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In this study, the alginate/chitosan complexes were prepared to encapsulate lemongrass essential oils (Cymbopogon citratus). Essential oils are secondary metabolites that are easily changed under environmental influences (temperature, pH, light). This research opened a new line in protecting essential oils from adverse effects from the surrounding environment. The ion-gel encapsulation technique combined with alginate/chitosan complexes has been applied to encapsulate C. citratus essential oil. The factors were surveyed including homogenization time (10–20 min), concentration of Tween 80 (0–5% w/w), concentration of sodium alginate (1.5–3.5% w/v), concentration of essential oils (20–40% w/w), concentration of CaCl2 (1.0–2.5% w/v), concentration of chitosan (0.5–2.0%), and pH of chitosan solution (4–6). The properties of products have been determined including moisture content as 80.39%, encapsulation yield as 98.79%, encapsulation efficiency as 88.74% with homogenization time as 15 min, concentration of Tween 80 as 1.5%, concentration of sodium alginate as 2.5% (w/v), concentration of essential oils as 30% (w/w), concentration of CaCl2 as 2.5% (w/v), concentration of chitosan as 2.0% (w/w), and pH chitosan solution as 5. The main chemical compositions of essential oils before and after encapsulation, such as citral, myrcene, and limonene, have still remained.

This study introduces significant improvements in the construction of deep convolutional neural network models for classifying agricultural products, specifically oranges, based on their shape, size, and color. Utilizing the MobileNetV2 architecture, this research leverages its efficiency and lightweight nature, making it suitable for mobile and embedded applications. Key techniques such as depthwise separable convolutions, linear bottlenecks, and inverted residuals help reduce the number of parameters and computational load while maintaining high performance in feature extraction. Additionally, the study employs comprehensive data augmentation methods, including horizontal and vertical flips, grayscale transformations, hue adjustments, brightness adjustments, and noise addition to enhance the model's robustness and generalization capabilities. The proposed model demonstrates superior performance, achieving an overall accuracy of 99.53%∼100% with nearly perfect precision, recall of 95.7%, and F1-score of 94.6% for both “orange_good” and “orange_bad” classes, significantly outperforming previous models which typically achieved accuracies between 70% and 90%. While the classification performance was near-perfect in some aspects, there were minor errors in specific detection tasks. The confusion matrix shows that the model has high sensitivity and specificity, with very few misclassifications. Finally, this study highlights the practical applicability of the proposed model, particularly its easy deployment on resource-constrained devices and its effectiveness in agricultural product quality control processes. These findings affirm the model in this research as a reliable and highly efficient tool for agricultural product classification, surpassing the capabilities of traditional models in this field.

Dracaenae cambodianae Pierre ex Gagnep (Huyết Giác in Vietnamese) is widely utilised in traditional remedies to alleviate joint pain. Indeed, D. cambodianae contains chemical components with biological properties such as cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. This research aims to determine the antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties of D. cambodianae extract in RAW 264.7 and SW 1353 cell lines. The D. cambodianae was extracted with two solvents: dichloromethane (HGA) and methanol (HGB) and subsequently assessed for the total polyphenols and flavonoids content before evaluating its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in RAW 264.7 and SW 1353 cell lines. The extract with HGB exhibited 1.73 times higher total polyphenol content than HGA. The antioxidant capacity (EC50) of HGA was lower than that of HGB. HGA displayed significant cytotoxicity towards the cells, while HGB did not induce cell death. HGB effectively inhibited nitric oxide production, LPS-induced iNOS, and IL-1β-stimulated MMP13 expression. These findings demonstrate that HBG derived from D. cambodianae Pierre ex Gagnep possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, offering potential applications in the treatment of inflammation and osteoarthritis in the future.

To reduce the hazards brought by water hyacinth, many applications of water hyacinth have been studied and continuously expanded. The large biomass of water hyacinth is applied in many fields such as for wastewater treatment, wastewater purification, biological raw material sources, animal feed production, medicine, antioxidants, agriculture, and household appliances. This research investigates the desalination capacity of freshwater hyacinths, raw materials from water hyacinths, biochar, and activated carbon materials from water hyacinth stems. Results have shown that the suitable temperature for charring fresh water hyacinth is 420 °C. The activated carbon from the water hyacinth stems with a BET surface area of 200.4 ± 1.9 m²/g can be desalinated under the conditions of 0.4 g of activated carbon mass, 15 min of reaction time, 2.0 ppt of salt concentration, and at neutral pH. In contrast, raw materials from water hyacinths and biochar were unable to desalinate. This study evaluates the desalination ability of the activated carbon material of water hyacinth.

Rice-shrimp rotation systems are one of the widespread farming practices in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta coastal areas. However, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the system have remained unclear. This study aimed to examine methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from the system, including (i) land-based versus high-density polyethylene-lined (HDPE) nursery ponds and (ii) conventional versus improved grow-out ponds inoculated with effective microorganisms (EM) bioproducts. The results showed that CH4 flux in land-based and HDPE-lined nursery ponds were 1.04 and 0.25 mgCH4 m−2 h−1, respectively, while the N2O flux was 8.37 and 6.62 μgN2O m−2 h−1, respectively. Global warming potential (GWP) from land-based nursery ponds (18.3 g CO2eq m−2) was approximately 3 folds higher than that of the HDPE-lined nursery pond (6.1 g CO2eq m−2). Similarly, the mean CH4 and N2O fluxes were 15.84 mg CH4 m−2 h−1 and 7.17 μg N2O m−2 h−1 for the conventional ponds, and 10.51 mg CH4 m−2 h−1 and 7.72 μg N2O m−2 h−1 for the improved grow-out ponds. Conventional practices (2388 g CO2eq m−2) had a higher 1.5-fold GWP compared to the improved grow-out pond (1635 g CO2eq m−2). The continuation of the land-based nursery pond and conventional aquacultural farming practices increase CH4 emission and GWP, while applying HDPE-lined nursery ponds combined with improved grow-out ponds could be a promising approach for reducing GHG emissions in rice-shrimp rotation systems. This study recommends further works in the rice-shrimp rotation systems, including (i) an examination of the effects of remaining rice stubbles in the platform on the availability of TOC levels and GHG emissions and (ii) ameliorating dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on the effectiveness of GHG emission reduction.

Background: T-cell-based adoptive cell therapies have emerged at the forefront of cancer immunotherapies; however, failed long-term survival and inevitable exhaustion of transplanted T lymphocytes in vivo limits clinical efficacy. Leukemia blasts possess enhanced glycolysis (Warburg effect), exploiting their microenvironment to deprive nutrients (e.g., glucose) from T cells, leading to T-cell dysfunction and leukemia progression. Methods: Thus, we explored whether genetic reprogramming of T-cell metabolism could improve their survival and empower T cells with a competitive glucose-uptake advantage against blasts and inhibit their uncontrolled proliferation. Results: Here, we discovered that high-glucose concentration reduced the T-cell expression of glucose transporter GLUT1 (SLC2A1) and TFAM (mitochondrion transcription factor A), an essential transcriptional regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, leading to their impaired expansion ex vivo. To overcome the glucose-induced genetic deficiency in metabolism, we engineered T cells with lentiviral overexpression of SLC2A1 and/or TFAM transgene. Multi-omics analyses revealed that metabolic reprogramming promoted T-cell proliferation by increasing IL-2 release and reducing exhaustion. Moreover, the engineered T cells competitively deprived glucose from allogenic blasts and lessened leukemia burden in vitro. Conclusions: Our findings propose a novel T-cell immunotherapy that utilizes a dual strategy of starving blasts and cytotoxicity for preventing uncontrolled leukemia proliferation.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of an electroacupuncture-like magnetic therapy (ELMT) and conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). A prospective randomized controlled trial in single-centre was conducted. Thirty-four CTS patients confirmed by electrodiagnostic study were randomized into TENS or ELMT group and completed a six-week treatment program. TENS or ELMT treatment was applied on acupuncture point PC-6 (Neiguan) and one selected hand acupoint. Therapeutic exercises were also included after the electrophysical modality. Their physical signs, motor and sensory performances, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) scores, and results of electrodiagnostic study were evaluated. After treatments, both groups demonstrated significantly decreased BCTQ scores and positive rate of Tinel’s sign in the major symptomatic side, which indicated improvements in the symptom severity and physical functions. Significant increases in distal sensory amplitude and nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve were only found in the ELMT group. Our study found either conventional TENS or ELMT plus therapeutic exercises could improve the symptomatology and physical provocation sign of CTS. The ELMT has additional improvement in the nerve conduction in patients with CTS.

The Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is an enveloped RNA virus that caused a dangerous COVID-19 pandemic following an outbreak in Wuhan, China in 2019. In response to the pandemic, the development of lateral flow assays (LFAs) has been crucial for the detection of viruses, commonly targeting the spike (S) or nucleocapsid (N) protein in nasopharyngeal swab (NS) specimens. COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, predominantly manifests as a respiratory tract infection-like illness, characterized by symptoms such as fever, dry cough, upper airway congestion, runny nose, sore throat, myalgia, headache, and exhaustion. This study presents the development of an LFA targeting the N protein to detect the coronavirus in saliva specimens, using a sandwich format. The use of 80 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been investigated, and the application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and TMB substrate has been employed to enhance the limit of detection (LOD). The results demonstrate a significant 200-fold improvement in LOD, from 10 to 50 pg/ml, for N protein spiked in saliva samples after the application of HRP-TMB. This finding highlights an important advancement towards the utilization of saliva samples in diagnostic applications.

Chau Giang Huynh,1 Nghiem Xuan Huynh,1 Bich-Ha Thi Truong,2 Truc Thanh Thai,3 Phuong-Thao Thi Doan4 1Department of Pathology, Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 3Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 4Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamCorrespondence: Truc Thanh Thai, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tel +84 908 381 266, Email thaithanhtruc@ump.edu.vnBackground: The rate of unfavorable outcomes, such as recurrence and death, in women with invasive breast cancer varies widely across countries and populations. Identifying those with high-risk profiles is critical so that early detection, prediction, and intervention can be made to improve their survival rate. Therefore, our study evaluated the rate of unfavorable outcomes and its association with clinicopathological characteristics in Vietnamese women with primary invasive breast cancer.Methods: A retrospective open cohort study was conducted on Vietnamese women with invasive breast cancer who underwent a mastectomy and were regularly followed up by the hospitals. Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the rate of unfavorable outcomes to take into account the follow-up time of each patient. Univariate and multiple Cox regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between unfavorable outcomes and clinicopathological characteristics.Results: Among 204 women included in the data analysis, the mean age was 54.4 ± 10.9 years. The majority of patients were diagnosed with early-stage (76.5%) or locally advanced (22.5%) breast cancer. The 5-year rate of unfavorable outcomes was 12.8%, and the 8-year rate was 31.7%. Patients with advanced stages had a higher risk of unfavorable outcomes compared to those with early stages (IA, IIA, T2N1). Patients with lymph node metastases and those with triple-negative molecular classification had significantly higher rates of unfavorable outcomes.Conclusion: Although Vietnamese women with breast cancer have a relatively low rate of unfavorable outcomes compared to other countries, findings from this study emphasize the importance of early detection and underscore the need for targeted interventions for patients with advanced stages, lymph node metastases, and triple-negative breast cancer to optimize their treatment, outcomes, and overall prognosis.Keywords: unfavorable outcomes, invasive breast cancer, high-risk profiles, clinicopathological characteristics, Vietnamese women

Thuy Minh Ha,* Duy Hoang,* Chien Dinh Huynh, Linh Le College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Duy Hoang, College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Tel +84 961 727 259, Email duy.hm@vinuni.edu.vnAbstract: The curriculum in teaching anatomy is under increasing pressure to transform from traditional to interdisciplinary integration, from cadaver-based to multimodal instruction with a system-based approach. Educational technologies are becoming critical and urged to be integrated into teaching medicine. At the College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, the block of Human Body Structure and Function (HBSF) within the undergraduate medical training program was designed to teach anatomy with relevant basic medical sciences based on the principles of the system-based integrated structure. To support students in achieving the intended learning outcomes, multiple innovative technological platforms have been introduced into the curriculum using the moderation of the Adaptation – Standardization – Integration – Compliance (ASIC) framework over four key terms: adaptation, standardization, integration, and compliance. In this paper, the process for curriculum development is presented with an illustration of the selected technological platforms and the lessons learned using the ASIC model.Keywords: anatomy, education, innovation, integration, technology

ABSTRACTObjectives Sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by a mutation in the beta-globin gene resulting in abnormal hemoglobin S (HgbS). The significant sequela of SCD include anemia and recurrent vaso-occlusive episodes (VOEs) which may effectuate patients to receive chronic blood transfusions. Current pharmacotherapy options for SCD include hydroxyurea, voxelotor, Lglutamine, and crizanlizumab. Simple and exchange transfusions are often utilized as prophylaxis to prevent emergency department (ED)/urgent care (UC) visits or hospitalizations from VOEs by reducing the level of sickled red blood cells (RBCs). In addition, the treatment of VOEs involves intravenous (IV) hydration and pain management. Studies have demonstrated that sickle cell infusion centers (SCIC) decrease hospital admissions for VOEs, and IV hydration and pain medications are the key components of management employed. Thus, we hypothesized that implementing a structured infusion protocol in the outpatient setting would reduce the incidence of VOEs.Methods Here, we discuss two patients with SCD who were trialed on scheduled outpatient IV hydration and opioids with the goal of decreasing the frequency of VOEs in the setting of the current blood product shortage and the patients' refusal to receive exchange transfusions.Results Overall, the two patients had opposing outcomes- one demonstrated reduced frequency of VOEs, whereas the other had mixed results due to noncompliance to scheduled outpatient sessions.Discussion/Conclusion The use of outpatient SCICs may be an effective intervention for prevention of VOEs in patients with SCD, and further patient-centered research and quality improvement initiatives are needed to further quantify and understand the factors contributing to their efficacy.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have frequent mutations in FMS-like receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-mut AML), who respond poorly to salvage chemotherapies and targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Disease relapse is a common reason of treatment failures in FLT3-mut AML patients, but its intracellular refractory mechanism remains to be discovered. In this study, we designed serial in vitro time-course studies to investigate the biomarkers of TKI-resistant blasts and their survival mechanism. First, we found that a group of transient TKI-resistant blasts were CD44+Phosphorylated-BAD (pBAD)+ and that they could initiate the regrowth of blast clusters in vitro. Notably, TKI-treatments upregulated the compensation pathways to promote PIM2/3-mediated phosphorylation of BAD to initiate the blast survival. Next, we discovered a novel process of intracellular adaptive responses in these transient TKI-resistant blasts, including upregulated JAK/STAT signaling pathways for PIM2/3 expressions and activated SOCS1/SOCS3/PIAS2 inhibitory pathways to down-regulate redundant signal transduction and kinase phosphorylation to regain intracellular homeostasis. Finally, we found that the combination of TKIs with TYK2/STAT4 pathways-driven inhibitors could effectively treat FLT3-mut AML in vitro. In summary, our findings reveal that TKI-treatment can activate a JAK/STAT-PIM2/3 axis-mediated signaling pathways to promote the survival of CD44+pBAD+blasts in vitro. Disrupting these TKIs-activated redundant pathways and blast homeostasis could be a novel therapeutic strategy to treat FLT3-mut AML and prevent disease relapse in vivo.

Nghiên cứu kiểm định tác động của các nhân tố trong việc thực thi trách nhiệm xã hội (CSR) đối với khách hàng đến hình ảnh thương hiệu của các doanh nghiệp lưu trú tại tỉnh Khánh Hòa. Dữ liệu nghiên cứu được thu thập thông qua bảng hỏi được thiết kế sẵn cho 230 du khách trải nghiệm tại các doanh nghiệp lưu trú trên địa bàn. Sử dụng phương pháp thống kê mô tả, kiểm định độ tin cậy của mô hình, phân tích mô hình hồi quy, kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy việc thực thi CSR đối với khách hàng ở khía cạnh cảm nhận về tính an toàn và chất lượng dịch vụ có tác động mạnh nhất đến nhận thức của du khách về hình ảnh thương hiệu của doanh nghiệp. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu, bài viết đưa ra các chính sách nhằm giúp các doanh nghiệp kinh doanh lưu trú thực hiện tốt hơn CSR đối với khách hàng, góp phần nâng cao hình ảnh thương hiệu của các doanh nghiệp lưu trú trong thời gian tới.

In the process of autonomous vehicle motion planning and to create comfort for vehicle occupants, factors that must be considered are the vehicle’s safety features and the road’s slipperiness and smoothness. In this paper, we build a mathematical model based on the combination of a genetic algorithm and a neural network to offer lane-change solutions of autonomous vehicles, focusing on human vehicle control skills. Traditional moving planning methods often use vehicle kinematic and dynamic constraints when creating lane-change trajectories for autonomous vehicles. When comparing this generated trajectory with a man-generated moving trajectory, however, there is in fact a significant difference. Therefore, to draw the optimal factors from the actual driver’s lanechange operations, the solution in this paper builds the training data set for the moving planning process with lane change operation by humans with optimal elements. The simulation results are performed in a MATLAB simulation environment to demonstrate that the proposed solution operates effectively with optimal points such as operator maneuvers and improved comfort for passengers as well as creating a smooth and slippery lane-change trajectory.

For the last two decades, the development of substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) has been continuously pushed for better performances. In this research, we designed SERS substrates with better detection capability and more efficient sample collection. In particular, morphology-controlled Ag nanoparticles were deposited onto cotton swab (cotton Q-tip), followed by a thin cover layer of graphene oxide by the dip-coating method. The graphene oxide overlay was expected to not only protect Ag nanoparticles from degradation by the environment but also contribute to sample adsorption and signal enhancement. To demonstrate the performance of the SERS substrates, different concentrations of Rhodamine B as low as 10 ^–10 M were successfully detected and the enhancement factors were estimated to be 3 × 10 ^10 –5 × 10 ^10 . It is our expectation that these cotton swab-based substrates will contribute to our ongoing efforts toward low-cost, high-efficiency and durable SERS substrate.

Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has the lowest survival rate among the leukemias. Targeting intracellular metabolism and energy production in leukemic cells can be a promising therapeutic strategy for AML. Recently, we presented the successful use of vitamin D (1,25VD3) gene therapy to treat AML mouse models in vivo. In this study, recognizing the importance of 1,25VD3 as one of only 2 molecules (along with glucose) photosynthesized for energy during the beginning stage of life on this planet, we explored the functional role of 1,25VD3 in AML metabolism. Transcriptome database (RNA-seq) of four different AML cell lines revealed 17,757 genes responding to 1,25VD3-treatment. Moreover, we discovered that fructose-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) noticeably stands out as the only gene (out of 17,757 genes) with a 250-fold increase in gene expression, which is known to encode the key rate-limiting gluconeogenic enzyme fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. The significant increased expression of FBP1 gene and proteins induced by 1,25VD3 was confirmed by qPCR, western blot, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and functional lactate assay. Additionally, 1,25VD3 was found to regulate different AML metabolic processes including gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, TCA, de novo nucleotide synthesis, etc. In summary, we provided the first evidence that 1,25 VD3-induced FBP1 overexpression might be a novel therapeutic target to block the “Warburg Effect” to reduce energy production in AML blasts.

T cell based immunotherapies can be applicable to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Therefore, the selection of optimal T cells, cell manufacturing, and therapeutic T cell engineering are essential for the development of effective adoptive T cell therapies for AML. Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been in clinical trials to treat solid malignancies. Herein, we assessed whether TILs can be isolated from the bone marrow (BM) of AML patients, expanded ex vivo and utilized as a novel therapeutic strategy for AML. To this end, firstly we analyzed the immunophenotypes of a series of primary BM samples from AML patients (N = 10) by flow cytometry. We observed a variable amount of CD3+ TILs (range ∼2.3–∼32.6% of mononuclear cells) among BM samples. We then developed a novel protocol that produced a three-log ex vivo expansion of TILs isolated from AML patient BM (N = 10) and peripheral blood (PB) (N = 10), including from patients with a low number of CD3+ T cells, within 3, 4 weeks. Further, we identified previously described naïve T cells (CCR7+CD95-/or CD62L+CD45RA+) in AML BM and PB samples, which seemed to be required for a successful TILs ex vivo expansion. Finally, we showed that the expanded TILs could: (1) cause cytotoxicity to autologous AML blasts ex vivo (90.6% in control without T cell treatment vs. 1.89% in experimental groups with PB derived T cells and 1.77% in experimental groups with BM derived TILs, p

Understanding the factors which shape T-lymphocyte immunity is critical for the development and application of future immunotherapeutic strategies in treating hematological malignancies. The thymus, a specialized central lymphoid organ, plays important roles in generating a diverse T lymphocyte repertoire during the infantile and juvenile stages of humans. However, age-associated thymic involution and diseases or treatment associated injury result in a decline in its continuous role in the maintenance of T cell-mediated anti-tumor/virus immunity. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy that mainly affects older adults, and the disease’s progression is known to consist of an impaired immune surveillance including a reduction in naïve T cell output, a restriction in T cell receptor repertoire, and an increase in frequencies of regulatory T cells. As one of the most successful immunotherapies thus far developed for malignancy, T-cell-based adoptive cell therapies could be essential for the development of a durable effective treatment to eliminate residue leukemic cells (blasts) and prevent AML relapse. Thus, a detailed cellular and molecular landscape of how the adult thymus functions within the context of the AML microenvironment will provide new insights into both the immune-related pathogenesis and the regeneration of a functional immune system against leukemia in AML patients. Herein, we review the available evidence supporting the potential correlation between thymic dysfunction and T-lymphocyte impairment with the ontogeny of AML (II-VI). We then discuss how the thymus could impact current and future therapeutic approaches in AML (VII). Finally, we review various strategies to rejuvenate thymic function to improve the precision and efficacy of cancer immunotherapy (VIII).

In the robotic applications, wheel-legged robot provides many advantages such as lightweight, superior performance, low energy consumption and wide development prospects. Especially, in some emergent cases, it has the ability to move flexibly, pass obstacles and work in both outdoor and indoor environment. In this paper, a novel design of wheel-legged platform for robotic investigation is presented. Firstly, the principle diagram of underactuated robot (UR) is outlined owing to the model of inverted pendulum. Then, several theoretical computations are suggested to ensure the ability to work as its desired control. Later, an overview of mechanical design in 3D is described as well as the design of electrical circuit is demonstrated based on these requirements. To validate the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach, several numerical simulations are carried out.

Anomaly detection has gained increasing attention in recent years, but detecting anomalies in time series data remains challenging due to temporal dynamics, label scarcity, and data diversity in real-world applications. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel method for anomaly detection in time series data, called CL-TAD (Contrastive-Learning-based method for Times series Anomaly Detection), which employs a contrastive-learning-based representation learning technique. Inspired by the successes of reconstruction-based approaches and contrastive learning approaches, the proposed method seeks to leverage these approaches for time series anomaly detection. The CL-TAD method is comprised of two main components: positive sample generation and contrastive-learning-based representation learning. The former component generates positive samples by trying to reconstruct the original data from masked samples. These positive samples, in conjunction with the original data, serve as input for the contrastive-learning-based representation learning component. The representations of input original data and their masked data are used to detect anomalies later on. Experimental results have demonstrated that the CL-TAD method achieved the best performance on five datasets out of nine benchmark datasets over 10 other recent methods. By leveraging the reconstruction learning and contrastive learning techniques, our method offers a promising solution for effectively detecting anomalies in time series data by handling the issues raised by label scarcity and data diversity, delivering high performance.

Kỹ thuật CRISPR/Cas 9 đang được sử dụng nhiều trong công nghệ chỉnh sửa gene. Trong nghiên cứu này, phôi chuột knockout gene Lep được tạo ra bằng cách vi tiêm plasmid có cấu trúc CRISPR/Cas9 hướng đến exon 3 của gene. Các phần mềm tin sinh học thiết kế 2 gRNA được sử dụng và tạo dòng được plasmid px330-gRNA-R và px330-gRNA-L có khả năng định hướng giúp hệ CRISPR/Cas9 loại bỏ đoạn exon 3 có chiều dài 420bp, ở vị trí 29070816 – 29071236 trên gene Lep. Phôi chuột được tạo ra bằng phương pháp bơm tinh trùng vào bào tương trứng (ICSI). Sau 6 h ICSI (Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection), phôi chuột ở giai đoạn hợp tử hai tiền nhân, được knockout gene bằng cách vi tiêm plasmid px330-gRNA-R và px330-gRNA-L với nồng độ 5 ng/µl vào tiền nhân đực. Kết quả kiểm tra PCR các phôi có vi tiêm plasmid cho thấy 36/72 (50%) phôi đã được loại bỏ đoạn exon 3 gene Lep. Như vậy, nghiên cứu đã tạo thành công phôi knockout gene Lep ở dạng dị hợp.

Mục tiêu của bài báo này là trình bày những nỗ lực của Khoa Môi trường và Tài nguyên Thiên nhiên (CENRes), Trường Đại học Cần Thơ về các nghiên cứu sử dụng năng lượng tái tạo khí sinh học từ các nguồn chất thải ở Đồng bằng Sông Cửu Long trong hơn một thập kỷ qua. CENRes đã chuyển giao 515 tủi ủ PE, phát hành tín chỉ carbon (446 tCO2/năm) vào tháng 5/2016. Bên cạnh đó, 32 mô hình biogas HDPE để xử lý chất thải chăn nuôi, thực vật hoặc đồng phân hủy nâng cao hiệu suất sinh khí biogas đã được bàn giao. Ngoài ra, xử lý khí biogas thừa bằng cách chia sẻ cho cộng đồng giảm thải 12,9 tấn CO2eq/năm. Sự phối trộn thực vật với bùn thải nuôi tôm siêu thâm canh tăng hiệu suất sinh khí từ 26 đến 53%. Nhóm nghiên cứu cũng đã phát triển bếp biogas hồng ngoại cải tiến sử dụng được áp suất thấp (0,45 cmH2O), tiết kiệm biogas, giảm thời gian nấu và sản phẩm khí cháy không mùi hôi.

Sử dụng phương pháp tổng quan tài liệu, bài viết này tổng hợp và phân tích các thông tin về phát thải khí nhà kính (KNK), lợi ích khi áp dụng kỹ thuật ngập khô xen kẻ (AWD) và tiềm năng nhân rộng AWD trong canh tác lúa ở Đồng bằng sông Cửu Long (ĐBSCL).Hệ số phát thải khí mêtan (CH4) ở ĐBSCL là 1,92kg/ha/ngày, cao hơn hệ số phát thải ở Đông Nam Á và toàn cầu. AWD làm giảm lượng khí thải CH4 hàng năm (-51%) so với canh tác truyền thống (CF). AWD theo nông dân (AWDF) làm giảm CH4 đáng kể (35%) so với các ruộng CF. AWD và AWDF đều có năng suất cao hơn so với CF. Rào cản lớn cho áp dụng AWD là hệ thống tưới tiêu và phương pháp quan trắc mực nước, dẫn đến chưa thể ban hành các chính sách, thể chế về AWD cho toàn vùng ĐBSCL. Sử dụng IoT là phương pháp tiện ích trong quản lý nước cho người dân...

The prognosis of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma has changed dramatically with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Notably the use of nivolumab and ipilimumab combination therapy has demonstrated promising durable therapeutic response for patients with treatment-naïve sarcomatoid renal-cell carcinoma. We present a case of 45-year-old man with a history of metastatic sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab who developed type 1 diabetes mellitus, adrenal insufficiency, thyroiditis/hypothyroidism, and acute interstitial nephritis as a result of immunotherapy.

This quantitative study with a sample size of 938 surveys collected from the medical staff of 5 public hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City aims to identify which leadership behaviors significantly influence medical staff’s job satisfaction and performance in public hospitals. The least-squares method of PLS-SEM was used with Smart PLS 3.0 software, non-parametric Bootstrapping with 2,000 repetitions for evaluation and validation of scales and test of hypotheses. The results showedthat there are 2 factors of transactional leadership; contingent reward and management by exception (active) and 1 factor of transformational leadership; idealized influences (attributes) significantly affect medical staff’s satisfaction and performance in public hospitals. The study also identified a positive impact of job satisfaction on performance.

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization. As of May 18, 2020, there have been more than 4.7 million cases and over 316,000 deaths worldwide. COVID-19 is caused by a highly infectious novel coronavirus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), leading to an acute infectious disease with mild-to-severe clinical symptoms such as flu-like symptoms, fever, headache, dry cough, muscle pain, loss of smell and taste, increased shortness of breath, bilateral viral pneumonia, conjunctivitis, acute respiratory distress syndromes, respiratory failure, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), sepsis, etc. While physicians and scientists have yet to discover a treatment, it is imperative that we urgently address 2 questions: how to prevent infection in immunologically naive individuals and how to treat severe symptoms such as CRS, acute respiratory failure, and the loss of somatosensation. Previous studies from the 1918 influenza pandemic have suggested vitamin D’s non-classical role in reducing lethal pneumonia and case fatality rates. Recent clinical trials also reported that vitamin D supplementation can reduce incidence of acute respiratory infection and the severity of respiratory tract diseases in adults and children. According to our literature search, there are no similar findings of clinical trials that have been published as of July 1st, 2020, in relation to the supplementation of vitamin D in the potential prevention and treatment for COVID-19. In this review, we summarize the potential role of vitamin D extra-renal metabolism in the prevention and treatment of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, helping to bring us slightly closer to fulfilling that goal. We will focus on 3 major topics here: 1. Vitamin D might aid in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection: Vitamin D: Overview of Renal and Extra-renal metabolism and regulation. Vitamin D: Overview of molecular mechanism and multifaceted functions beyond skeletal homeostasis. Vitamin D: Overview of local immunomodulation in human infectious diseases. Anti-viral infection. Anti-malaria and anti-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). 2. Vitamin D might act as a strong immunosuppressant inhibiting cytokine release syndrome in COVID-19: Vitamin D: Suppression of key pro-inflammatory pathways including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). 3. Vitamin D might prevent loss of neural sensation in COVID-19 by stimulating expression of neurotrophins like Nerve Growth Factor (NGF): Vitamin D: Induction of key neurotrophic factors. .

Abstract Objective To explore the efficacy of primary chemoradiation with cisplatin versus cetuximab with respect to HPV/p16 and smoking statuses. Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients from our center with locally advanced non-nasopharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who received primary chemoradiation with cisplatin or cetuximab between 2006 and 2018. Results The median OS for cisplatin (n = 66) was not reached versus 132 months when treated with cetuximab (n = 55) (p = 0.03). For HPV/p16-positive patients, we found the median OS for cisplatin (n = 34) was not reached versus 60 months with cetuximab (n = 21) (p = 0.036). In the smoking group, the median OS was not reached in the cisplatin group (n = 44) versus 60 months when treated with cetuximab (n = 32) (p = 0.03). Conclusion HPV/p16-positive and smoking cohorts treated with cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy had a significantly better OS versus cetuximab.

Abstract Here, we report a unique acute myeloid leukemia (AML) bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) with both mesenchymal and endothelial potential, which we have named Mesenchymal Cancer Stem Cells (MCSCs). These MCSCs are CD90-CD13-CD44+ and differ from MSCs in isolation, expansion, differentiation, immunophenotype, and cytokine release profile. Furthermore, blocking CD44 inhibited the proliferation and cluster formation of early MCSCs with lower ICAM-1 protein levels. Similar CD90-CD44+ cancer stem cells have been reported in both gastric and breast cancers, which grew in floating spheres in vitro and exhibited mesenchymal features and high metastatic/tumorigenic capabilities in vivo. Our novel discovery provides the first evidence that certain AMLs may be comprised of both hematopoietic and stromal malignant cells. Targeting MCSCs and their cytokine release has potential as a novel therapeutic approach in AML.

Hydro-mechanical power-split transmissions (HPSTs) are a kind of continuously variable transmission; HPSTs integrated with the hydraulic energy recovery and accumulation function are the most coherent selection to im-prove the energy efficiency of the garbage truck. With an accumulator located in the speed-increasing hydraulic converter of the HPSTs, it is possible to recover and accumulate energy during braking and reuse energy when starting, accelerating or using other technologies in the process of garbage collection and transportation. Some results of simulation research and analysis of the energy recovery and accumulation process introduced in this paper can be used as a scientific basis for the complete design of energy saving powertrain systems, quality, and environmental friendliness for garbage trucks. In this study, the results of the simulation and analysis of the energy recovery and accumulation process were reported. Our findings can be used as a scientific basis for the complete design of energy saving powertrain systems, quality, and environmental friendliness for garbage trucks.