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2. The association of selenium status with thyroid hormones and anthropometric values in dyslipidemic patients

Author

Carvalho, Roberta F., Rosa, Glorimar, Huguenin, Grazielle V. B., Luiz, Ronir R., Moreira, Annie S. B., and Oliveira, Glaucia M.M.

Subjects
Selenium, Selenio, La antropometría, Anthropometry, Dyslipidemia, Thyroid hormones, Hormonas tiroideas, La dislipidemia
Abstract

Background: Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that performs physiological functions in the metabolism of thyroid hormone and may have an association with anthropometric variables relevant to cardiovascular disease. Aim: To study the associations between Se status, thyroid hormones and anthropometric variables in dyslipidemic patients. Methods: Eighty-three patients were assessed in a cross-sectional study. Blood samples were analyzed for Se and thyroid hormones. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and dietary Se intake was investigated. Results: Mean plasma Se concentrations were low in the patients, at 88.7 ± 16.7 μg/L. Patients with plasma Se ≥ 95 μg/L were found to have a higher body mass index (BMI) (30.74 �± 4.31 vs 27.68 �± 5.63 kg/m², P = 0.02) and waist-to-height ratio (0.65 �± 0.05 vs 0.59 �± 0.07, P = 0.003) when compared to those with concentrations between 80 and 94 μg/L. Se intake associated positively with T3L/T4L ratio (r = 0.273; P= 0.03), BMI (r= 0.257, P= 0.04) and WC (r= 0.299, P= 0.02). Conclusion: The patients with the highest normal plasma Se concentrations were found to have increases in the anthropometric variables we investigated. There is a need for further study in order to elucidate these findings. Furthermore, we found a positive association between Se intake and the most metabolically active form of the thyroid hormones. Contexto: El selenio (Se) es un micronutriente esencial que realiza las funciones fisiologicas en el metabolismo de la hormona tiroidea y pueden tener una asociacion con las variables antropometricas pertinentes a la enfermedad cardiovascular. Objetivo: Estudiar la asociacion entre el estado de Se, hormonas tiroideas y las variables antropometricas en pacientes con dislipidemia. Metodos: Ochenta y tres pacientes fueron evaluados en un estudio transversal. Se analizaron muestras de sangre para Se y hormonas tiroideas. Las medidas antropometricas fueron tomadas, y la ingesta de la dieta Se fue investigado. Resultados: La media de las concentraciones de Se en plasma fueron bajas en los pacientes, a 88,7 �± 16,7 mg / l. Se encontro que los pacientes con niveles plasmaticos de Se ≥ 95 mg / L de tener un indice de masa corporal (IMC) (30.74 �± 4.31 vs 27.68 �± 5.63 kg / m², P = 0,02) y la relacion cintura-estatura (0,65 ± 0,05 vs 0,59 �± 0,07, P = 0,003) en comparacion con aquellos con concentraciones entre 80 y 94 g / l. Ingesta de Se asocio positivamente con relacion T3L / T4L (r = 0,273, p = 0,03), indice de masa corporal (r = 0,257, P = 0,04) y WC (r = 0,299, P = 0,02). Conclusion: Se encontro que los pacientes con las mas altas concentraciones de Se en plasma normal tener incrementos en las variables antropometricas que investigamos. Hay una necesidad de un mayor estudio para dilucidar estos hallazgos. Ademas, se encontro una asociacion positiva entre el consumo de Se y la forma mas metabolicamente activa de las hormonas tiroideas.

Published
2015

3. The association of selenium status with thyroid hormones and anthropometric values in dyslipidemic patients

Author

Carvalho,Roberta F., Rosa,Glorimar, Huguenin,Grazielle V. B., Luiz,Ronir R., Moreira,Annie S. B., and Oliveira,Glaucia M.M.

Subjects
Selenium, Anthropometry, Dyslipidemia, Thyroid hormones
Abstract

Background: Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that performs physiological functions in the metabolism of thyroid hormone and may have an association with anthropometric variables relevant to cardiovascular disease. Aim: To study the associations between Se status, thyroid hormones and anthropometric variables in dyslipidemic patients. Methods: Eighty-three patients were assessed in a cross-sectional study. Blood samples were analyzed for Se and thyroid hormones. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and dietary Se intake was investigated. Results: Mean plasma Se concentrations were low in the patients, at 88.7 ± 16.7 μg/L. Patients with plasma Se ≥ 95 μg/L were found to have a higher body mass index (BMI) (30.74 ± 4.31 vs 27.68 ± 5.63 kg/m², P = 0.02) and waist-to-height ratio (0.65 ± 0.05 vs 0.59 ± 0.07, P = 0.003) when compared to those with concentrations between 80 and 94 μg/L. Se intake associated positively with T3L/T4L ratio (r = 0.273; P= 0.03), BMI (r= 0.257, P= 0.04) and WC (r= 0.299, P= 0.02). Conclusion: The patients with the highest normal plasma Se concentrations were found to have increases in the anthropometric variables we investigated. There is a need for further study in order to elucidate these findings. Furthermore, we found a positive association between Se intake and the most metabolically active form of the thyroid hormones.

Published
2015

7. Modeling and gene knockdown to assess the contribution of nonsense-mediated decay, premature termination, and selenocysteine insertion to the selenoprotein hierarchy.

Author

Zupanic A, Meplan C, Huguenin GV, Hesketh JE, and Shanley DP

Subjects
Caco-2 Cells, Humans, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gene Knockdown Techniques, Models, Theoretical, Nonsense Mediated mRNA Decay, Selenoproteins genetics
Abstract

The expression of selenoproteins, a specific group of proteins that incorporates selenocysteine, is hierarchically regulated by the availability of Se, with some, but not all selenoprotein mRNA transcripts decreasing in abundance with decreasing Se. Selenocysteine insertion into the peptide chain occurs during translation following recoding of an internal UGA stop codon. There is increasing evidence that this UGA recoding competes with premature translation termination, which is followed by nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of the transcript. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the susceptibility of different selenoprotein mRNAs to premature termination during translation and differential sensitivity of selenoprotein transcripts to NMD are major factors in the selenoprotein hierarchy. Selenoprotein transcript abundance was measured in Caco-2 cells using real-time PCR under different Se conditions and the data obtained fitted to mathematical models of selenoprotein translation. A calibrated model that included a combination of differential sensitivity of selenoprotein transcripts to NMD and different frequency of non-NMD related premature translation termination was able to fit all the measurements. The model predictions were tested using SiRNA to knock down expression of the crucial NMD factor UPF1 (up-frameshift protein 1) and selenoprotein mRNA expression. The calibrated model was able to predict the effect of UPF1 knockdown on gene expression for all tested selenoproteins, except SPS2 (selenophosphate synthetase), which itself is essential for selenoprotein synthesis. These results indicate an important role for NMD in the hierarchical regulation of selenoprotein mRNAs, with the exception of SPS2 whose expression is likely regulated by a different mechanism., (© 2016 Zupanic et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the RNA Society.)

Published
2016
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8. Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Brazil Nuts on Microvascular Endothelial Function in Hypertensive and Dyslipidemic Patients: A Randomized Crossover Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Author

Huguenin GV, Moreira AS, Siant'Pierre TD, Gonçalves RA, Rosa G, Oliveira GM, Luiz RR, and Tibirica E

Subjects
Aged, Humans, Middle Aged, Bertholletia, Dietary Supplements, Dyslipidemias blood, Dyslipidemias diet therapy, Endothelium, Vascular metabolism, Hypertension blood, Hypertension diet therapy, Nitric Oxide blood, Nuts
Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with GBNs on microvascular endothelial function in hypertensive and dyslipidemic patients., Methods: Ninety-one patients of both sexes aged 62.1 ± 9.3 years received 13 g/day of GBNs or a placebo for three months with a washout period of one month between treatments. Microvascular endothelial function was assessed using LSCI coupled with iontophoresis of ACh and PORH. We also used skin video capillaroscopy to measure capillary density and recruitment at rest and during PORH. Plasma concentrations of NOx were also measured as a marker of nitric oxide bioavailability., Results: Supplementation with GBNs significantly increased the plasma levels of Se (p < 0.05) and NOx (p < 0.05). However, we did not observe any effects of GBN consumption on microvascular vasodilator responses to ACh or PORH (p > 0.05), and GBNs did not improve capillary density at baseline or recruitment during PORH (p > 0.05)., Conclusions: Supplementation with GBNs induced significant increases in the plasma Se concentration and systemic bioavailability of nitric oxide. Nevertheless, GBN supplementation did not lead to any improvement in systemic microvascular reactivity or density in patients with arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia who were undergoing multiple drug therapies., (© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2015
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