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Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the common adverse effects of drug therapy, which is closely associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation response. Medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFA) were reported to relieve inflammation and attenuate oxidative stress. However, little has been known about the hepatoprotective effects of MCFA in DILI. In the present study, acetaminophen (AP) and rifampicin (RFP) were used to establish DILI models in LO2 cells, and the cytoprotective effects of MCFA on hepatocellular injury were investigated. Results showed that the optimal condition for the DILI model was treatment with 10 mM AP or 600 µM RFP for 24 hr. LCFA treatment markedly reduced the cell viability and increased the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Meanwhile, LCFA treatment aggravated cell apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. The mRNA and protein expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β and TNF‐α) were significantly elevated by LCFA. In contrast, MCFA treatment did not significantly affect cell viability, apoptosis, oxidative, stress and inflammation, and it did not produce the detrimental effects on DILI models. Therefore, we proposed that MCFA may be more safe and suitable than LCFA as nutrition support or the selection of daily dietary oil and fat for the patients with DILI., In this study, we investigated the optimal conditions for establishing the DILI model and the cytoprotective effects of MCFA on the model. Our results found that MCFA decreased the percentages of apoptotic cells, mitochondrial membrane potential as well as attenuated oxidative stress compared with LCFA. MCFA also down‐regulated the mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory cytokines.

The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity, and characterize the bioactive constituents of the phenolic extract of Potentilla discolor Bge. Dry material of Potentilla discolor Bge. was extracted with 80% ethanol solution to obtain the crude phenolic extract (CPE) with the total phenolic content (TPC) of 20.40 ± 0.69 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry material (mg GAE/g DM). After purified with AB-8 macroporous resin, TPC of the purified phenolic extract (PPE) (353.65 ± 5.50 mg GAE/g DM) was much higher than that of the CPE. PPE exhibited stronger 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity than CPE and 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), with the IC50 values of 0.030 ± 0.002 mg/mL and 0.059 ± 0.002 mg/mL, respectively. The total antioxidant activities of PPE and BHT were similar, and were higher than CPE. PPE was found to significantly inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 0.966 ± 0.072 and 2.431 ± 0.088 mg/mL, respectively. Finally, using UPLC-TOF–MS/MS technology, 35 compounds were tentatively identified, including 12 phenolic acids, 23 flavonoids and their derivatives, 29 of which have been discovered for the first time in Potentilla discolor Bge. These results suggested that PPE had the potential to be used as an antioxidant and anti-diabetic component in functional foods.