2.09±0.49 (range: 1.0–2.8) mL. There were no ablation-related deaths. Skillful mastery of nanoknife usage and troubleshooting methods, intensive observation of patients’ vital signs during ablation, and active cooperation with surgeons can ensure successful ablation and can reduce the influence of improper nursing during ablation on patients’ prognosis.

The double membrane bio-reactor was used to treat the simulated wastewater under aerobic conditions, and the aerobic activated sludge system was set as the control. At the beginning of acclimation, COD removal efficiency in double membrane bio-reactor was higher than that of aerobic activated sludge system, but difference between two systems was little in later stage. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate in double membrane bio-reactor was significantly higher than aerobic activated sludge throughout the whole acclimation stage and nitrite concentration in the effluent from double membrane bio-reactor was lower than that of from aerobic activated sludge, while the nitrate concentration was higher. The nitrite was not accumulated in double membrane bio-reactor through the whole process of acclimation, while the accumulation of nitrate happened in aerobic activated sludge system.

The composition of dyeing wastewater is complicated, after biochemical treatment, the effluent COD is still unable to meet the emission standard. To achieve discharge standard that often require advanced treatment after biochemical. This paper investigated effect of pH, reaction time, ZnO dosage, dosage of H2O2on the effect of dyeing wastewater treatment by photocatalytic-H2O2, the results showed that the reaction time of 15 min, pH of 4, dosage of ZnO was 4 g/L, 30% H2O2dosage was 1 ml/L, the COD removal rate was highest, can reach more than 55%.

Study on the pretreatment of printing and dyeing wastewater with PAC、Fe2(SO4)3and FeCl3was carried out. Effects of the flocculants dosage, pH on the treatment efficiency were studied. The results showed that with PAC, Fe2(SO4)3and the FeCl3dosage rising, the treatment effect first decreased and then increased and when the addition amount was 300 mg.L-1、300mg.L-1and 250 mg.L-1,the COD removal efficiency achieved 69%、78%、74% , respectively. With the rising of pH, the treatment effects of the three types of flocculants increased first and then decreased, the optimum pH of PAC and Fe2(SO4)3was 7and the best pH of FeCl3was 6. At last, the settle ability and the amount of the producing floc were studied, the results showed that the settle ability was the best and the least amount of sludge produced by FeCl3flocculation. Keywords: printing and dyeing wastewater, pretreatment, flocculants, screening.

The influence of H2O2、addition of Fe2+、pH、reaction time and temperature to advanced treatment effect of printing and dyeing wastewater with Fenton oxidation was studied. The results showed that when the addition of H2O2(the concentration was 30%) was 3mL/L,the addition of FeSO4·7H2O was 1.6g/L,pH was 4,the temperature was about 30°C,reacting time was 35min,the COD removal efficiency achieved above 55%,COD of effluent was below 45mg/L.

The laboratory-made dicyandiamide formaldehyde polymer is used to study the effect of the flocculation treatment of simulated wastewater of You Li Su-hong EB. And the influencing factors mainly include flocculant dosage, pH and temperature. The experimental results show that when the dicyandiamide formaldehyde flocculant dosage is 8mL / L and pH is acidic or neutral, COD and color removal rate are the highest that have reached more than 70%. Besides, temperature has little effect on the flocculation treatment, and room temperature is enough to make the treatment effect good. Finally compared with the commonly used flocculant PAC, dicyandiamide formaldehyde polymer treatment effect is better with less addition.

Dynamic experiments were carried out in two reactors with anaerobic sludge as the seed sludge under low dissolved oxygen concentration (lower than 1.0 mg/L) condition, one reactor with magnetic particle and the dosage being 4 g/L determined by the static experiments and the other as the blank control. The synthetic glucose solution was used to culture the micro-aerobic sludge. The results indicated that the reactor with magnetic particles had a higher chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency and mixed liquid suspended sludge than the blank in which no magnetic particles existed. The sludge under the influence of weak magnetic field had better settling property with the average value of sludge volumetric index (SVI) lower than 100 mL/g, while in the reactor without magnetic particles, the sludge had a loose structure, poor setting property, and a SVI value higher than 200 mL/g. The influence of the weak magnetic field on the flocculation capability of the sludge was investigated through the testin...

The effects of pH on the advanced treatment of mid-stage pulping effluent with potassium ferrate were studied. Firstly, the effect of pH on the stability of the potassium ferrate solution was studied, which indicated that potassium ferrate was more stable in alkaline conditions than in acidic and neutral conditions, and the most stability was achieved at pH of 9-10. Then the effect of pH on the mid-stage pulping effluent treatment with potassium ferrate showed that the oxidation increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of the pH. The best treatment efficiency was at pH=4, under which COD removal efficiency reached 40%. The flocculation experiment was conducted using Fe3+ produced by the oxidation reaction as flocculant and PAC as extra flocculant and PAM as coagulant aid. Effect of pH on the flocculation process was studied, which showed that the flocculation effect first increased and then decreased with pH increasing. When pH was 9, COD removal efficiency reached 60%. The final effluent of COD concentration was less than 60mg/L, which met the requirements from the national first-order discharge standard.

Effect of the presence of acetic acid on the pretreatment of dye wastewater by flocculation was studied. The effects of pH, PAC and PAM dosage on the flocculation of dye wastewater containing acetic acid were studied, with the dye wastewater without acetic acid as the blank. The results showed that the optimal pH of the dye wastewater with acetic acid by flocculation was 8, and that of the dye wastewater without acetic acid was 6, but the CODCr removal efficiencies were no significant difference. The best dosage of PAC and PAM of dye wastewater containing acetic acid was 4g/L and 0.15mg/L respectively. The presence of acetic acid was no influence on the flocculation treatment of dye wastewater. Then the effect of different concentrations of dye wastewater containing acetic acid on the flocculation treatment was followed. The results showed that the treatment effect increased with the increase of wastewater concentration.

the effect of pH shock on the magnetic micro-aerobic activated sludge system used to deal with low load glucose wastewater was studied. After pH shocking under the condition of pH=6.0 and 9.0 for 15 days, CODCr removal efficiency of the reactor with magnetic powder was higher than that of the reactor without magnetic powder, and remained above 80% in the 5 days recovery experiment at pH=7.5, while about 50% of the reactor without magnetic powder. SVI in the reactor with magnetic powder was lower than that of the reactor without magnetic powder after pH shocking, and after the 5 days' recovery experiments, SVI of the sludge with magnetic powder could recovered to the original value, but the indicators of the sludge without magnetic powder could not recovered to the original value.

the adsorption of PCP using aerobic granules was studied. The static adsorption experiments were carried out and the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were applied to describe the biosorption processes and the isotherm constants were evaluated. The Freundlich and Langmuir isothermy adsorption equations obtained from the static experients were q=2.04ce0.82 and q=3.47ce /(1+0.56 ce), respectively. Both the adsorption isotherms described the static adsorption behavior of PCP well. Then the Freundlich adsorption isotherm was used to estimate the adsorption of PCP by aerobic granules in the dynamic state. The results showed that the adsorption mainly occurred in the initial periods during the operation of the reactor.

Total suspended and size-segregated atmospheric particles were collected in four seasons at three representative points in different functional areas of Dongguan City. The detailed size distributions of six nitro-PAHs [2-nitrofluorene (2-NF), 9-nitroanthracene, 2-nitrofluoranthene (2-NFL), 3-nitrofluoranthene, 1-nitropyrene, and 2-nitropyrene (2-NP)] were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection using a binary elution gradient (methanol and water). We used a toxicity assessment based on potency equivalency factors (PEFs) to estimate the inhalation risk of the particulate matter. The results showed that, aside from 2-NF and 2-NFL, the content of the other four nitro-PAHs in the microparticles (

The successful application of co-immobilized aerobic-anaerobic biomass under limited aeration in wastewater treatment systems would eliminate the problems associated with the intermediates mono-chlorophenol (MCP) and di-chlorophenol(DCP) accumulations. With low initial pentachlorophenol (PCP) concentration, all PCP could be completely removed under oxygen-limited strict anaerobic conditions, and the removal efficiencies with different initial headspace oxygen percentage (IHOP) were not obviously different from each other. While at high initial PCP concentration, under strictly anaerobic conditions PCP and their intermediates were clearly higher than that under other conditions, and produced obvious accumulation, the highest PCP reduction was achieved by the system receiving 30 IHOP, oxygen-limited system also exhibited lower residual TOC concentration and lower concentration of metabolic intermediates MCP and DCP. These results suggested that under strictly anaerobic condition the reductive dechlorination of low chlorinated compounds became rate limiting in the reductive dechlorination pathway, less chlorinated compounds be more amenable to aerobic degradation, and the aerobes of outer layers could function under limited oxygen. The co-immobilized aerobic-anaerobic biomass for methanogenesis under limited-aeration for chlorophenol degradation might be an attractive and efficient alternative for the sequential anaerobic/aerobic system to achieve mineralization of a broad range of recalcitrance highly chlorinated organics and low final TOC concentrations.

Cultivation of aerobic granular sludge for pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation under microaerobic condition (DO concentration was controlled at 0.2-0.7 mg/L) was studied in this paper. Anaerobic granules were selected as inoculum. The changes of appearance were observed and the variations of SVI, VSS/TSS, PN/PS and the size of sludge were measured during cultivating. The capabilities for degradation of PCP, AOX and COD(Cr) were also studied. Observations on mature granules were carried out by scanning electron microscope, and the results indicated bacillus was dominant on the surface of granules while in the inner of granules both bacillus and coccus were the dominant microorganisms. K, Na, Fe, Ca, Mg, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu and Zn were detected in the granules by element analysis.