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Abstract Limited understanding of the immunopathogenesis of human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) has prevented its acceptance as a pulmonary pathogen after hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). In this prospective multicenter study of patients undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for pneumonia after allogeneic HCT, we test blood and BAL fluid (BALF) for HHV-6B DNA and mRNA transcripts associated with lytic infection and perform RNA-seq on paired blood. Among 116 participants, HHV-6B DNA is detected in 37% of BALs, 49% of which also have HHV-6B mRNA detection. We establish HHV-6B DNA viral load thresholds in BALF that are highly predictive of HHV-6B mRNA detection and associated with increased risk for overall mortality and death from respiratory failure. Participants with HHV-6B DNA in BALF exhibit distinct host gene expression signatures, notable for enriched interferon signaling pathways in participants clinically diagnosed with idiopathic pneumonia. These data implicate HHV-6B as a pulmonary pathogen after allogeneic HCT.

Objective:Unsafe medication practices and medication errors are a major cause of harm in healthcare systems around the world. This study aimed to explore the factors that influence the risk of medication and provide medication risk evaluation model for adults in Shanxi province, China.Methods:The data was obtained from the provincial questionnaire from May to December 2022, relying on the random distribution of questionnaires and online questionnaires by four hospitals in Shanxi Province. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting the KAP score of residents. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the independent risk factors, and the nomogram was verified by receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration and decision curve analysis.Results:A total of 3,388 questionnaires were collected, including 3,272 valid questionnaires. The average scores of drugs KAP were 63.2 ± 23.04, 33.05 ± 9.60, 23.67 ± 6.75 and 33.16 ± 10.87, respectively. On the evaluation criteria of the questionnaire, knowledge was scored “fair”, attitude and practice were scored “good”. Sex, monthly income, place of residence, insurance status, education level, and employment were regarded as independent risk factors for medication and a nomogram was established by them.Conclusion:Males, low-income, and low-educated people are important factors affecting the risk of medication. The application of the model can help residents understand the risk of their own medication behavior and reduce the harm of medication.

Antibiotic-loaded bone cements are widely used in orthopedic surgery. However, they present issues such as a short antibiotic release time and antibiotic resistance. These challenges necessitate the development of novel antibacterial bone cements. Non-leaching bone cement containing antibacterial motifs represents a promising advancement in this direction. Antibacterial motifs are incorporated into the cement either covalently or non-covalently, and while they will not be released, they will still exhibit surface antibacterial activity. This review comprehensively examines the structure and antimicrobial activity of prevalent non-leaching antimicrobial bone cements. Additionally, it delves into the characteristics of current methods employed for detecting surface antimicrobial activity. Finally, the future research direction of non-leaching antibacterial bone cement is discussed, with a specific focus on innovative antibacterial motifs, the mechanisms underlying non-leaching antibacterial properties, and the potential synergies achievable by combining non-leaching antibacterial bone cement with traditional antibiotics.

Abstract The performance and efficiency of a baler deteriorate as a result of gearbox failure. One way to overcome this challenge is to select appropriate fault feature parameters for fault diagnosis and monitoring gearboxes. This paper proposes a fault feature selection method using an improved adaptive genetic algorithm for a baler gearbox. This method directly obtains the minimum fault feature parameter set that is most sensitive to fault features through attribute reduction. The main benefit of the improved adaptive genetic algorithm is its excellent performance in terms of the efficiency of attribute reduction without requiring prior information. Therefore, this method should be capable of timely diagnosis and monitoring. Experimental validation was performed and promising findings highlighting the relationship between diagnosis results and faults were obtained. The results indicate that when using the improved genetic algorithm to reduce 12 fault characteristic parameters to three without a priori information, 100% fault diagnosis accuracy can be achieved based on these fault characteristics and the time required for fault feature parameter selection using the improved genetic algorithm is reduced by half compared to traditional methods. The proposed method provides important insights into the instant fault diagnosis and fault monitoring of mechanical devices.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) often leads to functional disabilities and deformities. MiRNA plays a vital role in cell pyroptosis. Nevertheless, the function and underlying mechanism of miR-144-3p in pyroptosis during the progression of RA remains unclear. In this study, N1511 cells were stimulated with IL-1β to construct a RA model. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to assess the cell viability. Cell pyroptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-18) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship among specific protein 1 (SP1), microRNA-144-3p (miR-144-3p), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was explored by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), respectively. The level of miR-144-3p in N1511 cells was upregulated by IL-1β. MiR-144-3p knockdown inhibited IL-1β-induced pyroptosis in N1511 cells, and the expressions of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), Cleaved caspase-1, Gasdermin D (GSDMD), and Cleaved caspase-3 in IL-1β-stimulated N1511 cells were increased. The levels of inflammatory cytokines in N1511 cells were increased by IL-1β, which were restored by miR-144-3p knockdown. MiR-144-3p knockdown abolished IL-1β-induced inactivation of putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin-protein (Parkin) signalling. Moreover, transcription factor SP1 could upregulate miR-144-3p expression and miR-144-3p negatively regulated PTEN expression. In summary, MiR-144-3p induced by SP1 could promote IL-1β-induced chondrocyte pyroptosis via inhibiting PTEN expression and suppressing the activation of PINK1/Parkin signalling, which provided a new strategy against RA.

Abstract Objective We sought to evaluate the postoperative control of pain and recovery in patients with ovarian cancer who underwent cytoreductive surgery by adding dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine in bilateral dual-transversus abdominis plane (Bd-TAP) blocks. Methods We enrolled 90 patients with an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III undergoing open abdominal cytoreductive surgery in this study. Patients were randomized and assigned into three groups (TAP-R, TAP-DR, or CON) of 30 participants each. All of the patients received standardized general anesthesia, and postoperative Bd-TAP blocks were performed. The TAP-R, TAP-DR, and CON groups received Bd-TAP blocks with 0.3% ropivacaine, 0.3% ropivacaine and 0.5 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine, and 0.9% normal saline, respectively. All of the patients received patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) (formula, 100 μg of sufentanil and 16 mg of ondansetron diluted with normal saline to 100 mL). Flurbiprofen axetil was used as a rescue drug if the visual analog scale (VAS) score was more than four points. The first request time for PCA bolus; the VAS scores at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after operation; and the cumulative sufentanil consumption within 24 and 48 h, respectively, were compared. Pulmonary function was evaluated preoperatively and at 24 h after the operation. The use of the rescue drug was recorded. Postoperative functional recovery, including time to stand, time to walk, time to return of bowel function, time to readiness for discharge, and postoperative complications, were recorded. Results Median values of the first request time for PCA of the TAP-R group was significantly prolonged compared to that of the CON group (median [interquartile range], 7.3 [6.5–8.0] hours vs. 3.0 [2.3–3.5] hours) (P .05). Less rescue analgesic was required by patients in the TAP-DR group than in the CON group (P 0.05). Conclusion TAP blocks can provide effective pain relief up to 12 h postoperatively without a significant improvement in postoperative pulmonary function. The addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine for Bd-TAP block prolonged the first bolus time of PCA when compared to that in the TAP-R group and decreased sufentanil consumption and the need of rescue analgesia relative to in the CON group at 48 h postoperative. The procedure provided better postoperative analgesia and improved postoperative pulmonary function relative to the CON group. Our results indicate that dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant of Bd-TAP can provide effective pain relief up to 48 h.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has engendered extensive challenges for conventional hospital operations. To adapt to this problematic issue, a mixed-use hospital functioning system for normal and epidemic situations is proposed. However, the inherent complexity of a hospital embedded with a function of epidemic prevention and control renders a restrained construction process that may compromise quality. In this stance, we developed a BIM (building information modelling)-based simulation approach addressing life-cycle quality control in post-pandemic hospitals. An illustrative case study approach, which draws on the grey literature, was used to address the research question. BIM forward design was employed to integrate with such elements as functional streamline, emergency site, and ward conversion in the process of transformation from normal to epidemic-related operations. Computational fluid dynamics-based fluid simulation was conducted to obtain the most suitable air supply and exhaust solutions for negative pressure wards. BIM forward design method contributed to improving design efficiency and quality. The results of ventilation simulation and environmental analysis showed that the design scheme met all the functional requirements and technical specifications. Meanwhile, the best pipeline synthesis scheme was obtained, which reduced the rework and saved on construction time. The proposed method is beneficial to improve the efficiency of design information sharing and business collaboration. Implications generated from this study can be used as a significant reference for the future construction of various healthcare facilities.

The V-shaped toothed roller cotton stalk puller has a low removal ratio and weak pulling effect. Hence, we constructed a simplified mathematical model of the V-shaped tooth roller stalk puller based on elastic collision theory and simple beam theory and conducted a mechanical analysis based on this model to explore the causes of pulling errors and fractures. Specifically, the V-shaped tooth plates of the machine were optimized in an orthogonal experiment with the rotational speed, cogging angle, and ground clearance as the influencing factors, and the removal ratio as the evaluation index. This experiment was designed to enable analysis of the physical characteristics of cotton stalks, and the forces applied during the pulling process. Additionally, a V-shaped toothed roller-type stalk-pulling test bench was constructed. The results revealed that, unlike the cogging angle, the ground clearance significantly affected the removal ratio. Furthermore, the highest removal ratio (i.e., 97%) was achieved when the ground clearance was −20 mm, the rotational speed was 300 rpm, and the cogging angle was 32.5°. An L9 (34) orthogonal field experiment was also conducted with the rotational speed, cogging angle, and ground clearance as the influencing factors to investigate their respective influences on the stalk removal ratio. The results revealed that the ground clearance most significantly influenced the ratio, followed by the rotational speed, and cogging angle. The ground clearance and rotational speed of the V-shaped toothed roller were each found to significantly influence the ratio. Furthermore, a ground clearance of −20 mm, rotational speed of 300 r/min, and cogging angle of 25° yielded an average removal ratio of 98.27%. Through this research, the mechanism of toothed roller stalk pulling is further deepened and the toothed series stalk pulling technology provides theoretical support.

The article discusses the adaptation of cultural heritage in built environments. Cultural heritage refers to the historical, scientific, and artistic value of artifacts and traditional culture. The built environment refers to the physical spaces where people live and engage in activities. Cultural heritage in the built environment includes architecture, infrastructure, and open spaces. The article explores the concept of adaptation in different disciplines and discusses the challenges faced by cultural heritage in the face of rapid urban development. It also examines the functional, spatial, temporal, and demographic aspects of cultural heritage adaptation. The article concludes by suggesting areas for future research to enhance the conservation and sustainable development of cultural heritage. [Extracted from the article]

Aiming at the difficulty of rolling bearing fault diagnosis in a strong noise environment, this paper proposes an enhanced integrated filter network. In the method, we firstly design an enhanced integrated filter, which includes the filter enhancement module and the expression enhancement module. The filter enhancement module can not only filter the high-frequency noise to extract useful features of medium and low-frequency signals but also maintain frequency and time resolution to some extent. On this basis, the expression enhancement module analyzes fault features intercepted by the upper network at multiple scales to get deep features. Then we introduce vector neurons to integrate scalar features into vector space, which mine the correlation between features. The feature vectors are transmitted by dynamic routing to establish the relationship between low-level capsules and high-level capsules. In order to verify the diagnostic performance of the model, CWRU and IMS bearing datasets are used for experimental verification. In the strong noise environment of SNR = −4 dB, the fault diagnosis precisions of the method on CWRU and IMS reach 94.85% and 92.45%, respectively. Compared with typical bearing fault diagnosis methods, the method has higher fault diagnosis precision and better generalization ability in a strong noise environment.

This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-022-01731-4.