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Abstract Background Antenatal care (ANC) plays a crucial role in ensuring maternal and child safety and reducing adverse delivery outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the association between the quality of ANC and the occurrence of preterm birth and low birth weight in a sample of the population from 16 regions in 8 provinces in China. Methods Data from all closed cases of pregnant women and newborns reported in the Maternal and Child Health Monitoring System from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018, in 16 monitoring regions across 8 provinces in China were collected and included in the analysis, resulting in a total of 49,084 pregnant women and 49,026 newborns. Results The mean number of ANC visits was 6.95 ± 3.45. By percentage, 78.79% of the women received ANC examinations at least five times. The percentage of normative ANC examinations and the percentage of qualified ANC examinations was 30.98% and 8.0% respectively. The gestational age(χ2 = 229.305, p

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Low fertility rates have become the most important risk affecting the balanced development of the population in China., What Is Added by This Report?: About 80.0% of childless women had fertility intentions, 31.9% of women with one child and 11.3% of women with two children intended to have a second and third child, respectively. Women with one child who had an agricultural Hukou , were younger than 30 years old, were remarried, and had received a deduction or reimbursement for childbirth expenses during their first delivery were more willing to have a second child. Women with two children who had an agricultural Hukou and a upper-middle personal income, were self-employed, and had two daughters were more willing to have a third child., What Are the Implications for Public Health Practice?: In China, women's willingness to have more children is not optimistic. To increase their desire for more children, creating a more favorable fertility environment for reproductive-age women and providing more preferential fertility policies for pregnant women will be necessary., Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest., (Copyright and License information: Editorial Office of CCDCW, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2024.)

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of women of advanced maternal age (AMA), accompanied by a rise in adverse pregnancy outcomes in certain regions of China., What Is Added by This Report?: From 2016 to 2022, there was an observed increase in the proportion of AMA, educational levels, and incidences of preterm birth and low birth weight (LBW) in both primiparous and multiparous women. Concurrently, there was a declining trend in the rate of cesarean deliveries and the incidence of macrosomia among multiparous women., What Are the Implications for Public Health Practice?: In addition to focusing on health management for AMA individuals, proactive steps should be undertaken to enhance the quality of medical services and promote childbirth at optimal ages, thereby reducing the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes., Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest., (Copyright and License information: Editorial Office of CCDCW, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2024.)

What is already known about this topic?, As a major cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a global public health problem affecting maternal and children's health. What is added by this report?, The incidence of HDP was 6.40% among 277,632 pregnant women. With the progress of pregnancy, the proportion of pregnant women with high normal blood pressure (BP) and the incidence of HDP increased gradually. The incidence of HDP increased with pregnancy age, body mass index, and BP of pregnant women during first trimester., What are the implications for public health practice?, To reduce the incidence of HDP effectively, we should pay more attention to older women who plan to become pregnant, measures should be taken to control BP and weight in pre-pregnancy., (Copyright and License information: Editorial Office of CCDCW, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2021.)

Summary: What is already known about this topic? The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic potentially affected prenatal care quality and maternal and fetal outcomes globally., What is added by this report? During COVID-19 pandemic period, the rates of caesarean sections (CS) and preterm birth for uninfected pregnant women increased slightly in areas that were relatively severely impacted by the pandemic in China. The overall number of prenatal examinations did not dramatically decrease, while the eligible examinations significantly decreased in Hubei Province., What are the implications for public health practice? Routine prenatal examinations had been well maintained during the pandemic period in China. In the future, in-time prenatal examinations should be provided to improve the quality of screening and management of high-risk pregnancy under pandemic-affected circumstances. Psychological counseling and transfer treatment channels should be strengthened for pregnant women during lockdown period., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest:All authors declared to have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright and License information: Editorial Office of CCDCW, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2021.)

What is already known about this topic?, Anemia during pregnancy is a global public health problem affecting both maternal and children's health. The "National Nutrition Plan (2017-2030)" and "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" issued by the State Council of China in 2017 and 2019, respectively, specified nutrition targets: by 2030, the anemia rate in pregnant women should be reduced to less than 10%. The anemia prevalence of pregnant women reported by the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2006 and 2010-2012 was 42.0% and 17.2%, respectively., What is added by this report?, Past surveillance in 2010-2012 did not divide pregnant women by gestation week, and the sample size was only 4,315 cases. In this study, the information of 206,753 registered pregnant women from their first antenatal care (ANC) examination to childbirth was collected from 2014 to 2018. The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 41.98%., What are the implications for public health practice?, The overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in the monitoring areas was high, far from the target of 10%. Anemia remains a serious health problem among pregnant women in China. It is urgent to develop effective strategies and take measures to reduce the prevalence of anemia in China., (Copyright and License information: Editorial Office of CCDCW, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 2020.)