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We study how non‐state shareholder governance affects the performance of corporate environmental, social and governance (hereinafter ESG). We select all A‐shares state‐owned listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2011 to 2020 as the research sample. We find that non‐state shareholder governance can improve the ESG ratings by improving green innovation and information transparency. Further analysis shows that non‐state shareholder governance has a significant impact on the ESG ratings of polluting industries, high degree of marketization area, and high competitive industries; the enthusiasm of non‐state shareholders to participate in shareholders' meeting has a great impact on the ESG ratings. This research enriches the influence of non‐state shareholder governance and provides channels for state‐owned enterprises to improve ESG ratings. In addition, this article has important practical significance for state‐owned enterprises to deepen reform and strengthen environmental governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrogen-doped γ-Ca2SiO4:Ce3+ phosphors were successfully produced by a solid state reaction method provided that the Ca/Si molar ratio was ≥2.05 and N-doping was simultaneously ≥0.75%. The factors that affect the β→γ phase transformation were also thoroughly investigated. Experimental results were obtained by XRD, FTIR, NMR, SEM, and TEM techniques, along with EDS and SAED analyses. First-principles theoretical calculations were also done. The results showed that the phosphors produced have high photoluminescence and thermal quenching properties, attributed to the covalent nature of the Si–N bond, and the optimum amount of nitrogen incorporation is 0.75%, whereas further increases in nitrogen content degrade the above properties, probably due to the increase in the formation of oxygen vacancies. It was also shown that γ-Ca2SiO4:Ce3+ is thermodynamically more stable than β-Ca2SiO4:Ce3+ after nitrogen doping. A dramatic shift in the emission from yellow to light-blue was recorded when the phosphors were heated to 800 °C. This was attributed to the migration of Ce3+ from Ca(1) to Ca(2) sites in the γ-phase, which is confirmed by 4f → 5d transition energy calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Heart failure (HF) management has markedly improved, but a clinically meaningful improvement in functional capacity and quality of life is perhaps more important for patients than living longer., Objective: This study aimed to review the improvement in quality of life with sacubitril/valsartan in patients with HF and reduced/preserved ejection fraction (EF) from prospective clinical trials., Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies published from inception to July 2021. A total of 6 clinical trials and 16854 patients with HF were included. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in KCCQ clinical summary score. The secondary outcomes were scores in other domains of KCCQ, the occurrence of serious adverse events (AEs), and overall mortality. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant., Results: Treatment of sacubitril/valsartan showed significantly higher KCCQ-CSS compared to the control (WMD=0.975, 95% CI: 0.885, 1.064, p<0.001; I2=94.8%, pheterogeneity<0.001). A significant decrease in the mortality rate was observed in the sacubitril/valsartan group compared to the control group (RR=0.895, 95%CI:0.831, 0.965, p=0.004; I2=43.6%, pheterogeneity=0.150). Nevertheless, no significant reduction in the occurrence of serious AEs was found among HF patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan compared to the control group (RR=0.950, 95%CI: 0.879, 1.027, p<0.001; I2=68.1%, pheterogeneity=0.024)., Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that sacubitril/valsartan might significantly improve the HRQL compared to other treatments according to the results in KCCQ-CSS and some subdomains in the KCCQ index during the follow-up in patients with HF.