Search

Your search keyword '"Hughes N"' showing total 1,335 results
Start Over Author "Hughes N"
1,335 results on '"Hughes N"'

1. Buoy measurements of strong waves in ice amplitude modulation: a signature of complex physics governing waves in ice attenuation

Author

Rabault, J., Halsne, T., Carrasco, A., Korosov, A., Voermans, J., Bohlinger, P., Debernard, J. B., Müller, M., Breivik, Ø., Nose, T., Hope, G., Collard, F., Herlédan, S., Kodaira, T., Hughes, N., Zhang, Q., Christensen, K. H., Babanin, A., Dreyer, L. W., Palerme, C., Aouf, L., Christakos, K., Jensen, A., Röhrs, J., Marchenko, A., Sutherland, G., Løken, T. K., and Waseda, T.

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

The Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) forms a critical transition region between the ocean and sea ice cover as it protects the close ice further in from the effect of the steepest and most energetic open ocean waves. As waves propagate through the MIZ, they get exponentially attenuated. Unfortunately, the associated attenuation coefficient is difficult to accurately estimate and model, and there are still large uncertainties around which attenuation mechanisms dominate depending on the conditions. This makes it challenging to predict waves in ice attenuation, as well as sea ice breakup and dynamics. Here, we report in-situ observations of strongly modulated waves-in-ice amplitude, with a modulation period of around 12 hours. We show that simple explanations, such as changes in the incoming open water waves, or the effect of tides and currents and bathymetry, cannot explain for the observed modulation. Therefore, the significant wave height modulation observed in the ice most likely comes from a modulation of the waves-in-ice attenuation coefficient. To explain this, we conjecture that one or several waves-in-ice attenuation mechanisms are periodically modulated and switched on and off in the area of interest. We gather evidence that sea ice convergence and divergence is likely the factor driving this change in the waves in ice attenuation mechanisms and attenuation coefficient, for example by modulating the intensity of floe-floe interaction mechanisms.

Published
2024

7. How to talk (and not to talk) about school shootings

Author

Scheper-Hughes, N

Subjects
Anthropology, Curatorial and Related Studies, Historical Studies
Abstract

In this guest editorial, the author addresses the latest school shootings at the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida. This event is weighed up against reports written by prominent academics, including anthropologists, during previous school shootings.

Published
2018

9. A Tale of Two Cities: The Exploration of the Trieste Public Psychiatry Model in San Francisco

Author

Portacolone, E, Segal, SP, Mezzina, R, Scheper-Hughes, N, and Okin, RL

Subjects
Psychiatry
Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the “Trieste model” of public psychiatry is one of the most progressive in the world. It was in Trieste, Italy, in the 1970s that the radical psychiatrist, Franco Basaglia, implemented his vision of anti-institutional, democratic psychiatry. The Trieste model put the suffering person—not his or her disorders—at the center of the health care system. The model, revolutionary in its time, began with the “negation” and “destruction” of the traditional mental asylum (‘manicomio’). A novel community mental health system replaced the mental institution. To achieve this, the Trieste model promoted the social inclusion and full citizenship of users of mental health services. Trieste has been a collaborating center of the WHO for four decades with a goal of disseminating its practices across the world. This paper illustrates a recent attempt to determine whether the Trieste model could be translated to the city of San Francisco, California. This process revealed a number of obstacles to such a translation. Our hope is that a review of Basaglia’s ideas, along with a discussion of the obstacles to their implementation, will facilitate efforts to foster the social integration of persons with mental disorders across the world.

Published
2015

10. Planck early results. III. First assessment of the Low Frequency Instrument in-flight performance

Author

Mennella, A., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Davis, R. J., Dick, J., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Gregorio, A., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lawrence, C. R., Leach, S., Leahy, J. P., Lowe, S., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Martínez-González, E., Meinhold, P. R., Morgante, G., Pearson, D., Perrotta, F., Polenta, G., Poutanen, T., Sandri, M., Seiffert, M. D., Suur-Uski, A. -S., Tavagnacco, D., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Valiviita, J., Villa, F., Watson, R., Wilkinson, A., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Aja, B., Artal, E., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Bartolo, N., Battaglia, P., Bennett, K., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Burigana, C., Cabella, P., Cappellini, B., Chen, X., Colombo, L., Cruz, M., Danese, L., D'Arcangelo, O., Davies, R. D., de Gasperis, G., de Rosa, A., de Zotti, G., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Donzelli, S., Efstathiou, G., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Falvella, M. C., Finelli, F., Foley, S., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T. C., Génova-Santos, R. T., George, D., Gómez, F., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gruppuso, A., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Herreros, J. M., Hoyland, R. J., Hughes, N., Jewell, J., Jukkala, P., Juvela, M., Kangaslahti, P., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kilpia, V. -H., Kisner, T. S., Knoche, J., Knox, L., Laaninen, M., Lähteenmäki, A., Lamarre, J. -M., Leonardi, R., León-Tavares, J., Leutenegger, P., Lilje, P. B., López-Caniego, M., Lubin, P. M., Malaspina, M., Marinucci, D., Massardi, M., Matarrese, S., Matthai, F., Melchiorri, A., Mendes, L., Miccolis, M., Migliaccio, M., Mitra, S., Moss, A., Natoli, P., Nesti, R., Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U., Pagano, L., Paladini, R., Paoletti, D., Partridge, B., Pasian, F., Pettorino, V., Pietrobon, D., Pospieszalski, M., Prézeau, G., Prina, M., Procopio, P., Puget, J. -L., Quercellini, C., Rachen, J. P., Rebolo, R., Reinecke, M., Ricciardi, S., Robbers, G., Rocha, G., Roddis, N., Rubiño-Martín, J. A., Savelainen, M., Scott, D., Silvestri, R., Simonetto, A., Sjoman, P., Smoot, G. F., Sozzi, C., Stringhetti, L., Tauber, J. A., Tofani, G., Toffolatti, L., Tuovinen, J., Türler, M., Umana, G., Valenziano, L., Varis, J., Vielva, P., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Watson, C., White, S. D. M., and Winder, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The scientific performance of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) after one year of in-orbit operation is presented. We describe the main optical parameters and discuss photometric calibration, white noise sensitivity, and noise properties. A preliminary evaluation of the impact of the main systematic effects is presented. For each of the performance parameters, we outline the methods used to obtain them from the flight data and provide a comparison with pre-launch ground assessments, which are essentially confirmed in flight., Comment: Published version

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Planck pre-launch status: calibration of the Low Frequency Instrument flight model radiometers

Author

Villa, F., Terenzi, L., Sandri, M., Meinhold, P., Poutanen, T., Battaglia, P., Franceschet, C., Hughes, N., Laaninen, M., Lapolla, P., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Cuttaia, F., D'Arcangelo, O., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Gregorio, A., Leonardi, R., Lowe, S. R., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Morgante, G., Stringhetti, L., Tomasi, M., Valenziano, L., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Aja, B., Artal, E., Balasini, M., Bernardino, T., Blackhurst, E., Boschini, L., Cappellini, B., Cavaliere, F., Colin, A., Colombo, F., Davis, R. J., De La Fuente, L., Edgeley, J., Gaier, T., Galtress, A., Hoyland, R., Jukkala, P., Kettle, D., Kilpia, V-H., Lawrence, C. R., Lawson, D., Leahy, J. P., Leutenegger, P., Levin, S., Maino, D., Malaspina, M., Mediavilla, A., Miccolis, M., Pagan, L., Pascual, J. P., Pasian, F., Pecora, M., Pospieszalski, M., Roddis, N., Salmon, M. J., Seiffert, M., Silvestri, R., Simonetto, A., Sjoman, P., Sozzi, C., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Wilkinson, A., and Winder, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) on-board the ESA Planck satellite carries eleven radiometer subsystems, called Radiometer Chain Assemblies (RCAs), each composed of a pair of pseudo-correlation receivers. We describe the on-ground calibration campaign performed to qualify the flight model RCAs and to measure their pre-launch performances. Each RCA was calibrated in a dedicated flight-like cryogenic environment with the radiometer front-end cooled to 20K and the back-end at 300K, and with an external input load cooled to 4K. A matched load simulating a blackbody at different temperatures was placed in front of the sky horn to derive basic radiometer properties such as noise temperature, gain, and noise performance, e.g. 1/f noise. The spectral response of each detector was measured as was their susceptibility to thermal variation. All eleven LFI RCAs were calibrated. Instrumental parameters measured in these tests, such as noise temperature, bandwidth, radiometer isolation, and linearity, provide essential inputs to the Planck-LFI data analysis., Comment: 15 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Design, development, and verification of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument 70 GHz Front-End and Back-End Modules

Author

Varis, J., Hughes, N. J., Laaninen, M., Kilpia, V. -H., Jukkala, P., Tuovinen, J., Ovaska, S., Sjoman, P., Kangaslahti, P., Gaier, T., Hoyland, R., Meinhold, P., Mennella, A., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Cuttaia, F., Franceschi, E., Leonardi, R., Leutenegger, P., Malaspina, M., Mandolesi, N., Miccolis, M., Poutanen, T., Kurki-Suonio, H., Sandri, M., Stringhetti, L., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., and Valenziano, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

70 GHz radiometer front-end and back-end modules for the Low Frequency Instrument of the European Space Agencys Planck Mission were built and tested. The operating principles and the design details of the mechanical structures are described along with the key InP MMIC low noise amplifiers and phase switches of the units. The units were tested in specially designed cryogenic vacuum chambers capable of producing the operating conditions required for Planck radiometers, specifically, a physical temperature of 20 K for the front-end modules, 300 K for the back-end modules and 4 K for the reference signal sources. Test results of the low noise amplifiers and phase switches, the front and back-end modules, and the combined results of both modules are discussed. At 70 GHz frequency, the system noise temperature of the front and back end is 28 K; the effective bandwidth 16 GHz, and the 1/f spectrum knee frequency is 38 mHz. The test results indicate state-of-the-art performance at 70 GHz frequency and fulfil the Planck performance requirements., Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures. This paper is part of of the prelaunch status Planck LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Thermal susceptibility of the Planck-LFI receivers

Author

Terenzi, L, Salmon, M J, Colin, A, Mennella, A, Morgante, G, Tomasi, M, Battaglia, P, Lapolla, M, Bersanelli, M, Butler, R C, Cuttaia, F, D'Arcangelo, O, Davis, R, Franceschet, C, Galeotta, S, Gregorio, A, Hughes, N, Jukkala, P, Kettle, D, Laaninen, M, Leutenegger, P, Leonardi, R, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Meinhold, P, Miccolis, M, Roddis, N, Sambo, L, Sandri, M, Silvestri, R, Tuovinen, J, Valenziano, L, Varis, J, Villa, F, Wilkinson, A, and Zonca, A

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

This paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst . This paper describes the impact of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument front end physical temperature fluctuations on the output signal. The origin of thermal instabilities in the instrument are discussed, and an analytical model of their propagation and impact on the receivers signal is described. The experimental test setup dedicated to evaluate these effects during the instrument ground calibration is reported together with data analysis methods. Finally, main results obtained are discussed and compared to the requirements., Comment: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Instrumentation. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available online at 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12012

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Advanced modelling of the Planck-LFI radiometers

Author

Battaglia, P., Franceschet, C., Zonca, A ., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., D'Arcangelo, O., Davis, R. J., Galeotta, S., Guzzi, P., Hoyland, R., Hughes, N., Jukkala, P., Kettle, D., Laaninen, M., Leonardi, R., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Meinhold, P., Mennella, A., Platania, P., Terenzi, L., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Villa, F., and Wilkinson, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) is a radiometer array covering the 30-70 GHz spectral range on-board the ESA Planck satellite, launched on May 14th, 2009 to observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) with unprecedented precision. In this paper we describe the development and validation of a software model of the LFI pseudo-correlation receivers which enables to reproduce and predict all the main system parameters of interest as measured at each of the 44 LFI detectors. These include system total gain, noise temperature, band-pass response, non-linear response. The LFI Advanced RF Model (LARFM) has been constructed by using commercial software tools and data of each radiometer component as measured at single unit level. The LARFM has been successfully used to reproduce the LFI behavior observed during the LFI ground-test campaign. The model is an essential element in the database of LFI data processing center and will be available for any detailed study of radiometer behaviour during the survey., Comment: 21 pages, 15 figures, this paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Cryogenic environment and performance for testing the Planck radiometers

Author

Terenzi, L., Lapolla, M., Laaninen, M., Battaglia, P., Cavaliere, F., De Rosa, A., Hughes, N., Jukkala, P., Kilpiä, V. -H., Morgante, G., Tomasi, M., Varis, J., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Ferrari, F., Franceschet, C., Leutenegger, P., Mandolesi, N., Mennella, A., Silvestri, R., Stringhetti, L., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., and Villa, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

This paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst The Planck LFI Radiometer Chain Assemblies (RCAs) have been calibrated in two dedicated cryogenic facilities. In this paper the facilities and the related instrumentation are described. The main satellite thermal interfaces for the single chains have to be reproduced and stability requirements have to be satisfied. Setup design, problems occurred and improving solutions implemented are discussed. Performance of the cryogenic setup are reported., Comment: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in JINST. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available online at 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12015

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Noise Properties of the Planck-LFI Receivers

Author

Meinhold, P., Leonardi, R., Aja, B., Artal, E., Battaglia, P., Bersanelli, M., Blackhurst, E., Butler, C. R., Cuevas, L. P., Cuttaia, F., D'Arcangelo, O., Davis, R., de la Fuente, M. L., Frailis, M., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T., Galeotta, S., Gregorio, A., Hoyland, R., Hughes, N., Jukkala, P., Kettle, D., Laaninen, M., Leutenegger, P., Lowe, S. R., Malaspina, M., Mandolesi, R., Maris, M., Martínez-González, E., Mendes, L., Mennella, A., Miccolis, M., Morgante, G., Roddis, N., Sandri, M., Seiffert, M., Salmón, M., Stringhetti, L., Poutanen, T., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Wilkinson, A., Winder, F., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) radiometers have been tested extensively during several dedicated campaigns. The present paper reports the principal noise properties of the LFI radiometers., Comment: this paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. The linearity response of the Planck-LFI flight model receivers

Author

Mennella, A., Villa, F., Terenzi, L., Cuttaia, F., Battaglia, P., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., D'Arcangelo, O., Artal, E., Davis, R., Frailis, M., Franceschet, C., Galeotta, S., Gregorio, A., Hughes, N., Jukkala, P., Kettle, D., Kilpiä, V. -H., Laaninen, M., Lapolla, P. M., Leonardi, R., Leutenegger, P., Lowe, S., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Meinhold, P., Mendes, L., Miccolis, M., Morgante, G., Roddis, N., Sandri, M., Silvestri, R., Stringhetti, L., Tomasi, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Zacchei, A., Varis, J., Wilkinson, A., and Zonca, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

In this paper we discuss the linearity response of the Planck-LFI receivers, with particular reference to signal compression measured on the 30 and 44 GHz channels. In the article we discuss the various sources of compression and present a model that accurately describes data measured during tests performed with individual radiomeric chains. After discussing test results we present the best parameter set representing the receiver response and discuss the impact of non linearity on in-flight calibration, which is shown to be negligible., Comment: this paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst; This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in JINST. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is available online at 10.1088/1748-0221/4/12/T12011.

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Planck-LFI radiometers' spectral response

Author

Zonca, A, Franceschet, C, Battaglia, P, Villa, F, Mennella, A, D'Arcangelo, O, Silvestri, R, Bersanelli, M, Artal, E, Butler, R C, Cuttaia, F, Davis, R J, Galeotta, S, Hughes, N, Jukkala, P, Kilpia, V-H, Laaninen, M, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Mendes, L, Sandri, M, Terenzi, L, Tuovinen, J, Varis, J, and Wilkinson, A

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) is an array of pseudo-correlation radiometers on board the Planck satellite, the ESA mission dedicated to precision measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background. The LFI covers three bands centred at 30, 44 and 70 GHz, with a goal bandwidth of 20% of the central frequency. The characterization of the broadband frequency response of each radiometer is necessary to understand and correct for systematic effects, particularly those related to foreground residuals and polarization measurements. In this paper we present the measured band shape of all the LFI channels and discuss the methods adopted for their estimation. The spectral characterization of each radiometer was obtained by combining the measured spectral response of individual units through a dedicated RF model of the LFI receiver scheme. As a consistency check, we also attempted end-to-end spectral measurements of the integrated radiometer chain in a cryogenic chamber. However, due to systematic effects in the measurement setup, only qualitative results were obtained from these tests. The measured LFI bandpasses exhibit a moderate level of ripple, compatible with the instrument scientific requirements., Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, this paper is part of the Prelaunch status LFI papers published on JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/jinst

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Planck pre-launch status: Low Frequency Instrument calibration and expected scientific performance

Author

Mennella, A., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Cuttaia, F., D'Arcangelo, O., Davis, R. J., Frailis, M., Galeotta, S., Gregorio, A., Lawrence, C. R., Leonardi, R., Lowe, S. R., Mandolesi, N., Maris, M., Meinhold, P., Mendes, L., Morgante, G., Sandri, M., Stringhetti, L., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Zacchei, A., Zonca, A., Balasini, M., Franceschet, C., Battaglia, P., Lapolla, P. M., Leutenegger, P., Miccolis, M., Pagan, L., Silvestri, R., Aja, B., Artal, E., Baldan, G., Bastia, P., Bernardino, T., Boschini, L., Cafagna, G., Cappellini, B., Cavaliere, F., Colombo, F., de La Fuente, L., Edgeley, J., Falvella, M. C., Ferrari, F., Fogliani, S., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T., Gomez, F., Herreros, J. M., Hildebrandt, S., Hoyland, R., Hughes, N., Jukkala, P., Kettle, D., Laaninen, M., Lawson, D., Leahy, P., Levin, S., Lilje, P. B., Maino, D., Malaspina, M., Manzato, P., Marti-Canales, J., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Mediavilla, A., Pasian, F., Pascual, J. P., Pecora, M., Peres-Cuevas, L., Platania, P., Pospieszalsky, M., Poutanen, T., Rebolo, R., Roddis, N., Salmon, M., Seiffert, M., Simonetto, A., Sozzi, C., Tauber, J., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Wilkinson, A., and Winder, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We give the calibration and scientific performance parameters of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) measured during the ground cryogenic test campaign. These parameters characterise the instrument response and constitute our best pre-launch knowledge of the LFI scientific performance. The LFI shows excellent $1/f$ stability and rejection of instrumental systematic effects; measured noise performance shows that LFI is the most sensitive instrument of its kind. The set of measured calibration parameters will be updated during flight operations through the end of the mission., Comment: Accepted for publications in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2010 (acceptance date: 12 Jan 2010)

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Planck pre-launch status: Design and description of the Low Frequency Instrument

Author

Bersanelli, M., Mandolesi, N., Butler, R. C., Mennella, A., Villa, F., Aja, B., Artal, E., Artina, E., Baccigalupi, C., Balasini, M., Baldan, G., Banday, A., Bastia, P., Battaglia, P., Bernardino, T., Blackhurst, E., Boschini, L., Burigana, C., Cafagna, G., Cappellini, B., Cavaliere, F., Colombo, F., Crone, G., Cuttaia, F., D'Arcangelo, O., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., De Angelis, L., De Gasperis, G. C., De La Fuente, L., De Rosa, A., De Zotti, G., Falvella, M. C., Ferrari, F., Ferretti, R., Figini, L., Fogliani, S., Franceschet, C., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T., Garavaglia, S., Gomez, F., Gorski, K., Gregorio, A., Guzzi, P., Herreros, J. M., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hoyland, R., Hughes, N., Janssen, M., Jukkala, P., Kettle, D., Kilpia, V. H., Laaninen, M., Lapolla, P. M., Lawrence, C. R., Leahy, J. P., Leonardi, R., Leutenegger, P., Levin, S., Lilje, P. B., Lowe, S. R., Lubin, D. Lawson P. M., Maino, D., Malaspina, M., Maris, M., Marti-Canales, J., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., Mediavilla, A., Meinhold, P., Miccolis, M., Morgante, G., Natoli, P., Nesti, R., Pagan, L., Paine, C., Partridge, B., Pascual, J. P., Pasian, F., Pearson, D., Pecora, M., Perrotta, F., Platania, P., Pospieszalski, M., Poutanen, T., Prina, M., Rebolo, R., Roddis, N., Rubino-Martin, J. A., Salmon, n M. J., Sandri, M., Seiffert, M., Silvestri, R., Simonetto, A., Sjoman, P., Smoot, G. F., Sozzi, C., Stringhetti, L., Taddei, E., Tauber, J., Terenzi, L., Tomasi, M., Tuovinen, J., Valenziano, L., Varis, J., Vittorio, N., Wade, L. A., Wilkinson, A., Winder, F., Zacchei, A., and Zonca, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

In this paper we present the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI), designed and developed as part of the Planck space mission, the ESA program dedicated to precision imaging of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Planck-LFI will observe the full sky in intensity and polarisation in three frequency bands centred at 30, 44 and 70 GHz, while higher frequencies (100-850 GHz) will be covered by the HFI instrument. The LFI is an array of microwave radiometers based on state-of-the-art Indium Phosphide cryogenic HEMT amplifiers implemented in a differential system using blackbody loads as reference signals. The front-end is cooled to 20K for optimal sensitivity and the reference loads are cooled to 4K to minimise low frequency noise. We provide an overview of the LFI, discuss the leading scientific requirements and describe the design solutions adopted for the various hardware subsystems. The main drivers of the radiometric, optical and thermal design are discussed, including the stringent requirements on sensitivity, stability, and rejection of systematic effects. Further details on the key instrument units and the results of ground calibration are provided in a set of companion papers., Comment: 23 pages, 31 figures, accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planck LFI technical papers published by JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/-page=extra.proc5/1748-0221

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Advanced pseudo-correlation radiometers for the Planck-LFI instrument

Author

Mennella, A., Bersanelli, M., Butler, R. C., Maino, D., Mandolesi, N., Morgante, G., Valenziano, L., Villa, F., Gaier, T., Seiffert, M., Levin, S., Lawrence, C., Meinhold, P., Lubin, P., Tuovinen, J., Varis, J., Karttaavi, T., Hughes, N., Jukkala, P., Sjman, P., Kangaslahti, P., Roddis, N., Kettle, D., Winder, F., Blackhurst, E., Davis, R., Wilkinson, A., Castelli, C., Aja, B., Artal, E., de la Fuente, L., Mediavilla, A., Pascual, J. P., Gallegos, J., Martinez-Gonzalez, E., de Paco, P., and Pradell, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The LFI (Low Frequency Instrument) on board the ESA Planck satellite is constituted by an array of radiometric detectors actively cooled at 20 K in the 30-70 GHz frequency range in the focal plane of the Planck telescope. In this paper we present an overview of the LFI instrument, with a particular focus on the radiometer design. The adopted pseudo-correlation scheme uses a software balancing technique (with a tunable parameter called gain modulation factor) which is effective in reducing the radiometer susceptibility to amplifier instabilities also in presence of small non-idealities in the radiometric chain components, provided that the gain modulation factor is estimated with an accuracy of the order of 0.2%. These results have been recently confirmed by experimental laboratory measurements conducted on the LFI prototype radiometers at 30, 70 and 100 GHz., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures

Published
2003

29. A concentric circles view of health data relations facilitates understanding of sociotechnical challenges for learning health systems and the role of federated data networks

Author

Milne, R, Sheehan, M, Barnes, B, Kapper, J, Lea, N, N'Dow, J, Singh, G, Martín-Uranga, A, and Hughes, N

Subjects
Federated data access, Ethics, Data, federated data access, trust, Trust, ethics, Distributed data access, Consent, data, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science (miscellaneous), consent, distributed data access, Information Systems
Abstract

The ability to use clinical and research data at scale is central to hopes for data-driven medicine. However, in using such data researchers often encounter hurdles–both technical, such as differing data security requirements, and social, such as the terms of informed consent, legal requirements and patient and public trust. Federated or distributed data networks have been proposed and adopted in response to these hurdles. However, to date there has been little consideration of how FDNs respond to both technical and social constraints on data use. In this Perspective we propose an approach to thinking about data in terms that make it easier to navigate the health data space and understand the value of differing approaches to data collection, storage and sharing. We set out a socio-technical model of data systems that we call the “Concentric Circles View” (CCV) of data-relationships. The aim is to enable a consistent understanding of the fit between the local relationships within which data are produced and the extended socio-technical systems that enable their use. The paper suggests this model can help understand and tackle challenges associated with the use of real-world data in the health setting. We use the model to understand not only how but why federated networks may be well placed to address emerging issues and adapt to the evolving needs of health research for patient benefit. We conclude that the CCV provides a useful model with broader application in mapping, understanding, and tackling the major challenges associated with using real world data in the health setting.

Published
2022

31. Conceptualising innovative lighting interventions for suicide, trespass and risky behaviour on the railway.

Author

Hallewell, MJ, Ryan, B, Hughes, N, and Coad, N

Subjects
SUICIDE prevention, SUICIDE, TRESPASS, RAILROADS, SUICIDE victims
Abstract

Three behaviour types – suicide, trespass and risky behaviours, which can result in entry to railway tracks – present an ongoing challenge to the rail industry for fatality prevention. Many preventative interventions exist, operating at different stages in the timeline of a person's decision to access the tracks to the point that they have entered and remain in the track area. However, there is little understanding of the impacts of interventions on the behaviours in question. This paper outlines the generation of the functional requirements for the use of lighting as safety interventions, which can contribute towards the development and evaluation of such interventions. The study includes the analysis of literature on how lighting has been used to date in the prevention of suicide, trespass and other risky behaviour on railway property. Interviews were carried out with 13 key stakeholders who have expertise in the behaviours in question and awareness of the range of safety interventions used in practice in railway settings. The analysis explores how lighting can be used to influence these different behaviour types. Functionalities that are both theoretically and empirically promising are identified. These functionalities include the need for reactive environmental changes, novelty, ability to influence decision-making and ability to support a human response, for example, through highlighting to staff when someone has entered the tracks. These functionalities offer developers a framework for developing (and subsequently evaluating) a range of novel intervention technologies, which could highlight specific lighting properties that could influence behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Supporting young people's cognition and communication in the courtroom: A scoping review of current practices

Author

Turner, K. and Hughes, N.

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Canada, Cognition, Adolescent, Communication, Australia, Humans, Psychology (miscellaneous), General Medicine, United Kingdom, United States, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Background\ud \ud A recent meta-analysis suggested that the majority of young people in contact with the criminal justice system have cognitive and/or communication impairments. Over the past 20 years, recognition of these complex needs has resulted in support measures being put in place in courtrooms across the globe. It is therefore timely to review evidence for the efficacy of these measures.\ud \ud \ud \ud Aims\ud \ud This scoping review evaluates evidence on support measures employed to facilitate access to court proceedings for individuals with cognition and communication impairments, and considers how this evidence might inform future research and practice.\ud \ud \ud \ud Methods\ud \ud Research databases were searched for studies that: directly or indirectly involved a population with a form of functional impairment and/or diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder; and refer to support delivered to remove barriers or support access to courtroom processes.\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud Searches identified 3,318 distinct articles. Following review, 37 papers were identified for inclusion. The papers were published between 1993 and 2019, with the majority being published since 2010 (n = 23). The majority of papers were from the United Kingdom (n = 26); other countries represented were Australia (n = 1), Canada (n = 3), New Zealand (n = 2), UK papers don't necessarily state which countries involved (n = 2) Scotland specifically state Scotland only and the United States (n = 3). No papers met the criteria for an experimental research design.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud \ud Whilst the high level of need in this population is well established, which support measures are most effective in enabling engagement in court processes is not currently clear. More robust evaluative research is therefore required to establish the most effective methods of support. Despite this lack of evidence regarding outcomes, both young people and professionals generally view support measures favourably. There is an increasing onus on professionals to adapt their practice rather than to support/enhance the cognition and communication skills of young people.

Published
2021

36. Risk stratification of young adult survivors of cancer to estimate hospital morbidity burden: applicability of a pediatric therapy-based approach

Author

Clements, C, Cromie, KJ, Smith, L, Feltbower, RG, Hughes, N, and Glaser, AW

Abstract

Purpose Children and young adults (CYA) are at risk of late morbidity following cancer treatment, with risk varying by disease type and treatment received. Risk-stratified levels of aftercare which stratify morbidity burden to inform the intensity of long-term follow-up care, are well established for survivors of cancer under the age of 18 years, utilizing the National Cancer Survivor Initiative (NCSI) approach. We investigated the applicability of risk-stratified levels of aftercare in predicting long-term morbidity in young adults (YA), aged 18–29 years. Methods Long-term CYA survivors followed-up at a regional center in the North of England were risk-stratified by disease and treatments received into one of three levels. These data were linked with local cancer registry and administrative health data (Hospital Episode Statistics), where hospital activity was used as a marker of late morbidity burden. Results Poisson modelling with incident rate ratios (IRR) demonstrated similar trends in hospital activity for childhood (CH) and YA cancer survivors across NCSI risk levels. NCSI levels independently predicted long-term hospitalization risk in both CH and YA survivors. Risk of hospitalization was significantly reduced for levels 1 (CH IRR 0.32 (95% CI 0.26–0.41), YA IRR 0.06 (95% CI 0.01–0.43)) and 2; CH IRR 0.46 (95% CI 0.42-0.50), YA IRR 0.49 (95% CI 0.37-0.50)), compared with level 3. Conclusions The NCSI pediatric late-effects risk stratification system can be effectively and safely applied to cancer patients aged 18–29, independent of ethnicity or socioeconomic position. Implications for Cancer Survivors To enhance quality of care and resource utilization, long-term aftercare of survivors of YA cancer can and should be risk stratified through adoption of approaches such as the NCSI risk-stratification model.

Published
2021

37. The physical and mental health of young people in detention: A global scoping review

Author

Borschmann, R, Janca, E, Willoughby, M, Fazel, S, Hughes, N, Patton, G, Sawyer, S, Love, A, Puljevic, C, Stockings, E, Hill, N, Hocking, J, Robinson, J, Snow, K, Carter, A, and Kinner, S

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Health (social science), Sociology and Political Science, business.industry, Health Policy, Population, Psychological intervention, Mental health, Integrated care, Systematic review, Health care, Global health, Medicine, business, Psychiatry, education, Adolescent health
Abstract

Introduction: Adolescents detained within the criminal justice system are distinguished by complex health problems, health risk behaviours, and high rates of premature death. We undertook a global synthesis of the evidence regarding the health of this population.Theory/Methods: We searched Embase, PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed, Web of Science, CINCH, Global Health, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Campbell Library, the National Criminal Justice Reference System Abstract Database, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed journal articles that a) reported the prevalence of at least one health outcome in adolescents (aged

Published
2021

42. Trajectories and twists: perspectives on marketing agility from emerging markets

Author

Hughes, N and Chandy, R

Subjects
Marketing, Digital enterprises, AZK, BA
Abstract

Age-old ways of making marketing decisions—caricatured by annual plans, quarterly reports, and inflation-adjusted budgets—are being questioned today, and new, agile, and presumably more effective approaches are being pitched and embraced (see Brown and Eisenhardt 1998; Reis 2011). So it feels timely and right to focus on marketing agility as a research subject, especially as markets are changing dramatically and technology allows us to radically change the way we develop and market products and services. Given this reality, Kalaignanam et al. (2021, hereinafter Kalaignanam et al.) provide a valuable contribution to the field by offering a precise definition of a concept that is—like many concepts that attain buzzword status—too often fuzzily defined and loosely framed. By differentiating marketing agility from other related concepts and highlighting some its drivers and boundary conditions, they have also provided a means for practitioners to think clearly and comprehensively about the concept and to benefit from the insights of others who have implemented the idea. In this commentary, we offer a perspective on Kalaignanam et al. by focusing on digital products in emerging markets. Why? Because just as automakers developing new vehicles assess their robustness and durability in extreme conditions of heat and cold, we aim to assess the robustness and durability of the Kalaignanam et al. perspective on marketing agility in extreme conditions of uncertainty and change. Digital products and emerging markets, for reasons we argue subsequently, represent such extreme conditions in which to assess the idea of marketing agility. Those making decisions in extreme conditions can serve as—to use the memorable phrase of Keynes (1932)—the “advance guard” for others seeking to make agile decisions in periods of great change. Having witnessed and (in the case of Nick Hughes) participated in the dramatic growth of digital products and services in Africa and Asia, we hope to contribute a perspective on marketing agility that assesses and complements Kalaignanam et al.

Published
2021

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results