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Long- distance migrations of insects contribute to ecosystem functioning but also have important economic impacts when the migrants are pests or provide ecosystem services. We combined radar monitoring, aerial sampling, and searchlight trapping, to quantify the annual pattern of nocturnal insect migration above the densely populated agricultural lands of East China. A total of -9.3 trillion nocturnal insect migrants (15,000 t of biomass), predominantly Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, and Diptera, including many crop pests and disease vectors, fly at heights up to 1 km above this 600 km- wide region every year. Larger migrants (>10 mg) exhibited seasonal reversal of movement directions, comprising northward expansion during spring and summer, followed by southward movements during fall. This north-south transfer was not balanced, however, with southward movement in fall 0.66- that of northward movement in spring and summer. Spring and summer migrations were strongest when the wind had a northward component, while in fall, stronger movements occurred on winds that allowed movement with a southward component; heading directions of larger insects were generally close to the track direction. These findings indicate adaptations leading to movement in seasonally favorable directions. We compare our results from China with similar studies in Europe and North America and conclude that ecological patterns and behavioral adaptations are similar across the Northern Hemisphere. The predominance of pests among these nocturnal migrants has severe implications for food security and grower prosperity throughout this heavily populated region, and knowledge of their migrations is potentially valuable for forecasting pest impacts and planning timely management actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To effectively prevent recurrence, improve the prognosis and increase the survival rate of primary liver cancer (PLC) patients with radical cure, the Chinese Society of Hepatology, Chinese Medical Association, invited clinical experts and methodologists to develop the Consensus on the Tertiary Prevention of Primary Liver Cancer, which was based on the clinical and scientific advances on the risk factors, histopathology, imaging finding, clinical manifestation, and prevention of recurrence of PLC. The purpose is to provide a current basis for the prevention, surveillance, early detection and diagnosis, and the effective measures of PLC recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Jade perch (Scortum barcoo) has been affirmed as an economically important species for aquaculture. However, research on its sex and reproductive regulation is still lacking. Herein, the first gonad transcriptomes of juvenile jade perch were identified through Illumina Novaseq technology. According to the comparative transcriptome data of ovaries and testis, a large number of differential expression genes (DEGs) mainly involved in the steroidogenesis pathway, gonad development and differentiation, gametogenesis and gamete maturation were identified. As predicted, the expression patterns of these DEGs in jade perch were similar to well-known sex-related genes in other species. These results will provide valuable information for further studies on sex determination and gonadal development in teleost fish. Due to the high meat yield and rich nutritional content, jade perch (Scortum barcoo) has become an important commercial aquaculture species in China. Jade perch has a slow growth rate, taking 3–4 years to reach sexual maturity, and has almost no difference in body size between males and females. However, the study of its gonad development and reproduction regulation is still blank, which limited the yield increase. Herein, the gonad transcriptomes of juvenile males and females of S. barcoo were identified for the first time. A total of 107,060 unigenes were successfully annotated. By comparing male and female gonad transcriptomes, a total of 23,849 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 9517 were downregulated, and 14,332 were upregulated in the testis. In addition, a large number of DEGs involved in sex differentiation, gonadal development and differentiation and gametogenesis were identified, and the differential expression patterns of some genes were further verified using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results of this study will provide a valuable resource for further studies on sex determination and gonadal development of S. barcoo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatial patterns of planktonic ciliate communities were studied to monitor marine water quality during winter, spring, summer, and autumn of 2014 in Daya Bay, South China Sea. A total of 41 species, with eight dominant species, were identified. Multivariate and univariate analyses demonstrated that spatial taxonomic pattern of planktonic ciliate communities was significantly correlated with environmental condition; ciliate abundance, species diversity, and species richness were significantly correlated with N[O.sub.3.sup.-] and salinity or temperature. Additionally, two dominant species (Tintinnopsis minuta Wailes, 1925 and Tintinnopsis beroidea Stein, 1867) were significantly positively correlated with nutrients, particularly with nitrogen nutrients. Three dominant species (Strombidium conicum (Lohmann, 1908) Wulff, 1919; Spirotontonia turbinata (Song & Bradbury, 1998) Agatha, 2004; Laboea strobila Lohmann, 1908) showed more sensitivity to salinity, whereas Mesodinium rubrum (Lohmann, 1908) was significantly correlated with temperature. Our findings suggest that planktonic ciliate communities can be considered a favorable bioindicator of marine water quality. Key words: planktonic ciliate community, bioindicator, water quality, bioassessment, Daya Bay. Nous avons etudie les motifs de distribution spatiale de communautes de cilies planctoniques pour la surveillance de la qualite de l'eau de mer durant l'hiver, le printemps, l'ete et l'automne de 2014 dans la baie de Daya, en mer de Chine meridionale. Un total de 41 especes, dont huit especes dominantes, ont ete identifiees. Des analyses multivariees et univariees ont demontre que la distribution taxinomique spatiale des communautes de cilies planctoniques etait significativement correlee aux conditions ambiantes; l'abondance et la diversite et la richesse specifiques des cilies, en particulier, etaient significativement correlees a N[O.sub.3.sup.-] et a la salinite ou a la temperature. De plus, deux especes dominantes (Tintinnopsis minuta Wailes, 1925 et Tintinnopsis beroidea Stein, 1867) presentaient des correlations positives significatives avec les nutriments, en particulier les nutriments azotes. Trois especes dominantes (Strombidium conicum (Lohmann, 1908) Wulff, 1919; Spirotontonia turbinata (Song & Bradbury, 1998) Agatha, 2004; Laboea strobila Lohmann, 1908) presentaient une plus grande sensibilite a la salinite, alors que Mesodinium rubrum (Lohmann, 1908) etait significativement correle a la temperature. Nos observations donnent a penser que les communautes de cilies planctoniques pourraient etre des bioindicateurs utiles pour l'evaluation de la qualite de l'eau de mer. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: communaute de cilies planctoniques, bioindicateur, qualite de l'eau, bioevaluation, baie de Daya., Introduction Planktonic ciliates are important components of aquatic ecosystems; they play a crucial role in transferring elements and energy from pico- and nano-planktonic production to higher trophic levels (Azam et [...]