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Objective To investigate the difference in intestinal flora among patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and normal population and to provide a basis for the early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma as a marker. Methods DNA was extracted from biopsy tissue samples of 30 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (observation group) and 25 healthy people (control group) by microbial amplification sequencing. The integrity and quality of DNA were detected. The composition and abundance of intestinal flora in the samples of the two groups were determined. Results A great similarity in beta diversity was found between the two groups, but some differences were also observed. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P

Cinnamon bark oil (CBO) is a natural plant bioactive molecule with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities because of its chemical instability and poor solubility in water, which limits its industrial applications. Herein, CBO‐loaded Pickering emulsion was produced using zein, the stabilizer, and arabic gum (AG) was used to modify the emulsifying ability of CBO. The stability, chromatic aberration, pH, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta (ζ) potential of the CBO‐loaded Pickering emulsion were investigated. The results showed that the Zein‐AG‐CBO Pickering emulsion exhibited better stability at an added AG concentration of 0.8% (w/v) than the free CBO. The CBO‐loaded Pickering emulsion retained its antioxidant and antimicrobial capacity and exhibited higher functional potential than the free CBO. The findings demonstrated the potential of Zein‐0.8%AG‐CBO Pickering emulsion as a kind of promising alternative for the delivery of antimicrobial essential oils in the food, active packaging material, and other related industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wild fish are preferred by consumers primarily for their superior sensorial qualities, including taste and texture. However, their limited availability often results in higher prices. Considering this, we explored the possibility of enhancing the quality of earthen pond aquaculture fish by transferring them to a near wild environment. This study investigated how rewilding time affects the physical properties, nutritional composition, and volatile profile of grass carp muscle. The results showed that compared to the 0M group, the crude protein content in grass carp muscle did not change significantly (p > 0.05) as the rewilding time increased to 6 months. Meanwhile, the significant increase in hardness and springiness (p < 0.05) indicated that the textural characteristics of muscle, which were key sensory and physical indices of muscle quality, were improved. Although the 6M group showed a 58.93% reduction in crude fat content compared to the 0M group, it retained the highest docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content. Sensory evaluation demonstrated that as the rewilding time increased, the fishy and grassy odors of the rewilding grass carp diminished. Furthermore, cluster heatmaps and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed that cultured grass carp and rewilding grass carp at three time points exhibited differences in various indicators. The variable importance in projection (VIP) showed that volatile flavor compounds (acetone, propionaldehyde-D, 1-penten-3-ol) and hardness were key factors in distinguishing between them. Therefore, extending the rewilding time can potentially enhance the acceptability of cultured grass carp by improving the physical properties, nutritional quality, and volatile profile of the muscle. This approach may provide a new pathway for fish aquaculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the bactericidal conditions of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on Pseudomonas fluorescen in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and the bactericidal mechanism of CAP in MAP, three factor and three levels orthogonal test was used to optimize the conditions of CAP treatment. The inhibitory mechanism of CAP against Pseudomonas fluorescens was studied by cell activity, cell wall permeability, cell membrane integrity, antioxidant enzyme activity and microstructure. The results showed that the best sterilization conditions were as follows: Treatment voltage as 50 kV, treatment time as 180s, modified atmosphere volume ratio as V(N2):V(CO2) = 3:2, under these conditions, the sterilization rate was 99.49%. The inhibitory mechanism of CAP on Pseudomonas fluorescens showed that cold atmospheric plasma treatment reduced cell activity. The integrity of cell wall and cell membrane was damaged, and the leakage of nucleic acid and protein increased, Na+K+-ATPase (ATP) content decreased by 13.10 U/mg prot, Propidium iodide (PI) increased, and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity decreased to 12.09 King unit/g prot. The activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase (CAT) in cells decreased. It changes the shape of the cells, making them stick and sag. In conclusion, cold atmospheric plasma combined with modified atmosphere packaging could effectively inhibit Pseudomonas fluorescens, resulting in cell inactivation or death, and the longer the treatment time, the better the effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]