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We used 10 × genomics single‐cell transcriptome sequencing technology to reveal the tumor immune microenvironment characteristics of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in a patient with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). A total of 8008 high‐quality cells were finally obtained for subsequent bioinformatic analysis, which were divided into 10 cell clusters further identified as B cells, T cells, myeloid cells, NK cells, and cancer cells. Such SCLC related genes as NOTCH1, MYC, TSC22D1, SOX4, BLNK, YBX3, VIM, CD8A, CD8B, and KLF6 were expressed in different degrees during differentiation of T and B cells. Different ligands and receptors between T, B and tumor cells almost interact through MHC II, IL‐16, galectin, and APP signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the application of the matched field processing (MFP) algorithm for underwater acoustic source localization, the measurements at each time step are conventionally processed independently. This study incorporates the prior information about the continuous spatial changes of the source over time under realistic conditions, a factor anticipated to improve localization performance. In this paper, a sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) algorithm based on the spatio-temporal structure-aware is described. We exploit a structure prior for sparse coefficients to capture the continuous spatial structure between adjacent time steps. Moreover, the sparse coefficient can automatically select the update method, utilizing the statistical information from adjacent neighbors or updating independently. The hidden variables in the hierarchical Bayesian framework are inferred via variational Bayesian inference (VBI). Additionally, we extend the proposed method to the multi-frequency case. This method inherits the advantages of the SBL and further reduces position estimation errors. Compared to other approaches, the construction of an accurate motion model is not required. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation examples and an analysis of the SWellEx-96 experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) is widely used in patients with pleural effusion (PE). This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively summarize the clinical complication from IPC. We searched four large electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library) for potentially relevant studies and assessed the included studies' quality using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies' criteria. Extracted data were used to pool rates, and to conduct subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Forty-one studies involving a cumulative 4983 patients with 5650 IPCs were included in this meta-analysis. The overall incidence of IPC complications was 20.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.0-26.3). The top four complications were: overall infection incidence 5.7% (95% CI: 0.7-2.4); overall catheter abnormality incidence 4.4% (95% CI: 2.8-6.3); pain incidence 1.2% (95% CI: 0.4-2.4); and overall loculation incidence 0.9% (95% CI: 0.1-2.1). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses for overall complications and infections by country, PE site, and PE type demonstrated these factors did not contribute significantly to heterogeneity. Further subgroup analyses for infection of benign PE showed that the overall infection incidence (12.6% [95% CI: 8.1-17.8] vs 0.7% [95% CI: 0.0-4.5]) and empyema incidence (9.1% [95% CI: 5.3-13.8] vs 0.0% [95% CI: 0.0-2.3]) of patients with liver-related PE were significantly higher than that of patients with heart-related PE. Our meta-analysis showed reliable pooled incidences of IPC-related complications, with infection being the most common. These results serve to remind clinicians about the incidence of IPC-related complications and emphasize the importance of taking corresponding preventive and therapeutic steps., (© 2022 The Authors. Clinical and Translational Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.)

Epigenetic changes are present in many physiological and pathological processes. The N 6 -methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most common modification in eukaryotic mRNA. However, the role of m6A modification in diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains elusive. Here, we found that m6A modification was significantly upregulated in the kidney of type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice, which was caused by elevated levels of METTL3. Moreover, METTL3 is increased in podocyte of renal biopsy from patients with DN, which is related to renal damage. METTL3 knockout significantly reduced the inflammation and apoptosis in high glucose (HG)-stimulated podocytes, while its overexpression significantly aggravated these responses in vitro. Podocyte-conditional knockout METTL3 significantly alleviated podocyte injury and albuminuria in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Therapeutically, silencing METTL3 with adeno-associated virus serotype-9 (AAV9)-shMETTL3 in vivo mitigated albuminuria and histopathological injury in STZ-induced diabetic mice and db/db mice. Mechanistically, METTL3 modulated Notch signaling via the m6A modification of TIMP2 in an insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2)-dependent manner and exerted pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects. In summary, this study suggested that METTL3-mediated m6A modification is an important mechanism of podocyte injury in DN. Targeting m6A through the writer enzyme METTL3 is a potential approach for the treatment of DN., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)