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Optimal quality of professional life can allow coping with stressful situations and avoiding fatigue. This is instrumental in jobs undergoing very demanding situations, such as nurses working in Emergency Departments. In this study, we investigated the relationship between functional and physiological indicators and the quality of professional life in nurses of Emergency Departments of two public hospitals. Fifty-nine professionals participated in the study. Cortisol (an indicator of stress) and post-test lactate (an indicator of fatigue) were analyzed in saliva and in the blood, respectively, at the beginning and at the end of the morning shift. The CVP-35 survey (Spanish version of the QPL-35 questionnaire) was used to assess the quality of professional life. Post-dynamometry circulating lactate levels increased significantly; meanwhile, salivary cortisol decreased in participants at the end of the working shift. Regarding dynamometry, no significant changes were observed. CVP-35/QPL-35 scores did not show significant changes in participants from both hospitals in all dimensions analyzed. In conclusion, nurses participating in the study displayed adaptation to stress accompanied by an acceptable level of professional quality of life. However, certain fatigue appears at the end of the working day. Altogether, results suggest that a better organization must be implemented at work, improving ergonomic, safe, and healthy conditions.

La demanda de atención en salud mental infanto-juvenil ha aumentado en los últimos años, no sólo en el ámbito ambulatorio sino también en el hospitalario. En la provincia de Soria, donde no existe un dispositivo específico de hospitalización psiquiátrica de niños y adolescentes, se reservan camas en la unidad de adultos para los casos más graves o urgentes. En los últimos 14 años, ha aumentado la demanda de este recurso, disparándose durante los años 2020 y 2021 debido a la situación del estado de alarma por la pandemia COVID-19. Será necesario observar si esta tendencia se mantiene al alza en el futuro. Sin embargo, deja clara la necesidad de reforzar la atención a este grupo poblacional en el área, con recursos específicos de psiquiatría infanto-juvenil

Buildings are currently among the largest consumers of electrical energy with considerable increases in CO2 emissions in recent years. Although there have been notable advances in energy efficiency, buildings still have great untapped savings potential. Within demand-side management, some tools have helped improve electricity consumption, such as energy forecast models. However, because most forecasting models are not focused on updating based on the changing nature of buildings, they do not help exploit the savings potential of buildings. Considering the aforementioned, the objective of this article is to analyze the integration of methods that can help forecasting models to better adapt to the changes that occur in the behavior of buildings, ensuring that these can be used as tools to enhance savings in buildings. For this study, active and passive change detection methods were considered to be integrators in the decision tree and deep learning models. The results show that constant retraining for the decision tree models, integrating change detection methods, helped them to better adapt to changes in the whole building’s electrical consumption. However, for deep learning models, this was not the case, as constant retraining with small volumes of data only worsened their performance. These results may lead to the option of using tree decision models in buildings where electricity consumption is constantly changing.

Currently, the process of evaluating suicide is highly subjective, which limits the efficacy and accuracy of prevention efforts. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a mean of investigating large datasets to identify patterns within 'big data' that can determine the factors on suicide outcomes. Here, we used AI tools to extract the topic from (press and social) media texts. However, news media articles lack of suicide tags. Using tweets with hashtags related to suicide, we trained a neuronal model that identifies if a given text has a suicide-related topic. Our results suggest a high level of impact of suicide cases in the media, and an intrinsic thematic relationship of suicide news. These results pave the way to build more interpretable suicide data from the media, which may help to better track, understand its origin, and improve prevention strategies.

Fifty-one patients suffering an acute episode of schizophrenia and treated with aripiprazole long-acting injectable (ALAI) were chosen to elaborate an observational study in two in-patient units in Spain, in order to examine the effects of early administration during a hospital admission. When treatment with ALAI is administered in the first week of admission (in 31 patients, 60.78%), hospitalization time is significantly reduced, 12.1 days on average. It can be concluded that ALAI is an effective treatment for these patients. Analysis in economic terms and comparison with other LAI antipsychotics are interesting lines for further research.

Calcium and magnesium, together with vitamin D and the hormones testosterone and cortisol, are key elements in muscle function, to maintain physical fitness. This study aims to analyze if supplementation with NO precursors (L-arginine, L-citrulline and beetroot extract) modulates the circulating levels of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D and steroid hormones in elders. Sixty-one volunteers (65.1 years old, 164.6 cm of height and 71.2 kg of weight) susceptible to develop sarcopenia participated in a physical activity program for 6 weeks. Participants were divided into four groups: one placebo and three taking one of the indicated supplements. Physical capacity was assessed through the following tests: (a) distance covered in 6 min by walking (endurance indicator); (b) hand grip (upper-body strength indicator); (c) time to cover 4 m by walking (speed indicator); and (d) time to perform five full squats (lower-body strength indicator). We concluded that there is a disparity in the association of steroid hormones, vitamin D levels and physical fitness. However, a significant inverse correlation between speed and endurance indicators was observed. Higher circulating vitamin D levels were observed in the L-arginine- and beetroot-supplemented groups. In conclusion, vasodilators increase vitamin D circulating levels that, in the long term, could maintain mineral homeostasis, improving muscular function.

Producción Científica, Vaccines are the only way to reduce the morbidity associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The appearance of new mutations urges us to increase the effectiveness of vaccines as a complementary alternative. In this context, the use of adjuvant strategies has improved the effectiveness of different vaccines against virus infections such as dengue, influenza, and common cold. Recent reports on patients infected by COVID-19 reveal that low levels of circulating vitamin D correlate with a severe respiratory insufficiency. The immunomodulatory activity of this micronutrient attenuates the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and at the same time, increases antibody production. Therefore, the present review proposes the use of vitamin D as adjuvant micronutrient to increase the efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: Diagnostic stability is the degree to which a diagnosis remains unchanged during time. Our main objective was to evaluate the diagnostic stability of bipolar disorder (BD) in psychiatric outpatient consultations and determine the socio-demographic variables influencing its stability. Methods: The Cumulative Register of Cases of the Community of Madrid provided data on all outpatient visits conducted at Madrid's Community Mental Healthcare Centers between 1980-2009. Diagnoses were made according to ICD-9/ICD-10 criteria. Two indices were measured: temporal consistency (maintenance of the diagnosis over time) and diagnostic constancy (presence of BD diagnosis in at least 75% of visits). κ coefficient measured the agreement between diagnoses in the first and last evaluations (prospective and retrospective consistency). Results: 14,557 patients were diagnosed with BD for at least 1 evaluation and had at least 10 visits and 1 year of follow-up. At first evaluation, 3,988 patients were diagnosed with BD (prospective consistency 50.8%), and at last evaluation 5,396 patients were diagnosed with BD (retrospective consistency 37.5%). A total of 2,026 patients were diagnosed with BD at their first and last evaluations (prospective consistency 18.3%). Conclusions: This longitudinal study conducted in community mental health centers reflects common diagnostic practices in outpatient settings over a 30-year period (130,000 patient-years). Delay of > 10 years was found to achieve diagnostic stability. Frequent diagnostic shifts were found in relation to BD, the most common being with other affective disorders. Anxiety was also a common misdiagnosis. Greater stability was associated with having been diagnosed after hospitalization, having an age at onset > 25 years, and having an age at diagnosis

Hospital healthcare workers of emergency departments (EDs) face a variety of occupational stressors on a daily basis. We have recently published that emergency professionals display increased salivary levels of α-amylase and dehydroepiandrosterone during the working day. The pattern of these markers may suggest a counteracting mechanism of dehydroepiandrosterone against the stress reflected by amylase increases. In order to verify this hypothesis, we have analysed different psychological aspects in the same group of healthcare professionals through different tests related to behaviours resulting from stress. These include the state-trait anxiety inventory, the self-efficacy test and the sleeping quality questionnaire. The tests were provided at the beginning of the working day and collected at the end. STAI scores (trait and state) were indicative of no anxiety. Self-efficacy scores were considered optimal, as well as those from the sleeping quality questionnaire. This is supported by the modest correlation between STAI scores and salivary levels of α-amylase and dehydroepiandrosterone. In conclusion, the emergency professionals of the studied hospitals seem to have adequate work management. Altogether it means that the stress generated during work performance is controlled, allowing a correct adaptation to the demanding situations undergone in emergency departments.

Scientific evidence supports the role of L-glutamine in improving immune function. This could suggest a possible role of L-glutamine in recovery after intense exercise. To this end, the present report aimed to study if oral L-glutamine supplementation could attenuate muscle damage in a group of players of a mainly eccentric sport discipline such as basketball. Participants (n = 12) were supplemented with 6 g/day of glutamine (G group) or placebo (P group) for 40 days in a crossover study design (20 days with glutamine + 20 days with placebo and vice versa). Blood samples were obtained at the beginning and at the end of each period and markers from exercise-induced muscle damage were determined. The glutamine supplemented group displayed significantly low values of aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase and myoglobin in blood, suggesting less muscle damage compared to the placebo. In addition, adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were lower in the glutamine supplemented group than in the placebo. As a result, the circulating cortisol levels did not increase at the end of the study in the glutamine supplemented group. Altogether, the results indicate that glutamine could help attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage in sport disciplines with predominantly eccentric actions.

We introduce the notion of local pseudo-homomorphism between two topological abelian groups. We prove that it is closely related with the widely studied notions of local cross sections and splitting extensions in the category of topological abelian groups. In the final section we present an example of a non-splitting extension of $$({\mathbb {R}},\tau _\nu )$$ by $${\mathbb {R}}$$ , where $$\tau _\nu $$ is a metrizable group topology on $${\mathbb {R}}$$ weaker than the usual one. This extension admits a local cross section.

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a recently introduced approach to patient evaluation that consists of asking patients questions in real time and in their usual habitat. This method seeks to contribute to suicide prevention by providing psychiatrists with detailed information about suicidal thoughts and behavior, how these fluctuate over short periods of time, and the short-term risk factors presented by patients. We conducted a systematic review of published research using EMA to study suicidal thoughts and behavior. Several systematic reviews of EMA in mental health have been conducted to date, and the literature contains numerous theoretical papers and compilations on EMA and suicide phenomena. To date, however, no systematic reviews have explored the use of this tool to study suicidal thoughts and behavior. We performed a systematic review of five databases (i.e., PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) to identify studies on EMA and suicidal thoughts and behavior. An initial search revealed 544 articles. Following the study selection process, 35 studies were included in the review. Almost three-quarters of the studies were published in the last 4 years. The studies reviewed concluded that EMA was generally feasible and well accepted. EMA findings correlated well with the results of a retrospective assessment, though tended to over-represent symptom severity. Our review points to important aspects of suicidal thoughts and behavior, such as its wide fluctuation over short periods of time. Negative affect and disturbed sleep, among others, emerged as short-term predictors of suicidal thoughts and behavior. Therefore, EMA is a potentially useful tool in clinical practice, although not without drawbacks, such as participant fatigue with questionnaires and ethical concerns.

Aging is associated with a significant decline in neuromuscular function, leading to a reduction in muscle mass and strength. The aim of the present report was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with nitric oxide precursors (l-arginine and beetroot extract) in muscular function during a training period of 6 weeks in elderly men and women. The study (double-blind, placebo-controlled) involved 66 subjects randomly divided into three groups: placebo, arginine-supplemented and beetroot extract-supplemented. At the end of this period, no changes in anthropometric parameters were observed. Regarding other circulating parameters, urea levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in women of the beetroot-supplemented group (31.6 ± 5.9 mg/dL) compared to placebo (41.3 ± 8.5 mg/dL) after 6 weeks of training. In addition, the circulating creatine kinase activity, as an index of muscle functionality, was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in women of the arginine- (214.1 ± 162.2 mIU/L) compared to the beetroot-supplemented group (84.4 ± 36.8 mIU/L) at the end of intervention. No significant effects were noticed with l-arginine or beetroot extract supplementation regarding strength, endurance and SPPB index. Only beetroot extract supplementation improved physical fitness significantly (p < 0.05) in the sprint exercise in men after 6 weeks (2.33 ± 0.59 s) compared to the baseline (2.72 ± 0.41 s). In conclusion, beetroot seems to be more efficient during short-term training while supplementing, preserving muscle functionality in women (decreased levels of circulating creatine kinase) and with modest effects in men.

Producción Científica, Sarcopenia is a process associated to aging. Persistent inflammation and oxidative stress in muscle favour muscle wasting and decreased ability to perform physical activity. Controlled exercise can optimize blood flux and moderate the production of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, supplements that can work as a vasodilators and control oxidative stress, might be beneficial for active elders. In this context, we have tested citrulline supplementation in a group of 44 participants aged from 60–73 years that followed a physical activity program adapted to their age and capacities. Volunteers were divided in two groups: placebo (n = 22) and citrullline supplemented (n = 22). Different physical tests and blood extractions were performed at the beginning and at the end of intervention (six weeks). Strength and endurance showed a tendency to increase in the citrulline supplemented group, with no significant differences respect to placebo. However, walking speed in the citrulline supplemented group improved significantly compared to placebo. Markers of muscle damage as well as circulating levels of testosterone, cortisol and vitamin D showed no significant changes, but a tendency to improve at the end of intervention in the supplemented group compared to placebo. Additional studies are necessary to confirm the effect of citrulline supplementation in sarcopenia delay., Caja Rural de Soria - Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (grant number 190290)

We say that a mapping ω between two topological abelian groups G and H is a pseudo-homomorphism if the associated map ( x , y ) ∈ G × G ↦ ω ( x + y ) − ω ( x ) − ω ( y ) ∈ H is continuous. This notion appears naturally in connection with cross sections (continuous right inverses for quotient mappings): given an algebraically splitting, closed subgroup H of a topological group X such that the projection π : X → X / H admits a cross section, one obtains a pseudo-homomorphism of X / H to H, and conversely. We show that H splits as a topological subgroup if and only if the corresponding pseudo-homomorphism can be decomposed as a sum of a homomorphism and a continuous mapping. We also prove that pseudo-homomorphisms between Polish groups satisfy the closed graph theorem. Several examples are given.

We present several conditions on topological groups G and H under which every discontinuous homomorphism of G to H preserves accumulation points of open sets in G. It is also proved that every (locally) precompact abelian group admits a strictly finer zero-dimensional (locally) precompact topological group topology of the same weight as the original one.

The objective is to systematically review previous literature on the diagnostic stability of schizophrenia, particularly to investigate prospective and retrospective consistency. We carried out a systematic literature search in PubMed and other minor sources from 1980 to July 2017. Specifically, prospective and retrospective consistency were examined. Thirty-nine studies were included, 5 focused on schizophrenia, 23 on psychotic episodes and 11 on psychiatric disorders in general. Samples sizes range from 60 to 10 058 subjects (total N = 39 965). The majority of studies (n = 26, 66.67%) were performed in Europe and North America and they had a prospective design (n = 27, 69.23%), with a median follow-up of 3 years. Prospective and retrospective consistency means were 84.29% and 67.15% respectively. Diagnostic change was also frequently measured (n = 12, mean 31.28%). The factors more commonly associated with diagnostic stability were: male sex, older age at the study inception, older age at onset, late stages of illness, family history of mental illness, poorer functioning and longer length of stay. Schizophrenia was found to have high diagnostic stability over time, although research on this topic is mainly focused in first psychotic episodes. More standardized methods are needed to further research diagnostic stability of schizophrenia over time and its determinants.

Objective: The work of health professionals in hospital emergency rooms is highly demanding due to the decisions they must take. In the present study, we consider assessing stress response in emergency health workers, measuring related biomarkers such as cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and salivary α-amylase during the whole working day. Method: An analytical, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. The study was conducted in the emergency rooms of two public hospitals. Ninety-seven professionals participated, 45 corresponding to one hospital and 52 to the other. Four salivary samples were obtained according to circadian rhythms: at 8:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 00:00 h/24 h. The data were subsequently analyzed. Results: Cortisol levels decreased throughout the working day, with minimum values being at 24 h. A similar pattern was observed in DHEA. The α-amylase levels increased throughout the working day, reaching its peak at 15:00 h, and decreasing at 24 h, compared to the data from the rest of the working day. Conclusions: Since reference/baseline values are not presented, this work is focused on a stress situation experienced during one regular working day in emergency rooms with no extreme situations. In this context, stress, measured through cortisol and α-amylase, is present in emergency room doctors and nurses. However, the increase in DHEA, due to its anabolic condition, could counteract their effect, suggesting a positive effect on their professional actions.

This paper deals with the splitting of extensions of topological abelian groups. Given topological abelian groups G and H, we say that Ext ( G , H ) is trivial if every extension of topological abelian groups of the form 1 → H → X → G → 1 splits. We prove that Ext ( A ( Y ) , K ) is trivial for any free abelian topological group A ( Y ) over a zero-dimensional k ω -space Y and every compact abelian group K. Moreover we show that if K is a compact subgroup of a topological abelian group X such that the quotient group X / K is a zero-dimensional k ω -space, then there exists a continuous cross section from X / K to X. In the second part of the article we prove that Ext ( G , H ) is trivial whenever G is a product of locally precompact abelian groups and H has the form T α × R β for arbitrary cardinal numbers α and β. An analogous result is true if G = ∏ i ∈ I G i where each G i is a dense subgroup of a maximally almost periodic, Cech-complete group for which both Ext ( G i , R ) and Ext ( G i , T ) are trivial.

This paper is devoted to the study of the group ${\rm Ext} (G,H)$ of all extensions of topological abelian groups $0\to H\to X\to G\to 0$ and the group ${\rm Ext}_{TVS} (Z,Y)$ of all extensions of topological vector spaces $0\to Y\to X\to Z\to 0$. We focus on their behaviour under taking products, countable coproducts, dense subgroups and open subgroups. Finally, we apply the obtained properties to formulate in a more general setting some known results in the category of locally compact abelian groups and to determine conditions in which being a topological vector space is a three space property., Accepted in Topology and Its Applications