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The accuracy of traditional topic models may be compromised due to the sparsity of co-occurring vocabulary in the corpus, whereas conventional word embedding models tend to excessively prioritize contextual semantic information and inadequately capture domain-specific features in the text. This paper proposes a hybrid semantic representation method that combines a topic model that integrates conceptual knowledge with a weighted word embedding model. Specifically, we construct a topic model incorporating the Probase concept knowledge base to perform topic clustering and obtain topic semantic representation. Additionally, we design a weighted word embedding model to enhance the contextual semantic information representation of the text. The feature-based information fusion model is employed to integrate the two textual representations and generate a hybrid semantic representation. The hybrid semantic representation model proposed in this study was evaluated based on various English composition test sets. The findings demonstrate that the model presented in this paper exhibits superior accuracy and practical value compared to existing text representation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Numerous investigations have examined the potential link between allergic rhinitis (AR) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, some studies show no association between the two diseases. The connection between these two conditions remains inconclusive. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis exploring the correlation between AR and ADHD. Methods: We conducted systematic searches of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ERIC, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases, up to the year 2023. Subsequently, we conducted a meta-analysis using R 4.2.2, where we computed the pooled odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval to assess the relationship between AR and ADHD within studies exhibiting similar characteristics. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated by computing the value using the Cochrane Intervention Manual's guidelines. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted by stratifying the study population according to gender, age, etc. Sensitivity analysis was performed by systematically removing individual studies. Results: In this systematic review, we incorporated 12 eligible studies, collectively encompassing a sample size of 530,360 participants. Within the included studies, heterogeneity was observed, and the utilization of a random-effects model demonstrated a noteworthy correlation between children with ADHD and the presence of AR. Similarly, children with AR exhibited a significant correlation with the occurrence of ADHD. We also found some relationships in subgroup analyses. Conclusion: A substantial correlation is evident between AR and ADHD in children and adolescents. AR may potentially contribute as a risk factor for the onset of ADHD, and conversely, ADHD may heighten the likelihood of developing AR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is limited research providing an overall understanding of bone mineral density (BMD) changes throughout different stages of life. This study aimed to investigate the pattern of BMD changes across childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age, as well as exploring the critical time of peak BMD (PBMD). Methods: Participants of three major ethnicities from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2018 were involved: 46,381 and 20,944 participants aged 8–85 years old were included in the Lumbar spine BMD (LSBMD) and femoral neck BMD (FNBMD) studies, respectively. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The generalized additive model was used to construct smoothed percentile curves. Results: Both males and females experienced a sharp increase in LSBMD during puberty, with females reaching their PBMD earlier than males. Females' LSBMD remained higher than males' before the age of approximately 50, except for Non-Hispanic Blacks. For males, LSBMD reached a plateau at around 30 years old after reaching the peak value. Females exhibited two peak points on the fitted curves, with the second PBMD occurring around 36–37 years old. Ethnic variations were observed, with Non-Hispanic Blacks displaying the highest BMD levels at all ages. Non-Hispanic Whites and Mexican Americans had lower BMD levels, with Mexican Americans generally exhibiting the lowest BMD. FNBMD reached its peak earlier than LSBMD, and males consistently had higher FNBMD than females. Conclusions: This nationally representative study contributes to the understanding of BMD changes across the lifespan, and might provide guidance for bone health interventions in different population groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]