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Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study examines the current composition of the energy matrix in Colombia, encompassing its legal framework, configuration, impacts, and future projections. This research, based on a systematic literature review, bibliometric analysis, and text mining, reveals that hydroelectric power is the primary source of clean energy. Fossil fuels, although essential for energy availability in the territory, generate the largest carbon footprint, representing a significant environmental challenge. Despite legal efforts and projections towards clean energy, limitations persist in infrastructure, technology, and social acceptance towards energy production projects. The transition to a sustainable energy system requires overcoming these technical, regulatory, and social barriers while integrating legal, environmental, social, and technological aspects into planning to meet the goals of the current matrix's energy transition, which presents a complex landscape that demands comprehensive strategies for a sustainable energy future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigación Bibliotecológica is the property of UNAM, Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Bibliotecologicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El artículo examina los retos a los que se enfrenta la preservación del patrimonio digital de la humanidad en el contexto de una emergencia mundial provocada por el cambio climático. Una parte importante del patrimonio documental creado o transferido a formatos digitales se conserva en e-archivos que utilizan tecnologías y desarrollan prácticas documentales que generan basura tecnológica y producen gases de efecto invernadero (GEI), cuyo rastro se conoce como huella de carbono. Este artículo, sustentado en una investigación cualitativa, expone las variables asociadas a la preservación digital que tienen un impacto sobre el cambio climático. Asimismo, sugiere la noción del e-archivo sustentable, como un sistema de información social y tecnológica, a través del cual se preservan, a largo plazo y de forma responsable con el medioambiente, los documentos digitales que la sociedad considera esenciales para su comprensión en el futuro.

English Heritage (EH) is a large cultural heritage organisation, which cares for 1million artefacts over 136 sites. Preventive conservators and conservation scientists manage a mixture of controlled and uncontrolled historic site environments housing diverse object types. Two fine art conservators manage treatment programmes for easel and wall paintings, gilded frames and gilded furniture. Other objects are managed by preventive conservators and outsourced to private conservation studios for treatment. Sustainability is becoming an increasingly important part of the conservation team's agenda. Measuring and understanding the carbon impact of both the preventive and interventive conservators' work was an important starting point for creating more sustainable solutions. To create a baseline for future monitoring and carbon reduction, carbon footprint studies were undertaken to evaluate the carbon impact of interventive painting conservation treatments; preventive conservation framing (adapting frames and making microclimates for displaying paintings in non-ideal environments); and running conservation (humidistatic) heating vs air conditioning systems in display rooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decree law 5/2024 amends Law 6/2022 on climate change and energy transition in the Canary Islands to streamline the processing of renewable energy and climate adaptation projects. Administrative efficiency measures are introduced and renewable energy penetration targets are established in the Canary Islands. Changes are made to the regulation of the electricity sector and land use to promote energy transition. The regulations also address emission reduction, energy efficiency, and climate change adaptation in the Canary Islands. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Sociology & Technoscience / Sociología y Tecnociencia is the property of Universidad de Valladolid, Escuela Universitaria de Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article relies on the first and only representative survey data to estimate household carbon footprints (CFs) of China's large yet vastly understudied ethnic minority population, documenting for the first time significant ethnic disparities in CFs driven by ethnic minorities' relatively worse-off living standards: From 2010 to 2020, China's ethnic minority population contributed less than 6 percent of residential emissions, about 50 percent less than expected based on population share alone. Next, results from a counterfactual policy analysis find that the distributive effects of a carbon tax are regressive in urban areas but not in rural areas, increasing within and between ethnic group inequality in urban China. A carbon tax with revenue-neutral schemes, by contrast, helps to mitigate existing inequalities in society, reducing income- and ethnic-based forms of inequality. Results are robust to machine learning techniques employed to simulate potential heterogeneous household abatement scenarios. The findings emphasize the potential benefits of a carbon tax, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of climate justice and informing policy decisions that promote equitable outcomes for vulnerable segments of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objetivo] Estimar el potencial de producción de biocombustibles a partir de la licuefacción hidrotérmica (LHT) de residuos biomásicos en Costa Rica y su respectiva huella de carbono. [Metodología] Se estimó el potencial de generación de residuos de biomasa que pueden ser aprovechados para la producción de biocombustibles, mediante el proceso de LHT, utilizando informes de diferentes instituciones como el Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería, la Cámara de Avicultores, Acueductos y Alcantarillados, entre otros. Posteriormente, mediante modelos matemáticos que predicen el rendimiento de biocrudo, según el tipo de biomasa utilizado, se estimó el potencial de la posible producción de biocrudo y su respectivo mejoramiento a biodiésel y sus coproductos (biogasolina y biobúnker). Estos datos se compararon con el consumo actual de combustibles en Costa Rica. Por último, se calculó la huella de carbono del proceso de producción de estos biocombustibles utilizando la norma ISO 14067. [Resultados] Se obtuvo que Costa Rica posee, bajo las suposiciones de este estudio, un potencial de producción de biocrudo, biodiésel, biogasolina y biobúnker de 1 383 299 ton/año, 635 788 ton/año, 295 336 ton/año y 70 140 ton/año, respectivamente. Así mismo, se estimó que las huellas de carbono asociadas a la producción de biodiésel, biogasolina y biobúnker son 14,57 gCO2eq/MJ, 13,88 gCO2eq/MJ y 13,33 gCO2eq/MJ, correspondientemente. [Conclusiones] Se concluyó, bajo las suposiciones de este estudio, que en Costa Rica existe un potencial de reemplazo de combustibles fósiles del 71 %, 43 % y 76 % para biodiésel, biogasolina y biobúnker, comparativamente. También, se estimó que, por medio de esta tecnología (LHT) se podría reducir un 18 %, 36 % y 6 % la huella de carbono al utilizar biodiésel, biogasolina y biobúnker, respectivamente, en lugar de sus correspondientes combustibles fósiles.

Introducción: La reducción de la huella de carbono en todos los sectores es imprescindible como parte de la acción climática, y la ejecución de estrategias específicas incluye el accionar de los servicios de atención sanitaria. Costa Rica se ha destacado por un sólido sistema de salud con enfoque de atención primaria; sin embargo, se documentan pocas evidencias científicas respecto a los roles e impactos del sistema de salud en la reducción de la huella de carbono a nivel nacional. Objetivo: Analizar la producción científica sobre huella de carbono en los servicios de salud a nivel global y contrastarla con la realidad costarricense. Método: Se realizó un mapeo de la literatura en español e inglés en la base de datos Scopus, a partir de términos de tesauros en línea. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión, y se utilizó la herramienta Bibliometrix en el software R para el análisis. Posteriormente, se realizó una revisión integrativa de los documentos seleccionados con apoyo de la plataforma Covidence. Resultados: Se analizaron 46 publicaciones en el análisis bibliográfico y 25 documentos en la revisión de alcance, identificando los temas investigados actualmente para la reducción de la huella de carbono en la atención sanitaria. Estos tópicos incluyen análisis de insumos hospitalarios, gestión de residuos sólidos, técnicas de evaluación de impacto ambiental, diseño de estrategias de sostenibilidad, educación ambiental, infraestructura sanitaria, compras sustentables y consumo energético. Conclusiones: Los estudios, independientemente de la región o país, presentan opciones para mejorar la práctica sanitaria en relación a la huella de carbono, impactando también la salud de las poblaciones. Sin embargo, la mayoría de estos estudios, según la metodología GRADE, presentan baja evidencia debido a las particularidades del diseño metodológico empleado. Las colaboraciones internacionales pueden ser una herramienta útil para avanzar en la implementación de tecnologías y estrategias políticas adaptables a la realidad costarricense, haciendo sostenible el sector salud y, por ende, la atención sanitaria.

Background: The rapid expansion of Iraq's oil and gas sector has resulted in a significant increase in greenhouse gas emissions, which have become a significant environmental concern. Both national environmental sustainability and international environmental obligations necessitate the resolution of these concerns. Objective: This article aims to assist the Iraqi industrial sector in mitigating its carbon emissions by investigating viable strategies for adopting sustainable practices. Methods and Materials: This study employed a mixed-methods analysis of carbon emission patterns over time in three significant sectors -- energy, manufacturing, and agricultural production--as well as the corresponding materials. Two operations research techniques, namely econometric models and emission inventories, were employed to ascertain the comparative significance of distinct industries concerning the nation's carbon footprint. Determining effective strategies for carbon reduction is facilitated by this comprehensive methodology. Results: The results show that Iraq's industrial carbon footprint has increased significantly. Nevertheless, its objective is to mitigate emissions by employing green technology, utilising renewable energy sources, and improving energy efficiency. Conclusions: The article emphasises the criticality of legislative action, international collaboration, and private sector engagement in advancing the sustainability of Iraq's industrial sector. This study demonstrates the significance of operations research in formulating environmental strategies; it offers stakeholders an indispensable road map for comprehending and mitigating the carbon emissions from Iraq's industrial sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the global problem of pollution and climate change through sustainable solutions, highlighting the growth of carbon markets as tools to reduce emissions and improve air quality. The carbon credit initiative is presented as a strategy to counteract air pollution and promote sustainable practices, the proposal is developed in Cereté, Colombia; the proposal explores the feasibility of a business model based on carbon credits, integrating emerging technologies such as blockchain. A mixed research approach is adopted and phases are proposed for the development of the project, including awareness raising, requirements analysis, competition and theoretical models of intervention. Proposals include actions to conserve biodiversity, environmental and technological education, equitable access to business opportunities, social benefits, fair pricing for carbon sequestration, platform security and transparency, and quality auditing, with the objective of protecting the municipality's strategic ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study focuses on knowing the environmental impact in terms of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) in the construction of adobe and brick single-family homes in the district of Aucallama, province of Huaral, Lima. The methodology followed was observational - quasiexperimental. Field studies were carried out, taking necessary data for the analysis of the unit items, these involve all the resources that are needed in the activities of the housing construction process. In order to have accurate and reliable results, calculations of meters and Carbon Footprint have been made with homes designed under the recommendations of the Peruvian Standards. The Carbon Footprint CF calculations were made with the help of Emission Factors from international inventories and national research. The calculations are made for the three processes: production of inputs, transportation, and execution. In the construction of the adobe house, 14 tons of CO2e have been obtained, while for the brick house, 50 tons of CO2e. The low built-in CF of the adobe house is due to the activities and inputs for the construction of those houses, which are handmade and large equipment is not required for each process, which makes it a sustainable house. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of MESO is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: las complicaciones que puede desarrollar la DM2 y las cifras de población no diagnosticadas (6 %) ponen de manifiesto la importancia de realizar cribados a nivel poblacional. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar un programa de detección precoz de DM2 oculta desde la farmacia comunitaria y posterior derivación al médico para determinar el posible diagnóstico, así como evaluar el impacto ambiental de las actuaciones. Material y métodos: cuestionario Findrisc a los pacientes que, cumpliendo con los criterios de inclusión, aceptan participar en el estudio. Se realiza glucemia basal capilar si el resultado es ≥15 puntos y derivación al médico si la glucemia basal es ≥110 mg/dL. Resultados: participaron 44 farmacias. La muestra incluyó 434 usuarios. Se realizó la glucemia a 125 de los 135 pacientes con Findrisc ≥15 puntos, obteniéndose una media de 124,5 mg/dL (DE=33,6). Se de­rivaron al médico 89 pacientes de los que en 13 casos se confirmó el diagnóstico de diabetes, lo que supone un 3 % de la muestra total analizada y un 14,6 % de los derivados. Discusión: los nuevos diagnósticos (3 %) reflejan que la farmacia comunitaria es un buen punto de detección de diabetes oculta. Además, tras analizar la intervención del farmacéutico, se podría indicar su utilidad como educador sanitario, indicando hábitos de vida saludables a aquellos pacientes no susceptibles de derivación al médico. Por otra parte, sería precisa una mayor colaboración médico-farmacéutico en los cribados de diabetes.

En este trabajo se analiza la cobertura periodística de los cibermedios peruanos al reconocimiento del Santuario Histórico de Machu Picchu como el primer atractivo turístico carbono neutral del mundo. El objetivo principal es estudiar la calidad informativa y los encuadres que la Agencia Peruana de Noticias Andina, El Peruano, El Comercio y La República utilizan en los artículos digitales, del 2 de octubre de 2020 al 7 de enero de 2022. Mediante un enfoque mixto, se examinan 48 notas. Los resultados indican que los cibermedios carecen de secciones especializadas en temas ambientales; existe una falta de dinamismo en el uso de géneros, estructuras y niveles narrativos; y los encuadres episódicos y de asuntos fueron más empleados; además, las noticias positivas sobre el medioambiente no son expuestas por los medios tanto como los sucesos dramáticos.

Copyright of Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria is the property of Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario (AIDA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In La Paz Province (Eastern Antioquia, Colombia), hydrangea floriculture has emerged as a significant driver of economic and social development following the post-conf lict situation, offering high value-added contributions to the territory. The objective was to identify both the social and environmental aspects of hydrangea cultivation by small and medium-sized growers, assessing the environmental impacts and externalities across the crop's life cycle. This initiative aimed to foster sustainable growth in f loriculture production under eco-friendly conditions, safeguarding human health, and benefiting local stakeholders. To establish a methodological framework, the study adhered to the requirements and guidelines outlined in ISO 14040 and 14044 standards for environmental life cycle assessment, in addition to utilizing the UNEP Methodological Guide. The research revealed significant findings, highlighting the key environmental impacts affecting hydrangea production throughout its life cycle. These impacts primarily stem from the excessive use of agrochemicals, which pose risks to human health and ecosystems due to alterations in soil properties. Moreover, the reliance on fossil resources (such as plastics and fuels) at various stages of the cultivation process contributes to these impacts. From a social perspective, the study identified stakeholders and critical aspects requiring improvement, including integration, safety, occupational health, proper agrochemical handling, regulatory compliance, and system replacement issues. These challenges underscore the complexity of achieving sustainability, emphasizing the need for specialized technical support and new knowledge for growers. Implementing cost-effective technologies is crucial to mitigate environmental impacts, along with fostering associativity models among hydrangea crop producers, which significantly contribute to enhancing growing conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Correspondencias & Analisis is the property of Universidad de San Martin de Porres and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the study is to estimate the Carbon Footprint of the National University of Jaen (UNJ), for the period 2021. The direct Scope 1 (fuel consumption) and indirect Scope 2 (electricity consumption) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were calculated from CO2, CH4 and N2O produced in 29 administrative offices of the university campus. The methodology used was proposed by the GHG Protocol and ISO 14064-1:2006. For fuel emission factors, the indicators established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were used, and for electrical energy: 1.56E-01 tCO2/MWh, 9.70E-06 tCH4/MWh, 1.20E-06 tN2O/MWh, and specific conversion factors established by the Ministry of the Environment (MINAM) were used. The results show that a total of 29.3937 tCO2eq were emitted, being CO2 the predominant GHG (23.1364 t). Scope 1 contributed 15,6827 tCO2eq, occupying the highest participation with 53.35 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Law of the Principality of Asturias 1/2023, of March 15, on Environmental Quality aims to guarantee a high level of environmental quality protection in Asturias, contributing to the well-being of citizens and the preservation of natural capital. The law seeks to reconcile the improvement of environmental quality with social and economic development, in line with the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations. It establishes the rights of citizens regarding access to information on the environment and promotes public participation in decision-making related to the environment. It also regulates instruments for environmental protection, such as voluntary agreements, environmental management systems, and environmental taxation. The law establishes different regimes of environmental administrative intervention according to the environmental impact of activities and installations. In addition, an environmental control and inspection regime is established, and the environmental discipline regime is defined, including infractions and sanctions. The law came into effect on April 13, 2023. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: The complications that DM2 can develop and the undiagnosed population (6 %) highlight the importance of screening at the population level. The objective of this work is to evaluate a program for early detection of undiagnosed DM2 from community pharmacy and referral to the physician to determine the possible diagnosis. Evaluate the environmental impact of the actions. Methodology: Findrisc Questionnaire to patients who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Basal capillary blood glucose measurement if the result was =15 points and referral to a physician if basal blood glucose was =110 mg/dL. Results: 44 pharmacies participated. The sample included 434 users. Blood glucose was measured in 125 of the 135 patients with Findrisc =15 points, obtaining a mean of 124.5 mg/dL (SD=33.6). A total of 89 patients were referred to the physician, of whom the diagnosis of diabetes was confirmed in 13 cases, representing 3 % of the total sample analyzed and 14.6% of those referred. Conclusions: The amount of newly diagnosed patients (3 %) reflects that the community pharmacy is a good detection place for undiagnosed diabetes detection. In addition, the study shows the pharmacists' usefulness in their role as a health educator, since they provide guidance on healthy lifestyle habits to those patients who are not subject to be referred to a physician. Furthermore, closer collaborations between physicians and pharmacists would be necessary in diabetes screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avances en Ciencias e Ingeniería is the property of Avances en Ciencias e Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) de origen antropogénico se cuantifican mediante la huella de carbono (HC). Por ello, como líderes mundiales en innovación técnica, las universidades deberían liderar la transición hacia la carbono neutralidad. Sin embargo, pocas universidades latinoamericanas reúnen, publican y establecen metas de HC. Por lo tanto, este estudio evaluará las acciones propuestas en las universidades latinoamericanas, utilizando información de Scopus, ScienceDirect, Redalyc, PubMed y Google Scholar, para evaluar las técnicas de medición (M), mitigación (MT) y compensación (C) de emisiones de GEI, siguiendo la norma ISO 14064:2018. Se determinó que 55 universidades emitieron 526 998,89 Tn CO2eq en el periodo 2016-2022. El consumo indirecto de combustibles (39,38 %) es la principal fuente de emisiones, mientras que el transporte sostenible (26,1 %), la tecnología renovable (21,7 %), la gestión de residuos (16,7 %), las buenas prácticas de gestión y ecoeficiencia (19,6 %) y la gestión de residuos (17,4 %) mitigan las emisiones. Las operaciones de compensación de GEI incluyen la reforestación, la compra de créditos de carbono y las terrazas verdes de los campus, con proyectos de captura de carbono en América Latina por un total de 1667,53 Tn CO2eq/año.

Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study proposed to estimate the carbon equivalent (CO2e) generated by livestock activity in the Amazon piedmont and how it relates to economic benefits. Profitability indicators (such as net present value, benefit-cost ratio and single rate of return) were calculated and CO2e emissions from operational, administrative and marketing activities were estimated for a sample of 60 farms located in the Colombian Amazon piedmont. Cluster analysis was used as a multivariate technique to determine typologies according to the socioeconomic characteristics of producers and production levels of the farms. An econometric model was proposed to find the marginal CO2e emission attributed to utility generation, whose theoretical and statistical validity used the maximum likelihood estimator and hypothesis testing of means. Two types of farms were found according to economic and environmental factors: simple accumulation livestock systems and subsistence livestock systems. The impact of livestock activity on the environment is observable through the carbon footprint: for each million pesos generated in profits, 0.033 Mg of CO2e are emitted, while for each cattle introduced, 1.337 Mg of CO2e are emitted. A carbon footprint of 3.1 Mg CO2e.ha-1 was estimated for the farms. These data provide environmental and economic indicators for the assessment of sustainability and show the impact of livestock activity on the emission of greenhouse gases, which has led to climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Air compensation valves are devices that seek to optimize performance and reduce polluting emissions from diesel engines of cargo vehicles in high mountain conditions, by compensating for the oxygen that is lost when a vehicle operates at full load and at high altitude, heights that exceed 2000 meters above sea level, conditions that frequently occur in countries of the Andean area. However, there are no known studies that quantify the effective impact of these devices in a real operation in Colombian territory. Objective. Changes in fuel consumption and generation of polluting emissions were analyzed by installing ecological valves in a fleet of 3 tractor-truck vehicles operated by a cargo generating company on a route in Colombia. Methodology. An experimental study was applied, determining the relationship between the installation of the Marclais M-300 ecological valve in 3 similar cargo vehicles, making ex ante and ex post measurements under controlled road and driver conditions. Results. The installation of the valve did not generate a representative decrease in gallons consumed and therefore neither a decrease in operating costs. A decrease in polluting emissions of 6.25 % was found and the oil samples do not report any mechanical damage caused using the valves. Conclusions. It is recommended to expand the sample and carry out comparative analyzes with other types of valves or accessories with similar value propositions, including an analysis of investment cost efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Law 6/2022 on climate change and energy transition in the Canary Islands aims to regulate measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change, achieve carbon neutrality, and ensure energy transition. The law establishes the creation of bodies such as the Interadministrative Commission and the Canary Islands Agency for Climate Action, Energy, and Water, as well as planning instruments such as the Canary Islands Climate Action Strategy and the Canary Islands Energy Transition Plan. It also promotes the integration of climate change into administrative, territorial, and sectoral policies, and establishes measures for energy efficiency, renewable energy, and biofuels. The law will come into effect on March 31, 2023. [Extracted from the article]

The United Nations (UN) has stablished several goals and actions in order to mitigate climate change and reduce its consequences. As one of the main responsible of global anthropogenic carbon emissions, cement industry has a great potential on collaboration to achieve such goal. New solutions are studied to decrease the environmental impact caused by cement production. Clinker content replacement by Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) is indicated as the more feasible one. Despite the environmental benefit offered by the action, the composition modification of the binder leads to initial performance issues. Cementitious materials with lower clinker content and presence of SCM presents higher setting time and lower early strength, which limits the application of the measure regardless of its environment advantage. The use of C-S-H (calcium silicate hydrate) seeds additive can overcome such effect, since it accelerates cement hydration, improving its initial performance. Therefore, such additional input enables the vaster application of low carbon cements. Nonetheless, the manufacture of C-S-H seeds also emits greenhouse gases with environmental impacts comparable to cement production. Hence, the objective of this study is to analyse and discuss the contribution of the use of C-S-H seeds on the potential carbon footprint reduction of cementitious materials and if this measure could help to achieve the goals stablished by the UN. The reviewed papers pointed the additive as a feasible solution to low carbon cements production which allays technical and environmental requirements. Therefore, it was concluded that C-S-H seeds can effectively contribute to achieve the UN stablished goals towards climate change mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista AUS is the property of Revista AUS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El proyecto de investigación está orientado a realizar un análisis comparativo de la huella de carbono generada en una edificación de hormigón armado frente a la huella de carbono de una edificación de acero estructural, aplicado a una edificación de 4 pisos de altura la que está conformada por elementos estructurales aporticados. Para lo cual, se aplicó la metodología de análisis del ciclo vida (ACV), metodología que describe de forma sistemática el proceso para la cuantificación de la huella de carbono, mediante la valoración del aporte de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) en términos de toneladas dióxido de carbono equivalente (t CO2 eq) para cada etapa del ciclo de vida de las edificaciones sujetas de estudio y un periodo de vida útil de 50 años. El análisis del ciclo de vida aplicado empleó un enfoque de producto con un alcance de estudio de la cuna a la cuna, logrando como resultado una huella de carbono para el sistema estructural de hormigón armado de 724,71 (t CO2 eq) y para el sistema estructural de acero 440,93 (t CO2 eq), denotando que las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) para la estructura de hormigón armado es 64,36% mayor a la de acero estructural. Adicionalmente, como dato complementario a la investigación se determinó el costo ambiental calculado en función de la huella de carbono obtenida para cada sistema estructural, mediante la aplicación del costo al que se cotiza en el mercado las emisiones de (CO2) a la fecha actual, siendo esta de 65,22 €/t CO2 y teniendo en conocimiento que este valor podría aumentar en el transcurso del tiempo debido a las altas emisiones de CO2 que generan los países desarrollados.

The carbon footprint is one of the main factors for measuring CO emissions2, this atmospheric gas represents a worldwide environmental problem. Currently, universities are making inroads into the solution through the quantification and mitigation of CO2. Academic activities and the delivery of physical documents generate high amounts of paper consumption and consequently levels of CO2, which establishes a problem. The objective is to estimate the carbon footprint of the Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo (UTEQ) located in Ecuador. The methodology employed consisted of a quantification of the number of files registered in the academic system per year. The files were multiplied by an average number of sheets obtained through a survey applied to teachers. The carbon footprint was determined by multiplying the CO emission factor2 by annual paper consumption. The emissions obtained are 3.21 ton CO2 eq to 3.00 ton CO2 eq for the year 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, respectively. The virtual education implemented at UTEQ contributed to the fulfillment of climate change objectives, due to the non-emitted CO2 emissions determined in this study, an issue that is related to the achievement of a green university. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research study examines the environmental impact of an artisanal mine dedicated to the exploitation of clay in Manaure (La Guajira, Colombia). In Colombia's La Guajira region, there is no procedure to assess the sustainability of the clay mining industry. An indicator system is implemented to measure the degree of environmental sustainability in this mining sector. The methodology applied included a survey, interviews, and checklists. The clay mine is assessed with three indicators: 1) ecological footprint, 2) carbon footprint, and 3) water footprint. The results provide annual estimate values for the ecological (1.0812 kgCO2/person), carbon (282946 KgCO2), and water (3.4 L water/brick) footprints. It is concluded that the clay mine assessed has negative effects on both the environment and natural resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hemodialysis (HD) is a treatment with a significant environmental impact. One dialysis cycle is equivalent to the daily consumption of 3.5-4 people, and the average annual electricity consumption of a center is equivalent to that of approximately 2.5-3 households (9 kWh/day per household). The carbon footprint (kg CO2 equivalent) measures direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions and is influenced by the production of the various materials used, their transport, patients, and healthcare personnel. In this context, it is necessary to understand the real impact of each center on the environment and act sustainably. The aim of this review is to analyze the environmental footprint generated by dialysis, rethink processes, and propose management strategies to provide tools applicable to any unit to reduce the negative impact of this activity. Each center must measure and monitor indicators, set its own standards, design improvement plans, and carry out annual monitoring in a multidisciplinary manner., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Nefrología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Inhaled therapy is essential in cystic fibrosis; however, inhalers have a significant environmental impact due to the greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted. The environmental impact of a product is estimated by its carbon footprint (CF). Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) have a higher CF than dry powder inhalers (DPIs) and soft mist inhalers (SMIs) due to the incorporation of GHGs. The objectives are to analyze the consumption of inhalers (β2-adrenergic agonist bronchodilators, anticholinergics, and/or corticosteroids) in a cystic fibrosis unit and estimate the generated CF., Method: Retrospective determination (January 2018-December 2023) of consumption and CF (tCO2eq) by type of inhaler was conducted. Consumption and CF trends were evaluated using lineal regression., Results: Annually, 1,529 (1,279-1,613) pMDIs, 1,055 (855-1,333) DPIs, and 28 (20-42) SMIs were dispensed, representing 55.97%, 42.33%, and 1.70%, respectively. A statistically significant positive trend in the consumption of SMIs was observed. The median annual CF was: pMDI 38.3 (31.2-40.3) tCO2eq, DPIs 0.8 (0.6-0.9) tCO2eq, and SMIs 0.02 (0.02-0.03) tCO2eq, representing 97.86, 2.04, and 0.10%, respectively., Conclusions: pMDIs were the inhalers with the highest consumption and CF, although their consumption appears to be decreasing, with an increase in the consumption of SMIs., (Copyright © 2024. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

La Agencia Internacional de la Energía en 2017 estimó que el 40% de la reducción de emisiones de gases contaminantes necesarias para que en 2050 se limite a dos grados el incremento de temperatura global, podría lograrse a partir de las medidas de eficiencia energética. En esta investigación se evaluó por medio de software el consumo de energía eléctrica anual del edificio N°1 de la UTP, se comparó el resultado con la facturación más reciente disponible y se propuso medidas de eficiencia energética, cuyos beneficios económicos y ambientales fueron también estudiados. Entre las propuestas planteadas se encuentran la instalación de lámparas LED, generación fotovoltaica, adaptaciones al sistema de acondicionamiento de aire, ventanas eficientes y ventilación del ático de la cubierta del edificio N°1 junto a la instalación de barreras radiantes. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian un consumo de 2 497 912 kWh/año, los cuales se verían reducidos en un 38.81%, representando un ahorro hasta de B/. 218 426.14 anuales y una disminución del 57.27% de emisiones de CO2.

Los problemas ambientales, en nuestro tiempo, son el efecto de un proceso lineal insustentable de producción, explotación de recursos y generación de residuos que están agotando la naturaleza. Por ello, tomar medidas urgentes es de suma importancia. La presente investigación pretende desarrollar un modelo de evaluación que nos lleve a identificar y cuantificar el consumo energético y emisión de CO2 de los materiales utilizados en propuestas de diseño interior en espa-cios comerciales, principalmente restaurantes y cafeterías de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Esta investigación se aplicará en tres intervenciones de remodelación comercial para: determinar el grado de impacto ambiental y comparar con otras soluciones y, así, tomar decisiones acertadas al momento de desarrollar los proyectos. El modelo de evaluación que se propone, para cuantificar el consumo energético y emisión de CO2 de los materiales derivados de su fabricación, no incluye transporte ni puesta en obra. Este será una herramienta que permita desarrollar propuestas sustentables, con disminución de energía consumida y emisiones de CO2, al sustituir los materiales utilizados por otros con menor impacto.

It is now recognized that the construction sector is one of the main generators of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) and emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) worldwide. While nationally there is Resolution 0472 of 2017 to carry out proper management of the CDW, it is important to analyze the influence of compliance with this standard in the generation and GHG possible reduction nationwide. For this reason, the present research aims to technically assess the relationship between policy management component RCD (Resolution 472, 2017) and reducing the carbon footprint in the first phase of the construction cycle, setting a case study one high-rise building located in the Medellin city. Four scenarios of compliance with Programa de Manejo Ambiental (PMA) were proposed based on different concrete mix designs of compressive strength 24 MPa, also evaluating the carbon footprint of each scenario. Concrete mix designs presented the inclusion of superplasticizer admixtures, partial substitutions of cement for fly ash and / or partial substitutions of virgin aggregates for recycled aggregates. The results showed that in order to comply with the CDW regulations, the partial replacement of virgin aggregates with recycled aggregates is strategic (scenario 3), but for the reduction in the carbon footprint, the partial replacement of cement with fly ash, including superplasticizer admixtures, is important (scenario 2). Therefore, the stage 4 which links all the above strategies has high percentages of compliance (17.2% versus 11.3% in the baseline scenario) and a reduction in carbon footprint (338.1 kg CO2/m² versus 438.1 kg CO2/m² in the baseline scenario). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The accelerating environmental degradation as a result of modernisation and climate change is an urgent threat to human health. Environment change can impact kidney health in a variety of ways such as water scarcity, global heating and changing biodiversity. Ever increasing industrialization of health care has a large carbon footprint, with dialysis being a major contributor. There have been calls for all stakeholders to adopt a 'one health approach' and develop mitigation and adaptation strategies to combat this challenge. Because of its exquisite sensitivity to various elements of environment change, kidney health can be a risk marker and a therapeutic target for such interventions. In this narrative review, we discuss the various mechanisms through which environmental change is linked to kidney health and the ways that the global kidney health communities can respond to environmental change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]