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En su último poemario (2020), la poeta y filósofa Chantal Maillard reescribe el «prosopomito» de Medea. En este largo monólogo dramático, Maillard proyecta su concepto ético de «compasión», acuñado en su ensayo La compasión difícil (2019), sobre la maga de Yolco. Analizaremos los mitemas del «prosopomito» de Medea que aparecen a lo largo del poemario y observaremos hasta qué punto y de qué modo se emplean para explicar y ejemplarizar el concepto de «compasión». Para ello utilizamos la terminología filosófica en torno al mal y la compasión establecida por María Zambrano, Ana Carrasco-Conde y la propia Maillard.

In recent years, pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivation is undergoing a great expansion in Spain, which is promising for regions where water and winter chilling are not limiting. Many areas of Castilla y León (Spain) provide suitable conditions for pistachio production, but heat requirement could be a limiting factor. The aims of this study were (i) to investigate the status of pistachios in Castilla y León and the relationships between phenology and agroclimatic conditions and (ii) to assess the performance of three pistachio cultivars (‘Kerman’, ‘Lost Hills’, and ‘Golden Hills’) in a plantation within this region. This work describes the phenological and productive behavior of three pistachio varieties in seven orchards over three years. The chilling requirements were exceeded, and heat accumulation was sufficient to complete the cycle in all seasons. Bloom and harvest occurred later in ‘Kerman’ than in ‘Golden Hills’ and ‘Lost Hills’. In general, ‘Kerman’ had higher nut yield than the other two cultivars but also had more non-split and blank nuts, aspects that should be considered for future plantations. Despite the interannual variability in yield, a trend to increase the production with water received was observed, but this also affected the quality and modified the splitting percentage.

Postmortem body curvature introduces error in fish morphometric data. Compared to living fish, the causes of such body curvature in fossils may be due to additive taphonomic processes that have been widely studied. However, a protocol that helps to correct its effect upon morphometric data remains unexplored. Here, we test two different mathematical approaches (multivariate regression and the so-called ‘unbending functions’) available to tackle fish geometric morphometric data in two exceptionally preserved gonorynchiformes fossil fishes, Rubiesichthys gregalis and Gordichthys conquensis, from the Las Hoyas deposits (Early Cretaceous, Spain). Although both methods successfully correct body curvature (i.e., removing misleading geometric variation), our results show that traditional approaches applied in living fishes might not be appropriate to fossil ones, because of the additional anatomical alterations. Namely, the best result for 2D fossil fishes is achieved by correcting the arching of the specimens (mathematically “unbending” them). Ultimately, the effect of body curvature on morphometric data is largely taxon independent and morphological diversity mitigates its effect, but size is an important factor to take into account (because larger individuals tend to be less curved).

The research explores the relationship between sexism and homophobia in adolescents of a public educational institution in Chimbote. The research design was descriptive-correlational with a sample of 406 students, including boys and girls, from 1st to 5th level of secondary education. They were evaluated using the Acosta's Adaptation (2010) of the Sexism Detection Scale (Ramos, Cuadrado and Recio 2007), and the Paredes' Adaptation (2013) of the Modern Homophobia Scale (Raja and Stokes 2005). The results of the study exhibit a very significant, direct and strong relationship indicating that the greater sexism in adolescents, the more homophobic attitudes they show. A correlation of (r = 0.641** p <0.01) was obtained for hostile sexism and homophobia toward gays, while a correlation of (r = 0. 658** p <0.01) was obtained for hostile sexism and homophobia toward lesbians. A correlation of (r = 0.574** p <0.01) was obtained for benevolent and sexism and homophobia toward gays, while a correlation of (r = 0.646** p <0.01) was obtained for benevolent sexism and homophobia toward lesbians. There are levels of sexism by gender, a high level of hostile and benevolent sexism for male population with 14.1% and 15.7%, respectively. In addition, there are levels of homophobia by gender in adolescents toward gays and lesbians with 35.3% and 25.3%, respectively.

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) has earned recognition as a significant crop due to its unique nutrient composition and its adaptability to the growing threat of climate change. Consequently, the utilization of remote sensing techniques for non-invasive pistachio monitoring has become critically important. This research was conducted in two pistachio orchards located in Spain, aiming to assess the effectiveness of vegetation indices (VIs) in estimating nut yield and quality under various irrigation conditions. To this end, high-resolution multispectral and thermal imagery were gathered using a Micasense ALTUM sensor carried by a DJI Inspire 2 drone in order to calculate the NDRE (normalized difference red edge index), GNDVI (green normalized difference vegetation index), NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), and CWSI (crop water stress index). Each orchard underwent two flights at distinct growth stages, totaling four flights. In June, NDRE-carbohydrates (r = 0.78) and CWSI-oleic (r = 0.77) showed the highest correlations, while in September, CWSI-carbohydrates (r = 0.62) and NDVI-iron (r = 0.54) Despite NDVI’s limitations due to saturation effects, all VIs had significant yield and quality correlations, with GNDVI proving most effective in both flights. CWSI correlated considerably on both dates in terms of several quality parameters (carbohydrate percentage, magnesium, iron, and fatty acids, namely palmitoyl, stearic, oleic, and linoleic), surpassing non-thermal indices. Finally, it is important to consider the impact of environmental factors, such as the location of the sun, when interpreting the CWSI, as it modifies the temperature distribution pattern within the canopy. This study supports the viability of remote sensing and vegetation indices as potential tools for enhancing the management of pistachio orchards.

We describe a trackway (LH-Mg-10-16) occurring in laminated carbonated limestones of the Las Hoyas locality, Serranía de Cuenca, Spain. It is unmistakably a large theropod dinosaur trackway encompassing two unusual aspects, namely, wide-steps, and a set of equally deformed left footprints (with a dislocated digit). The layer also preserves other vertebrate trails (fish Undichna) and different impressions in the sediment. To address these complex settings, we devised a multidisciplinary approach, including the ichnological and taphonomical descriptions, characterisation of the rock lithofacies using thin-sections, 3D structured-light digitalisation with a high precision of 200-400 μm, and a geometric morphometric comparison with a large sample of bipedal dinosaur trackways. Sedimentary analyses showed that the trackway was produced in a humid, benthonic microbial mat, the consistency and plasticity of which enabled the preservation of the details of the movement of the animal. The results of the geometric analysis indicate that the "wide-steps" of the trackway is not unusual compared to other trackways, providing evidence that it was made by a single individual with an estimated hip height approximately 2 m. Analogous pathologies in extant archosaurs that yield the combination of wide steps and deformed digits in the same trackway were considered. All results mutually support the hypothesis that a large theropod dinosaur, with a pathological foot, generated the trackway as it crossed an area of shallow water while slowly walking towards the main water source, thus stepping steadily over the benthonic mat over which multiple fish were swimming.

Almond cultivation in the Mediterranean area has undergone important changes leading to the current trend of intensification. In this scenario, low-vigor rootstocks have recently been developed, such as the ‘Rootpac®’ series, but knowledge about the rootstock’s influence on adaptation to high-density planting systems is very scarce. The objective of this work was to assess the morphological and physiological response of four almond cultivars grafted on ‘Rootpac-20’. To this end, one-year-old almond plants (Prunus dulcis (Mill) D. A. Webb.) cv ‘Penta’ (P), ‘Guara’ (G), ‘Vialfas’ (V) and ‘Soleta’ (S) were grown in pots, irrigated at field capacity (from June to September). Plant height and trunk diameter were measured periodically, and the water use efficiency of production was determined at the end of the trial. Evapotranspiration was measured throughout the experiment. The trunk diameter was greater in S and G at the end of the trial. Similarly, the tallest plants were G while the shortest ones were P. In general, G and S had a higher water use efficiency than V and P. ‘Soleta’ grafted on ‘Rootpac-20’ had higher evapotranspiration values (+25%), which is an important issue when selecting plant material, especially in the case of limited water availability for irrigation.

A total of 248 UAV RGB images were taken in the summer of 2021 over a representative pistachio orchard in Spain (X: 341450.3, Y: 4589731.8; ETRS89/UTM zone 30N). It is a 2.03 ha plot, planted in 2016 with Pistacia vera L. cv. Kerman grafted on UCB rootstock, with a NE–SW orientation and a 7 × 6 m triangular planting pattern. The ground was kept free of any weeds that could affect image processing. The photos (provided in JPG format) were taken using a UAV DJI Phantom Advance quadcopter in two flight missions: one planned to take nadir images (β = 0°), and another to take oblique images (β = 30°), both at 55 metres above the ground. The aerial platform incorporates a DJI FC6310 RGB camera with a 20 megapixel sensor, a horizontal field of view of 84° and a mechanical shutter. In addition, GCPs (ground control points) were collected. Finally, a high-quality 3D photogrammetric reconstruction process was carried out to generate a 3D point cloud (provided in LAS, LAZ, OBJ and PLY formats), a DEM (digital elevation model) and an orthomosaic (both in TIF format). The interest in using remote sensing in precision agriculture is growing, but the availability of reliable, ready-to-work, downloadable datasets is limited. Therefore, this dataset could be useful for precision agriculture researchers interested in photogrammetric reconstruction who want to evaluate models for orthomosaic and 3D point cloud generation from UAV missions with changing flight parameters, such as camera angle.

Interest in pistachios has increased in recent years due to their healthy nutritional profile and high profitability. In pistachio trees, as in other woody crops, the volume of the canopy is a key factor that affects the pistachio crop load, water requirements, and quality. However, canopy/crown monitoring is time-consuming and labor-intensive, as it is traditionally carried out by measuring tree dimensions in the field. Therefore, methods for rapid tree canopy characterization are needed for providing accurate information that can be used for management decisions. The present study focuses on developing a new, fast, and low-cost technique, based on two main steps, for estimating the canopy volume in pistachio trees. The first step is based on adequately planning the UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) flight according to light conditions and segmenting the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) imagery using machine learning methods. The second step is based on measuring vegetation planar area and ground shadows using two methodological approaches: a pixel-based classification approach and an OBIA (object-based image analysis) approach. The results show statistically significant linear relationships (p < 0.05) between the ground-truth data and the estimated volume of pistachio tree crowns, with R2 > 0.8 (pixel-based classification) and R2 > 0.9 (OBIA). The proposed methodologies show potential benefits for accurately monitoring the vegetation of the trees. Moreover, the method is compatible with other remote sensing techniques, usually performed at solar noon, so UAV operators can plan a flexible working day. Further research is needed to verify whether these results can be extrapolated to other woody crops.

Los cultivos de cobertura (CC) se siembran entre dos cultivos de cosecha y podrían contribuir a mitigar la degradación física del suelo en sistemas agrícolas simplificados. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto de distintos CC sobre la estabilidad estructural del suelo luego de seis años de rotación soja-maíz bajo siembra directa y se exploró su efecto sobre algunos factores que intervienen en la agregación del suelo. En un ensayo de larga duración con distintas especies incorporadas como CC se tomaron muestras de suelo y se determinó carbono orgánico del suelo (COS), glomalinas y estabilidad de agregados usando el método Le Bissonnais. La estabilidad estructural fue 20-25% mayor en las rotaciones con CC que en el testigo sin CC. El uso de cebadilla, avena, vicia y avena+vicia como CC produjo mayor estabilidad estructural que ryegrass, cebada y el testigo luego del pretratamiento de humectación rápida. Las gramíneas, excepto cebadilla, presentaron mayor estabilidad estructural que el testigo luego del pre-tratamiento de desagregación mecánica y no hubo diferencias en estabilidad luego del pre-tratamiento de humectación lenta. El carbono orgánico del suelo explicó el 49% de la variación de estabilidad estructural luego del pre-tratamiento de humectación rápida. El contenido de glomalinas en el suelo permitió explicar 60 y 70% de la variación de estabilidad luego de los pre-tratamientos de humectación lenta y rápida, respectivamente, y la relación C/N de la biomasa aérea de los CC explicó la variación de estabilidad luego del pretratamiento de desagregación mecánica (R²= 0,70). En el mediano plazo, los CC mejoraron la estabilidad estructural del suelo través de la disminución del estallido de los agregados (cebadilla, vicia, avena, avena+vicia) y a través de la protección del suelo contra el impacto de la gota de lluvia por la perdurabilidad del rastrojo (ryegrass, cebada, avena).

Luego de la entrada en vigencia del Decreto Legislativo 1113, surgió la discusión jurídica sobre la constitucionalidad de la prescripción de la acción de la Administración tributaria para cobrar las deudas tributarias. Ello a raíz de que el cómputo del plazo de prescripción habría empezado a computarse antes de la entrada en vigencia de esa norma. En este artículo, los autores indagan los fundamentos constitucionales de la prescripción, analizan la figura de la prescripción de la acción de cobro de la Administración tributaria, verifican la aplicación de esta norma en el tiempo y realizan un test de ponderación sobre los valores constitucionales en pugna.

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Over global world, the competitive of the nations must be an internal structure for increase and sustainable the rich of the people. This structure should make sustained growth through the generation of proprietary technology; have a facilitator for the creation and enterprise development. A university linked with companies to solve problems and a firm that helps companies to grow new businesses. A whole system (Government-University-Industry) is called the Triple Helix of Development (THD). This paper reviews the actions of the Thd in recent years, in countries of Korea, China and Mexico. Korea have durable support of United States over the Civil War. At the end United States and Japan make cooperation for the creation of technology and export products to these countries. Providing capital to Korea to generate their own technology resources through foreign investment. China creates a model, which aims by 2020 to generate 30% of its own resources in basic research. Mexico begins to generate emerging technology products by supporting the Fund for Small and Medium Enterprises established the National System of Incubators and generates programs with universities and business entrepreneurs with the federal government creates financial support for the creation of industrial clusters.