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Objective To explore the effects of circular RNA circATP2B1 on proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells and its potential molecular mechanism. Methods From July 2018 to February 2021, 44 cases of gastric cancer tissue specimens and paracancerous tissue specimens were collected from the Department of Gastrointestinal Hepatobiliary Surgery of Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University. Four gastric cancer cell lines (SGC7901, HS-746T, MGC803, BGC823) and normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1) were selected. The expression of circATP2B1 in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines was examined by RT-PCR. The gastric cancer cells with the lowest expression of circATP2B1 were divided into control group (transfected with negative control plasmid) and experimental group (transfected with circATP2B1 over expression plasmid). MTT and Transwell experiment were used to detect the proliferation activity and invasion ability of gastric cancer cells in each group. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter gene experiments were used to analyze the possible molecular mechanism of circATP2B1, and RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of circATP2B1 downstream genes. Results The expression of circATP2B1 in gastric cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues (0.92±0.08 vs. 3.62±0.23, P＜0.01). The expression of circATP2B1 in gastric cancer cell lines was significantly lower than that in GES-1 cells (P＜0.01)and HS-746T cells had the lowest expression level (P＜0.01). Compared with the control group, the proliferation activity of HS-746T cells in the experimental group was significantly reduced (P＜0.05), and the invasion ability was significantly reduced (P＜0.01). Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter gene experiments showed that circATP2B1 can target miR-452-5p (P＜0.01), and miR-452-5p can target protocadherin 9 (PCDH9) (P＜0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression of miR-452-5p in HS-746T cells in the experimental group decreased significantly (1.00±0.04 vs. 0.24±0.05, P＜0.01), and the expression of PCDH9 gene increased significantly(P＜0.01). Conclusions The circATP2B1 is low expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines, and circATP2B1 positively regulates PCDH9 gene expression through binding miR-452-5p, thereby reducing the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells HS-746T.

With the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), their charging and discharging schedules pose new challenges for real-time load forecasting in commercial buildings. This study proposes a prediction model based on the integration of bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks and Transformer architecture, along with the introduction of a cognitive control system and cyber–physical systems (CPS) to address issues such as data loss and excessive computation time during the forecasting process. The BiLSTM–Transformer model significantly improves load-forecasting accuracy and real-time performance by combining time-series modeling with global feature extraction capabilities. Additionally, the cognitive control system includes user-aware cognitive control (UACC) and Microgrid Control Center Cognitive Control (MACC). UACC quantifies information gaps in real time and adaptively adjusts strategies during communication instability, while MACC employs Q-learning algorithms to evaluate the impact of data loss on scheduling and optimize power resource allocation. The synergy between these mechanisms ensures system stability and predictive performance in scenarios involving data loss or communication disruptions. Experimental results demonstrate that the model achieves outstanding predictive accuracy under complete data conditions and significantly reduces errors in scenarios with data loss, validating its superior accuracy and robustness. This provides reliable support for load forecasting in commercial buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mudflat wetland, one of the 27 surface elements identified by the International Geographic Data Committee, has undergone substantial transformations with the rapid growth of the social economy and marine hazards, resulting in significant changes in its area and distribution. Quick identification of mudflat wetland evolution is vital to improve the mudflat ecological service value. We employed object-oriented and decision tree classification methods to map the mudflat wetland in the Yellow Sea using the Landsat time series from 1983 to 2020. The Improved Spectral Water Index (IWI) was established by combining the characteristics of many ratio indices and using ratio operation and quadratic power operation. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the IWI was calculated, and the range of the intertidal zone in 1983, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020 was obtained by using a threshold method. The results indicate that the mudflat wetland area decreased continuously from 1983 to 2020, with a reduction of 337.38 km2/10a. Among the total area, the natural wetland experienced a decline of 446.9 km2/10a, with the most drastic changes occurring between 2000 and 2010. In contrast, the area of the human-made wetland increased by 109.56 km2/10a. Over the 38 years, the tidal flat has undergone the most drastic reduction, with an average of 157.45 km2/10a. From 1983 to 2020, the intertidal zone area decreased, with a reduction of 429.02 km2/10a. Human activities were the key factors causing mudflat wetland loss. Based on these findings, we propose several policy suggestions. This study provides a scientific basis for understanding the synergetic evolution mechanism of coastal resources utilization and mudflat wetland protection under global change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy-weight concrete (HWC) is a widely adopted radiation shielding material in the nuclear industry. In this study, two kinds of high-density aggregate, namely, iron sand (IS) and steel slag coarse aggregate (SSCA), were adopted to fully replace river sand and natural coarse aggregate, respectively, producing ultra-heavy-weight concrete (UHWC) with a unit weight >3800 kg/m3, to ensure excellent radiation shielding performance. However, IS and SSCA seriously impaired the passing ability of UHWC as the cement paste could not hold the IS and SSCA as firmly as natural aggregates, owing to their high density. To overcome this, the rheology of UHWC should be optimised by partially replacing the cement with superfine silica fume (SSF) and using a suitable amount of superplasticiser (SP) to enhance the wet packing density (WPD). A total of 28 UHWC mixes with different replacement ratios of SSF and different SP dosages were tested for segregation width, flowability, L-box passing ability, unit weight and WPD. Results revealed that incorporating an appropriate quantity of SSF and SP improved the WPD of UHWC, resulting in improved segregation resistance, enhanced flowability, increased passing ability and a higher unit weight. Lastly, there is a positive correlation between flowability, passing ability and WPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, one in three adults worldwide may be obese or overweight. Obesity is characterized by an excess of energy‐storing white fat. An ingenious and sought‐after strategy against obesity is to activate energy‐consuming beige fat, which is converted from white fat or brown fat. However, existing tools for assessing brown or beige fat activation in vivo have certain limitations, such as being cumbersome and expensive. Optical imaging is a relatively straightforward and economical imaging technique that utilizes light to peer into the structural–functional information of living organisms at multiple scales. Despite the availability of various optical imaging modalities for detecting brown or beige fat, there is a dearth of literature summarizing relevant studies. Accordingly, this review focuses on these optical modalities and elaborates on their imaging principles, characteristics, and recent research advances in the detection of brown or beige fat. Their imaging targets, advantages, and disadvantages are further concluded. As a methodological reference, this review can guide the selection of optimal optical modalities to noninvasively profile brown or beige fat activation from a specific biological perspective, maximizing the potential of optical imaging in anti‐obesity assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transition metal oxide-based catalysts are known as the most active oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts due to their intrinsic electronic structures and binding strength of oxygenated intermediates. However, even the most active transition metal oxide-based OER catalysts have a turnover frequency far lower than that of the oxygen-evolving complexes in biological systems for intermolecular site aggregation. Herein, we implement the hybridization of a metal–organic framework and tungstic acid (WO3·xH2O-in-MIL-88) to achieve ordered FeNi site isolation at the molecular level and avoid intermolecular decomposition during the catalysis process. The optimized hybrid with 15% tungstic acid (15%-WO3·xH2O-in-MIL-88) achieves a much-enhanced OER activity and stability in terms of a low overpotential of 263 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2, a low Tafel slope of 39 mV dec−1, and long-term stability, which is much superior to that of the commercial RuO2 catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a few-mode fiber (FMF) various fault-detection method for long-reach mode division multiplexing (MDM) based on multi-mode transmission reflection analysis (MM-TRA). By injecting unmodulated continuous light into the FMF, and measuring and quantitatively analyzing the transmitted and reflected or Rayleigh backscattering power of different spatial modes, it is possible to accurately detect and locate reflective and non-reflective fault events. This paper discusses the localization accuracy of fault types such as FMF break, FMF link connector mismatch, and FMF bending. Theoretical analysis and simulation experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MM-TRA can provide an effective characterization of various faults and can achieve high fault localization accuracy. In addition, the influence of mode crosstalk of mode multiplexer/demultiplexer and mode coupling in FMF on the localization accuracy of various faults are considered. The results indicate that when using the combination of LP01 and LP21 modes, the localization errors for the FMF break, connector mismatch, and bending are 3.42 m, 1.97 m, and 3.29 m, respectively, demonstrating good fault localization performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional single-mode fiber (SMF) optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) may not be able to accurately detect and locate fault events in the dead zone of few-mode fiber (FMF) links. This paper introduces the concept of higher-order spatial mode detection dimensions unique to FMF, combined with the spatial mode coupling characteristics between modes. The Fresnel reflection from the end face of the fiber, the interior of the circulator, and the connector only occurs in the spatial mode of the injected optical pulse. The Rayleigh backscattering, which reflects the fault distribution characteristics of FMF links, can be detected by non-excited higher-order spatial modes. The proposed method can completely overcome the traditional OTDR dead zone. In this paper, the six-mode fiber is taken as an example for experimental verification. The detection optical pulse is injected into the fundamental mode LP01, and the Rayleigh backscattering of LP11a, LP11b, LP21a, LP21b, and LP02 higher-order spatial mode are collected and analyzed to accurately detect and locate the fusion splice fault event at 100 m and 500 m in the dead zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CuS/Bi2O3 composite photocatalyst was prepared by calcination and in situ precipitation, and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was applied to the degradation of tetracycline (TC) wastewater under visible light. The microscopic morphology, chemical composition, and optical properties of the composites were investigated by characterization means of XRD, FTIR, SEM, XPS, and UV-Vis DRS. The results showed that the introduction of CuS increased the specific surface area of Bi2O3 and increased the visible absorption boundary of Bi2O3 from 455 to 524 nm, which effectively inhibited the complexation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The experimental results showed that the introduction of PMS strengthened the removal of TC from the composites, and 95% of TC could be removed under visible light irradiation, and the reaction rate was 8.22 times higher than that of the unspiked PMS, indicating that the BC-15+vis/PMS catalytic system could degrade the pollutants efficiently. The radical capture experiments showed that several radicals, including ·OH, SO4·−, ·O2−, h+, and 1O2, were present in the catalytic system as the main active species to degrade TC, and the mechanism of photocatalytic activation of PMS by Z-type heterostructures of CuS/Bi2O3 composites was proposed. The present study showed that BC-15 has excellent degradation performance and stability, which provides new ideas for the treatment of antibiotic wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been associated with a variety of neurological problems, while the neurobiological mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we utilized resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) to detect brain injury at an early stage and investigated the impact of microglia on the neuropathological mechanism of AKI. Methods: Rs‐fMRI data were collected from AKI rats and the control group with a 9.4‐Tesla scanner at 24, 48, and 72 h post administration of contrast medium or saline. The amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was then compared across the groups at each time course. Additionally, flow cytometry and SMART‐seq2 were employed to evaluate microglia. Furthermore, pathological staining and Western blot were used to analyze the samples. Results: MRI results revealed that AKI led to a decreased ALFF in the hippocampus, particularly in the 48 h and 72 h groups. Additionally, western blot suggested that AKI‐induced the neuronal apoptosis at 48 h and 72 h. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy images demonstrated that AKI activated the aggregation of microglia into neurons at 24 h, with a strong upregulation of M1 polarization at 48 h and peaking at 72 h, accompanying with the release of proinflammatory cytokines. The ALFF value was strongly correlated with the proportion of microglia (|r| > 0.80, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that microglia aggregation and inflammatory factor upregulation are significant mechanisms of AKI‐induced neuronal apoptosis. We used fMRI to detect the alterations in hippocampal function, which may provide a noninvasive method for the early detection of brain injury after AKI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]