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To investigate the role of LncRNA PVT1 (plasmacytoma variant translocation 1) in hyperglycemia-triggered cartilage damage using the diabetic osteoarthritis (OA) mice model. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce mouse diabetes. Knee OA model was induced through transection of anterior cruciate ligament (ACLT). Severity of arthritis was assessed histologically by Safranin O-Fast Green Staining using Mankin Scores. LncRNA PVT1 and miR-146a were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in cartilage tissue. Moreover, the interaction among PVT1, miR-146a, and SMAD4 was examined by luciferase reporter assays. Mice were injected intra-articularly with ad-siRNA-PVT1 and ad-siRNA scramble control. Articular concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and TGF-β1 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of type II Collagen (COL2A1), TGF-β1, p-SMAD2, SMAD2, p-SMAD3, SMAD3, SMAD4 and nuclear SMAD4 were detected by western blot analysis. PVT1 expression was significantly increased, whereas miR-146a was markedly decreased in diabetic OA mice than in non-diabetic OA and control. Increased PVT1 expression in diabetic OA mice was significantly associated with Mankin score and reduced miR-146a as well as Collagen alpha-1(II) (COL2A1) expressions. In vivo, intra-articular injection of ad-siRNA-PVT1 efficiently increased miR-146a and COL2A1 expressions, alleviated joint inflammation, decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, and suppressed TGF-β/SMAD4 pathway in diabetic OA mice. Our results demonstrate LncRNA PVT1 is involved in cartilage degradation in diabetic OA and correlated with disease severity. Efficiency of ad-siRNA-PVT1 in controlling joint inflammation in diabetic OA mice is associated with the suppression of the expression of miR-146a, pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of TGF-β/SMAD4 pathway.

This study analyzed the effects of ankle arthroplasty on the recovery of motor function in patients with orthopedic ankle injury.English databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of ankle arthroplasty, ankle replacement, and joint prosthesis on motor function recovery in patients with orthopedic ankle injury. The outcome indicators included the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, the 36-item short form survey (SF-36) score, the Foot and Ankle Ability Measures (FAAM) score, and the visual analog scale (VAS) score. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the Jadad tool, and meta-analysis of the experimental data was performed using the Review Manager 5.3 software.A total of 7 articles, including 443 patients, were analyzed. The meta-analysis showed significant improvement in AOFAS scores among patients in the experiment group (who underwent ankle replacement) compared with those in the control group (who did not undergo ankle replacement) [mean difference (MD) =-41.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): -51.29 to 32.49, Z=8.73, P0.00001], VAS scores (MD =5.59, 95% CI: 4.84 to 6.34, Z=14.56, P0.00001), SF-36 scores (MD =-13.89, 95% CI: -26.74 to 1.04, Z=2.12, P=0.03), and FAAM scores (MD =-25.78, 95% CI: -31.27 to 20.29, Z=9.20, P0.00001) compared to patients in the control group.Ankle arthroplasty had a positive effect on the quality of life, daily activities, and motor function recovery of patients with orthopedic ankle injuries. While ankle arthroplasty has potential for clinical application, future high-quality, long-term studies with larger samples and more outcome indicators are warranted to verify these results.

Background: Bone marrow metastasis is common in liver cancer and lung cancer, but there are few reports in colon cancer. To date, there are no research reports from mainland China; in particular, reports of bone marrow metastasis combined with septic shock as the main manifestation are even rarer. We hope that this case report can raise clinical awareness of the insidiousness of colon cancer and the possibility of metastasis to the bone marrow, especially for patients with progressive thrombocytopenia that is difficult to correct, should be treated differently from sepsis. Case presentation: A 71-year-old elderly woman presented with sepsis as the first symptom, which mainly manifested as high fever, low blood pressure, high inflammatory indicators, etc. CT examination revealed mild inflammation of the lungs and no obvious abnormalities in the abdomen. Blood culture suggested Escherichia coli and Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae. After anti-infective treatment, the patient's sepsis symptoms improved significantly, but after repeated platelet transfusion, her hypothrombosis had still not been corrected. Finally, a large number of malignant cells were identified through a bone marrow puncture smear, and further PET-CT examination confirmed that a malignant tumor in the ascending colon accompanied by multiple metastases, such as in the liver and bones. This patient was ultimately confirmed to have colon adenocarcinoma buy autopsy. Conclusions: Colon cancer can have bone marrow metastasis, and it can be accompanied by intractable thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow aspiration may help distinguish between transient thrombocytopenia associated with sepsis.

Background: Bone marrow metastasis is common in liver cancer and lung cancer, but there are few reports on bone marrow metastasis of colon cancer. So far, there are no research reports from mainland China; especially reports of bone marrow metastasis combined with septic shock as the main manifestation are even rarer. Case presentation: A 71-year-old elderly woman with sepsis as the first symptom, mainly manifested as high fever, low blood pressure, high inflammation indicators, etc. CT examination revealed mild inflammation of the lungs and no obvious abnormalities in the abdomen. Blood culture culture suggested Escherichia coli and Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae. After anti-infective treatment, the patient's sepsis symptoms improved significantly, but after repeated platelet transfusion, he still could not correct hypothrombosis. Finally, a large number of malignant cells were found through a bone marrow puncture smear, and further PET-CT examination confirmed that the ascending colon malignant tumor was accompanied by multiple metastases such as the liver and bones. The patient was eventually unable to tolerate surgery due to bone marrow failure and liver failure and died 3 weeks after admission.Conclusions: We hope that this case report can raise people’s awareness of the insidiousness of colon cancer and the possibility of metastasis to the bone marrow, especially for patients with progressive thrombocytopenia that is difficult to correct. Thrombocytopenia needs to be treated differently from sepsis.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess inflammatory cytokines levels in synovial fluid (SF) before and after electroacupuncture (EA) treatment and to explore whether these biomarkers are associated with function of rotator cuff tear (RCT) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS We recruited 54 patients with RCT and separated them into an EA group and a control group. The SF biomarker levels were detected at baseline and at 6-week and 6-month follow-up. The symptomatic severity was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), Constant-Murley score, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (ASES). We also investigated the correlation between symptomatic severity and biomarker levels in SF of the shoulder joint. RESULTS The reductions in VAS and improved functional score (ASES and Constant-Murley score) were significantly different between the 2 groups, and SF biomarker concentrations were significantly lower in the EA group. IL-1s levels were significantly negatively correlated with Constant-Murley score (r=-0.73, P=0.04) and ASES score (r=-0.59, P

The current study was conducted to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA PVT1 in hyperglycemia-triggered human osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. Cartilage from knee OA patients with and without diabetes, as well as normal cartilage, was obtained. Isolated human chondrocytes were treated with 30 nM of Glc with or without pioglitazone. The expression levels of PVT1, miR-26b, and type II collagen were determined by RT-PCR. Type II collagen was detected by immunocytochemistry and chondrocytes were stained with Alcian blue. Moreover, the interaction among PVT1, miR-26b, and CTGF was examined using bioinformatics, FISH, RIP, RNA-pull down, and luciferase reporter assays. Over-expression of PVT1 and miR-26b were performed and expressions of CTGF, TGF-β1, SMAD3, MMP-13, and type II collagen proteins were examined. Significantly higher expression of PVT1 was observed in diabetic OA. High Glc induced the elevated expression of PVT1, CTGF, TGF-β1, IL-6, and MMP-13, as well as decreased expression of type II collagen and miR-26b. These alterations could be reversed by pioglitazone. PVT1 acted as a sponge for miR-26b to facilitate CTGF expression. Over-expression of PVT1 increased the expressions of CTGF, TGF-β1, SMAD3, and MMP-13 and decreased expression of type II collagen. Our findings confirmed that PVT1 is involved in the hyperglycemia-induced collagen degradation, via the miR-26b-CTGF-TGF-β1-axis.

Acupuncture has a significant effect on promoting fracture healing. It can dredge meridians and collaterals, regulate qi and blood, eliminate swelling and remove stasis. However, its mechanism is still not fully elucidated. With the development of research, it has been found in recent years that the mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion promoting fracture healing involves regulating the expression level of cell growth factor, activating Wnt/β-Catenin and other signal pathways, improving local blood circulation, affecting the content of mineral elements in bone, regulating the endocrine system, promoting the differentiation and proliferation of bone cells, promoting the proliferation and activation of osteoblasts and influencing the apoptosis of bone cells And so on. The mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion promoting fracture healing is very complex, which is still at the level of animal experiments and cells.

In this study, high-temperature self-lubricating material system (NiCr-Sialon-CaF2) was proposed and samples were prepared by powder metallurgy molding process under proper parameters. Samples with excellent properties can be obtained in a vacuum sintering environment of 1200° C for 2 hours and the ratio of components were Sialon ceramic-5 %, CaF2-10 % and NiCr-the rest. By XRD and EPMA test, the phase composition and its ingredients were examined. And after the high temperature properties analysis of samples with different ingredients, such as surface morphology and friction factor, the high temperature friction and wear mechanism of this self-lubricating material system was illustrated.

Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the process of neurodegenerative disorders, during which microglia, the principal resident immune cells in the central nervous system, are activated and produce proinflammatory mediators. Yin-Yang 1 (YY1), a multi-functional transcription factor, is widely expressed in cells of the immune system and participate in various cellular processes. However, whether YY1 is involved in the process of neuroinflammation is still unknown. In the present study, we found that YY1 was progressively up-regulated in BV2 microglial cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which was dependent on the transactivation function of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Furthermore, YY1 knockdown notably inhibited LPS-induced the activation of NF-κB signaling and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression in BV-2 cells, but not mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Moreover, YY1 strengthened p65 binding to IL-6 promoter by interacting with p65 but decreased H3K27ac modification on IL-6 promoter, eventually increasing IL-6 transcription. Taken together, these results for the first time uncover the regulatory mechanism of YY1 on IL-6 expression during neuroinflammation responses and provide new lights into neuroinflammation.

Blast furnace dust is a typical secondary resource produced in manufacturing iron. This substance contains many recyclable components, such as iron, lead, zinc, and carbon, which have not been properly utilized. Zinc is a dispersed component in blast furnace dust, but its volatility depends on its carrier minerals, such as hematite, coke, and silicate in descending order of zinc volatility. Volatilization is the necessary procedure of removing toxicity and recycling zinc from blast furnace dust. However, two critical limits exist: the amount of carbon in the residue and the amount of franklinite in the blast furnace dust. Zinc can be enclosed by the carbon grains according to kinetic analysis and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) tests. Therefore, the coke dosage should be controlled carefully to avoid carbon residue and increase the volatilization rate of zinc. Meanwhile, both franklinite and zincite are general zinc-bearing phases in the adopted dust, but neither can volatilize before being reduced to metallic form. Calculations show that the available reduction temperature of zincite is higher than that of franklinite. Nearly all the zinc in hematite and carbon is in the form of zincite and can be easily reduced in the heating process. However, the zinc in silicate mainly exists in the form of franklinite and is difficult to be reduced and volatilized, which explains the lower volatilization rate of zinc in silicate than in coke and hematite. In the last part of this investigation, the mineral phase and morphology of the volatiles obtained after fume reduction volatilization are tested for the first time to evaluate their potential application value. Only high-purity crystal zincite is found, which means that the volatiles can be used directly as high-grade zinc smelting materials without purification.

A technique comprising coal-based direct reduction followed by magnetic separation was presented to recover iron and copper from copper slag flotation tailings. Optimal process parameters, such as reductant and additive ratios, reduction temperature, and reduction time, were experimentally determined and found to be as follows: a limestone ratio of 25%, a bitumite ratio of 30%, and reduction roasting at 1473 K for 90 min. Under these conditions, copper-bearing iron powders (CIP) with an iron content of 90.11% and copper content of 0.86%, indicating iron and copper recoveries of 87.25% and 83.44% respectively, were effectively obtained. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy of the CIP revealed that some tiny copper particles were embedded in metal iron and some copper formed alloy with iron, which was difficult to achieve the separation of these two metals. Thus, the copper went into magnetic products by magnetic separation. Adding copper into the steel can produce weathering steel. Therefore, the CIP can be used as an inexpensive raw material for weathering steel.

Thermo-reactive deposition (TRD) salt bath Nb-Cr co-diffusion process was brought forward to prepare the functionally gradient chromium-niobium carbide coating. In TRD salt bath Nb-Cr co-diffusion treatment, T10 steel samples were delved into TRD salt. The samples were treated at 880°C for 3.5 h and then at 950°C for 2.5h. The obtained coatings were characterized by means of microstructure, microhardness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The cross-section hardness of the chromium-niobium carbide coating obtained on the surface of T10 steel samples transits smoothly. The coating was dense, smooth and compact. The thickness ratio of the niobium carbide layer (the outer layer) and the chromium carbide layer (the inner layer) was 4. The hardness of chromium-niobium carbide coating was about 2751HV0.05, which is between the single chromizing and single niobium. The results showed superior wear properties of the coated samples. The kinetics of chromium-niobium carbide coating was also studied.

Background : The purpose of this study is to develop an optimal DM-OA mice model; to validate that diabetes aggravates OA; and to evaluate the microarchitecture, chemical composition and biomechanical properties of SB as a consequence of the damaged induced by diabetes OA. Methods: Mice were randomly divided into three groups: DM-OA group, OA group and Sham group. Blood glucose levels, body weight and food intake of all animals were recorded. A semi-quantitative grading system (OARSI) was used to evaluated cartilage and SB degeneration. Microspectroscopy, microindentations, micro‑CT imaging and fracture load of compression testing were also used to evaluated the properties of trabecular SB. Results: Glycemic monitoring and pancreas pathological results indicated stable high blood glucose and massive destruction of pancreas and islet cells in the DM-OA group. The mineral-to-collagen ratio, microindentation elastic modulus, hardness, micro-architectural parameters, bone mineral density and fracture load of SB trabecular bone of the DM-OA group joint was lower than other two groups. On the other hand, The OARSI score, trabecular spacing and structural model index of the DM-OA group joint was higher than the other two groups. Conclusions: The glycemic and pancreatic pathological results indicated the DM-OA model to be a simple and reliable model induced by STZ and surgery. The results showed the mechanisms in which diabetes accelerates OA by damaging and deteriorating the functions SB including microarchitecture, chemical composition and biomechanical properties.

Objectives: The current study was performed to examine serum and synovial fluid (SF) CCL20 levels and their correlations with disease severity in primary knee osteoarthritis patients. Methods: A total of 99 patients diagnosed with primary knee OA were enrolled in the study, and 95 healthy individuals receiving regular medical examination were recruited as controls. Serum and SF CCL20 concentrations were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The radiographic severity of OA was assessed by the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) classification system. The Lequesne algofunctional index and a visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the clinical severity of knee OA in patients. Results: The serum CCL20 levels were not significantly different between patients with knee OA and controls. Patients with a K-L grade of 4 had significantly higher SF CCL20 levels than those with K-L grades of 2 and 3. Knee OA patients with a K-L grade of 3 showed significantly higher levels of CCL20 in SF than those with a K-L grade of 2. In addition, SF CCL20 levels were significantly related to the Lequesne algofunctional index and VAS score. Conclusions: These findings suggest that local CCL20 levels may reflect the disease severity of knee OA.

Yin-Yang 1 (YY1) has been identified as playing critical roles in multiple diseases. However, little is known regarding its roles and mechanisms in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study is aimed to explore the roles of YY1 in regulating neuronal apoptosis in cerebral I/R injury and its underlying mechanisms. Primary mouse cerebral cortical neurons were isolated and subjected to OGD/R to mimic cerebral I/R injury in vitro. The roles of YY1 on OGD/R-induced neuronal injury were investigated by performing western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, TUNEL, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, chromatin isolation by RNA purification assay, glucose uptake assay, lactate production assay, and extracellular acidification rate assay. YY1-binding long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) in neurons subjected to OGD/R were identified by RIP and RNA sequencing. The roles of YY1 on cerebral I/R in vivo were detected by assessing neuronbehaviour, infarct size, and neuronal apoptosis. We found that YY1 expression is downregulated, and LncRNA GAS5 is upregulated in neurons subjected to OGD/R. OGD/R treatment promotes YY1 interacting with GAS5 in neurons, and YY1 negatively regulates GAS5 expression by binding to GAS5 promoter to repress its transcription. Besides, YY1 and GAS5 bind to the same region of PFKFB3 promoter to promote PFKFB3 expression and strengthen neuronal glycolysis, resulting in aggravating OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis. Knockdown of YY1 or GAS5 protects against I/R-induced ischemic brain damage and improves overall neurological functions in vivo. Overall, YY1 interacts with LncRNA GAS5 to promote PFKFB3 transcription to enhance neuronal glycolysis, resulting in aggravating cerebral I/R injury.

Prehypertensive losartan treatment may lead to long‑term inhibition of the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). However, the underlying mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of angiotensin type 1 receptor-associated protein (ATRAP/Agtrap) and methylation of the Agtrap gene in the myocardium following the withdrawal of treatment. Four‑week‑old SHRs were randomly divided into three groups, and were treated with saline, amlodipine or losartan, respectively, for 6 weeks. Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs) were used as a control. All rats were followed up regularly until they reached the age of 32 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), left ventricular mass/body weight (LVM/BW), and cardiac fibrosis and structure were measured. The mRNA and protein expression of ATRAP in the myocardium were determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Methylation of the Agtrap promoter was detected by bisulfite pyrosequencing. Reduced levels of SBP, LVM/BW, cardiac fibrosis and interventricular septum thickness were determined to be maintained only in prehypertensive losartan‑treated SHRs. Whereas, an increased expression of ATRAP mRNA and protein, and hypomethylation of the Agtrap promoter in the myocardium, were demonstrated only in the losartan‑treated SHRs. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the hypomethylation of Agtrap accompanying upregulation of ATRAP expression in the myocardium is associated with the long‑term inhibition of LVH in SHRs with prehypertensive losartan treatment.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of many diseases, including cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of LncRNA-Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily Q Member 1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) in cerebral I/R induced neuronal injury, and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Primary mouse cerebral cortical neurons treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro and mice subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion were used to mimic cerebral I/R injury. Small inference RNA (siRNA) was used to knockdown KCNQ1OT1 or microRNA-153-3p (miR-153-3p). Dual-luciferase assay was performed to detect the interaction between KCNQ1OT1 and miR-153-3p and interaction between miR-153-3p and Fork head box O3a (Foxo3). Flow cytometry analysis was performed to detect neuronal apoptosis. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect RNA and protein expressions. Results: KCNQ1OT1 and Foxo3 expressions were significantly increased in neurons subjected to I/R injury in vitro and in vivo, and miR-153-3p expression were significantly decreased. Knockdown of KCNQ1OT1 or overexpression of miR-153-3p weakened OGD/R-induced neuronal injury and regulated Foxo3 expressions. Dual-luciferase analysis showed that KCNQ1OT1 directly interacted with miR-153-3p and Foxo3 is a direct target of miR-153-3p. Conclusions: Our results indicate that LncRNA-KCNQ1OT1 promotes OGD/R-induced neuronal injury at least partially through acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-153-3p to regulate Foxo3a expression, suggesting LncRNA-KCNQ1OT1 as a potential therapeutic target for cerebral I/R injury.

The current study was carried out to investigate the serum and synovial fluid (SF) alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) levels in correlation with disease severity in primary knee osteoarthritis (OA).This study comprised of 105 primary knee OA patients and 98 healthy controls. The radiographic severity was verified according to the Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic grading criteria. The symptomatic severity of knee OA was assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index. Serum α-MSH concentrations were measured by ELISA. The inflammation markers IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as cartilage damage markers MMP-3 (matrix metalloproteinase 3) and COMP (cartilage oligomeric matrix protein), were also measured. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value between α-MSH and other four markers with regard to the radiographic progression.SF α-MSH concentrations were negatively related to Kellgren-Lawrence grades and WOMAC index. SF α-MSH levels in knee OA patients were negatively associated with inflammation markers IL-6, TNF-α, and cartilage damage factors COMP and MMP-3. In addition, ROC analysis implied that attenuated α-MSH levels may serve as a favorable diagnostic marker for the radiographic progression. The difference of serum α-MSH concentration was not significant between knee OA patients and healthy controls.Reduced SF α-MSH expression may be a characteristic of OA patients. Attenuated α-MSH level in SF may serve as a potential biomarker for disease severity of knee OA, and further studies are needed to identify its potential application for monitoring the course of the disease and the efficacy of therapies in OA patients.

Pazopanib (trade name Votrient®) is a potent and selective multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks tumor growth and inhibits angiogenesis. Based on a recently reported procedure, we herein report the first synthesis of four potential process impurities generated in the production of pazopanib. The structure of these impurities were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS data. The possible formation mechanisms of these impurities were also elucidated. These findings should be useful for the quality control of pazopanib in manufacture.

Background Resistin is an adipocytokine associated with inflammation and insulin resistance. Recent studies have shown that resistin plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression in osteoarthritis (OA) patients. The current study was aimed at investigating the relationship between resistin in serum and synovial fluid (SF) and disease severity in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Method Seventy-four patients diagnosed with knee OA and 79 healthy controls receiving regular body check in our hospital were recruited in the study. The Noyes score method was used to assess articular cartilage damage arthroscopically. The symptomatic severity was evaluated according to the Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) scores. The radiographic disease severity of OA was assessed by the Kellgren-Lawrence (K–L) grading system. The resistin levels in serum and SF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cartilage degradation marker CTX–II in SF was also examined. Results SF but not serum resistin levels are positively associated with Noyes scores, K-L grading scores WOMAC pain scores, physical functional scores and WOMAC total scores. In addition, SF resistin correlated positively with CTX-II. Conclusion Resistin in SF might serve as a potential biomarker for reflecting the disease severity and cartilage degenerative extent of knee OA.

Leaf senescence is an important trait for yield improvement under stress. In the present study, 207 F2:4 random inbred lines (RILs) derived from the Jingdong 8/Aikang 58 cross were investigated under limited and full irrigation environments at two locations during the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 cropping seasons. The RILs were genotyped with 149 SSR markers and QTLs for leaf senescence-related traits and heading dates (HD) were analyzed by inclusive composite interval mapping. The broad sense heritabilities of normalized difference vegetation index at Zadoks47 (NDVIv) and at Zadoks75 (NDVIg), leaf senescence rate (LSR), leaf senescence scored visually (LSS), leaf area index (LAI) and HD were 0.37–0.54, 0.39–0.48, 0.4–0.45, 0.56–0.58, 0.64–0.79 and 0.82–0.86, respectively. There were significant correlations between NDVIg and LSR (r = −0.55 to −0.70), NDVIg and LSS (r = −0.61 to −0.61), and LSS and LSR (r = 0.48–0.68). NDVIv and LAIv explained 18.5 % and 19.4 % of the variation in grain yield under limited irrigation, respectively. Forty five QTLs were distributed on 15 chromosomes. The respective numbers of QTLs for NDVIv, NDVIg, LSR, LSS and HD were 10, 10, 9, 9 and 7 across all eight environments. Previously unreported QTLs were found on chromosomes 1A, 2D, 5B, 7A and 7D for NDVI, on 6D for LSR and 5B for LSS. QNDVIv.caas-4A explained 23.7–56.6 % of the phenotypic variation (PV) for NDVIv and was stably expressed in four environments. In contrast, QNDVIg.caas-4B.2 explained 13.2–16.0 % of PV but was only expressed in full irrigation. Pleiotropic QTLs were detected; QNDVIv.caas-5B, explaining 22.9–35.9 % of PV, had an effect on LSS, and QNDVIg.caas-4D, accounting for 11.5–28.5 % of PV, also influenced NDVIv. QTLs controlling LSR, QLSR.caas-4D and QLSR.caas-3B, also increased thousand kernel weight and grain yield, indicating that rapid senescence increased grain filling rate. Some QTLs such as QNDVIg.caas-1A.1, QLSR.caas-2A, QLSS.caas-2B, QLSS.caas-3B, QLSS.caas-5B and QLSS.caas-2D.1 were detected only under limited irrigation. These drought stress-induced QTLs could be valuable for improving drought resistance in wheat.

In order to research the law of mine pressure and roof control in shallow buried coal seam, based on a comprehensive summary of mine pressure theory, technology application, engineering practice, summarized research results and status, analyzed research shortage, proposed research proposals. The results show that:1“short masonry beam” and “step beam” structure mechanical model and “key stratum in shallow seam theory” has provided theory basis for coal seam roof control shallow guidance. 2Rock and soil (bedrock and alluvium) coupling mechanism, loose layer dynamic structure theory," coal mining, water retention, ecology conservation, subsidence control" optimized portfolio on management theory and technical system of is the required research direction. 3Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, representative of southwest mountainous shallow buried coal seam mining pressure research is conducive to development of mining pressure theory system.

Medical image compression technology has great significance in the field of medical image engineering and clinical application. The current image compression technology is mainly for gray image, Few people study on medical image color compression algorithm. This paper presents a compression algorithm for color image based on DCT. First, the algorithm change the color medical image of RGB space to SAT space, this transformation ensures the medical image without distortion, and effectively reduce the mean image of each dimension of component. Then, the algorithm make the DCT transform for color image compression in the SAT space. Experimental shows that the improved algorithm in color medical image compression has achieved good results.

In the Signal-collecting in Sensorless PMSM Parameters Identification research appeared Voltage signal and Current signal are not common ground. In-depth study the problem and solved it. In order to solve the problem that Voltage signal and Current signal are not common ground, using Linearity of coupler element, Through the optical coupling element not only achieve a high and low pressure isolation and through a series of analog circuit to achieve the output terminal to the common ground. Input pressure value falls below the voltage data acquisition card allows the range of values. We verify the validity of this approach by multisim simulation software to.

Seedling vigor is an important trait characterized by rapid development of vegetative cover above the soil surface, particularly in rainfed environments. To elucidate the genetic basis of seedling vigor, 207 F2:4 lines derived from Jingdong 8/Aikang 58 were investigated in the field at Beijing and Gaoyi, Hebei province, during the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 cropping seasons. A total of 148 SSR markers polymorphic between the parents, and the RhtD1b-specific marker were used to map QTL for seedling vigor by inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM). Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and ground cover (GC) before winter and in late spring showed a continuous distribution. Significant differences in NDVI and GC among lines were detected. Broad-sense heritability of NDVI and GC ranged from 0.69 to 0.74 based on the mean values averaged across four environments. GC was highly correlated with NDVI (r = 0.74–0.85, P

Objective: Tongxinluo (TXL) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is used to treat coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis. We investigated the effects of TXL on the neointima formation and expression of inflammatory cytokines in rats after carotid artery balloon injury. Materials and Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group (Sham, n = 15), balloon injury group treated with vehicle (Control, n = 15), TXL low-dose group treated with TXL of 0.5 g/kg/d (TXL-L, n = 15), and TXL high-dose group treated with TXL of 1.0 g/kg/d (TXL-H, n = 15). TXL was given by gavage daily. 14 days after injury’, the levels of serum nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were evaluated. The morphology of carotid artery tissue was observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Expressions of MCP-1 and ICAM-1 in the artery were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. Results: 14 days after injury, a significant increase in concentrations of serum ET-1, MCP-1, and sICAM-1 (P < 0.05), as well as a significant decrease in NO serum level were observed in rats subjected to artery injury compared to the sham rats (P < 0.05). TXL significantly decreased ET-1, MCP-1 and sICAM-1 serum levels (P < 0.05), whereas significantly increased NO serum level compared with the control (P < 0.05). TXL significantly reduced the neointimal thickening at day14 after injury (P < 0.05). In addition, TXL significantly reduced mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in injured artery (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that TXL is effective in improving endothelial function, attenuating neointimal formation of artery after balloon injury, and reducing expression of inflammatory cytokine MCP-1 and ICAM-1. It may be a useful agent for protecting the artery against injury.

Prehypertension has been associated with adverse cerebrovascular events and brain damage. The aims of this study were to investigate i) whether short- and long-term treatments with losartan or amlodipine for prehypertension were able to prevent blood pressure (BP)-linked brain damage, and ii) whether there is a difference in the effectiveness of treatment with losartan and amlodipine in protecting BP-linked brain damage. In the present study, prehypertensive treatment with losartan and amlodipine (6 and 16 weeks treatment with each drug) was performed on 4-week-old stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). The results showed that long-term (16 weeks) treatment with losartan is the most effective in lowering systolic blood pressure in the long term (up to 40 weeks follow-up). Additionally, compared with the amlodipine treatment groups, the short- and long-term losartan treatments protected SHRSP from stroke and improved their brains structurally and functionally more effectively, with the long-term treatment having more benefits. Mechanistically, the short- and long-term treatments with losartan reduced the activity of the local renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in a time-dependent manner and more effectively than their respective counterpart amlodipine treatment group mainly by decreasing AT1R levels and increasing AT2R levels in the cerebral cortex. By contrast, the amlodipine treatment groups inhibited brain cell apoptosis more effectively as compared with the losartan treatment groups mainly through the suppression of local oxidative stress. Taken together, the results suggest that long-term losartan treatment for prehypertension effectively protects SHRSP from stroke-induced brain damage, and this protection is associated with reduced local RAAS activity than with brain cell apoptosis. Thus, the AT1R receptor blocker losartan is a good candidate drug that may be used in the clinic for long-term treatment on prehypertensive populations in order to prevent BP-linked brain damage.

To investigate the effects of losartan and amlodipine on cell apoptosis in the cerebral cortex of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) from the onset of prehypertension or hypertension. SHRSP were randomly divided into five experimental groups that were administered losartan, amlodipine (n=8 in each group; 4 weeks old or 10 weeks old), or vehicle, respectively. Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as control animals. Systolic blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method every 2 weeks. At 20 weeks of age, apoptosis was analyzed by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling, and the level of angiotensin II was measured by radioimmunoassay. Protein expressions of gp91(phox), superoxide dismutase, and angiotensin II type 1 (AT1R) and type 2 (AT2R) receptors in the cerebral cortex were detected by western blot. Losartan and amlodipine effectively delayed the progression of systolic blood pressure elevation, especially from the onset of prehypertension, and they had no obvious effects on the level of angiotensin II. In addition, treatment with losartan or amlodipine significantly decreased cell apoptosis, downregulated the protein expression of gp91(phox), and upregulated the protein expression of superoxide dismutase. The protein expressions of AT1R and AT2R were decreased by the administration of both drugs. No difference was found in the expression of AT1R among the drug treatment groups, whereas the expression of AT2R was increased in rats with increased blood pressure. Amlodipine, especially from the onset of prehypertension, was more effective than losartan in reducing apoptosis in the cerebral cortex in SHRSP. This may be related to the antioxidative stress properties of amlodipine.

Ant colony algorithm is an effective algorithm to solve combinatorial optimization problems, it has many good features, and there are also some disadvantages. In this paper, through research on ant colony optimization algorithm, apply it in intrusion detection. Then it gives an improved ant colony optimization algorithm. Tests show that the algorithm improves the efficiency of intrusion detection, reduces false positives of intrusion detection.

A novel driver concept has been developed to meet the grid requirements. A regulation speed device was connected to a variable speed gearbox with a constant speed synchronous generator.A brushless double rotor motor based on a novel wind power generation system is proposed. The motors structure , principle and mathematic model are studied.The simulation results show that brushless double rotor motor is suitable as a regulation speed device to apply to the novel wind power generation system.

The composition of catering waste oil is similar to that of traditional materials for the preparation of fatty acid collectors, which makes it possible to change catering waste oil into fatty acid collector applied to ore flotation. The collectors which come from catering waste oil are detected by FTIR and GC-MS analyses. The FTIR date shows that collectors contains lively carboxyl functional groups and The GC-MS date reveals that those carboxyl functional groups exist in single unsaturated fatty acid and three unsaturated fatty acid. The collectors can be applied to iron ore reverse flotation, apatite flotation, and fluorite flotation. It has better flotation experiment results than the traditional collector that using in field production.

Mixed fatty acids collector (JZQ - F7) prepared with catering waste oil applying for recovery of low grade phosphate rock is studied. Research shows that the environmentally friendly collector JZQ - F7 has high selectivity for phosphate ore with good solubility in water. The reagent could upgrade the ore P2O5 content from 2.57% of the run-of-mine to 32.25% of that after a rough and two clean flotation processes with Na2CO3 dosage of 2.1 kg/t, Na2SiO3.9H2O dosage of 2.7 kg/t, JZQ - F7 dosage of 0.7 kg/t. The mesh of grind is 30% minus 200 mesh, and plus 40 mesh (0.45 mm) sizing product is discarded.