Author: "Hu Haibing" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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582 results on '"Hu Haibing"'

1. Research on navigation and positioning algorithm for intelligent following vehicle based on UWB

Author: Hu Haibing, Zhang Wenda, Zheng Xipeng, and Zeng Guiling
Subjects: intelligent following vehicle, Kalman filter, PID control, positioning algorithm, Electronics, TK7800-8360
Abstract: The accuracy of intelligent vehicle positioning in the current market cannot satisfy customers′ needs. The positioning algorithm based on Ultra Wideband(UWB) was proposed in order to solve the problem. Two fixed anchors were placed on the intelligent positioning vehicle. The data of distance from the tag to the two anchors was caculated by Kalman filter algorithm. The trigonometric function was used to get the distance from the tag to the middle point of the two anchors and the offset angle. Then the distance and angle data were transmitted to the motor control module, which adjusted Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) value through Proportion Integration Differentiation(PID) algorithm to control the speed and directions of the motor. Experimental results show that the distance deviation is less than 9 cm and the angle deviation is less than 10 degrees by this method, which proves that intelligent vehicle positioning is more accurate than before.
Published: 2019
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2. Research on O-ring Dimension Measurement Algorithm Based on Cubic Spline Interpolation

Author: Hu Haibing, Xipeng Zheng, Jiajie Yin, and Yueyan Wang
Subjects: O-ring dimension measurement, morphology, cubic spline interpolation, sub-pixel edge detection, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Current O-ring dimension measurement algorithms based on machine vision are mainly whole-pixel level algorithms, which have the disadvantage of a low measurement accuracy. In order to improve the stability and accuracy of O-ring dimension measurement, a sub-pixel edge detection algorithm based on cubic spline interpolation is proposed for O-ring dimension measurement. After image pre-processing of the O-ring graphics, the whole-pixel-level O-ring edges are obtained by using a noise-resistant mathematical morphology method, and then the sub-pixel edge contours are obtained using a sub-pixel edge detection algorithm based on cubic spline interpolation. Finally, the edge curve is fitted with the least squares method to obtain its inner and outer diameter as well as the size of the wire diameter. The experimental data show that the algorithm has a mean square error of 4.8 μm for the outer diameter and 0.18 μm for the wire diameter. The outer diameter error is kept within ±100 μm and the wire diameter error can be kept within ±15 μm. Compared with the whole pixel algorithm, the measurement accuracy has been greatly improved.
Published: 2021
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3. Observation of gamma rays up to 320 TeV from the middle-aged TeV pulsar wind nebula HESS J1849$-$000

Author: Amenomori, M., Asano, S., Bao, Y. W., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Xu, Chen, Y., Cirennima, Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, Qi, Gomi, A., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Hayashi, Y., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Hu, K. Y., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Jiang, P., Jin, H. B., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kato, S., Kawahara, I., Kawashima, T., Kawata, K., Kozai, M., Kurashige, D., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Li, Y., Lin, Y. H., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, L. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, W., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Meng, Y., Munakata, K., Nagaya, K., Nakamura, Y., Nakazawa, Y., Nanjo, H., Ning, C. C., Nishizawa, M., Noguchi, R., Ohnishi, M., Okukawa, S., Ozawa, S., Qian, X., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Sakakibara, Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T., Sako, T. K., Sasaki, T., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Sugimoto, H., Takano, W., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wang, S. F., Wang, Y. P., Wangdui, Wu, H. R., Wu, Q., Xu, J. L., Xue, L., Yang, Z., Yao, Y. Q., Yin, J., Yokoe, Y., Yu, Y. L., Yuan, A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhao, S. P., Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., and Zou, Y. H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Gamma rays from HESS J1849$-$000, a middle-aged TeV pulsar wind nebula (PWN), are observed by the Tibet air shower array and the muon detector array. The detection significance of gamma rays reaches $4.0\, \sigma$ and $4.4\, \sigma$ levels above 25 TeV and 100 TeV, respectively, in units of Gaussian standard deviation $\sigma$. The energy spectrum measured between $40\, {\rm TeV} < E < 320\, {\rm TeV}$ for the first time is described with a simple power-law function of ${\rm d}N/{\rm d}E = (2.86 \pm 1.44) \times 10^{-16}(E/40\, {\rm TeV})^{-2.24 \pm 0.41}\, {\rm TeV}^{-1}\, {\rm cm}^{-2}\, {\rm s}^{-1}$. The gamma-ray energy spectrum from the sub-TeV ($E < 1\, {\rm TeV}$) to sub-PeV ($100\, {\rm TeV} < E < 1\, {\rm PeV}$) ranges including the results of previous studies can be modeled with the leptonic scenario, inverse Compton scattering by high-energy electrons accelerated by the PWN of PSR J1849$-$0001. On the other hand, the gamma-ray energy spectrum can also be modeled with the hadronic scenario in which gamma rays are generated from the decay of neutral pions produced by collisions between accelerated cosmic-ray protons and the ambient molecular cloud found in the gamma-ray emitting region. The cutoff energy of cosmic-ray protons $E_{\rm p\, cut}$, cut is estimated at ${\rm log}_{10}(E_{\rm p,\, cut}/{\rm TeV}) = 3.73^{+2.98}_{-0.66}$, suggesting that protons are accelerated up to the PeV energy range. Our study thus proposes that HESS J1849$-$000 should be further investigated as a new candidate for a Galactic PeV cosmic-ray accelerator, PeVatron., Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication from the Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2023
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4. Measurement of the Gamma-Ray Energy Spectrum beyond 100 TeV from the HESS J1843$-$033 Region

Author: Amenomori, M., Asano, S., Bao, Y. W., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Xu, Chen, Y., Cirennima, Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, Qi, Gomi, A., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Hu, K. Y., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Jiang, P., Jin, H. B., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kato, S., Kawashima, T., Kawata, K., Kozai, M., Kurashige, D., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Li, Y., Lin, Y. H., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, L. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, W., Liu, X. L., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Meng, Y., Munakata, K., Nagaya, K., Nakamura, Y., Nakazawa, Y., Nanjo, H., Ning, C. C., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Okukawa, S., Ozawa, S., Qian, L., Qian, X., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Sakakibara, Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T., Sako, T. K., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Sugimoto, H., Takano, W., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y. P., Wangdui, Wu, H. R., Wu, Q., Xu, J. L., Xue, L., Yang, Z., Yao, Y. Q., Yin, J., Yokoe, Y., Yu, N. P., Yuan, A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, C. P., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhao, S. P., Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: HESS J1843$-$033 is a very-high-energy gamma-ray source whose origin remains unidentified. This work presents, for the first time, the energy spectrum of gamma rays beyond $100\, {\rm TeV}$ from the HESS J1843$-$033 region using the data recorded by the Tibet air shower array and its underground muon detector array. A gamma-ray source with an extension of $0.34^{\circ} \pm 0.12^{\circ}$ is successfully detected above $25\, {\rm TeV}$ at $(\alpha,\, \delta) = (281.09^{\circ}\pm 0.10^{\circ},\, -3.76^{\circ}\pm 0.09^{\circ})$ near HESS J1843$-$033 with a statistical significance of $6.2\, \sigma$, and the source is named TASG J1844$-$038. The position of TASG J1844$-$038 is consistent with those of HESS J1843$-$033, eHWC J1842$-$035, and LHAASO J1843$-$0338. The measured gamma-ray energy spectrum in $25\, {\rm TeV} < E < 130\, {\rm TeV}$ is described with ${\rm d}N/{\rm d}E = (9.70\pm 1.89)\times 10^{-16} (E/40\, {\rm TeV})^{-3.26\pm 0.30}\, {\rm TeV}^{-1} {\rm cm}^{-2} {\rm s}^{-1}$, and the spectral fit to the combined spectra of HESS J1843$-$033, LHAASO J1843$-$0338, and TASG J1844$-$038 implies the existence of a cutoff at $49.5\pm 9.0\, {\rm TeV}$. Associations of TASG J1844-038 with SNR G28.6$-$0.1 and PSR J1844-0346 are also discussed in detail for the first time., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Published: 2023
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5. The cosmic ray energy spectrum measured with the new Tibet hybrid experiment

Author: Amenomori M., Bi X. J., Chen D., Chen T. L., Chen W. Y., Cui S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding L. K., Feng C. F., Feng Zhaoyang, Feng Z. Y., Gou Q. B., Guo Y. Q., He H. H., He Z. T., Hibino K., Hotta N., Hu Haibing, Hu H. B., Huang J., Jia H. Y., Jiang L., Kajino F., Kasahara K., Katayose Y., Kato C., Kawata K., Kozai M., Labaciren, Le G. M., Li A. F., Li H. J., Li W. J., Lin Y. H., Liu C., Liu J. S., Liu M. Y., Lu H., Meng X. R., Miyazaki T., Munakata K., Nakajima T., Nakamura Y., Nanjo H., Nishizawa M., Niwa T., Ohnishi M., Ohta I., Ozawa S., Qian X. L., Qu X. B., Saito T., Saito T. Y., Sakata M., Sako T. K., Shao J., Shibata M., Shiomi A., Shirai T., Sugimoto H., Takita M., Tan Y. H., Tateyama N., Torii S., Tsuchiya H., Udo S., Wang H., Wu H. R., Xue L., Yamamoto Y., Yamauchi K., Yang Z., Yuan A. F., Zhai L. M., Zhang H. M., Zhang J. L., Zhang X. Y., Zhang Y., Zhang Yi, Zhang Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou X. X.
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We have upgraded the new Tibet ASgamma experiment in China since 2014 to measure the chemical composition of cosmic rays around the knee. This hybrid experiment consist of an air-shower-core detector array (YAC-II) to detect high energy electromagnetic component, the Tibet air-shower array (Tibet-III) and a large underground water-Cherenkov muon-detector array (MD). We have carried out a detailed air-shower Monte Carlo (MC) simulation to study the performance of the hybrid detectors by using CORSIKA (version 7.5000), which includes EPOS-LHC, QGSJETII-04, SIBYLL2.1 and SIBYLL2.3 hadronic interaction models. The preliminary results of the interaction model checking above 50 TeV energy region are reported in this paper, and the primary proton and helium spectra in the energy range 50 TeV to 1015 eV was derived from YAC-I data and is smoothly connected with direct observation data at lower energies and also with our previously reported works at higher energies within statistical errors. The knee of the (P+He) spectra is located around 400 TeV. The interaction model dependence in deriving the primary (P+He) spectra is found to be small (less than 25% in absolute intensity, 10% in position of the knee), and the composition model dependence is less than 10% in absolute intensity.
Published: 2019
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6. On the Solar Cycle Variation of the Solar Diurnal Anisotropy of Multi-TeV Cosmic-ray Intensity Observed with the Tibet Air Shower Array

Author: Amenomori M., Bi X. J., Chen D., Chen T. L., Chen W. Y., Cui S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding L. K., Feng C. F., Feng Zhaoyang, Feng Z. Y., Gou Q. B., Guo Y. Q., He H. H., He Z. T., Hibino K., Hotta N., Hu Haibing, Hu H. B., Huang J., Jia H. Y., Jiang L., Kajino F., Kasahara K., Katayose Y., Kato C., Kawata K., Kozai M., Labaciren, Le G. M., Li A. F., Li H. J., Li W. J., Lin Y. H., Liu C., Liu J. S., Liu M. Y., Lu H., Meng X. R., Miyazaki T., Munakata K., Nakajima T., Nakamura Y., Nanjo H., Nishizawa M., Niwa T., Ohnishi M., Ohta I., Ozawa S., Qian X. L., Qu X. B., Saito T., Saito T. Y., Sakata M., Sako T. K., Shao J., Shibata M., Shiomi A., Shirai T., Sugimoto H., Takita M., Tan Y. H., Tateyama N., Torii S., Tsuchiya H., Udo S., Wang H., Wu H. R., Xue L., Yamamoto Y., Yamauchi K., Yang Z., Yuan A. F., Zhai L. M., Zhang H. M., Zhang J. L., Zhang X. Y., Zhang Y., Zhang Yi, Zhang Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou X. X.
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We analyze the temporal variation of the solar diurnal anisotropy of the multi-TeV cosmic-ray intensity observed with the Tibet air shower array from 2000 to 2009, covering the maximum and minimum of the 23rd solar cycle. We comfirm that a remarkable additional anisotropy component is superposed on the Compton-Getting anisotropy at 4.0 TeV, while its amplitude decreases at higher energy regions. In constrast to the additional anisotropy reported by the Matsushiro experiment at 0.6 TeV, we find the residual component measured by Tibet at multi-TeV energies is consistent with being stable, with a fairly constant amplitude of 0.041% ± 0.003% and a phase at around 07.17 ± 00.16 local solar time at 4.0 TeV. This suggests the additional anisotropy observed by the Tibet experiment could result from mechanisms unrelated to solar activities.
Published: 2019
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7. Test of the hadronic interaction models SIBYLL2.3, EPOS-LHC and QGSJETII- 04 with Tibet EAS core data

Author: Amenomori M., Bi X. J., Chen D., Chen T. L., Chen W. Y., Cui S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding L. K., Feng C. F., Feng Zhaoyang, Feng Z. Y., Gou Q. B., Guo Y. Q., He H. H., He Z. T., Hibino K., Hotta N., Hu Haibing, Hu H. B., Huang J., Jia H. Y., Jiang L., Kajino F., Kasahara K., Katayose Y., Kato C., Kawata K., Kozai M., Labaciren, Le G. M., Li A. F., Li H. J., Li W. J., Lin Y. H., Liu C., Liu J. S., Liu M. Y., Lu H., Meng X. R., Miyazaki T., Munakata K., Nakajima T., Nakamura Y., Nanjo H., Nishizawa M., Niwa T., Ohnishi M., Ohta I., Ozawa S., Qian X. L., Qu X. B., Saito T., Saito T. Y., Sakata M., Sako T. K., Shao J., Shibata M., Shiomi A., Shirai T., Sugimoto H., Takita M., Tan Y. H., Tateyama N., Torii S., Tsuchiya H., Udo S., Wang H., Wu H. R., Xue L., Yamamoto Y., Yamauchi K., Yang Z., Yuan A. F., Zhai L. M., Zhang H. M., Zhang J. L., Zhang X. Y., Zhang Y., Zhang Yi, Zhang Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou X. X.
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: A hybrid experiment has been started by the ASγ experiment at Yangbajing (4300m a.s.l.) in Tibet since May 2009, that consists of a high-energy air-shower-core array (YAC-I) and a high-density air-shower array (Tibet-III). In this paper, we report our results to check the hadronic interaction models SIBYLL2.3, SIBYLL2.1, EPOS-LHC and QGSJETII-04 in the multi-tens TeV energy region using YAC-I+Tibet-III experimental data from May 2009 through January 2010. The effective live time is calculated as 106.05 days. The results show that the description of transverse momentum, inelastic cross-section and inelasticity for the 4 hadronic interaction models is consistent with YAC-I experimental data within 15% systematic errors range in the forward region below 100 TeV. Among them, the EPOS-LHC model is the best hadronic interaction model. Furthermore, we find that the H4a composition model is the best one below the 100 TeV energy region.
Published: 2019
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8. Potential PeVatron supernova remnant G106.3+2.7 seen in the highest-energy gamma rays

Author: Amenomori, M., Bao, Y. W., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Xu, Chen, Y., Cirennima, Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, Qi, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Jin, H. B., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kato, S., Kawata, K., Kihara, W., Ko, Y., Kozai, M., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Lin, Y. H., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, M. Y., Liu, W., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Munakata, K., Nakada, H., Nakamura, Y., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohura, T., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Sugimoto, H., Takano, W., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, Z., Yokoe, Y., Yuan, A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhao, S. P., Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Cosmic rays (protons and other atomic nuclei) are believed to gain energies of petaelectronvolts (PeV) and beyond at astrophysical particle accelerators called 'PeVatrons' inside our Galaxy. Although a characteristic feature of a PeVatron is expected to be a hard gamma-ray energy spectrum that extends beyond 100 teraelectronvolts (TeV) without a cutoff, none of the currently known sources exhibits such a spectrum due to the low maximum energy of accelerated cosmic rays or insufficient detector sensitivity around 100 TeV. Here we report the observation of gamma-ray emission from the supernova remnant G106.3+2.7 above 10 TeV. This work provides flux data points up to and above 100 TeV and indicates that the very-high-energy gamma-ray emission above 10 TeV is well correlated with a molecular cloud rather than the pulsar PSR J2229+6114. Regarding the gamma-ray emission mechanism of G106.3+2.7, this morphological feature appears to favor a hadronic origin via the {\pi}0 decay caused by accelerated relativistic protons over a leptonic one via the inverse-Compton scattering by relativistic electrons. Furthermore, we point out that an X-ray flux upper limit on the synchrotron spectrum would provide important information to firmly establish the hadronic scenario as the mechanism of particle acceleration at the source., Comment: Published in Nature Astronomy
Published: 2021
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9. Gamma-ray Observation of the Cygnus Region in the 100 TeV Energy Region

Author: Amenomori, M., Bao, Y. W., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Xu, Chen, Y., Cirennima, Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, Qi, Gomi, A., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Jiang, P., Jin, H. B., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kato, S., Kawata, K., Kozai, M., Kurashige, D., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Li, Y., Lin, Y. H., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, L. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, W., Liu, X. L., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Munakata, K., Nakada, H., Nakamura, Y., Nakazawa, Y., Nanjo, H., Ning, C. C., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohura, T., Okukawa, S., Ozawa, S., Qian, L., Qian, X., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Sakata, M., Sako, T., Sako, T. K., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Sugimoto, H., Takano, W., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y. P., Wangdui, Wu, H. R., Wu, Q., Xu, J. L., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, Z., Yao, Y. Q., Yin, J., Yokoe, Y., Yu, N. P., Yuan, A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, C. P., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhao, S. P., Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report observations of gamma-ray emissions with energies in the 100 TeV energy region from the Cygnus region in our Galaxy. Two sources are significantly detected in the directions of the Cygnus OB1 and OB2 associations. Based on their positional coincidences, we associate one with a pulsar PSR J2032+4127 and the other mainly with a pulsar wind nebula PWN G75.2+0.1 with the pulsar moving away from its original birthplace situated around the centroid of the observed gamma-ray emission. This work would stimulate further studies of particle acceleration mechanisms at these gamma-ray sources., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Physical Review Letters
Published: 2021
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10. First Detection of sub-PeV Diffuse Gamma Rays from the Galactic Disk: Evidence for Ubiquitous Galactic Cosmic Rays beyond PeV Energies

Author: Amenomori, M., Bao, Y. W., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Xu, Chen, Y., Cirennima, Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, Qi, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Jin, H. B., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kato, S., Kawata, K., Kihara, W., Ko, Y., Kozai, M., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Lin, Y. H., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, M. Y., Liu, W., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Munakata, K., Nakada, H., Nakamura, Y., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohura, T., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Sugimoto, H., Takano, W., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, Z., Yokoe, Y., Yuan, A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhao, S. P., Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report, for the first time, the long-awaited detection of diffuse gamma rays with energies between 100 TeV and 1 PeV in the Galactic disk. Particularly, all gamma rays above 398 TeV are observed apart from known TeV gamma-ray sources and compatible with expectations from the hadronic emission scenario in which gamma rays originate from the decay of $\pi^0$'s produced through the interaction of protons with the interstellar medium in the Galaxy. This is strong evidence that cosmic rays are accelerated beyond PeV energies in our Galaxy and spread over the Galactic disk., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Physical Review Letters
Published: 2021
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11. Evidence of huge evaporite mine clusters under extreme arid climatic conditions of Cretaceous to Paleogene in South China: Example of the Huichang large salt deposit

Author: Liu, Dianhe, Wang, Chunlian, Zhang, Xuehua, Hu, Yufei, Wang, Jiuyi, Yan, Kai, Yu, Xiaocan, Hu, Haibing, Lv, Du, and Liu, Xue
Published: 2024
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12. First Detection of Photons with Energy Beyond 100 TeV from an Astrophysical Source

Author: Amenomori, M., Bao, Y. W., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Chen, Xu, Chen, Y., Cirennima, Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Fang, J. H., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, Qi, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Jin, H. B., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kato, S., Kawata, K., Kozai, M., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Lin, Y. H., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, M. Y., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Mitsui, H., Munakata, K., Nakamura, Y., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Sengoku, Y., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yagisawa, K., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, Z., Yuan, A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report on the highest energy photons from the Crab Nebula observed by the Tibet air shower array with the underground water-Cherenkov-type muon detector array. Based on the criterion of muon number measured in an air shower, we successfully suppress 99.92% of the cosmic-ray background events with energies $E>100$ TeV. As a result, we observed 24 photon-like events with $E>100$ TeV against 5.5 background events, which corresponds to 5.6$\sigma$ statistical significance. This is the first detection of photons with $E>100$ TeV from an astrophysical source., Comment: April 4, 2019; Submitted to the Physical Review Letters
Published: 2019
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13. Search for gamma-ray emission from the Sun during solar minimum with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, Z., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. ., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The hadronic interaction of cosmic rays with solar atmosphere can produce high energy gamma rays. The gamma-ray luminosity is correlated both with the flux of primary cosmic rays and the intensity of the solar magnetic field. The gamma rays below 200 GeV have been observed by $Fermi$ without any evident energy cutoff. The bright gamma-ray flux above 100 GeV has been detected only during solar minimum. The only available data in TeV range come from the HAWC observations, however outside the solar minimum. The ARGO-YBJ dataset has been used to search for sub-TeV/TeV gamma rays from the Sun during the solar minimum from 2008 to 2010, the same time period covered by the Fermi data. A suitable model containing the Sun shadow, solar disk emission and inverse-Compton emission has been developed, and the chi-square minimization method was used to quantitatively estimate the disk gamma-ray signal. The result shows that no significant gamma-ray signal is detected and upper limits to the gamma-ray flux at 0.3$-$7 TeV are set at 95\% confidence level. In the low energy range these limits are consistent with the extrapolation of the Fermi-LAT measurements taken during solar minimum and are compatible with a softening of the gamma-ray spectrum below 1 TeV. They provide also an experimental upper bound to any solar disk emission at TeV energies. Models of dark matter annihilation via long-lived mediators predicting gamma-ray fluxes > $10^{-7}$ GeV $cm^{-2}$ $s^{-1}$ below 1 TeV are ruled out by the ARGO-YBJ limits.
Published: 2019
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14. Recent advances in biodegradable electronics- from fundament to the next-generation multi-functional, medical and environmental device

Author: Zhu, Jianxiong, Wen, Haiying, Zhang, Hui, Huang, Peng, Liu, Lei, and Hu, Haibing
Published: 2023
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15. Sim-YOLOv5s: A method for detecting defects on the end face of lithium battery steel shells

Author: Hu, Haibing and Zhu, Zhenhao
Published: 2023
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16. An attention-based bilateral feature fusion network for 3D point cloud

Author: Hu, Haibing, primary, Liu, Hongchun, additional, Huang, Yecheng, additional, Li, Chenyang, additional, and Zhu, Jianxiong, additional
Published: 2024
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17. Influence of Earth-Directed Coronal Mass Ejections on the Sun's Shadow Observed by the Tibet-III Air Shower Array

Author: Amenomori, M., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawata, K., Kozai, M., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Miyazaki, T., Munakata, K., Nakajima, T., Nakamura, Y., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Niwa, T., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Saito, T. Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Shirai, T., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yamauchi, K., Yang, Z., Yuan, S. A. F., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zho, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We examine the possible influence of Earth-directed coronal mass ejections (ECMEs) on the Sun's shadow in the 3~TeV cosmic-ray intensity observed by the Tibet-III air shower (AS) array. We confirm a clear solar-cycle variation of the intensity deficit in the Sun's shadow during ten years between 2000 and 2009. This solar-cycle variation is overall reproduced by our Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the Sun's shadow based on the potential field model of the solar magnetic field averaged over each solar rotation period. We find, however, that the magnitude of the observed intensity deficit in the Sun's shadow is significantly less than that predicted by MC simulations, particularly during the period around solar maximum when a significant number of ECMEs is recorded. The $\chi^2$ tests of the agreement between the observations and the MC simulations show that the difference is larger during the periods when the ECMEs occur, and the difference is reduced if the periods of ECMEs are excluded from the analysis. This suggests the first experimental evidence of the ECMEs affecting the Sun's shadow observed in the 3~TeV cosmic-ray intensity., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ
Published: 2018
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18. Galactic Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy in the Northern hemisphere from the ARGO-YBJ Experiment during 2008-2012

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Z. Y., Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruffolo, D., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: This paper reports on the observation of the sidereal large-scale anisotropy of cosmic rays using data collected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment over 5 years (2008$-$2012). This analysis extends previous work limited to the period from 2008 January to 2009 December,near the minimum of solar activity between cycles 23 and 24.With the new data sample the period of solar cycle 24 from near minimum to maximum is investigated. A new method is used to improve the energy reconstruction, allowing us to cover a much wider energy range, from 4 to 520 TeV. Below 100 TeV, the anisotropy is dominated by two wide regions, the so-called "tail-in" and "loss-cone" features. At higher energies, a dramatic change of the morphology is confirmed. The yearly time dependence of the anisotropy is investigated. Finally, no noticeable variation of cosmic-ray anisotropy with solar activity is observed for a median energy of 7 TeV.
Published: 2018
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19. Evaluation of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Strength Using the Cosmic-Ray Shadow of the Sun

Author: Amenomori, M., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawata, K., Kozai, M., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Miyazaki, T., Mizutani, K., Munakata, K., Nakajima, T., Nakamura, Y., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Niwa, T., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Saito, T. Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Shirai, T., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yamauchi, K., Yang, Z., Yuan, S. A. F., Yuda, T., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zho, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract: We analyze the Sun's shadow observed with the Tibet-III air shower array and find that the shadow's center deviates northward (southward) from the optical solar disc center in the "Away" ("Toward") IMF sector. By comparing with numerical simulations based on the solar magnetic field model, we find that the average IMF strength in the "Away" ("Toward") sector is $1.54 \pm 0.21_{\rm stat} \pm 0.20_{\rm syst}$ ($1.62 \pm 0.15_{\rm stat} \pm 0.22_{\rm syst}$) times larger than the model prediction. These demonstrate that the observed Sun's shadow is a useful tool for the quantitative evaluation of the average solar magnetic field., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2018
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20. Observation of the thunderstorm-related ground cosmic ray flux variations by ARGO-YBJ

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Amone, A. D, Luobu, Danzeng, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Ren, Labaci, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Ren, Zhaxici, Zhu, Zhaxisang, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Alessandro, F. D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: A correlation between the secondary cosmic ray flux and the near-earth electric field intensity, measured during thunderstorms, has been found by analyzing the data of the ARGO-YBJ experiment, a full coverage air shower array located at the Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Laboratory (4300 m a. s. l., Tibet, China). The counting rates of showers with different particle multiplicities, have been found to be strongly dependent upon the intensity and polarity of the electric field measured during the course of 15 thunderstorms. In negative electric fields (i.e. accelerating negative charges downwards), the counting rates increase with increasing electric field strength. In positive fields, the rates decrease with field intensity until a certain value of the field EFmin (whose value depends on the event multiplicity), above which the rates begin increasing. By using Monte Carlo simulations, we found that this peculiar behavior can be well described by the presence of an electric field in a layer of thickness of a few hundred meters in the atmosphere above the detector, which accelerates/decelerates the secondary shower particles of opposite charge, modifying the number of particles with energy exceeding the detector threshold. These results, for the first time, give a consistent explanation for the origin of the variation of the electron/positron flux observed for decades by high altitude cosmic ray detectors during thunderstorms., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures. The paper has been accepted by PRD
Published: 2017
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21. Recent advances in gas and environmental sensing: From micro/nano to the era of self-powered and artificial intelligent (AI)-enabled device

Author: Zhu, Jianxiong, Wen, Haiying, Fan, Yingjie, Yang, Xiuli, Zhang, Hui, Wu, Wenyu, Zhou, Yijun, and Hu, Haibing
Published: 2022
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22. EAS age determination from the study of the lateral distribution of charged particles near the shower axis with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author: Collaboration, ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The ARGO-YBJ experiment, a full coverage extensive air shower (EAS) detector located at high altitude (4300 m a.s.l.) in Tibet, China, has smoothly taken data, with very high stability, since November 2007 to the beginning of 2013. The array consisted of a carpet of about 7000 m$^2$ Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) operated in streamer mode and equipped with both digital and analog readout, providing the measurement of particle densities up to few particles per cm$^2$. The unique detector features (full coverage, readout granularity, wide dynamic range, etc) and location (very high altitude) allowed a detailed study of the lateral density profile of charged particles at ground very close to the shower axis and its description by a proper lateral distribution function (LDF). In particular, the information collected in the first 10 m from the shower axis have been shown to provide a very effective tool for the determination of the shower development stage ("age") in the energy range 50 TeV - 10 PeV. The sensitivity of the age parameter to the mass composition of primary Cosmic Rays is also discussed.
Published: 2017
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23. Search for Gamma Ray Bursts with the ARGO-YBJ Detector in Shower Mode

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Amone, A. D, Luobu, Danzeng, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gao, W., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Ren, Labaci, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Ren, Zhaxici, Zhu, Zhaxisang, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: The ARGO-YBJ detector, located at the Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Laboratory (4300 m a. s. l., Tibet, China), was a full coverage air shower array dedicated to gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray studies. The wide field of view (~ 2 sr) and high duty cycle (> 86%), made ARGO-YBJ suitable to search for short and unexpected gamma ray emissions like gamma ray bursts (GRBs). Between 2007 November 6 and 2013 February 7, 156 satellite-triggered GRBs (24 of them with known redshift) occurred within the ARGO-YBJ field of view. A search for possible emission associated to these GRBs has been made in the two energy ranges 10-100 GeV and 10-1000 GeV. No significant excess has been found in time coincidence with the satellite detections nor in a time window of one hour after the bursts. Taking into account the EBL absorption, upper limits to the energy fluence at 99% of confidence level have been evaluated,with values ranging from ~ 10-5 erg cm-2 to ~10-1 erg cm-2., Comment: 24pages and 12 figures
Published: 2017
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24. Accuracy analysis of generalized discrete Fourier transform-based harmonics extraction in presence of background harmonics

Author: Zhang, Shuo, Xia, Yuzheng, Yang, Tao, Li, Xiang, Lu, Daorong, and Hu, Haibing
Published: 2022
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25. Extension of Negative-Sequence Current Compensation Range Based on Negative- and Zero-Sequence Voltage Injection for Hybrid Cascaded STATCOM

Author: Lu, Daorong, primary, Wei, Miaoyu, additional, Wu, Tianhong, additional, and Hu, Haibing, additional
Published: 2024
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26. From Sensing Technology towards Digital Twin in Applications

Author: Zhu, Jianxiong, primary, Sun, Bairong, additional, Jia, Luyu, additional, and Hu, Haibing, additional
Published: 2024
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27. Active and Reactive Power Allocation Strategy to Maximize the Range of Negative-Sequence Current Compensation Based on Hybrid Cascaded STATCOM

Author: Wei, Miaoyu, primary, Lu, Daorong, additional, Wu, Tianhong, additional, Alluhaybi, Khalil, additional, and Hu, Haibing, additional
Published: 2024
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28. Detection of thermal neutrons with the PRISMA-YBJ array in Extensive Air Showers selected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Stenkin, . Yu. V., Alekseenko, V. V., Aynutdinov, V., Cai, Z. Y., Guo, X. W., Liu, Y., Rulev, V., Shchegolev, O. B., Stepanov, V., Volchenko, V., and Zhang, H.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We report on a measurement of thermal neutrons, generated by the hadronic component of extensive air showers (EAS), by means of a small array of EN-detectors developed for the PRISMA project (PRImary Spectrum Measurement Array), novel devices based on a compound alloy of ZnS(Ag) and $^{6}$LiF. This array has been operated within the ARGO-YBJ experiment at the high altitude Cosmic Ray Observatory in Yangbajing (Tibet, 4300 m a.s.l.). Due to the tight correlation between the air shower hadrons and thermal neutrons, this technique can be envisaged as a simple way to estimate the number of high energy hadrons in EAS. Coincident events generated by primary cosmic rays of energies greater than 100 TeV have been selected and analyzed. The EN-detectors have been used to record simultaneously thermal neutrons and the air shower electromagnetic component. The density distributions of both components and the total number of thermal neutrons have been measured. The correlation of these data with the measurements carried out by ARGO-YBJ confirms the excellent performance of the EN-detector., Comment: 35 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2015
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29. 4.5 years multi-wavelength observations of Mrk 421 during the ARGO-YBJ and Fermi common operation time

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Damone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report on the extensive multi-wavelength observations of the blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) covering radio to gamma-rays, during the 4.5 year period of ARGO-YBJ and Fermi common operation time, from August 2008 to February 2013. In particular, thanks to the ARGO-YBJ and Fermi data, the whole energy range from 100 MeV to 10 TeV is covered without any gap. In the observation period, Mrk 421 showed both low and high activity states at all wavebands. The correlations among flux variations in different wavebands were analyzed. Seven large flares, including five X-ray flares and two GeV gamma-ray flares with variable durations (3-58 days), and one X-ray outburst phase were identified and used to investigate the variation of the spectral energy distribution with respect to a relative quiescent phase. During the outburst phase and the seven flaring episodes, the peak energy in X-rays is observed to increase from sub-keV to few keV. The TeV gamma-ray flux increases up to 0.9-7.2 times the flux of the Crab Nebula. The behavior of GeV gamma-rays is found to vary depending on the flare, a feature that leads us to classify flares into three groups according to the GeV flux variation. Finally, the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model was adopted to describe the emission spectra. Two out of three groups can be satisfactorily described using injected electrons with a power-law spectral index around 2.2, as expected from relativistic diffuse shock acceleration, whereas the remaining group requires a harder injected spectrum. The underlying physical mechanisms responsible for different groups may be related to the acceleration process or to the environment properties., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, Accepted for publication in ApJS
Published: 2015
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30. Study of the diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane with ARGO-YBJ

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: The events recorded by ARGO-YBJ in more than five years of data collection have been analyzed to determine the diffuse gamma-ray emission in the Galactic plane at Galactic longitudes 25{\deg} < l < 100{\deg} and Galactic latitudes . The energy range covered by this analysis, from ~350 GeV to ~2 TeV, allows the connection of the region explored by Fermi with the multi-TeV measurements carried out by Milagro. Our analysis has been focused on two selected regions of the Galactic plane, i.e., 40{\deg} < l < 100{\deg} and 65{\deg} < l < 85{\deg} (the Cygnus region), where Milagro observed an excess with respect to the predictions of current models. Great care has been taken in order to mask the most intense gamma-ray sources, including the TeV counterpart of the Cygnus cocoon recently identified by ARGO-YBJ, and to remove residual contributions. The ARGO-YBJ results do not show any excess at sub-TeV energies corresponding to the excess found by Milagro, and are consistent with the predictions of the Fermi model for the diffuse Galactic emission. From the measured energy distribution we derive spectral indices and the differential flux at 1 TeV of the diffuse gamma-ray emission in the sky regions investigated., Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, published in APJ
Published: 2015
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31. The analog Resistive Plate Chamber detector of the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari1, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini1, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The ARGO-YBJ experiment has been in stable data taking from November 2007 till February 2013 at the YangBaJing Cosmic Ray Observatory (4300 m a.s.l.). The detector consists of a single layer of Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) ( about 6700 m^2}) operated in streamer mode. The signal pick-up is obtained by means of strips facing one side of the gas volume. The digital readout of the signals, while allows a high space-time resolution in the shower front reconstruction, limits the measurable energy to a few hundred TeV. In order to fully investigate the 1-10 PeV region, an analog readout has been implemented by instrumenting each RPC with two large size electrodes facing the other side of the gas volume. Since December 2009 the RPC charge readout has been in operation on the entire central carpet (about 5800 m^2). In this configuration the detector is able to measure the particle density at the core position where it ranges from tens to many thousands of particles per m^2. Thus ARGO-YBJ provides a highly detailed image of the charge component at the core of air showers. In this paper we describe the analog readout of RPCs in ARGO-YBJ and discuss both the performance of the system and the physical impact on the EAS measurements.
Published: 2015
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32. The cosmic ray proton plus helium energy spectrum measured by the ARGO-YBJ experiment in the energy range 3-300 TeV

Author: Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cao, Z., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Settanta, G., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., and Zhu, Q. Q.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The ARGO-YBJ experiment is a full-coverage air shower detector located at the Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Observatory (Tibet, People's Republic of China, 4300 m a.s.l.). The high altitude, combined with the full-coverage technique, allows the detection of extensive air showers in a wide energy range and offer the possibility of measuring the cosmic ray proton plus helium spectrum down to the TeV region, where direct balloon/space-borne measurements are available. The detector has been in stable data taking in its full configuration from November 2007 to February 2013. In this paper the measurement of the cosmic ray proton plus helium energy spectrum is presented in the region 3-300 TeV by analyzing the full collected data sample. The resulting spectral index is $\gamma = -2.64 \pm 0.01$. These results demonstrate the possibility of performing an accurate measurement of the spectrum of light elements with a ground based air shower detector., Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, preprint submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Published: 2015
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33. Search for GeV Gamma Ray Bursts with the ARGO-YBJ Detector: Summary of Eight Years of Observations

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The search for Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) emission in the energy range 1-100 GeV in coincidence with the satellite detection has been carried out using the Astrophysical Radiation with Ground-based Observatory at YangBaJing (ARGO-YBJ) experiment. The high altitude location (4300 m a.s.l.), the large active surface ($\sim$ 6700 m$^2$ of Resistive Plate Chambers), the wide field of view ($\sim 2~$sr, limited only by the atmospheric absorption) and the high duty cycle ($>$ 86 %) make the ARGO-YBJ experiment particularly suitable to detect short and unexpected events like GRBs. With the scaler mode technique, i.e., counting all the particles hitting the detector with no measurement of the primary energy and arrival direction, the minimum threshold of $\sim$ 1 GeV can be reached, overlapping the direct measurements carried out by satellites. During the experiment lifetime, from December 17, 2004 to February 7, 2013, a total of 206 GRBs occurring within the ARGO-YBJ field of view (zenith angle $\theta$ $\le$ 45$^{\circ}$) have been analyzed. This is the largest sample of GRBs investigated with a ground-based detector. Two lightcurve models have been assumed and since in both cases no significant excess has been found, the corresponding fluence upper limits in the 1-100 GeV energy region have been derived, with values as low as 10$^{-5}~$erg cm$^{-2}$. The analysis of a subset of 24 GRBs with known redshift has been used to constrain the fluence extrapolation to the GeV region together with possible cutoffs under different assumptions on the spectrum., Comment: 43 pages, 6 figures, published in APJ
Published: 2015
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34. The Knee of the Cosmic Hydrogen and Helium Spectrum below 1 PeV Measured by ARGO-YBJ and a Cherenkov Telescope of LHAASO

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Zizzi, G., Bai, Y. X., Chen, M. J., Chen, Y., Feng, S. H., Gao, B., Gu, M. H., Hou, C., Li, X. X., Liu, J. L., Wang, X., Xiao, G., Zhang, B. K., Zhang, S. S., Zhou, B., and Zuo, X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The measurement of cosmic ray energy spectra, in particular for individual species, is an essential approach in finding their origin. Locating the "knees" of the spectra is an important part of the approach and has yet to be achieved. Here we report a measurement of the mixed Hydrogen and Helium spectrum using the combination of the ARGO-YBJ experiment and of a prototype Cherenkov telescope for the LHAASO experiment. A knee feature at 640+/-87 TeV, with a clear steepening of the spectrum, is observed. This gives fundamental inputs to galactic cosmic ray acceleration models.
Published: 2015
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35. Gratings in dispersion-compensated polarization Sagnac interferometer

Author: Xing, Jinyu, Cui, Hao, Hu, Penghao, Jin, Shiqun, Hu, Mingyong, Xia, Guo, and Hu, Haibing
Published: 2020
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36. Spatial and Temporal User Interest Representations for Sequential Recommendation

Author: Hu, Haibing, primary, Han, Kai, additional, Yin, Zhizhuo, additional, and Lian, Defu, additional
Published: 2024
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37. Identification of the TeV Gamma-ray Source ARGO J2031+4157 with the Cygnus Cocoon

Author: Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., DAmone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. DEttorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The extended TeV gamma-ray source ARGO J2031+4157 (or MGRO J2031+41) is positionally consistent with the Cygnus Cocoon discovered by $Fermi$-LAT at GeV energies in the Cygnus superbubble. Reanalyzing the ARGO-YBJ data collected from November 2007 to January 2013, the angular extension and energy spectrum of ARGO J2031+4157 are evaluated. After subtracting the contribution of the overlapping TeV sources, the ARGO-YBJ excess map is fitted with a two-dimensional Gaussian function in a square region of $10^{\circ}\times 10^{\circ}$, finding a source extension $\sigma_{ext}$= 1$^{\circ}$.8$\pm$0$^{\circ}$.5. The observed differential energy spectrum is $dN/dE =(2.5\pm0.4) \times 10^{-11}(E/1 TeV)^{-2.6\pm0.3}$ photons cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ TeV$^{-1}$, in the energy range 0.2-10 TeV. The angular extension is consistent with that of the Cygnus Cocoon as measured by $Fermi$-LAT, and the spectrum also shows a good connection with the one measured in the 1-100 GeV energy range. These features suggest to identify ARGO J2031+4157 as the counterpart of the Cygnus Cocoon at TeV energies. The Cygnus Cocoon, located in the star-forming region of Cygnus X, is interpreted as a cocoon of freshly accelerated cosmic rays related to the Cygnus superbubble. The spectral similarity with Supernova Remnants indicates that the particle acceleration inside a superbubble is similar to that in a SNR. The spectral measurements from 1 GeV to 10 TeV allows for the first time to determine the possible spectrum slope of the underlying particle distribution. A hadronic model is adopted to explain the spectral energy distribution., Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, has been accepted by ApJ for publication
Published: 2014
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38. Energy Spectrum of Cosmic Protons and Helium Nuclei by a Hybrid Measurement at 4300 m a.s.l

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., D'Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli8, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Sbano, S. N., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., Collaboration, G. Zizzi for ARGO-YBJ, Bai, Y. X., Chen, M. J., Chen, Y., Feng, S. H., Gao, B., Gu, M. H., Hou, C., Li, X. X., Liu, J. L., Wang, X., Xiao, G., Zhang, B. K., Zhang, S. S., Zhou, B., and Collaboration, X. Zuo for LHAASO
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The energy spectrum of cosmic Hydrogen and Helium nuclei has been measured, below the so-called "knee", by using a hybrid experiment with a wide field-of-view Cherenkov telescope and the Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) array of the ARGO-YBJ experiment at 4300 m above sea level. The Hydrogen and Helium nuclei have been well separated from other cosmic ray components by using a multi-parameter technique. A highly uniform energy resolution of about 25% is achieved throughout the whole energy range (100 TeV - 700 TeV). The observed energy spectrum is compatible with a single power law with index gamma=-2.63+/-0.06., Comment: To be published on Chinese Physics C
Published: 2014
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39. Intrinsic linearity of bakelite Resistive Plate Chambers operated in streamer mode

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X.J., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S.Z., Chen, T.L., Creti, P., Cui, S.W., Dai, B.Z., D’Amone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., D’Ettorre Piazzoli, B., Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C.F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q.B., Guo, Y.Q., He, H.H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H.Y., Labaciren, Li, H.J., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, J., Liu, M.Y., Lu, H., Ma, L.L., Ma, X.H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S.M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C.C., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P.R., Sheng, X.D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y.H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, H., Wu, C.Y., Wu, H.R., Xue, L., Yang, Q.Y., Yang, X.C., Yao, Z.G., Yuan, A.F., Zha, M., Zhang, H.M., Zhang, L., Zhang, X.Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X.X., Zhu, F.R., Zhu, Q.Q., and Zizzi, G.
Published: 2019
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40. TeV gamma-ray survey of the Northern sky using the ARGO-YBJ detector

Author: Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., DAmone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. DEttorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Sbano, S. N., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The ARGO-YBJ detector is an extensive air shower array that has been used to monitor the northern $\gamma$-ray sky at energies above 0.3 TeV from 2007 November to 2013 January. In this paper, we present the results of a sky survey in the declination band from $-10^{\circ}$ to $70^{\circ}$, using data recorded over the past five years. With an integrated sensitivity ranging from 0.24 to $\sim$1 Crab units depending on the declination, six sources have been detected with a statistical significance greater than 5 standard deviations. Several excesses are also reported as potential $\gamma$-ray emitters. The features of each source are presented and discussed. Additionally, $95\%$ confidence level upper limits of the flux from the investigated sky region are shown. Specific upper limits for 663 GeV $\gamma$-ray AGNs inside the ARGO-YBJ field of view are reported. The effect of the absorption of $\gamma$-rays due to the interaction with extragalactic background light is estimated., Comment: 30 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication by ApJ
Published: 2013
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41. Probe of the Solar Magnetic Field Using the 'Cosmic-Ray Shadow' of the Sun

Author: Amenomori, M., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, T. L., Chen, W. Y., Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., Hakamada, K., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawata, K., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. J., Li, W. J., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Mizutani, K., Munakata, K., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Onuma, H., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Saito, T. Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Shirai, T., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, Z., Yasue, S., Yuan, A. F., Yuda, T., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report on a clear solar-cycle variation of the Sun's shadow in the 10 TeV cosmic-ray flux observed by the Tibet air shower array during a full solar cycle from 1996 to 2009. In order to clarify the physical implications of the observed solar cycle variation, we develop numerical simulations of the Sun's shadow, using the Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) model and the Current Sheet Source Surface (CSSS) model for the coronal magnetic field. We find that the intensity deficit in the simulated Sun's shadow is very sensitive to the coronal magnetic field structure, and the observed variation of the Sun's shadow is better reproduced by the CSSS model. This is the first successful attempt to evaluate the coronal magnetic field models by using the Sun's shadow observed in the TeV cosmic-ray flux., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Published: 2013
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42. A Monte Carlo study to measure the energy spectra of the primary cosmic-ray components at the knee using a new Tibet AS core detector array

Author: Collaboration, The Tibet Asγ, Amenomori, M., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Chen, W. Y., Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Ding, X. H., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gou, Q. B., Guo, H. W., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., He, Z. T., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Li, W. J., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawata, K., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Liu, C., Liu, J. S., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Mizutani, K., Munakata, K., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Qian, X. L., Qu, X. B., Saito, T., Saito, T. Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shao, J., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Shirai, T., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, H., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yang, Z., Yasue, S., Yuan, A. F., Yuda, T., Zhai, L. M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A new hybrid experiment has been started by AS{\gamma} experiment at Tibet, China, since August 2011, which consists of a low threshold burst-detector-grid (YAC-II, Yangbajing Air shower Core array), the Tibet air-shower array (Tibet-III) and a large underground water Cherenkov muon detector (MD). In this paper, the capability of the measurement of the chemical components (proton, helium and iron) with use of the (Tibet-III+YAC-II) is investigated by means of an extensive Monte Carlo simulation in which the secondary particles are propagated through the (Tibet-III+YAC-II) array and an artificial neural network (ANN) method is applied for the primary mass separation. Our simulation shows that the new installation is powerful to study the chemical compositions, in particular, to obtain the primary energy spectrum of the major component at the knee., Comment: 4 pages,7 figures,In Proc 32nd Int. Cosmic Ray Conf. Vol.1,157 (2011)
Published: 2013

43. Observation of TeV gamma-rays from the unidentified source HESS J1841-055 with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author: Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. DAli, DAmone, A., Danzengluobu, De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. DEttorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Giroletti, E., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Sbano, S. N., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report the observation of a very high energy \gamma-ray source, whose position is coincident with HESS J1841-055. This source has been observed for 4.5 years by the ARGO-YBJ experiment from November 2007 to July 2012. Its emission is detected with a statistical significance of 5.3 standard deviations. Parameterizing the source shape with a two-dimensional Gaussian function we estimate an extension \sigma=(0.40(+0.32,-0.22}) degree, consistent with the HESS measurement. The observed energy spectrum is dN/dE =(9.0-+1.6) x 10^{-13}(E/5 TeV)^{-2.32-+0.23} photons cm^{-2} s^{-1} TeV^{-1}, in the energy range 0.9-50 TeV. The integral \gamma-ray flux above 1 TeV is 1.3-+0.4 Crab units, which is 3.2-+1.0 times the flux derived by HESS. The differences in the flux determination between HESS and ARGO-YBJ, and possible counterparts at other wavelengths are discussed., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, have been accepted for publication in ApJ
Published: 2013
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44. Long-term Monitoring on Mrk 501 for Its VHE gamma Emission and a Flare in October 2011

Author: Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bleve, C., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. DAl, Danzengluobu, Dattoli, M., De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Giroletti, E., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Stanescu, C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: As one of the brightest active blazars in both X-ray and very high energy $\gamma$-ray bands, Mrk 501 is very useful for physics associated with jets from AGNs. The ARGO-YBJ experiment is monitoring it for $\gamma$-rays above 0.3 TeV since November 2007. Starting from October 2011 the largest flare since 2005 is observed, which lasts to about April 2012. In this paper, a detailed analysis is reported. During the brightest $\gamma$-rays flaring episodes from October 17 to November 22, 2011, an excess of the event rate over 6 $\sigma$ is detected by ARGO-YBJ in the direction of Mrk 501, corresponding to an increase of the $\gamma$-ray flux above 1 TeV by a factor of 6.6$\pm$2.2 from its steady emission. In particular, the $\gamma$-ray flux above 8 TeV is detected with a significance better than 4 $\sigma$. Based on time-dependent synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) processes, the broad-band energy spectrum is interpreted as the emission from an electron energy distribution parameterized with a single power-law function with an exponential cutoff at its high energy end. The average spectral energy distribution for the steady emission is well described by this simple one-zone SSC model. However, the detection of $\gamma$-rays above 8 TeV during the flare challenges this model due to the hardness of the spectra. Correlations between X-rays and $\gamma$-rays are also investigated., Comment: have been accepted for publication at ApJ
Published: 2012
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45. Observation of TeV gamma rays from the Cygnus region with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author: Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bleve, C., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. D'Alí, Danzengluobu, Dattoli, M., De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Giroletti, E., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Stanescu, C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We report the observation of TeV gamma-rays from the Cygnus region using the ARGO-YBJ data collected from 2007 November to 2011 August. Several TeV sources are located in this region including the two bright extended MGRO J2019+37 and MGRO J2031+41. According to the Milagro data set, at 20 TeV MGRO J2019+37 is the most significant source apart from the Crab Nebula. No signal from MGRO J2019+37 is detected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment, and the derived flux upper limits at 90% confidence level for all the events above 600 GeV with medium energy of 3 TeV are lower than the Milagro flux, implying that the source might be variable and hard to be identified as a pulsar wind nebula. The only statistically significant (6.4 standard deviations) gamma-ray signal is found from MGRO J2031+41, with a flux consistent with the measurement by Milagro., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2012
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46. Long-term monitoring of the TeV emission from Mrk 421 with the ARGO-YBJ experiment

Author: Collaboration, The ARGO-YBJ, Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bleve, C., Bolognino, I., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cappa, A., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Celio, P., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. D'Alí, Danzengluobu, Dattoli, M., De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Galeotti, P., Giroletti, E., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, M. Y., Lu, H., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Panico, B., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Qu, X. B., Rossi, E., Ruggieri, F., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Stanescu, C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yan, Y. X., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yao, Z. G., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, Jilong, Zhang, Jianli, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: ARGO-YBJ is an air shower detector array with a fully covered layer of resistive plate chambers. It is operated with a high duty cycle and a large field of view. It continuously monitors the northern sky at energies above 0.3 TeV. In this paper, we report a long-term monitoring of Mrk 421 over the period from 2007 November to 2010 February. This source was observed by the satellite-borne experiments Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and Swift in the X-ray band. Mrk 421 was especially active in the first half of 2008. Many flares are observed in both X-ray and gamma-ray bands simultaneously. The gamma-ray flux observed by ARGO-YBJ has a clear correlation with the X-ray flux. No lag between the X-ray and gamma-ray photons longer than 1 day is found. The evolution of the spectral energy distribution is investigated by measuring spectral indices at four different flux levels. Hardening of the spectra is observed in both X-ray and gamma-ray bands. The gamma-ray flux increases quadratically with the simultaneously measured X-ray flux. All these observational results strongly favor the synchrotron self-Compton process as the underlying radiative mechanism., Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2011
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47. Mean Interplanetary Magnetic Field Measurement Using the ARGO-YBJ Experiment

Author: Aielli, G., Bacci, C., Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Bleve, C., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Melcarne, A. K. Calabrese, Camarri, P., Cao, Z., Cappa, A., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cattaneo, C., Celio, P., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Creti, P., Cui, S. W., Dai, B. Z., Staiti, G. D'Alí, Danzengluobu, Dattoli, M., De Mitri, I., Piazzoli, B. D'Ettorre, De Vincenzi, M., Di Girolamo, T., Ding, X. H., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, C. F., Feng, Z. Y., Feng, Zhenyong, Galeazzi, F., Galeotti, P., Gargana, R., Gou, Q. B., Guo, Y. Q., He, H. H., Hu, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iuppa, R., James, I., Jia, H. Y., Labaciren, Li, H. J., Li, J. Y., Li, X. X., Liberti, B., Liguori, G., Liu, C., Liu, C. Q., Liu, M. Y., Liu, J., Lu, H., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mastroianni, S., Meng, X. R., Montini, P., Ning, C. C., Pagliaro, A., Panareo, M., Perrone, L., Pistilli, P., Qu, X. B., Rossi, E., Ruggieri, F., Saggese, L., Salvini, P., Santonico, R., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Shi, F., Stanescu, C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Vigorito, C., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Yao, Z. G., Xu, B., Xue, L., Yan, Y. X., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yuan, A. F., Zha, M., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, JiLong, Zhang, JianLi, Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Zhou, X. X., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, Q. Q., and Zizzi, G.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The sun blocks cosmic ray particles from outside the solar system, forming a detectable shadow in the sky map of cosmic rays detected by the ARGO-YBJ experiment in Tibet. Because the cosmic ray particles are positive charged, the magnetic field between the sun and the earth deflects them from straight trajectories and results in a shift of the shadow from the true location of the sun. Here we show that the shift measures the intensity of the field which is transported by the solar wind from the sun to the earth., Comment: 6 papges,3 figures
Published: 2011
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48. On Temporal Variations of the Multi-TeV Cosmic Ray Anisotropy using the Tibet III Air Shower Array

Author: Amenomori, M., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Ding, X. H., Fan, C., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Gou, Q. B., Guo, H. W., He, H. H., He, M., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Huang, Q., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawata, K., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. C., Li, J. Y., Liu, C., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Mizutani, K., Mu, J., Munakata, K., Nagai, A., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Saito, T., Saito, T. Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Shirai, T., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. G., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yan, C. T., Yang, X. C., Yasue, S., Ye, Z. H., Yu, G. C., Yuan, A. F., Yuda, T., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We analyze the large-scale two-dimensional sidereal anisotropy of multi-TeV cosmic rays by Tibet Air Shower Array, with the data taken from 1999 November to 2008 December. To explore temporal variations of the anisotropy, the data set is divided into nine intervals, each in a time span of about one year. The sidereal anisotropy of magnitude about 0.1% appears fairly stable from year to year over the entire observation period of nine years. This indicates that the anisotropy of TeV Galactic cosmic rays remains insensitive to solar activities since the observation period covers more than a half of the 23rd solar cycle., Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2010
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49. Observation of TeV Gamma Rays from the Fermi Bright Galactic Sources with the Tibet Air Shower Array

Author: Amenomori, M., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Ding, X. H., Fan, C., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Gou, Q. B., Guo, H. W., He, H. H., He, M., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Huang, Q., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawata, K., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. C., Li, J. Y., Liu, C., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Mizutani, K., Mu, J., Munakata, K., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Saito, T., Saito, T. Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Shirai, T., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. G., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yan, C. T., Yang, X. C., Yasue, S., Ye, Z. H., Yu, G. C., Yuan, A. F., Yuda, T., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, and Zhou, X. X.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Using the Tibet-III air shower array, we search for TeV gamma-rays from 27 potential Galactic sources in the early list of bright sources obtained by the Fermi Large Area Telescope at energies above 100 MeV. Among them, we observe 7 sources instead of the expected 0.61 sources at a significance of 2 sigma or more excess. The chance probability from Poisson statistics would be estimated to be 3.8 x 10^-6. If the excess distribution observed by the Tibet-III array has a density gradient toward the Galactic plane, the expected number of sources may be enhanced in chance association. Then, the chance probability rises slightly, to 1.2 x 10^-5, based on a simple Monte Carlo simulation. These low chance probabilities clearly show that the Fermi bright Galactic sources have statistically significant correlations with TeV gamma-ray excesses. We also find that all 7 sources are associated with pulsars, and 6 of them are coincident with sources detected by the Milagro experiment at a significance of 3 sigma or more at the representative energy of 35 TeV. The significance maps observed by the Tibet-III air shower array around the Fermi sources, which are coincident with the Milagro >=3sigma sources, are consistent with the Milagro observations. This is the first result of the northern sky survey of the Fermi bright Galactic sources in the TeV region., Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Published: 2009
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50. Large-scale sidereal anisotropy of multi-TeV galactic cosmic rays and the heliosphere

Author: Amenomori, M., Bi, X. J., Chen, D., Cui, S. W., Danzengluobu, Ding, L. K., Ding, X. H., Fan, C., Feng, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Z. Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Gou, Q. B., Guo, H. W., He, H. H., He, M., Hibino, K., Hotta, N., Hu, Haibing, Hu, H. B., Huang, J., Huang, Q., Jia, H. Y., Jiang, L., Kajino, F., Kasahara, K., Katayose, Y., Kato, C., Kawata, K., Labaciren, Le, G. M., Li, A. F., Li, H. C., Li, J. Y., Liu, C., Lou, Y. -Q., Lu, H., Meng, X. R., Mizutani, K., Mu, J., Munakata, K., Nagai, A., Nanjo, H., Nishizawa, M., Ohnishi, M., Ohta, I., Ozawa, S., Saito, T., Saito, T. Y., Sakata, M., Sako, T. K., Shibata, M., Shiomi, A., Shirai, T., Sugimoto, H., Takita, M., Tan, Y. H., Tateyama, N., Torii, S., Tsuchiya, H., Udo, S., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. G., Wu, H. R., Xue, L., Yamamoto, Y., Yan, C. T., Yang, X. C., Yasue, S., Ye, Z. H., Yu, G. C., Yuan, A. F., Yuda, T., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhou, X. X., and Kota, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We develop a model anisotropy best-fitting to the two-dimensional sky-map of multi-TeV galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity observed with the Tibet III air shower (AS) array. By incorporating a pair of intensity excesses in the hydrogen deflection plane (HDP) suggested by Gurnett et al., together with the uni-directional and bi-directional flows for reproducing the observed global feature, this model successfully reproduces the observed sky-map including the "skewed" feature of the excess intensity from the heliotail direction, whose physical origin has long remained unknown. These additional excesses are modeled by a pair of the northern and southern Gaussian distributions, each placed ~50 degree away from the heliotail direction. The amplitude of the southern excess is as large as ~0.2 %, more than twice the amplitude of the northern excess. This implies that the Tibet AS experiment discovered for the first time a clear evidence of the significant modulation of GCR intensity in the heliotail and the asymmetric heliosphere., Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, 31st International Cosmic Ray Conference (Lodz, Poland), 2009
Published: 2009

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