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Recommendations for elective colectomies after recovery from uncomplicated acute diverticulitis should be individualized. The kinds of associated risk factors that should be considered for this approach remain undetermined. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative outcomes in patients with diverticular disease after receiving an elective colectomy. This is a retrospective study using the multi-institutional, nationally validated database of the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP). The patients who were diagnosed with diverticular disease and received an elective colectomy were included in our risk factor analyses. Postoperative mortality, morbidity, and overall complications were measured. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to demonstrate the risk factors. We analyzed 30,468 patients with diverticular disease, 67% of whom received an elective colectomy. The rate of 30-day mortality was 0.2%, and superficial surgical site infection was the most common postoperative morbidity (7.2%) in the elective colectomies. The independent risk factors associated with overall complications were age ≥ 75, BMI ≥ 30, smoking status, dyspnea, hypertension, current kidney dialysis, chronic steroid use, ASA III, and open colectomy. In laparoscopic colectomy, 67.5% of the elective colectomies, the associated risk factors associated with overall complications still included age ≥ 75, smoking, hypertension, chronic steroid use, and ASA III. Identification of patient-specific risk factors may inform the decision-making process for elective colectomy and reduce the postoperative complications after mitigation of those risk factors.

Abstract Background Chlamydia abortus, as a pathogen of atypical pneumonia, is rare in humans, especially in HIV infection patients. Case presentation We present the case of a 48-year-old man with a history of HIV infection who started high fever and developed pneumonia. The pathogen-targeted next-generation sequencing (ptNGS) results of bronchial lavage fluid showed Chlamydia abortus infection. Conclusion This is the first report of Chlamydia abortus infection presented as atypical pneumonia in an AIDS patient.

Objectives: This case-control study aimed to analyze the characteristics and risk factors for death in HIV-positive Talaromycosis marneffei (TSM) patients with sepsis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 173 AIDS patients diagnosed with TSM infection from January 1, 2013, to December 1, 2023, at Hangzhou Xixi Hospital. We collected and analyzed clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, bone marrow cytology results, treatment, and prognosis. Results: Out of 173 AIDS-TSM patients, 92 had sepsis while 81 did not. AIDS-TSM patients with sepsis have a higher in-hospital mortality rate (19.6 %) than non-sepsis patients (0 %). The SOFA score showed a significant association with in-hospital mortality in AIDS-TSM patients with sepsis (OR = 1.583, 95 % CI: 1.183–2.118, P = 0.002), indicating an almost linear relationship. After adjusting for the SOFA score, only hemoglobin (Hb) (OR = 0.971, 95 % CI: 0.943–1.000, P = 0.046), international normalized ratio (INR) (OR = 22.33, 95 % CI: 1.84–270.90, P = 0.015), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR = 1.014, 95 % CI: 1.001–1.027, P = 0.039) remained significantly associated with in-hospital mortality. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of the SOFA score, INR, and CRP showed moderately good predictive performance for in-hospital mortality, while Hb had a low predictive performance. The Area Under Curve (AUC) values were 0.834, 0.820, 0.776, and 0.669, respectively. Conclusions: AIDS-TSM patients with sepsis have a higher mortality rate. Moreover, the SOFA score, along with Hb, INR, and CRP, are the risk factors for death in AIDS-TSM patients with sepsis.

Background: Physical activity (PA) is considered an important factor affecting academic achievement (AA). Different intensities of PA affect mental engagement (ME), which, in turn, affects AA. However, the role of ME in the relationship between PA and AA remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to examine the mediating and/or moderating role of ME (i.e. cognitive flexibility [COGFLEX], metacognition [META] and competitiveness achievement motivation [COMPETE]) in the relationship between PA (both moderate- and vigorous-intensity activities) and AA. Method: Structural equation modelling was used to build a mediated moderation model. A total of 68,144 students from eight economies who participated in the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment were included in the study. Results: Moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) was significantly positively correlated and vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) was significantly negatively correlated with AA in adolescents. COGFLEX, META and COMPETE were found to play a significant mediating role in the relationship between both types of PA (MPA and VPA) and AA. COGFLEX and COMPETE were found to moderate the relationship between VPA and AA. Conclusion: ME plays a mediated moderation role in the relationship between the intensity of PA and AA. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Abstract Background Nontuberculous mycobacteria disease is a common invasive infectious disease in patients with HIV. However, Mycobacterium thermoresistibile association with lymphadenectasis is unusual in AIDS patients. Case Presentation This report covers the case of a 25-year-old male AIDS patient infected with Mycobacterium thermoresistibile. The case was identified via pathogen-targeted next-generation sequencing (ptNGS). Conclusion This is the first report of disseminated M. thermoresistibile infection presented with lymphadenectasis in an AIDS patient. Prompt diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment are crucial.

Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4) loaded by metal atom has been applied as an effective single atom catalyst. In the work, the complexation behaviors of g-C3N4(CN) with metal ions have been examined by relativistic density functional theory. The formed ［M(CN)］z+(M=Sc, Y, La, Ac and U; z=2 and 3) have been explored for their structures, metal-ligand interactions and redox properties. It is found that the metal ion has been rendered by six M-N dative bonds, each of which has the bonding strength ranging from -0.79 to -0.47 eV. Regarding Sc complexes, one-electron reduction mainly occurs around the metal center, while La and U complexes have metal-modified ligand reduction mechanism; both metal and ligand in Y complex are approximately equally reduced; in contrast, the ligand of Ac complex gets the reducing electron, and the metal is redox-innocent. This agrees with the fact that there are no experimental reports on Ac(Ⅱ) complexes. Electronic-structure analyses indicate that ［U(CN)］3+ bears three high-lying single U(5f) occupied orbitals, suggesting the trivalent uranium center. However, despite having four single U(5f) occupied orbitals, ［U(CN)］2+ still possesses considerable ligand contribution, leading to the uranium oxidation state mediating between Ⅱ and Ⅲ.

This research uses case study research and employs a news translation module to analyse its synergic teaching method which includes a university teacher, an industry insider and translation learners. They, as the key stakeholders of the teaching and learning process, have their specific roles and continuously interact with each other. Through these interactions, actual trans-editing workflow is embedded into the university classroom. In order to examine the teaching effectiveness of such an innovative model, translation learners' responses and commentaries are carefully taken into consideration. A wider implication of this research is that translator trainers may have their own reflections on innovating teaching strategies via the integration of academia and the professional world.

Mitochondria play a key role in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Although the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (PD) is a selective and reversible flavonoid that can protect the mitochondria in a rat model of cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation, its role requires further confirmation. In this study, we investigated whether PD could maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). PD improved the mitochondrial morphology and function, reversed the increase in ROS production and cell apoptosis, and reduced total-superoxide dismutase and Mn-superoxide dismutase activities induced by OGD/R. PD decreases ROS production and improves mitochondrial morphology and function, protecting SH-SY5Y cells against OGD/R-induced injury.

Abstract Introduction Talaromycosis is a common invasive fungal disease in patients with HIV. However, its association with bone destruction is unusual in AIDS patients with talaromycosis. Case Presentation This report covers the case of a 38-year-old male AIDS patient coinfected with Talaromyces marneffei and Salmonella. The case, which involved bone destruction, was identified via metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Following treatment with a combination of amphotericin B and piperacillin-tazobactam, the patient’s elbow motion noticeably improved. Imaging findings revealed that the progression of bony destruction had halted. Conclusion Bone damage due to Talaromyces marneffei infection is infrequent in HIV-positive patients. Therefore, healthcare professionals must be vigilant for potential bone lesions associated with this type of infection. Prompt diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment are crucial.

Evaluation is of paramount significance in the teaching and learning process. So is true with translation teaching and learning. This study uses in-depth interview to qualitatively examine in which ways the student translators and the professional trans-editor, two important stakeholders in the learning process, evaluate the work of translation. It then subsequently compares student translators' and the professional trans-editor's evaluation criteria in order to analyse the differences. This study also compares students' pitfalls encountered during the translation process, providing students with invaluable resources to reflect on their own translation and then to improve their translation quality. An implication of this study is that the interaction among students, professional trans-editor, and university lecturers may ultimately be beneficial to translator training.

Abstract Microbiome-mediated insecticide resistance is an emerging phenomenon found in insect pests. However, microbiome composition can vary by host genotype and environmental factors, but how these variations may be associated with insecticide resistance phenotype remains unclear. In this study, we compared different field and laboratory strains of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens in their microbiome composition, transcriptome, and insecticide resistance profiles to identify possible patterns of correlation. Our analysis reveals that the abundances of core bacterial symbionts are significantly correlated with the expression of several host detoxifying genes (especially NlCYP6ER1, a key gene previously shown involved in insecticides resistance). The expression levels of these detoxifying genes correlated with N. lugens insecticide susceptibility. Furthermore, we have identified several environmental abiotic factors, including temperature, precipitation, latitude, and longitude, as potential predictors of symbiont abundances associated with expression of key detoxifying genes, and correlated with insecticide susceptibility levels of N. lugens. These findings provide new insights into how microbiome-environment-host interactions may influence insecticide susceptibility, which will be helpful in guiding targeted microbial-based strategies for insecticide resistance management in the field.