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In this study, three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the detection system of clinical renal function marker β2-microglobulin latex enhanced immune turbidity, so as to prepare a detection system with a wider linear range, solve the false negative problem in clinical detection of high-concentration samples, and improve the detection accuracy. Based on latex enhanced immunoturbidimetry, automatic biochemical analyzer was used to establish the linear relationship between the β2-microglobulin standard with different concentrations and the absorbance change value of 546 nm, and optimize the antibody source, latex microsphere particle size, activator concentration, sealer concentration and buffer system in the β2-microglobulin detection system. The linear range and accuracy of the optimized detection system were evaluated. After optimization, the optimal detection system was obtained, and its detection linear range was 0.2-30 mg/L, which reached the upper limit of the reference range of β2-microglobulin in normal population by 10 times, and the accuracy was in line with clinical standards, which solved the false negative problem of high-concentration samples in clinical testing, eliminated the repeated dilution process of high-concentration samples, simplified the detection steps, and improved the detection accuracy.

Permanent-magnet materials are essential for modern technologies, such as robotics, electric vehicles, and wind power generators. Over the last 100 years, the pursuit for stronger magnets mainly lies in enhancing their coercivity by alloying different elements with Fe and Co. Despite the continued endeavor, the coercivity of state-of-the-art NdFeB and SmCo magnets can only reach 20%–25% of their anisotropy field (Ha, the theoretical limit of the coercivity), known as the famous Brown's paradox. On the other hand, abnormally high coercivity was observed in the materials consisting of nanograins that reaches ∼60% of Ha at room temperature and goes beyond 100 kOe (7957 kA/m) at low temperatures. Moreover, the coercivity of nanostructured TbFe2 increases to ∼3500 Oe (278 kA/m), although it is a soft-magnetic material with a low value of only ∼30 Oe (2.4 kA/m) at room temperature for coarse-grained counterparts. However, high-energy-product bulk nanostructured magnets still remain elusive so far. In this short Perspective paper, we briefly discuss the prospects and challenges in fabricating high-performance bulk nanostructured magnets. The perspective for coercivity increase in emerging permanent magnets such as nanocomposite magnets and SmFe12-type magnets is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Layered vanadium-based materials are considered to be great potential electrode materials for aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs). The improvement of the electrochemical properties of vanadium-based materials is a hot research topic but still a challenge. Herein, a composite of Zn-ion pre-intercalated V2O5·nH2O combined with reduced graphene oxide (ZnVOH/rGO) is synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method and it shows improved Zn-ion storage. ZnVOH/rGO delivers a capacity of 325 mAh·g−1 at 0.1 A·g−1, and this value can still reach 210 mAh·g−1 after 100 cycles. Additionally, it exhibits 196 mAh·g−1 and keeps 161 mAh·g−1 after 1200 cycles at 4 A·g−1. The achieved performances are much higher than that of ZnVOH and VOH. All results reveal that Zn2+ as "pillars" expands the interlayer distance of VOH and facilitates the fast kinetics, and rGO improves the electron flow. They both stabilize the structure and enhance efficient Zn2+ migration. All findings demonstrate ZnVOH/rGO's potential as a perspective cathode material for AZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to improve the pervaporation (PV) performances of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes by using special cross-linkers. The γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH-570) cross-linked PDMS membranes were fabricated and characterized by FTIR, TGA, WCA, DSC, SEM, and swelling properties. Experimental results showed that the separation factor of the membrane increased slightly with the feed temperature whereas permeate flux increased. Butanol flux increased slowly with the feed concentration while the water flux decreased. The overall result indicated that the separation factor decreased slowly with the feed concentration. The membrane, with a thickness of 55 μm, showed a total flux of 308.4 g/m2h with a separation factor of 26.8 at 70 °C, and butanol permeability reached 11.13×105 Barrer with a membrane selectivity of 56.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]