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ObjectiveStudies have shown that the exercise-induced cytokine Irisin functions were as a dimer, so tandem Irisin-Irisin mock dimers were designed to explore the similarities and differences between recombinant Irisin-Irisin expressed by Escherichia coli and commercial Irisin in activity and function on tumor cells.MethodsEscherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) and pET-30a expression vectors were selected to obtain recombinant Irisin-Irisin by isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) induction. High purity recombinant Irisin-Irisin was obtained by Ni Sepharose excel. C2C12 skeletal muscle cells were treated with recombinant Irisin-Irisin and monomeric Irisin respectively, and the expressions of mitochondrial related gene UCP-1 were observed to test the activity. The functions were verified in gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and other gastrointestinal tumors, and the activity and function of recombinant Irisin-Irisin and monomeric Irisin on tumor cells were compared.Results(1) Expression and purification of recombinant Irisin-Irisin: compared with the non-induced samples, the recombinant Irisin-Irisin was significantly expressed after IPTG induction; high purity recombinant Irisin-Irisin with a molecular weight of about 27 kDa was obtained by Ni Sepharose excel. (2) Detection of recombinant Irisin-Irisin activity: compared with the blank control group, both the recombinant Irisin-Irisin group and the Irisin group could up-regulate the expression of UCP-1 in C2C12 cells (PPPPEscherichia coli has activity, and the activity is higher than that of the monomeric Irisin; recombinant Irisin-Irisin has an effect on the migration of gastric cancer cells and colorectal cancer cells, and the effect was better than that of the monomeric Irisin.

In situ target biomolecule analysis is of great significance for real‐time monitoring and regulation of endogenous biomarkers and elementary biomolecules in vivo. Gratifyingly, the rapid evolution of structural DNA nanotechnology during past decades has established an appealing toolbox for biological analysis and medical detection. The modulated self‐assembly and underlying canonical Watson‐Crick base‐pairing rules provide possibilities for accurate controlling of the topologies and functions of obtained nanomaterials. The probes composed of diverse DNA nanostructures and DNA‐nanoparticle complexes can create a confined space, which increases target accessibility and improves probe stability, sensitivity and specificity. In this minireview, we retrospect the research progress of in‐situ biomolecular analysis based on DNA nanostructures for intracellular and in vivo biosensors in confined space. The characteristics of distinct DNA nanomaterials are first introduced, and then the fundamentals of biosensing process of designed DNA nanostructures are emphasized. Moreover, we elucidate our perspective over the challenges of this field and discuss the potential directions of this kind of application‐oriented fabrication technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In situ target biomolecule analysis is of great significance for real‐time monitoring and regulation of endogenous biomarkers and elementary biomolecules in vivo. Gratifyingly, the rapid evolution of structural DNA nanotechnology during past decades has established an appealing toolbox for biological analysis and medical detection. The modulated self‐assembly and underlying canonical Watson‐Crick base‐pairing rules provide possibilities for accurate controlling of the topologies and functions of obtained nanomaterials. The probes composed of diverse DNA nanostructures and DNA‐nanoparticle complexes can create a confined space, which increases target accessibility and improves probe stability, sensitivity and specificity. In this minireview, we retrospect the research progress of in‐situ biomolecular analysis based on DNA nanostructures for intracellular and in vivo biosensors in confined space. The characteristics of distinct DNA nanomaterials are first introduced, and then the fundamentals of biosensing process of designed DNA nanostructures are emphasized. Moreover, we elucidate our perspective over the challenges of this field and discuss the potential directions of this kind of application‐oriented fabrication technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]