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Objective: To evaluate the effect and safety of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events., Methods: We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMbase, the Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2008), CBM, CNKI. Quality assessment and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers independently. All data were analyzed using Review Manager 4.2., Results: Six studies (TPT, HOT, PPP, WHS, POPADAD, J-PAD) involving a total of 72,466 participants met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis results showed that: (1) Compared with placebo, the incidences of total cardiovascular events (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.80-0.92), stroke (RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77-0.98), nonfatal stroke (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.70-0.95) and transient ischemic attack (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.64-0.90) were significantly lower in low-dose aspirin group than those in placebo control group (all P < 0.05). (2) Nonfatal myocardial infarction (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.77-1.02), death from cardiovascular causes (RR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86-1.13) and death from any cause (RR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.88-1.02) were similar between the 2 groups (all P > 0.05). (3) The risk of coronary heart disease was reduced in low-dose aspirin group in the elderly (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.70-0.94, P < 0.05). (4) The risk of bleeding was higher in low aspirin group compared to placebo group (RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.12-1.18, P < 0.01)., Conclusions: Low-dose aspirin use could reduce the incidences of total cardiovascular events, stroke, nonfatal stroke and transient ischemic attack but increase the risk of bleeding, the incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction, death from cardiovascular causes and death from any cause was not affected by low-dose aspirin use. Low-dose aspirin use was also significantly reduced the risk of coronary heart disease in the elderly.

Objective: To investigate the effects of aging and the decreased glomerular filtration rate on the prevalence of anemia in elder receiving body check from urban area of Hefei, China., Methods: A total of 4547 > 60 years subjects received healthy examination in Healthy Center of Anhui Provincial Hospital from January 2005 to December 2007 were enrolled in this study. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 120 g/L in men or < 110 g/L in women., Results: The prevalence of anemia in the subjects was 4.40% (95%CI: 3.83% - 5.05%) and significantly increased with the aging process and the decline of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). With logistic analyses, increasing age, female, decreased eGFR were major risk factors for anemia., Conclusions: The morbidity of anemia is 4.40% in old population receiving body check from urban area of Hefei, China. Aging and the decline of eGFR are the independent risk factors of anemia.

Objective: To study the chiral selectivity in vascular endothelial differentiation in drug resistant lung cancer cells induced by high-dose L- or D-methotrexate (MTX) enantiomer., Methods: Human lung cancer cells of the line A549 were co-cultured with high-dose (15 micromol/L) L- or D-MTX enantiomer so as to develop cancer cells resistant to MTX. MTT method was used to detect the drug resistant index. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein reflecting the migration ability of cells, CD31, a marker of vascular endothelium, and P-170 protein. Fifteen BALB/c nude mice were inoculated with the parent A549 cells, L-MTX-resistant A549 cells induced by L-MTX enantiomer, and D-MTX-resistant A549 cells induced by D-MTX enantiomer. Four weeks later the mice were killed to take out the tumor masses. Immunohistochemistry with CD34 staining was used to detect the microvascular density (MVD)., Results: The drug resistant index of the D-MTX induced drug resistant A549 cells was 20.1 +/- 2.3, significantly higher than that of the L-MTX-induced cells (12.4 +/- 1.2, P = 0.000). The CD44 positive rate of the D-MTX induced A549 cells was 97.0% +/- 0.9%, not significantly different from that of the L-MTX-induced A549 cells (96.7% +/- 1.4%, P = 0.544). The CD31 positive rate of the D-MTX induced A549 cells was 91.9% +/- 3.2%, significantly higher than that of the L-MTX-induced A549 cells (32.9% +/- 8.0%, P = 0.000). The P-170 protein positive rate of the parent cells was 85.5% +/- 4.6%, and the P-170 protein positive rate of the D-MTX-induced A549 cells was 87.0% +/- 8.9%, significantly higher than that of the L-MTX-induced cells (71.5% +/- 8.2%, P = 0.002). The MVD of the D-MTX-induced cells was 55.9 +/- 11.9, significantly higher than that of the L-MTX-induced cells (7.2 +/- 1.7, P = 0.000). MVD was significantly positively correlated with the CD31 level (r = 0.462, P = 0.007), and not correlated with P-170 protein and CD34 levels., Conclusion: The MTX enantiomers have different chiral selectivity on human lung cancer cell, D-MTX resistant cells shows a potential of differentiation from cancer cells to vascular endothelial cells. D-MTX is not be regarded just as a pollutant in the drug MTX, MTX with single enantiomer (L-MTX) should be selected clinically so as to decrease the side effects of D-MTX.

Objective: To investigate the effect of amino acid parenteral nutritional (PN) support on serum tryptophan and melatonin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving chemotherapy., Methods: Seventy-two patients with inoperable NSCLC were divided into three groups randomly: control group, 250 ml/d amino acids PN therapy group and 500 ml/d amino acids PN therapy group. The same NP (cisplatin + vinorelbine) chemotherapy was carried out in all the three groups. During three sessions of chemotherapy,amino acids PN therapy was given to the amino acids PN therapy groups. Serum tryptophan and melatonin concentration changes were assessed before and after chemotherapy., Results: After chemotherapy the concentration of MT and Try were much lower than that before chemotherapy in the three group patients (P < 0.05). But the concentration of MT and Try in the PN group patients was higher than that in control group patients. The concentration of MT and Try in the 500 ml/d amino acid parenteral nutritional support group patients were significantly higher than that in the 250 ml/d group patients, the difference was significant (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Amino acid parenteral nutritional support is beneficial to improve the lower concentration of serum MT and Try in NSCLC patients receiving chemotherapy, and a more significant effect can be achieved by the 500 ml/d amino acid parenteral nutritional support treatment.