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2. Uncovering hidden Fermi surface instabilities through visualizing unconventional quasiparticle interference in CeTe3

Author

Smith, B. R. M., Fujisawa, Y., Wu, P., Nakamura, T., Tomoda, N., Kuniyoshi, S., Ueta, D., Kobayashi, R., Okuma, R., Arai, K., Kuroda, K., Hsu, C-H., Chang, G., Huang, C-Y., Lin, H., Wang, Z-Y., and Okada, Y.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The charge density wave (CDW) state is a widespread phenomenon in low-dimensional metals/semimetals. The spectral weight of the associated folded bands (shadow bands) can be an intriguing trigger leading to additional Fermi surface instability and unexplored phase transitions. The rare earth tri-telluride CeTe3 exhibits a single CDW stabilized below ~400 K and antiferromagnetism below ~3 K. The distinct periodicities between the Te-square net, the CeTe block layer, and the CDW give rise to rich shadow band formations. In this work, we reveal the predominant scattering between the original and shadow bands at 4 K, with the scattering within the original bands being relatively suppressed at Fermi energy. This unconventional quasi-particle scattering collectively underscores the vital role of the shadow bands' spectral weight and the hidden matrix element effect, which are crucial for controlling electronic properties in this system. Furthermore, our finding points to the existence of rich and unexplored Fermi surface instabilities, which potentially play a role in controlling the nature of long-range antiferromagnetism at lower temperatures in the presence of finite charge-spin interaction.

Published
2024
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3. Three types of the minimal excludant size of an overpartition

Author

He, Thomas Y., Huang, C. S., Li, H. X., and Zhang, X.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract

Recently, Andrews and Newman studied the minimal excludant of a partition, which is defined as the smallest positive integer that is not a part of a partition. In this article, we consider the minimal excludant size of an overpartition, which is an overpartition analogue of the minimal excludant of a partition. We define three types of overpartition related to the minimal excludant size.

Published
2024

4. Separable integer partition classes and partitions with congruence conditions

Author

He, Thomas Y., Huang, C. S., Li, H. X., and Zhang, X.

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract

In this article, we first investigate the partitions whose parts are congruent to $a$ or $b$ modulo $k$ with the aid of separable integer partition classes with modulus $k$ introduced by Andrews. Then, we introduce the $(k,r)$-overpartitions in which only parts equivalent to $r$ modulo $k$ may be overlined and we will show that the number of $(k,k)$-overpartitions of $n$ equals the number of partitions of $n$ such that the $k$-th occurrence of a part may be overlined. Finally, we extend separable integer partition classes with modulus $k$ to overpartitions and then give the generating function for $(k,r)$-modulo overpartitions, which are the $(k,r)$-overpartitions satisfying certain congruence conditions.

Published
2024

5. Physical properties and electronic structure of the two-gap superconductor V$_{2}$Ga$_{5}$

Author

Cheng, P. -Y., Oudah, Mohamed, Hung, T. -L., Hsu, C. -E., Chang, C. -C., Haung, J. -Y., Liu, T. -C., Cheng, C. -M., Ou, M. -N., Chen, W. -T., Deng, L. Z., Lee, C. -C., Chen, Y. -Y., Kuo, C. -N., Lue, C. -S., Machts, Janna, Kojima, Kenji M., Hallas, Alannah M., and Huang, C. -L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

We present a thorough investigation of the physical properties and superconductivity of the binary intermetallic V2Ga5. Electrical resistivity and specific heat measurements show that V2Ga5 enters its superconducting state below Tsc = 3.5 K, with a critical field of Hc2,perp c(Hc2,para c) = 6.5(4.1) kOe. With H perp c, the peak effect was observed in resistivity measurements, indicating the ultrahigh quality of the single crystal studied. The resistivity measurements under high pressure reveal that the Tsc is suppressed linearly with pressure and reaches absolute zero around 20 GPa. Specific heat and muon spin relaxation measurements both indicate that the two-gap s-wave model best describes the superconductivity of V2Ga5. The spectra obtained from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements suggest that two superconducting gaps open at the Fermi surface around the Z and {\Gamma} points. These results are verified by first-principles band structure calculations. We therefore conclude that V2Ga5 is a phonon-mediated two-gap s-wave superconductor, Comment: Some images experience distortion during the conversion process to EPS format

Published
2024
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6. Coherent Transfer of Lattice Entropy via Extreme Nonlinear Phononics in Metal Halide Perovskites

Author

Liu, Z., Shi, Y., Jiang, T., Luo, L., Huang, C., Mootz, M., Song, Z., Yan, Y., Yao, Y., Zhao, J., and Wang, J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Entropy transfer in metal halide perovskites, characterized by significant lattice anharmonicity and low stiffness, underlies the remarkable properties observed in their optoelectronic applications, ranging from solar cells to lasers. The conventional view of this transfer involves stochastic processes occurring within a thermal bath of phonons, where lattice arrangement and energy flow from higher to lower frequency modes. Here we unveil a comprehensive chronological sequence detailing a conceptually distinct, coherent transfer of entropy in a prototypical perovskite CH$_3$NH$_3$Pbl$_3$. The terahertz periodic modulation imposes vibrational coherence into electronic states, leading to the emergence of mixed (vibronic) quantum beat between approximately 3 THz and 0.3 THz. We highlight a well-structured, bi-directional time-frequency transfer of these diverse phonon modes, each developing at different times and transitioning from high to low frequencies from 3 to 0.3 THz, before reversing direction and ascending to around 0.8 THz. First-principles molecular dynamics simulations disentangle a complex web of coherent phononic coupling pathways and identify the salient roles of the initial modes in shaping entropy evolution at later stages. Capitalizing on coherent entropy transfer and dynamic anharmonicity presents a compelling opportunity to exceed the fundamental thermodynamic (Shockley-Queisser) limit of photoconversion efficiency and to pioneer novel optoelectronic functionalities.

Published
2024
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7. Hydrogen Trapping and Embrittlement in Metals -- A Review

Author

Chen, Y. -S., Huang, C., Liu, P. -Y., Yen, H. -W., Niu, R., Burr, P., Moore, K. L., Martínez-Pañeda, E., Atrens, A., and Cairney, J. M.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Hydrogen embrittlement in metals (HE) is a serious challenge for the use of high strength materials in engineering practice and a major barrier to the use of hydrogen for global decarbonization. Here we describe the factors and variables that determine HE susceptibility and provide an overview of the latest understanding of HE mechanisms. We discuss hydrogen uptake and how it can be managed. We summarize hydrogen trapping and the techniques used for its characterization. We also review literature that argues that hydrogen trapping can be used to decrease HE susceptibility. We discuss the future research that is required to advance the understanding of HE and hydrogen trapping and to develop HE-resistant alloys.

Published
2024

8. Extreme Terahertz Magnon Multiplication Induced by Resonant Magnetic Pulse Pairs

Author

Huang, C., Luo, L., Mootz, M., Shang, J., Man, P., Su, L., Perakis, I. E., Yao, Y. X., Wu, A., and Wang, J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Nonlinear interactions of spin-waves and their quanta, magnons, have emerged as prominent candidates for interference-based technology, ranging from quantum transduction to antiferromagnetic spintronics. Yet magnon multiplication in the terahertz (THz) spectral region represents a major challenge. Intense, resonant magnetic fields from THz pulse-pairs with controllable phases and amplitudes enable high order THz magnon multiplication, distinct from non-resonant nonlinearities such as the high harmonic generation by below-band gap electric fields. Here, we demonstrate exceptionally high-order THz nonlinear magnonics. It manifests as 7$^\text{th}$-order spin-wave-mixing and 6$^\text{th}$ harmonic magnon generation in an antiferromagnetic orthoferrite. We use THz multi-dimensional coherent spectroscopy to achieve high-sensitivity detection of nonlinear magnon interactions up to six-magnon quanta in strongly-driven many-magnon correlated states. The high-order magnon multiplication, supported by classical and quantum spin simulations, elucidates the significance of four-fold magnetic anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya symmetry breaking. Moreover, our results shed light on the potential quantum fluctuation properties inherent in nonlinear magnons.

Published
2024
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9. Magnetic properties of binary alloys Ni1-xMox and Ni1-yCuy close to critical concentrations

Author

Lin, R. -Z., Hsu, C. -H., Liu, E. -P., Chen, W. -T., and Huang, C. -L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The search for the ferromagnetic quantum critical point (FM QCP) has always been a captivating research topic in the scientific community. In pursuit of this goal, we introduced nonmagnetic transition metals to alloy with elemental nickel, and studied the magnetic properties of nickel binary alloys Ni1-xMox and Ni1-yCuy as a function of x and y up to the critical concentrations x_{cr} and y_{cr} at which the FM transition T_C disappears. T_C-x(y) phase diagrams were constructed via the Arrott-Noakes scaling of magnetization data. An enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient (the value of C/T as T \rightarrow 0) is observed near y_{cr}, manifesting the effect of quantum fluctuations near the quantum phase transition. It is evident that C/T diverges with -logT down to 0.1 K in the vicinity of y_{cr}, suggests the plausible FM QCP in Ni1-yCuy. However, in the case of Ni1-xMox, although the enhancement of the Sommerfeld coefficient is also observed near x_{cr}, the spin glass behavior is identified through the ac magnetic susceptibility measurement. This observation rules out the possibility of the existence of the FM QCP in Ni1-xMox., Comment: The phase diagram figure is distorted during the conversion from jpg tp eps format

Published
2024
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10. Ordered magnetic fields around the 3C 84 central black hole

Author

Paraschos, G. F., Kim, J. -Y., Wielgus, M., Röder, J., Krichbaum, T. P., Ros, E., Agudo, I., Myserlis, I., Moscibrodzka, M., Traianou, E., Zensus, J. A., Blackburn, L., Chan, C. -K., Issaoun, S., Janssen, M., Johnson, M. D., Fish, V. L., Akiyama, K., Alberdi, A., Alef, W., Algaba, J. C., Anantua, R., Asada, K., Azulay, R., Bach, U., Baczko, A. -K., Ball, D., Baloković, M., Barrett, J., Bauböck, M., Benson, B. A., Bintley, D., Blundell, R., Bouman, K. L., Bower, G. C., Boyce, H., Bremer, M., Brinkerink, C. D., Brissenden, R., Britzen, S., Broderick, A. E., Broguiere, D., Bronzwaer, T., Bustamante, S., Byun, D. -Y., Carlstrom, J. E., Ceccobello, C., Chael, A., Chang, D. O., Chatterjee, K., Chatterjee, S., Chen, M. T., Chen, Y., Cheng, X., Cho, I., Christian, P., Conroy, N. S., Conway, J. E., Cordes, J. M., Crawford, T. M., Crew, G. B., Cruz-Osorio, A., Cui, Y., Dahale, R., Davelaar, J., De Laurentis, M., Deane, R., Dempsey, J., Desvignes, G., Dexter, J., Dhruv, V., Doeleman, S. S., Dougal, S., Dzib, S. A., Eatough, R. P., Emami, R., Falcke, H., Farah, J., Fomalont, E., Ford, H. A., Foschi, M., Fraga-Encinas, R., Freeman, W. T., Friberg, P., Fromm, C. M., Fuentes, A., Galison, P., Gammie, C. F., García, R., Gentaz, O., Georgiev, B., Goddi, C., Gold, R., Gómez-Ruiz, A. I., Gómez, J. L., Gu, M., Gurwell, M., Hada, K., Haggard, D., Haworth, K., Hecht, M. H., Hesper, R., Heumann, D., Ho, L. C., Ho, P., Honma, M., Huang, C. L., Huang, L., Hughes, D. H., Ikeda, S., Impellizzeri, C. M. V., Inoue, M., James, D. J., Jannuzi, B. T., Jeter, B., Jaing, W., Jiménez-Rosales, A., Jorstad, S., Joshi, A. V., Jung, T., Karami, M., Karuppusamy, R., Kawashima, T., Keating, G. K., Kettenis, M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, J., Kino, M., Koay, J. Y., Kocherlakota, P., Kofuji, Y., Koch, P. M., Koyama, S., Kramer, C., Kramer, J. A., Kramer, M., Kuo, C. -Y., La Bella, N., Lauer, T. R., Lee, D., Lee, S. -S., Leung, P. K., Levis, A., Li, Z., Lico, R., Lindahl, G., Lindqvist, M., Lisakov, M., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liuzzo, E., Lo, W. -P., Lobanov, A. P., Loinard, L., Lonsdale, C. J., Lowitz, A. E., Lu, R. -S., MacDonald, N. R., Mao, J., Marchili, N., Markoff, S., Marrone, D. P., Marscher, A. P., Martí-Vidal, I., Matsushita, S., Matthews, L. D., Medeiros, L., Menten, K. M., Michalik, D., Mizuno, I., Mizuno, Y., Moran, J. M., Moriyama, K., Mulaudzi, W., Müller, C., Müller, H., Mus, A., Musoke, G., Nadolski, A., Nagai, H., Nagar, N. M., Nakamura, M., Narayanan, G., Natarajan, I., Nathanail, A., Fuentes, S. Navarro, Neilsen, J., Neri, R., Ni, C., Noutsos, A., Nowak, M. A., Oh, J., Okino, H., Olivares, H., Ortiz-León, G. N., Oyama, T., Özel, F., Palumbo, D. C. M., Park, J., Parsons, H., Patel, N., Pen, U. -L., Piétu, V., Plambeck, R., PopStefanija, A., Porth, O., Pötzl, F. M., Prather, B., Preciado-López, J. A., Psaltis, D., Pu, H. -Y., Ramakrishnan, V., Rao, R., Rawlings, M. G., Raymond, A. W., Rezzolla, L., Ricarte, A., Ripperda, B., Roelofs, F., Rogers, A., Romero-Cañizales, C., Roshanineshat, A., Rottmann, H., Roy, A. L., Ruiz, I., Ruszczyk, C., Rygl, K. L. J., Sánchez, S., Sánchez-Argüelles, D., Sánchez-Portal, M., Sasada, M., Satapathy, K., Savolainen, T., Schloerb, F. P., Schonfeld, J., Schuster, K., Shao, L., Shen, Z., Small, D., Sohn, B. W., SooHoo, J., Salas, L. D. Sosapanta, Souccar, K., Sun, H., Tazaki, F., Tetarenko, A. J., Tiede, P., Tilanus, R. P. J., Titus, M., Torne, P., Toscano, T., Trent, T., Trippe, S., Turk, M., van Bemmel, I., van Langevelde, H. J., van Rossum, D. R., Vos, J., Wagner, J., Ward-Thompson, D., Wardle, J., Washington, J. E., Weintroub, J., Wharton, R., Wiik, K., Witzel, G., Wondrak, M. F., Wong, G. N., Wu, Q., Yadlapalli, N., Yamaguchi, P., Yfantis, A., Yoon, D., Young, A., Young, K., Younsi, Z., Yu, W., Yuan, F., Yuan, Y. -F., Zhang, S., Zhao, G. Y., and Zhao, S. -S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

3C84 is a nearby radio source with a complex total intensity structure, showing linear polarisation and spectral patterns. A detailed investigation of the central engine region necessitates the use of VLBI above the hitherto available maximum frequency of 86GHz. Using ultrahigh resolution VLBI observations at the highest available frequency of 228GHz, we aim to directly detect compact structures and understand the physical conditions in the compact region of 3C84. We used EHT 228GHz observations and, given the limited (u,v)-coverage, applied geometric model fitting to the data. We also employed quasi-simultaneously observed, multi-frequency VLBI data for the source in order to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the core structure. We report the detection of a highly ordered, strong magnetic field around the central, SMBH of 3C84. The brightness temperature analysis suggests that the system is in equipartition. We determined a turnover frequency of $\nu_m=(113\pm4)$GHz, a corresponding synchrotron self-absorbed magnetic field of $B_{SSA}=(2.9\pm1.6)$G, and an equipartition magnetic field of $B_{eq}=(5.2\pm0.6)$G. Three components are resolved with the highest fractional polarisation detected for this object ($m_\textrm{net}=(17.0\pm3.9)$%). The positions of the components are compatible with those seen in low-frequency VLBI observations since 2017-2018. We report a steeply negative slope of the spectrum at 228GHz. We used these findings to test models of jet formation, propagation, and Faraday rotation in 3C84. The findings of our investigation into different flow geometries and black hole spins support an advection-dominated accretion flow in a magnetically arrested state around a rapidly rotating supermassive black hole as a model of the jet-launching system in the core of 3C84. However, systematic uncertainties due to the limited (u,v)-coverage, however, cannot be ignored., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, published in A&A

Published
2024
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11. Non-Fermi-liquid behavior in a ferromagnetic heavy fermion system CeTi$_{1-x}$V$_{x}$Ge$_{3}$

Author

Lin, R. -Z., Jin, H., Klavins, P., Chen, W. -T., Chang, Y. -Y., Chung, C. -H., Taufour, V., and Huang, C. -L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

An investigation of the thermodynamic and electrical transport properties of the isoelectronic chemical substitution series CeTi$_{1-x}$V$_{x}$Ge$_{3}$ (CTVG) single crystals is reported. As x increases, the ferromagnetic (FM) transition temperature is suppressed, reaching absolute zero at the critical concentration x = 0.4, where a non-Fermi-liquid low-temperature specific heat and electrical resistivity, as well as the hyperscaling of specific heat and magnetization are found. Our study clearly identifies an FM quantum critical point (QCP) in CTVG. The obtained critical exponents suggest that CTVG falls in the preasymptotic region of the disorder-tuned FM QCP predicted by the Belitz-Kirkpatrick-Vojta theory.

Published
2024
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12. Discovery of an Unconventional Quantum Echo by Interference of Higgs Coherence

Author

Huang, C., Mootz, M., Luo, L., Cheng, D., Park, J. M., Kim, R. H. J., Qiang, Y., Quito, V. L., Yao, Yongxin, Orth, P. P., Perakis, I. E., and Wang, J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Nonlinearities in quantum systems are fundamentally characterized by the interplay of phase coherences, their interference, and state transition amplitudes. Yet the question of how quantum coherence and interference manifest in transient, massive Higgs excitations, prevalent within both the quantum vacuum and superconductors, remains elusive. One hallmark example is photon echo, enabled by the generation, preservation, and retrieval of phase coherences amid multiple excitations. Here we reveal an unconventional quantum echo arising from the Higgs coherence in superconductors, and identify distinctive signatures attributed to Higgs anharmonicity. A terahertz pulse-pair modulation of the superconducting gap generates a "time grating" of coherent Higgs population, which scatters echo signals distinct from conventional spin- and photon-echoes in atoms and semiconductors. These manifestations appear as Higgs echo spectral peaks occurring at frequencies forbidden by equilibrium particle-hole symmetry, an asymmetric delay in the echo formation from the dynamics of the "reactive" superconducting state, and negative time signals arising from Higgs-quasiparticle anharmonic coupling. The Higgs interference and anharmonicity control the decoherence of driven superconductivity and may enable applications in quantum memory and entanglement.

Published
2023

13. Absolute Flux Density Calibration of the Greenland Telescope Data for Event Horizon Telescope Observations

Author

Koay, J. Y., Asada, K., Matsushita, S., Kuo, C. -Y., Huang, C. -W. L., Romero-Cañizales, C., Koyama, S., Park, J., Lo, W. -P., Bower, G., Chen, M. -T., Chang, S. -H., Chen, C. -C., Chilson, R., Han, C. C., Ho, P. T. P., Huang, Y. -D., Inoue, M., Jeter, B., Jiang, H., Koch, P. M., Kubo, D., Li, C. -T., Liu, C. -T., Liu, K. -Y., Martin-Cocher, P., Nakamura, M., Norton, T. J., Nystrom, G., Oshiro, P., Patel, N., Pen, U. -L., Pu, H. -Y, Raffin, P. A., Rao, R., Sridharan, T. K., Srinivasan, R., and Wei, T. -S

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Starting from the observing campaign in April 2018, the Greenland Telescope (GLT) has been added as a new station of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) array. Visibilities on baselines to the GLT, particularly in the North-South direction, potentially provide valuable new constraints for the modeling and imaging of sources such as M87*. The GLT's location at high Northern latitudes adds unique challenges to its calibration strategies. Additionally, the performance of the GLT was not optimal during the 2018 observations due to it being only partially commissioned at the time. This document describes the steps taken to estimate the various parameters (and their uncertainties) required for the absolute flux calibration of the GLT data as part of the EHT. In particular, we consider the non-optimized status of the GLT in 2018, as well as its improved performance during the 2021 EHT campaign., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, EHT Memo Series 2023-L1-02

Published
2023

15. Interstellar carbonaceous dust erosion induced by X-ray irradiation of water ice in star-forming regions

Author

Chuang, K. -J., Jaeger, C., Sie, N. -E., Huang, C. -H., Lee, C. -Y., Hsu, Y. -Y., Henning, Th., and Chen, Y. -J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The chemical inventory of protoplanetary midplanes is the basis for forming planetesimals. Among them, solid-state reactions based on CO/CO$_2$ toward molecular complexity on interstellar dust grains have been studied in theoretical and laboratory work. In this work, the erosion of C dust grains induced by X-ray irradiation of H$_2$O ice was systematically investigated for the first time. The work aims to provide a better understanding of the reaction mechanism using selectively isotope-labeled oxygen/carbon species in kinetic analysis. Ultrahigh vacuum experiments were performed to study the interstellar ice analog on sub-$\mu$m thick C dust at $\sim$13~K. H$_2$O or O$_2$ ice was deposited on the pre-synthesized amorphous C dust and exposed to soft X-ray photons (250--1250~eV). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor in situ the newly formed species as a function of the incident photon fluence. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to monitor the morphological changes of (non-)eroded carbon samples. The X-ray processing of the ice/dust interface leads to the formation of CO$_2$, which further dissociates and forms CO. Carbonyl groups are formed by oxygen addition to grain surfaces and are confirmed as intermediate species in the formation process. The yields of CO and CO$_2$ were found to be dependent on the thickness of the carbon layer. The astronomical relevance of the experimental findings is discussed., Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, 1 table

Published
2023
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16. A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134

Author

Rescigno, F., Hébrard, G., Vanderburg, A., Mann, A. W., Mortier, A., Morrell, S., Buchhave, L. A., Collins, K. A., Mann, C. R., Hellier, C., Haywood, R. D., West, R., Stalport, M., Heidari, N., Anderson, D., Huang, C. X., López-Morales, M., Cortés-Zuleta, P., Lewis, H. M., Dumusque, X., Boisse, I., Rowden, P., Cameron, A. Collier, Deleuil, M., Vezie, M., Pepe, F. A., Delfosse, X., Charbonneau, D., Rice, K., Demangeon, O., Quinn, S. N., Udry, S., Forveille, T., Winn, J. N., Sozzetti, A., Hoyer, S., Seager, S., Wilson, T. G., Dalal, S., Martioli, E., Striegel, S., Boschin, W., Dragomir, D., Fiorenzano, A. F. Martínez, Cosentino, R., Ghedina, A., Malavolta, L., Affer, L., Lakeland, B. S., Nicholson, B. A., Foschino, S., Wünsche, A., Barkaoui, K., Srdoc, G., Randolph, J., Guillet, B., Conti, D. M., Ghachoui, M., Gillon, M., Benkhaldoun, Z., Pozuelos, F. J., Timmermans, M., Girardin, E., Matutano, S., Bosch-Cabot, P., Muñoz, J. A., and Forés-Toribio, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the characterisation of an inner mini-Neptune in a 9.2292005$\pm$0.0000063 day orbit and an outer mono-transiting sub-Saturn planet in a 95.50$^{+0.36}_{-0.25}$ day orbit around the moderately active, bright (mv=8.9 mag) K5V star TOI-2134. Based on our analysis of five sectors of TESS data, we determine the radii of TOI-2134b and c to be 2.69$\pm$0.16 R$_{e}$ for the inner planet and 7.27$\pm$0.42 R$_{e}$ for the outer one. We acquired 111 radial-velocity spectra with HARPS-N and 108 radial-velocity spectra with SOPHIE. After careful periodogram analysis, we derive masses for both planets via Gaussian Process regression: 9.13$^{+0.78}_{-0.76}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134b and 41.86$^{+7.69}_{-7.83}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134c. We analysed the photometric and radial-velocity data first separately, then jointly. The inner planet is a mini-Neptune with density consistent with either a water-world or a rocky core planet with a low-mass H/He envelope. The outer planet has a bulk density similar to Saturn's. The outer planet is derived to have a significant eccentricity of 0.67$^{+0.05}_{-0.06}$ from a combination of photometry and RVs. We compute the irradiation of TOI-2134c as 1.45$\pm$0.10 times the bolometric flux received by Earth, positioning it for part of its orbit in the habitable sone of its system. We recommend further RV observations to fully constrain the orbit of TOI-2134c. With an expected Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect amplitude of 7.2$\pm$1.3 m/s, we recommend TOI-2134c for follow-up RM analysis to study the spin-orbit architecture of the system. We calculate the Transmission Spectroscopy Metric, and both planets are suitable for bright-mode NIRCam atmospheric characterisation., Comment: 24 pages, 7 tables, 14 figures

Published
2023
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17. Identifying the ceRNA Regulatory Network in Early-Stage Acute Pancreatitis and Investigating the Therapeutic Potential of NEAT1 in Mouse Models

Author

Lin B and Huang C

Subjects
acute pancreatitis, lncrna, cerna, neat1, pyroptosis, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Bi Lin,1 Chaohao Huang2 1Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Chaohao Huang, Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China, Email kirbylin2010@sina.comPurpose: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive disorder characterized by high morbidity and mortality. This study aims to uncover differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs, as well as related pathways, in the early stage of acute pancreatitis (AP), with a focus on the role of Neat1 in AP and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods: In this study, we performed high-throughput RNA sequencing on pancreatic tissue samples from three normal mice and three mice with cerulein-induced AP to describe and analyze the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted on the differentially expressed mRNAs to identify enriched pathways and biological processes. An lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network was constructed to elucidate potential regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, we utilized Neat1 knockout mice to investigate the role of Neat1 in the pathogenesis of cerulein-AP and L-arginine-severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Results: Our results revealed that 261 lncRNAs and 1522 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the cerulein-AP group compared to the control group. GO and KEGG analyses of the differentially expressed mRNAs indicated that the functions of the corresponding genes are enriched in cellular metabolism, intercellular structure, and positive regulation of inflammation, which are closely related to the central events in the pathogenesis of AP. A ceRNA network involving 5 lncRNAs, 226 mRNAs, and 61 miRNAs were constructed. Neat1 was identified to have the potential therapeutic effects in AP. Neat1 knockout in mice inhibited pyroptosis in both the AP/SAP mouse models.Conclusion: We found that lncRNAs, particularly Neat1, play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AP. This finding may provide new insights into further exploring the pathogenesis of SAP and could lead to the identification of new targets for the treatment of AP and SAP.Keywords: acute pancreatitis, lncRNA, ceRNA, NEAT1, pyroptosis

Published
2024

18. Hepatoma-Targeting and ROS-Responsive Polymeric Micelle-Based Chemotherapy Combined with Photodynamic Therapy for Hepatoma Treatment

Author

Xu X, Lu W, Zhang H, Wang X, Huang C, Huang Q, and Xu W

Subjects
ros-responsive polymeric micelles, photodynamic therapy, hepatoma-targeting, celastrol, combination anti-hepatoma therapy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Xueya Xu,* Weili Lu,* Hua Zhang, Xiaoying Wang, Caixia Huang, Qiuping Huang, Wen Xu, Wei Xu Pharmacy College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaoying Wang; Wei Xu, Pharmacy College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1 Qiuyang Road, Fuzhou, 350122, People’s Republic of China, Email 2003032@fjtcm.edu.cn; 2000017@fjtcm.edu.cnBackground: The combination of nanoplatform-based chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising way to treat cancer. Celastrol (Cela) exhibits highly effective anti-hepatoma activity with low water solubility, poor bioavailability, non-tumor targeting, and toxic side effects. The combination of Cela-based chemotherapy and PDT via hepatoma-targeting and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive polymeric micelles (PMs) could solve the application problem of Cela and further enhance antitumor efficacy.Methods: In this study, Cela and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) co-loaded glycyrrhetinic acid-modified carboxymethyl chitosan-thioketal-rhein (GCTR) PMs (Cela/Ce6/GCTR PMs) were prepared and characterized. The safety, ROS-sensitive drug release, and intracellular ROS production were evaluated. Furthermore, the in vitro anti-hepatoma effect and cellular uptaken in HepG2 and BEL-7402 cells, and in vivo pharmacokinetic, tissue distribution, and antitumor efficacy of Cela/Ce6/GCTR PMs in H22 tumor-bearing mice were then investigated.Results: Cela/Ce6/GCTR PMs were successfully prepared with nanometer-scale particle size, favorable drug loading capacity, and encapsulation efficiency. Cela/Ce6/GCTR PMs exhibited a strong safety profile and better hemocompatibility, exhibiting less damage to normal tissues. Compared with Cela-loaded GCTR PMs, the ROS-responsiveness of Cela/Ce6/GCTR PMs was increased, and the release of Cela was accelerated after combination with PDT. Cela/Ce6/GCTR PMs can efficiently target liver tumor cells by uptake and have a high cell-killing effect in response to ROS. The combination of GCTR PM-based chemotherapy and PDT resulted in increased bioavailability of Cela and Ce6, improved liver tumor targeting, and better anti-hepatoma effects in vivo.Conclusion: Hepatoma-targeting and ROS-responsive GCTR PMs co-loaded with Cela and Ce6 combined with PDT exhibited improved primary hepatic carcinoma therapeutic effects with lower toxicity to normal tissues, overcoming the limitations of monotherapy and providing new strategies for tumor treatment. Keywords: ROS-responsive polymeric micelles, photodynamic therapy, hepatoma-targeting, celastrol, combination anti-hepatoma therapy

Published
2024

19. Towards a Region-Wide Glycaemic Management System: Strategies and Applications for Glycaemic Management of Patients with Diabetes During Hospitalisation

Author

He M, Wu H, Lin G, Wang Y, Shi L, Huang C, Xu Q, Li Z, Huang S, Chen Y, and Li N

Subjects
diabetic, glucose management, professional team, guarantee for the health, improve medical efficiency, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Min He, Huinan Wu, Guanrong Lin, Yongqin Wang, Longling Shi, Chaoling Huang, Qingyun Xu, Zhenxing Li, Shanbo Huang, Yanni Chen, Na Li Department of Endocrinology, Shishi General Hospital, Shishi, Fujian, 362700, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Min He, Department of Endocrinology, Shishi General Hospital, No. 2156 Shijin Road, Shishi, Fujian, 362700, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613506048712, Email heminhem463@163.comObjective: This study proposes a region-wide blood glucose management system to solve the problem of blood glucose management in patients with diabetes.Methods: A professional team of doctors, nurses and dietitians jointly developed a region-wide blood glucose management system. The system operates through a collaborative approach where each team member utilises their specialised role, such as data monitoring, algorithm development or patient support, to contribute to a comprehensive blood glucose management network. This integration ensures accurate glucose tracking, personalised feedback and timely adjustments to treatment plans. The system allows the patient to have a good treatment plan, giving comprehensive medical guidance, and the physician team is responsible for the patient’s health status.Results: The region-wide blood glucose management system increased the overall blood glucose monitoring rate of patients and reduced the hospitalisation time (from 11.27 days to 9.52 days) and hospitalisation costs (from 12,173.8 yuan to 9502.4 yuan). At the same time, the system effectively counted the incidence and occurrence time of hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia adverse events, which can provide a reference for clinical prevention of adverse events.Conclusion: A region-wide blood glucose management system can improve medical efficiency, save medical resources and provide a strong guarantee for the health of patients with diabetes. Compared with the traditional diabetes management mode, the region-wide blood glucose management system is more systematic and standardised, meaning it can better meet the needs of patients with diabetes.Keywords: diabetic, glucose management, professional team, guarantee for the health, improve medical efficiency

Published
2024

20. Prognostic Factors That Affect Mortality Patients with Acinetobacter baumannii Bloodstream Infection

Author

Huang C, Gao Y, Lin H, Fan Q, Chen L, and Feng Y

Subjects
acinetobacter baumannii, bloodstream infection, mortality, prognostic predictors, multidrug-resistance., Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Chunrong Huang,1,2,* Yulian Gao,1,2,* Hongxia Lin,1– 3,* Qinmei Fan,4,* Ling Chen,1,2 Yun Feng1,2 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People’s hospital of Jin Zhong, JinZhong, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ling Chen; Yun Feng, Email co840608@hotmail.com; fy01057@163.comBackground: To evaluate the clinical features of patients with Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infection (BSI).Methods: Totally 200 inpatients with Acinetobacter baumannii BSI were included, clinical features of Acinetobacter baumannii BSI inpatients between 90-day survival and 90-day mortality groups, between 30-day survival and 30-day mortality groups, between patients infected with multidrug-resistant (MDR group) and sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii (sensitive group) were analyzed. The prognostic factors of 90-day mortality were analyzed by univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression. The survival curve in bloodstream infectious patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR group) and sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii (sensitive group) was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier analysis.Results: The 90-day mortality patients had significantly higher carbapenem-resistant bacterial infection and critical care unit (ICU) admission. The 90-day and 30-day mortality groups showed higher C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum creatinine (Scr) levels and lower red blood cells (RBC) and albumin (ALB) levels than their survival counterparts, respectively. Critical surgery, ICU admission and delayed antibiotic treatment were independently prognostic risk predictors for 90-day mortality in Acinetobacter baumannii BSI patients, while critical surgery and diabetes were independently prognostic risk predictors for 90-day mortality in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii BSI patients. Compared with sensitive group, MDR group showed significantly longer ICU and whole hospital stay, lower levels of lymphocytes, RBC, hemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase and ALB, higher frequency of infection originating from the skin and skin structure. Moreover, patients in the MDR group had a significantly worse overall survival than the sensitive group.Conclusion: We identified the prognostic factors of Acinetobacter baumannii BSI and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii BSI patients. Critical surgery, ICU admission, delayed antibiotic treatment or diabetes were significantly associated with the mortality of those patients. Moreover, aggressive measures to control MDR Acinetobacter baumannii could lead to improved outcomes. Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, bloodstream infection, mortality, prognostic predictors, multidrug-resistance

Published
2024

21. Deformations at Earth's dayside magnetopause during quasi-radial IMF conditions: Global kinetic simulations and soft X-ray imaging

Author

Yang, Zhongwei, Jarvinen, R., Guo, X. C., Sun, T. R., Koutroumpa, D., Parks, G. K., Huang, C., Tang, B. B., Lu, Q. M., and Wang, C.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) is an ESA-CAS joint mission. Primary goals are investigating the dynamic response of the Earth's magnetosphere to the solar wind (SW) impact via simultaneous in situ magnetosheath (MS) plasma and magnetic field measurements, X-Ray images of the magnetosheath and magnetic cusps, and UV images of global auroral distributions. Magnetopause (MP) deformations associated with MS high speed jets (HSJs) under a quasi-parallel interplanetary magnetic field condition are studied using a three-dimensional (3-D) global hybrid simulation. Soft X-ray intensity calculated based on both physical quantities of solar wind proton and oxygen ions is compared. We obtain key findings concerning deformations at the MP: (1) MP deformations are highly coherent with the MS HSJs generated at the quasiparallel region of the bow shock, (2) X-ray intensities estimated using solar wind H+ and self-consistent O7+ ions are consistent with each other, (3) Visual spacecraft are employed to check the discrimination ability for capturing MP deformations on Lunar and polar orbits, respectively. The SMILE spacecraft on the polar orbit could be expected to provide opportunities for capturing the global geometry of the magnetopause in the equatorial plane. A striking point is that SMILE has the potential to capture small-scale MP deformations and MS transients, such as HSJs, at medium altitudes on its orbit.

Published
2023

22. Realization of a crosstalk-avoided quantum network node with dual-type qubits by the same ion species

Author

Feng, L., Huang, Y. -Y, Wu, Y. -K., Guo, W. -X., Ma, J. -Y., Yang, H. -X., Zhang, L., Wang, Y., Huang, C. -X., Zhang, C., Yao, L., Qi, B. -X., Pu, Y. -F., Zhou, Z. -C., and Duan, L. -M.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Generating ion-photon entanglement is a crucial step for scalable trapped-ion quantum networks. To avoid the crosstalk on memory qubits carrying quantum information, it is common to use a different ion species for ion-photon entanglement generation such that the scattered photons are far off-resonant for the memory qubits. However, such a dual-species scheme requires elaborate control of the portion and the location of different ion species, and can be subject to inefficient sympathetic cooling. Here we demonstrate a trapped-ion quantum network node in the dual-type qubit scheme where two types of qubits are encoded in the $S$ and $F$ hyperfine structure levels of ${}^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^+$ ions. We generate ion photon entanglement for the $S$-qubit in a typical timescale of hundreds of milliseconds, and verify its small crosstalk on a nearby $F$-qubit with coherence time above seconds. Our work demonstrates an enabling function of the dual-type qubit scheme for scalable quantum networks.

Published
2023

23. Transcriptomic classification of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identifies a high-risk activated B-cell-like subpopulation with targetable MYC dysregulation

Author

Stokes, Matthew E., Wenzl, Kerstin, Huang, C. Chris, Ortiz, María, Hsu, Chih-Chao, Maurer, Matthew J., Stong, Nicholas, Nakayama, Yumi, Wu, Lei, Chiu, Hsiling, Polonskaia, Ann, Danziger, Samuel A., Towfic, Fadi, Parker, Joel, King, Rebecca L., Link, Brian K., Slager, Susan L., Sarangi, Vivekananda, Asmann, Yan W., Novak, Joseph P., Sudhindra, Akshay, Ansell, Stephen M., Habermann, Thomas M., Hagner, Patrick R., Nowakowski, Grzegorz S., Cerhan, James R., Novak, Anne J., and Gandhi, Anita K.

Published
2024
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24. Multiomic analysis identifies a high-risk signature that predicts early clinical failure in DLBCL

Author

Wenzl, Kerstin, Stokes, Matthew E., Novak, Joseph P., Bock, Allison M., Khan, Sana, Hopper, Melissa A., Krull, Jordan E., Dropik, Abigail R., Walker, Janek S., Sarangi, Vivekananda, Mwangi, Raphael, Ortiz, Maria, Stong, Nicholas, Huang, C. Chris, Maurer, Matthew J., Rimsza, Lisa, Link, Brian K., Slager, Susan L., Asmann, Yan, Mondello, Patrizia, Morin, Ryan, Ansell, Stephen M., Habermann, Thomas M., Witzig, Thomas E., Feldman, Andrew L., King, Rebecca L., Nowakowski, Grzegorz, Cerhan, James R., Gandhi, Anita K., and Novak, Anne J.

Published
2024
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29. TOI-1130: A photodynamical analysis of a hot Jupiter in resonance with an inner low-mass planet

Author

Korth, J., Gandolfi, D., Šubjak, J., Howard, S., Ataiee, S., Collins, K. A., Quinn, S. N., Mustill, A. J., Guillot, T., Lodieu, N., Smith, A. M. S., Esposito, M., Rodler, F., Muresan, A., Abe, L., Albrecht, S. H., Alqasim, A., Barkaoui, K., Beck, P. G., Burke, C. J., Butler, R. P., Conti, D. M., Collins, K. I., Crane, J. D., Dai, F., Deeg, H. J., Evans, P., Grziwa, S., Hatzes, A. P., Hirano, T., Horne, K., Huang, C. X., Jenkins, J. M., Kabáth, P., Kielkopf, J. F., Knudstrup, E., Latham, D. W., Livingston, J., Luque, R., Mathur, S., Murgas, F., Osborne, H. L. M., Pallé, E., Persson, C. M., Rodriguez, J. E., Rose, M., Rowden, P., Schwarz, R. P., Seager, S., Serrano, L. M., Sha, L., Shectman, S. A., Shporer, A., Srdoc, G., Stockdale, C., Tan, T. G., Teske, J. K., Van Eylen, V., Vanderburg, A., Vanderspek, R., Wang, S. X., and Winn, J. N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The TOI-1130 is a known planetary system around a K-dwarf consisting of a gas giant planet, TOI-1130 c, on an 8.4-day orbit, accompanied by an inner Neptune-sized planet, TOI-1130 b, with an orbital period of 4.1 days. We collected precise radial velocity (RV) measurements of TOI-1130 with the HARPS and PFS spectrographs as part of our ongoing RV follow-up program. We perform a photodynamical modeling of the HARPS and PFS RVs, and transit photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and the TESS Follow-up Observing Program. We determine the planet masses and radii of TOI-1130 b and TOI-1130 c to be Mb = 19.28 $\pm$ 0.97 M$_\oplus$ and Rb = 3.56 $\pm$ 0.13 R$_\oplus$, and Mc = 325.59 $\pm$ 5.59 M$_\oplus$ and Rc = 13.32+1.55-1.41 R$_\oplus$, respectively. We spectroscopically confirm TOI-1130 b that was previously only validated. We find that the two planets orbit with small eccentricities in a 2:1 resonant configuration. This is the first known system with a hot Jupiter and an inner lower mass planet locked in a mean-motion resonance. TOI-1130 belongs to the small yet increasing population of hot Jupiters with an inner low-mass planet that challenges the pathway for hot Jupiter formation. We also detect a linear RV trend possibly due to the presence of an outer massive companion., Comment: 19 pages, Accepted to A&A

Published
2023
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30. The two rings of (50000) Quaoar

Author

Pereira, C. L., Sicardy, B., Morgado, B. E., Braga-Ribas, F., Fernández-Valenzuela, E., Souami, D., Holler, B. J., Boufleur, R. C., Margoti, G., Assafin, M., Ortiz, J. L., Santos-Sanz, P., Epinat, B., Kervella, P., Desmars, J., Vieira-Martins, R., Kilic, Y., Gomes-Júnior, A. R., Camargo, J. I. B., Emilio, M., Vara-Lubiano, M., Kretlow, M., Albert, L., Alcock, C., Ball, J. G., Bender, K., Buie, M. W., Butterfield, K., Camarca, M., Castro-Chacón, J. H., Dunford, R., Fisher, R. S., Gamble, D., Geary, J. C., Gnilka, C. L., Green, K. D., Hartman, Z. D., Huang, C-K., Januszewski, H., Johnston, J., Kagitani, M., Kamin, R., Kavelaars, J. J., Keller, J. M., de Kleer, K. R., Lehner, M. J., Luken, A., Marchis, F., Marlin, T., McGregor, K., Nikitin, V., Nolthenius, R., Patrick, C., Redfield, S., Rengstorf, A. W., Reyes-Ruiz, M., Seccull, T., Skrutskie, M. F., Smith, A. B., Sproul, M., Stephens, A. W., Szentgyorgyi, A., Sánchez-Sanjuán, S., Tatsumi, E., Verbiscer, A., Wang, S-Y., Yoshida, F., Young, R., and Zhang, Z-W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Quaoar is a classical Trans-Neptunian Object (TNO) with an area equivalent diameter of 1,100 km and an orbital semi-major axis of 43.3 astronomical units. Based on stellar occultations observed between 2018 and 2021, an inhomogeneous ring (Q1R, Quaoar's first ring) was detected around this body. Aims. A new stellar occultation by Quaoar was observed on August 9th, 2022 aiming to improve Quaoar's shape models and the physical parameters of Q1R while searching for additional material around the body. Methods. The occultation provided nine effective chords across Quaoar, pinning down its size, shape, and astrometric position. Large facilities, such as Gemini North and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), were used to obtain high acquisition rates and signal-to-noise ratios. The light curves were also used to characterize the Q1R ring (radial profiles and orbital elements). Results. Quaoar's elliptical fit to the occultation chords yields the limb with an apparent semi-major axis of $579.5\pm4.0$ km, apparent oblateness of $0.12\pm0.01$, and area-equivalent radius of $543\pm2$ km. Quaoar's limb orientation is consistent with Q1R and Weywot orbiting in Quaoar's equatorial plane. The orbital radius of Q1R is refined to a value of $4,057\pm6$ km. The radial opacity profile of the more opaque ring profile follows a Lorentzian shape that extends over 60 km, with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of $\sim5$ km and a peak normal optical depth of 0.4. Besides the secondary events related to the already reported rings, new secondary events detected during the August 2022 occultation in three different data sets are consistent with another ring around Quaoar with a radius of $2,520\pm20$ km, assuming the ring is circular and co-planar with Q1R. This new ring has a typical width of 10 km and a normal optical depth of $\sim$0.004. Like Q1R, it also lies outside Quaoar's classical Roche limit., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (17-April-2023). 18 pages, 12 figures

Published
2023
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31. Dilution induced magnetic localization in Rb(Co$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$)$_{2}$Se$_{2}$ single crystals

Author

Liu, H., Huo, M. W., Huang, C. X., Huang, X., Sun, H. L., Chen, L., Xu, J. P., Yin, W., Li, R. X., and Wang, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We report experimental studies on a series of Rb(Co$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$)$_{2}$Se$_{2}$ (0.02 $\leq x \leq $ 0.9) powder and single crystal samples using x-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, and electronic transport measurements. All compositions are metallic and adopt the body-centered tetragonal structure with $I4/mmm$ space group. Anisotropic magnetic susceptibilities measured on single crystal samples suggest that Rb(Co$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$)$_{2}$Se$_{2}$ undergo an evolution from ferromagnetism to antiferromagnetism, and finally to paramagnetism with increasing Ni concentration. Neutron diffraction measurements on the samples with $x$ = 0.1, 0.4, and 0.6 reveal an $A$-type antiferromagnetic order with moments lying in the $ab$ plane. The moment size changes from 0.69 ($x=0.1$) to 2.80$\mu_B$ ($x=0.6$) per Co ions. Our results demonstrate that dilution of the magnetic Co ions by substitution of nonmagnetic Ni ions induces magnetic localization and evolution from itinerant to localized magnetism in Rb(Co$_{1-x}$Ni$_{x}$)$_{2}$Se$_{2}$.

Published
2023

32. Graph Learning Based Speaker Independent Speech Emotion Recognition

Author

XU, X., HUANG, C., WU, C., WANG, Q., and ZHAO, L.

Subjects
speech emotion recognition, speaker penalty graph learning, graph embedding framework, dimensionality reduction, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895
Abstract

In this paper, the algorithm based on graph learning and graph embedding framework, Speaker-Penalty Graph Learning (SPGL), is proposed in the research of speech emotion recognition to solve the problems caused by different speakers. Graph embedding framework theory is used to construct the dimensionality reduction stage of speech emotion recognition. Special penalty and intrinsic graphs of the graph embedding framework is proposed to penalize the impacts from different speakers in the task of speech emotion recognition. The original speech emotion features are extracted by various categories, reflecting different characteristics of each speech sample. According to the experiments in speech emotion corpus using different classifiers, the proposed method with linear and kernelized mapping forms can both achieve relatively better performance than the state-of-the-art dimensionality reduction methods.

Published
2014
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33. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 rs671 G/A and a/A Genotypes are Associated with the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Author

Li Y, Zhong W, Liu Z, Huang C, Peng J, and Li H

Subjects
aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, acute myocardial infarction, polymorphism, hakka, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Youqian Li,1,2 Wei Zhong,1,2 Zhidong Liu,1,2 Changjing Huang,1,2 Junyin Peng,1,2 Hanlin Li1,2 1Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Youqian Li, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China, Email d_yoyo@163.comBackground: Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a key catalytic enzyme involved in the aldehyde metabolism that plays an important role in the occurrence and development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the relationship of ALDH2 polymorphism and susceptibility to AMI may differ among different regions and populations, and it has not yet been reported in Hakka population. The purpose of the present study was to investigate it in this population.Methods: Four hundred and nineteen AMI patients and 636 individuals without AMI were included in the present study. The ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-microarray. Differences in ALDH2 rs671 genotypes and alleles between patients and controls were compared, and the relationship between ALDH2 rs671 genotypes and AMI risk was analyzed.Results: Patients with AMI had a lower frequency of ALDH2 rs671 G/G genotype (43.2% vs 52.7%, p=0.003), and a higher G/A genotype (45.6% vs 38.5%, p=0.025) than controls. And AMI patients had a lower frequency of ALDH2 rs671 G allele (66.0% vs 71.9%), and a higher A allele (34.0% vs 28.1%) (p=0.004) than controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that overweight (body mass index (BMI)≥ 24.0 kg/m2 vs BMI 18.5– 23.9 kg/m2: odds ratio (OR) 2.046, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.520– 2.754, p< 0.001), history of hypertension (yes vs no: OR 3.464, 95% CI: 2.515– 4.770, p< 0.001), ALDH2 rs671 G/A genotype (G/A vs G/G: OR 1.476, 95% CI: 1.102– 1.976, p=0.009), and A/A genotype (A/A vs G/G: OR 1.656, 95% CI: 1.027– 2.668, p=0.038) maybe the independent risk factors for AMI.Conclusion: Overweight (BMI≥ 24.0 kg/m2), a history of hypertension, and ALDH2 rs671 G/A or A/A genotypes increased the risk of developing AMI in Hakka population.Keywords: aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, acute myocardial infarction, polymorphism, Hakka

Published
2024

34. Xinfeng Capsule Inhibits Pyroptosis and Ameliorates Myocardial Injury in Rats with Adjuvant Arthritis via the GAS5/miR-21/TLR4 Axis

Author

Fu W, Cao Y, Liu J, Huang C, Shu K, and Zhu N

Subjects
adjuvant arthritis, myocardial injury, gas5/mir-21/tlr4 axis, pyroptosis, xinfeng capsule, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Wanlan Fu,1 Yunxiang Cao,2 Jian Liu,2 Chuanbing Huang,2 Kaiyan Shu,1 Nanfei Zhu1 1First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yunxiang Cao, Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 117 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13514984395 ; +0551-62838591, Email cyx800805@163.comPurpose: This study probed the mechanism of action of Xinfeng Capsule (XFC) in myocardial injury in rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA) via the growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5)/microRNA-21 (miR-21)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) axis.Methods: Rats were injected with Freund’s complete adjuvant to establish a rat model of AA. Then, some modeled rats were given normal saline or drugs only, and some modeled rats were injected with adeno-associated viruses or necrosulfonamide (NSA; a pyroptosis inhibitor) before drug administration. Toe swelling and arthritis index (AI) were calculated. Pathological and morphological changes in synovial and myocardial tissues were analyzed with hematoxylin-eosin staining, and pyroptotic vesicles and the ultrastructural changes of myocardial tissues were observed with transmission electron microscopy. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was measured in myocardial tissues, accompanied by the examination of GAS5, miR-21, TLR4, nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) p65, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), Caspase-1, and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression in myocardial tissues.Results: After AA modeling, rats presented with significantly increased toe swelling and AI scores, synovial and myocardial tissue damage, elevated pyroptotic vesicles, and markedly enhanced serum levels of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α, accompanied by significantly diminished GAS5 expression, substantially augmented miR-21, TLR4, NF-κB p65, NLRP3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD expression, greatly increased LDH release in myocardial tissues. XFC treatment significantly declined toe swelling, AI scores, synovial and myocardial tissue damage, and the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α in AA rats. Additionally, XFC treatment markedly elevated GAS5 expression and substantially lowered LDH release and miR-21, TLR4, NF-κB p65, NLRP3, Caspase-1, and GSDMD expression in myocardial tissues of AA rats. Moreover, the above effects of XFC in AA rats were further promoted by GAS5 overexpression or NSA treatment.Conclusion: XFC alleviated myocardial injury in AA rats by regulating the GAS5/miR-21/TLR4 axis and inhibiting pyroptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion.Keywords: adjuvant arthritis, myocardial injury, GAS5/miR-21/TLR4 axis, pyroptosis, Xinfeng Capsule

Published
2024

35. Unveiling the Impact of MRC1 on Immune Infiltration and Patient’s Prognosis: A Pan-Cancer Analysis Based on Single-Cell and Bulk Sequencing

Author

Wu Z and Huang C

Subjects
mrc1, biomarker, immunotherapy, single-cell, pan-cancer analysis, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Zhiwei Wu, Changhao Huang Department of Organ Transplantation, XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Changhao Huang, Email Chhuang@csu.edu.cnPurpose: Mannose receptor C-type 1 (MRC1) is an endocytic lectin receptor primarily expressed in macrophages, dendritic cells, and some endothelial cells. However, the role of MRC1 in cancers remains unclear.Methods: We analyzed MRC1 expression using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), and single-cell datasets. We systematically explored the prognostic implications and diagnostic value of MRC1. Immune-related indicators, including immune cells, immune scores, and immune checkpoint molecules, were used to estimate their correlation with MRC1 expression. Finally, we explored its potential ties to immunotherapy success markers such as tumor mutation burden and DNA repair genes.Results: MRC1 showed both pro- and anti-tumor leanings depending on the cancer types. High levels correlated with poorer outcomes in six cancers but improved prognosis in some cancers like glioblastoma multiforme. This trend extended to the immune arena, where MRC1 intertwined with diverse immune parameters, suggesting its influence on affecting the tumor’s immunological landscape. Intriguingly, its expression positively associated with factors favoring immunotherapy efficacy while negatively correlating with some potential barriers. Single-cell analysis pinpointed a specific link between MRC1 and DNA damage/repair pathways in breast cancer.Conclusion: Our study provides a comprehensive landscape of MRC1 levels and diverse regulatory patterns in different cancers, deepening the understanding of MRC1’s roles in tumorigenesis and immunity.Keywords: MRC1, biomarker, immunotherapy, single-cell, pan-cancer analysis

Published
2024

37. Isolation and characterization of a new Methanosarcina mazei strain GFJ07 from a mountain forest pond

Author

Yi, Y., Wu, S., Huang, C., Cheng, Q., Rong, Y., Lan, S., and Li, Y.

Subjects
Methanogen, Archaea, Methanosarcinal, Methanosarcina mazei, Sausage-like, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Aims: A new methanogenic strain, named GFJ07, was isolated from a pond of mountain forests in Guangxi, China. Cells grown in liquid culture tended to form aggregates with pseudosarcina-like or irregular shape.Methodology and Results: The optimum temperature, pH and NaCl concentration were 35 ℃, 7.0 and 0.5%, respectively. The isolate used methanol, trimethylamine, acetate and H2-CO2 as substrates. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequences revealed strain GFJ07 showed the highest sequence similarity of 99.9% to Methanosarcina mazei.Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The cells were Gram positive and nonmotile. Most of single cell grew as a sausage-like clinder about 0.5 μm in diameter and 1.0 μm in length.

Published
2012

38. How to Prepare for the Next Pandemic -- Investigation of Correlation Between Food Prices and COVID-19 From Global and Local Perspectives

Author

Zhao, Y., Huang, C., and Luo, J.

Subjects
Economics - General Economics, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused enormous disruptions to not only the United States, but also the global economy. Due to the pandemic, issues in the supply chain and concerns about food shortage drove up the food prices. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the prices for food increased 4.1% and 3.7% over the year ended in August 2020 and August 2021, respectively, while the amount of annual increase in the food prices prior to the COVID-19 pandemic is less than 2.0%. Previous studies show that such kinds of exogenous disasters, including the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake, 9/11 terrorist attacks, and major infectious diseases, and the resulted unusual food prices often led to subsequent changes in people's consumption behaviors. We hypothesize that the COVID-19 pandemic causes food price changes and the price changes alter people's grocery shopping behaviors as well. To thoroughly explore this, we formulate our analysis from two different perspectives, by collecting data both globally, from China, Japan, United Kingdom, and United States, and locally, from different groups of people inside the US. In particular, we analyze the trends between food prices and COVID-19 as well as between food prices and spending, aiming to find out their correlations and the lessons for preparing the next pandemic.

Published
2022

39. The key parameters controlling the photodesorption yield in interstellar CO ice analogs: Influence of ice deposition temperature and thickness

Author

Sie, N. -E., Cho, Y. -T., Huang, C. -H., Caro, G. M. Muñoz, Hsiao, L. -C., Lin, H. -C., and Chen, Y. -J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The overabundance of gas molecules in the coldest regions of space point to a non-thermal desorption process. Laboratory simulations show an efficient desorption of CO ice exposed to ultraviolet radiation, known as photodesorption, which decreases for increasing ice deposition temperature. However, the understanding of this abnormal phenomenon has remained elusive. In this work we show the same phenomenon, and in particular, a dramatic drop in the photodesorption yield is observed when the deposition temperature is 19 K and higher. Also the minimum ice thickness that accounts for a constant photodesorption yield of CO ice is deposition temperature dependent, an observation reported here for the first time. We propose that the key parameters that dominate the absorbed photon energy transfer in CO ice, and contribute to the measured photodesorption yields are the energy transfer length, single ice layer contributed desorption yield, and relative effective surface area. This set of parameters should be incorporated in astrophysical models that simulate photodesorption of the top CO-rich ice layer on icy dust populations with the size distribution which is ice thickness related., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures

Published
2022

40. Population and conservation strategies for the Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) in China

Author

Huang, C. M., Yu, H., Wu, Z. J., Li, Y. B., Wei, F. W., and Gong, M. H.

Subjects
Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus), Population survey, Threatening factors, Conservation strategy, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

The Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) is an unusual anguimorph lizard found mainly in China. Transect surveys estimate a total wild population of about 950 individuals in China. This is a dramatic decrease compared with previous surveys. At present, there are only eight areas of distribution. No Chinese crocodile lizards have been found in four former areas for several years. Investigations have demonstrated that poaching has contributed directly to the population decline. Habitat destruction, and in particular water flow, is the second most important factor. Mining, small scale dam construction, electro-fishing and poisoning of fish in the stream also contribute to population decline. Therefore, educating local people, punishing illegal poaching, and strengthening scientific research are urgent.

Published
2008

44. Dietary Intakes of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Prospective Observational Study

Author

Zheng X, Zhang Q, Su W, Liu W, Huang C, Shi X, and Li X

Subjects
gestational diabetes, nutrient intake, dietary reference intakes, pregnancy outcomes, adverse pregnancy outcome., Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Xin Zheng,&ast; Qiaoqing Zhang,&ast; Weijuan Su, Wei Liu, Caoxin Huang, Xiulin Shi, Xuejun Li Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Xiamen Diabetes Institute, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Diabetes, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiulin Shi; Caoxin Huang, Email shixiulin2002@163.com; cxhuang@xmu.edu.cnPurpose: Nutrient intake for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is important to ensure satisfactory birth outcomes. This study aims to explore the dietary profiles of patients with GDM, compare the results with the Chinese dietary guidelines or Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) from China and investigate the relationship between maternal dietary intake and pregnancy outcomes.Patients and Methods: A total of 221 patients with GDM in the second trimester were included in the cohort. Dietary intake data were collected using a 24-hour recall method for three consecutive days. The pregnancy outcomes of these participants were subsequently monitored. Both univariate logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the associations between dietary intake variables or general characteristics variables and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results: Participants with adverse pregnancy outcomes showed a lower intake of iodine and vitamin D, a lower percentage of dietary energy intake from carbohydrates and a higher percentage of dietary energy intake from fats, compared to participants without adverse pregnancy outcomes. The gestational weight gain and family history of diabetes were associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conversely, regular exercise, the intake of iodine and Vitamin D, and the percentage of dietary energy intake from carbohydrates were associated with a decreased risk.Conclusion: The daily diet of pregnant women with GDM in China did not meet the dietary guidelines or DRIs. The low intake of Vitamin D and iodine, the low dietary carbohydrate ratio, family history of diabetes, lack of exercise, and high gestational weight gain were associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with GDM.Keywords: gestational diabetes, nutrient intake, dietary reference intakes, pregnancy outcomes, adverse pregnancy outcome

Published
2024

45. Retrospective Cohort Study on Delftia acidovorans Infections in Patients: A Rare and Significant Infection

Author

Lu TL and Huang C

Subjects
delftia acidovorans, antibiotic susceptibility, mortality rate, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Tsung-Lung Lu,1 Chienhsiu Huang2 1Department of Nursing, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Dalin Town, Chiayi County, Taiwan; 2Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Dalin Town, Chiayi County, TaiwanCorrespondence: Chienhsiu Huang, Department of Internal medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Dalin Town, Chiayi County, Taiwan, Email hgssport@yahoo.com.twBackground: In recent years, Delftia acidovorans has gained attention for its rare occurrence in patient infections. The literature consists mostly of case reports, necessitating further research to comprehensively understand risk factors, clinical characteristics, and management strategies.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving patients diagnosed with Delftia acidovorans infection at a tertiary teaching hospital between January 2014 and December 2022. The data included demographic details, comorbidities, bacterial cultures, antibiotic susceptibility, and treatment outcomes.Results: There were 26 patients diagnosed with Delftia acidovorans infection who were predominantly older with multiple comorbidities. Approximately 76.9% of Delftia acidovorans infection patients had polymicrobial infections. Twenty-one patients had received antibiotics within three months before they developed the Delftia acidovorans infection, and these antibiotics were primarily third-generation cephalosporins, glycopeptides and fluoroquinolones. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed resistance to aminoglycosides and susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Treatment outcome showed a mortality rate of 11.5%, mainly in patients with malignancy and advanced age.Conclusion: Delftia acidovorans infections predominantly affect older patients with multiple comorbidities. In terms of antibiotic therapy, carbapenems, cephalosporins, and piperacillin/tazobactam with antipseudomonal activity could all be considered.Keywords: Delftia acidovorans, antibiotic susceptibility, mortality rate

Published
2024

46. Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir Reduced Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 During the Omicron Outbreak: Real-World Evidence from Beijing

Author

Zhang Y, Wang X, Huang C, Yang H, Jiang C, Yu X, Hong J, Wang Y, Zhao R, An Z, and Tong Z

Subjects
nirmatrelvir–ritonavir, covid-19, hospitalized., Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Yi Zhang,1,&ast; Xinrui Wang,1,&ast; Chong Huang,2 Hui Yang,1 Chunguo Jiang,3 Xiaojia Yu,1 Jun Hong,2 Yi Zhang,1 Yushu Wang,1 Rui Zhao,1 Zhuoling An,1 Zhaohui Tong3 1Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhuoling An, Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +00-86-010-85231362, Email anzhuoling@163.com Zhaohui Tong, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +00-86-010-85231464, Email tongzhaohuicy@sina.comObjective: The efficacy of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 has not been fully established.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of hospitalized COVID– 19 patients with high risk for disease progression at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from October 15, 2022, to March 31, 2023. Patients ≥ 18 years old who were hospitalized with COVID-19 within 5 days of symptom onset were included. Baseline data were obtained from the routine electronic health record database of the hospital information system. Outcomes were monitored at 28 days via electronic medical record reviews or telephone interviews.Results: We identified 1120 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the study period. After exclusions, 167 nirmatrelvir–ritonavir users and 132 controls were included. 28-day all-cause mortality rate was 12.0% (20/167) in the nirmatrelvir–ritonavir group, versus 22.7% (30/132) in the control group (unadjusted log-rank p = 0.010; HR = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.28– 0.86, IPTW-adjusted HR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.40– 0.86). The 28-day disease progression rates did not differ between the two groups (unadjusted HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.34– 1.02, IPTW-adjusted HR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.50– 1.06). Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir significantly reduced all-cause mortality and disease progression within 28 days among patients aged ≥ 65 years without ≥ 2 vaccine doses.Conclusion: We found significantly reduced all-cause mortality in the nirmatrelvir–ritonavir group, particularly in elderly patients who were incompletely vaccinated. Future randomized controlled studies are needed to validate our findings.Keywords: nirmatrelvir–ritonavir, COVID-19, hospitalized

Published
2024

47. A Nomogram Model Based on the Inflammation-Immunity-Nutrition Score (IINS) and Classic Clinical Indicators for Predicting Prognosis in Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma

Author

He Y, Luo Z, Chen H, Ping L, Huang C, Gao Y, and Huang H

Subjects
inflammation-immunity-nutrition score · extranodal natural killer/t-cell lymphoma · nomogram · prognosis · overall survival, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Yanxia He,1,&ast; Zhumei Luo,1,&ast; Haoqing Chen,2,3,&ast; Liqing Ping,2,3 Cheng Huang,2,3 Yan Gao,2,3 Huiqiang Huang2,3 1Department of Oncology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Huiqiang Huang; Yan Gao, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email huanghqsysucc@163.com; gaoyan@sysucc.org.cnBackground: Systemic inflammation, immunity, and nutritional status are closely related to patients’ outcomes in several kinds of cancers. This study aimed to establish a new nomogram based on inflammation-immunity-nutrition score (IINS) to predict the prognosis of extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) patients.Methods: The clinical data of 435 patients with ENTKL were retrospectively reviewed and randomly assigned to training cohort (n=305) and validation cohort (n=131) at a ratio of 7:3. Cox regression analysis was employed to identify independent prognostic factors and develop a nomogram in the training cohort. Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curve were employed to assess the performance of the nomogram and compare it with traditional prognostic systems (PINK, IPI, KPI). Internal validation was performed using 1000 bootstrap resamples in the validation cohort. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were conducted to compare the overall survival (OS) of patients in different risk groups.Results: In the training cohort, in addition to several classic parameters, IINS was identified as an independent prognostic factor significantly associated with the OS of patients. The nomogram established based on the independent prognostic indicators showed superior survival prediction efficacy, with C-index of 0.733 in the training cohort and 0.759 in the validation cohort compared to the PINK (0.636 and 0.737), IPI (0.81 and 0.707), and KPI (0.693 and 0.639) systems. Furthermore, compared with PINK, IPI, and IPI systems, the nomogram showed relatively superior calibration curves and more powerful prognostic discrimination ability in predicting the OS of patients. DCA curves revealed some advantages in terms of clinical applicability of the nomogram compared to the PINK, IPI, and IPI systems.Conclusion: Compared with traditional prognostic systems, the nomogram showed promising prospects for risk stratification in ENKTL patient prognosis, providing new insights into the personalized treatment.Keywords: inflammation-immunity-nutrition score, extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nomogram, prognosis, overall survival

Published
2024

48. Production, characterization, and mechanical properties of starch modified by Ophiostoma spp.

Author

Saville, B. A., Sain, M., Jeng, R., Huang, C. B., and Hubbes, M.

Subjects
Ophiostoma spp., Microbial conversion, Polysaccharide, Starch films, Packaging material, GFC, FT-IR, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65
Abstract

Microbial modification of starch with Ophiostoma spp. was investigated, with the purpose of developing a novel packaging material for the food or pharmaceutical industries. Various starch sources, such as tapioca, potato, corn, rice and amylopectin were tested as raw materials. The initial screening demonstrated that tapioca and potato starch had better performance for biopolymer production. The yield was about 85%. Preliminary characterization of the modified biopolymer was also conducted. Following microbial conversion, the percentage of molecules with molecular weight (abbreviated Mw) more than 10M (abbreviations of million) Daltons increased from 25% to 89% after 3 days, confirming that the modification increased the weight of the starch polymer. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) revealed changes in the chemical structure of the starch after the modification. Both pure starches and the modified biopolymers were cast into films and tested for mechanical properties. The tensile tests showed that after treatment with the fungus, the peak stress and modulus of the films increased about 10 and 40 times, respectively. Also, the water barrier property was improved. Therefore, microbial modification positively impacted proper-ties relevant to the proposed application. Although the role of the fungus in the modification and the function-property relationship of the biopolymer are not yet completely clear, the results of this study show promise for development of a novel biopolymer that competes with existing packaging materials.

Published
2006

49. The HD 93963 A transiting system: A 1.04d super-Earth and a 3.65 d sub-Neptune discovered by TESS and CHEOPS

Author

Serrano, L. M., Gandolfi, D., Hoyer, S., Brandeker, A., Hooton, M. J., Sousa, S., Murgas, F., Ciardi, D. R., Howell, S. B., Benz, W., Billot, N., Florén, H. -G., Bekkelien, A., Bonfanti, A., Krenn, A., Mustill, A. J., Wilson, T. G., Osborn, H., Parviainen, H., Heidari, N., Pallé, E., Fridlund, M., Adibekyan, V., Fossati, L., Deleuil, M., Knudstrup, E., Collins, K. A., Lam, K. W. F., Grziwa, S., Salmon, S., Albrecht, S. H., Alibert, Y., Alonso, R., Anglada-Escudé, G., Bárczy, T., Navascues, D. Barrado y, Barros, S. C. C., Baumjohann, W., Beck, M., Beck, T., Bieryla, A., Bonfils, X., Boyd, P. T., Broeg, C., Cabrera, J., Charnoz, S., Chazelas, B., Christiansen, J. L., Cameron, A. Collier, Cortés-Zuleta, P., Csizmadia, Sz., Davies, M. B., Deline, A., Delrez, L., Demangeon, O. D. S., Demory, B. -O., Dunlavey, A., Ehrenreich, D., Erikson, A., Fortier, A., Fukui, A., Garai, Z., Gillon, M., Güdel, M., Hébrard, G., Heng, K., Huang, C. X., Isaak, K. G., Jenkins, J. M., Kiss, L. L., Laskar, J., Latham, D. W., Etangs, A. Lecavelier des, Lendl, M., Levine, A. M., Lovis, C., Lund, M. B., Magrin, D., Maxted, P. F. L., Narita, N., Nascimbeni, V., Olofsson, G., Ottensamer, R., Pagano, I., Pessanha, A. C. S. V., Peter, G., Piotto, G., Pollacco, D., Queloz, D., Ragazzoni, R., Rando, N., Ratti, F., Rauer, H., Ribas, I., Ricker, G., Rowden, P., Santos, N. C., Scandariato, G., Seager, S., Ségransan, D., Simon, A. E., Smith, A. M. S., Steller, M., Szabó, Gy. M., Thomas, N., Twicken, J. D., Udry, S., Ulmer, B., Van Grootel, V., Vanderspek, R., Viotto, V., and Walton, N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the discovery of two small planets transiting HD 93963A (TOI-1797), a G0\,V star (M$_*$=1.109\,$\pm$\,0.043\,M$_\odot$, R$_*$=1.043\,$\pm$\,0.009\,R$_\odot$) in a visual binary system. We combined TESS and CHEOPS space-borne photometry with data from MuSCAT 2, `Alopeke, PHARO, TRES, FIES, and SOPHIE. We validated and spectroscopically confirmed the outer transiting planet HD 93963 Ac, a sub-Neptune with an orbital period of P$_c \approx$ 3.65 d, reported as a TESS object of interest (TOI) shortly after the release of Sector 22 data. HD 93963 Ac has a mass of M$_c = 19.2 \pm 4.1$ M$_{\oplus}$ and a radius of R$_c = 3.228 \pm 0.059$ R$_{\oplus}$, implying a mean density of $\rho_c=3.1\pm0.7$ gcm$^{-3}$. The inner object, HD 93963 Ab, is a validated 1.04 d ultra-short period (USP) transiting super-Earth that we discovered in the TESS light curve and that was not listed as a TOI, owing to the low significance of its signal (TESS signal-to-noise ratio $\approx$ 6.7, TESS $+$ CHEOPS combined transit depth D$_b=141.5 \pm 8.5$ ppm). We intensively monitored the star with CHEOPS by performing nine transit observations to confirm the presence of the inner planet and validate the system. HD 93963 Ab is the first small (R$_b = 1.35 \pm 0.042$ R$_{\oplus}$) USP planet discovered and validated by TESS and CHEOPS. Unlike planet c, HD 93963 Ab is not significantly detected in our radial velocities (M$_b = 7.8 \pm 3.2$ M$_{\oplus}$). We also discovered a linear trend in our Doppler measurements, suggesting the possible presence of a long-period outer planet. With a V-band magnitude of 9.2, HD 93963 A is among the brightest stars known to host a USP planet, making it one of the most favourable targets for precise mass measurement via Doppler spectroscopy and an important laboratory to test formation, evolution, and migration models of planetary systems hosting ultra-short period planets., Comment: Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2022
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50. Visualizing heterogeneous dipole fields by terahertz light coupling in individual nano-junctions used in transmon qubits

Author

Kim, R. H. J., Park, J. M., Haeuser, S., Huang, C., Cheng, D., Koschny, T., Oh, J., Kopas, C., Cansizoglu, H., Yadavalli, K., Mutus, J., Zhou, L., Luo, L., Kramer, M., and Wang, J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The fundamental challenge underlying superconducting quantum computing is to characterize heterogeneity and disorder in the underlying quantum circuits. These nonuniform distributions often lead to local electric field concentration, charge scattering, dissipation and ultimately decoherence. It is particularly challenging to probe deep sub-wavelength electric field distribution under electromagnetic wave coupling at individual nano-junctions and correlate them with structural imperfections from interface and boundary, ubiquitous in Josephson junctions (JJ) used in transmon qubits. A major obstacle lies in the fact that conventional microscopy tools are incapable of measuring simultaneous at nanometer and terahertz, "nano-THz" scales, which often associate with frequency-dependent charge scattering in nano-junctions. Here we directly visualize interface nano-dipole near-field distribution of individual Al/AlO$_{x}$/Al junctions used in transmon qubits. Our THz nanoscope images show a remarkable asymmetry across the junction in electromagnetic wave-junction coupling response that manifests as "hot" vs "cold" cusp spatial electrical field structures and correlates with defected boundaries from the multi-angle deposition processes in JJ fabrication inside qubit devices. The asymmetric nano-dipole electric field contrast also correlates with distinguishing, "overshoot" frequency dependence that characterizes the charge scattering and dissipation at nanoscale, hidden in responses from topographic, structural imaging and spatially-averaged techniques. The real space mapping of junction dipole fields and THz charge scattering can be extended to guide qubit nano-fabrication for ultimately optimizing qubit coherence times.

Published
2022
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