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One of the striking signs appearing early in many cases of paralysis agitans is the loss of the normal automatic, associated movements. In walking the normal quadruped alternates the movements of the legs by associating the left fore with the right hind, and the right fore with the left hind limb; in normal man we see the identical coordination between arm and leg movements. If now, a typical case of paralysis agitans is observed, it is seen that the arms are carried with the trunk and do not swing in coordination with the contralateral leg. That this is not due to the rigidity of the arms is obvious because many cases presenting this sign are not rigid, merely having the tremor and mask-like features characteristic of this syndrome. The literature on automatic associated movements is indefinite and largely clinical. The papers published by those who have studied the basal

It is impossible to give an evaluation of results with psychoanalysis because no definition of psychoanalysis can be formulated that is acceptable to the majority of members of the American Psychoanalytic Association, which is the authoritative body of psychoanalysis in this country. It is also difficult to say where suggestive and educational psychotherapy, psycho¬ analytic psychotherapy, and "true psychoanalysis" begin or end, for they merge imperceptibly into one another. Deviations of Freud's followers from his so-called classic psychoanalysis began early in this century and have continued up to the present time, giving rise to numerous schools. I am sure that each of these schools using some form of psychoanalysis, which might not be considered psychoanalysis by other schools, can claim good results. The statistical method of evaluation is practically worthless because of the great number of variables in any psychotherapeutic or psychoanalytic procedure. The speaker suggested a candid pooling of experience by senior psychoanalysts and pointed out that weaknesses in psychoanalytic therapy might be eliminated if more frequent consultation were instituted in psychoanalysis. He stated the belief that it should become a custom that when a patient has been in classic psychoanalysis for 200 hours or in psychoanalytic psychotherapy for three years his case should be reviewed in seminar form with three senior analysts, for all analysts, includ¬ ing the speaker, have their unavoidable blind spots.

With the recent, rapidly progressing interest in the basal ganglions one finds the literature on the histology, pathology and function of these structures becoming remarkably extensive. Experimental evidence, however, to support the theories of the functions of the basal ganglions, is lacking. In Wilson's 1 comprehensive review in Brain , 1914, he not only gives the results of his experimental work but outlines the literature from the year 1667 when Thomas Willis considered the corpora striata to be the seat of the sensorium. This review is so complete and well known that it would be but a repetition to give another historical sketch here. It is evident, however, that in his experiments he did not produce the symptomatology now attributed to lesions of the basal ganglions. Possibly this was due to confusion of the picture by gross lesions in the corticospinal tracts, or to the fact that the lesions were too

De Jong 1 of Amsterdam demonstrated that the tremor of paralysis agitans may be controlled by the use of bulbocapnin, and by administering larger doses of this drug to cats he produced a syndrome simulating catatonia. He first reported this work from the Binnen-Gasthuis of Amsterdam. His original problem was the experimental production of catatonia, and followed the work of Frolich and Meyer on "Katalepsie." 2 Bulbocapnin is one of eleven alkaloids from Corydalis cava . The nineteenth edition of the United States Dispensatory gives four alkaloids in this plant, one of which is bulbocapnin, but Gademar of Marburg has isolated eleven. He has developed a process by which the pure alkaloid may be isolated from the plant. The bulbocapnin of the United States Dispensatory, being combined with other alkaloids, is extremely toxic, and should not be used in the doses herein mentioned. De Jong obtains his bulbocapnin from Gademar, and