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[EN] The definition and measurement of digital skills and competences needed to succeed in the 21st century context has been a widely researched topic within the last years. Academics and professionals consider that it has an increasing importance due to the process of digital transformation in which the organisations and society are immersed, which is pushing to achieve a knowledge society. For these reasons, a bibliometric analysis of the topic plays a key role to have a big picture of the conducted research since the date and establish key countries, authors and journals which lead the investigation on the topic. Moreover, the analysis of the knowledge frontier and research gaps has discovered the stage in which this research line is situated and the needs for the establishment of future research guidelines

[EN] The world today is constantly changing and evolving. The industry 4.0 revolution, digitisation, the arrival of the Internet of Things and the global health emergency caused by the Covid-19 crisis, are factors that have made companies have to adapt their business models and forms working to this new reality. For this reason, the need for improvement and adaptation of skills of employees and organisational capabilities is no longer a competitive advantage but necessary to survive. Digital competences, 21st century skills and digital leadership are concepts that have been widely studied theoretically in the last ten years. In addition, some empirical studies have established causal hypotheses between factors related to the skills of employees and company variables. Resilience, organisational learning capacity, agility, work engagement and motivation are the key factors that companies must promote and ensure among their employees for a correct evolution and adaptation to this new global situation.

Universities, business schools and other higher education institutions all over the world are experiencing deep changes in the way they work and interrelate with their ‘clients’, i.e. students and their relatives, alumni and donors, faculty and staff members, because these constituents are demanding more attention through different channels as well as immediate response and service. Technology - materialized in the form of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems - is the great promise for solving these demands.This article summarizes the features a CRM system should possess to make educational institutions thrive in the current digital era, and points out the future trends on this topic. The final objective is neither an analysis of the applications available on the market nor a selection guide, but a recommendation for the end users to utilize a CRM system when considering achieving some of the business needs implied in the features available on these CRMs.

[ES] Este estudio plantea la relación y el posible efecto cruzado de las redes sociales online, los estilos de liderazgo y la capacidad de aprendizaje organizativo en las empresas turísticas, que forman parte de un sector clave para la economía española. La revisión de la literatura describe cómo el uso de las redes sociales online permite a las empresas dialogar con sus clientes, pero también facilita a los empleados participar en la gestión del conocimiento conversacional y colaborativo, modelos que por su parte enriquecen sus procesos cognitivos y creativos. Los resultados muestran la importancia de que el líder incorpore no sólo las herramientas sino la filosofía de las redes sociales dentro de la cultura de su empresa como herramienta de comunicación, colaboración y gestión del conocimiento para los miembros de su empresa, para él mismo y para el nuevo consumidor: el turista 3.0, un usuario digital activo que se ha convertido en productor de contenidos y de tendencias, al compartir sus impresiones de viaje y sus recomendaciones sobre empresas, productos y servicios., [CA] Aquest estudi planteja la relació i el possible efecte creuat de les xarxes socials en línia, els estils de lideratge i la capacitat d'aprenentatge organitzatiu en les empreses turístiques, que formen part d'un sector clau per a l'economia espanyola. La revisió de la literatura descriu com l'ús de les xarxes socials en línia permet a les empreses dialogar amb els seus clients, però també facilita als empleats participar en la gestió del coneixement conversacional i col·laboratiu, models que per la seua banda enriqueixen els seus processos cognitius i creatius. Els resultats mostren la importància que el líder incorpori no només les eines sinó la filosofia de les xarxes socials dins de la cultura de la seua empresa com a eina de comunicació, col·laboració i gestió del coneixement per als membres de la seva empresa, per a ell mateix i per el nou consumidor: el turista 3.0, un usuari digital actiu que s'ha convertit en productor de continguts i de tendències, en compartir les seues impressions de viatge i les seues recomanacions sobre empreses, productes i serveis., [EN] This study raises the relationship and the possible cross effect of online social networks, leadership styles and organizational learning capacity in tourism companies, which are part of a key sector for the Spanish economy. The review of the literature describes how the use of online social networks allows companies to dialogue with their clients, but also facilitates employees to participate in their knowledge management in a conversational and collaborative way, models that in turn enrich their cognitive and creative processes. The results show the importance of the leader incorporating not only the tools, but also the philosophy of the social networks within the culture of his company as a tool of communication, collaboration and knowledge management for the members of his company, for himself and for the new consumer: the tourist 3.0, an active digital user who has become a producer of content and trends, by sharing his impressions of travel and his recommendations on companies, products and services.

The impact of online social networks has been extensive because of the new way they enable not only in terms of the relation, communication and collaboration among people, but also between people and businesses. So much so, their use is already habitual within organizations, known as Corporate Social Networks, in order to achieve the same benefits.The present study aims to analyze the advantages these corporate social networks have in the classroom seen as a micro-organization where a group of students interact, work and collaborate during a master´s or postgraduate course. To support this research, during 2015 a corporate social network (Yammer) has been introduced to 5 groups of students of various master´s in the prestigious business school ESIC. The feedback obtained from those students and some examples of classroom dynamics prove the usefulness and great value of a corporate social network in postgraduate classes, although some common difficulties and considerations raised by the students themselves have to be taken into account in order to manage its optimal adoption in class.This study also tries to propose some guidelines and best practices obtained as a result of the experience of use and the adoption of social networks in class in order to improve the learning process and innovate in the methodology applied to education.

This paper reviews the main leadership styles and analyzes their effect on entrepreneurship. They determine how the relationship of entrepreneurs with their work teams is key to achieving higher organizational performance. It also analyzes under what circumstances a particular leadership style may be more appropriate depending on the environment of each company. The leaders of an organization must commit to the digital transformation of the organization and, therefore, promote the improvement of its efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability and innovation.

The aim of this article is to offer a review of the impact the different methodologies of analysis have on social enterprises, focusing the study on processes that establish a greater universality based on the degree of success achieved in their social objectives, the social reinvestment of their benefits and their democratic organisation, parameters that should favour the creation of a clear and simple method, as well as adaptable to change. The systematics will allow to establish systems for the measurement of the efficiency of social enterprises, in order to both organise objective procedures of comparison and offer support when applying for public aid derived from European and national funds set up for this purpose. The quantification of the social impact of the companies that constitute the social economy is vital to assess and follow up on their social mission.