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In order to comprehensively explore the intricate mechanisms of thermo-mechanical interactions, this study employs the molecular dynamics method to investigate the influence of heat flux density, shell thickness and length, as well as stress on the radial interface phonon transport in GaN/SiO 2 core/shell nanowire. Additionally, the surface eigenmode decomposition method is employed to analyze the interface phonon dispersion curves. The investigation reveals that with increasing heat flux density, internal thermal stresses intensify, leading to a complex distribution of thermal stresses within the system. Under the influence of thermal stress, the nonlinear acoustic properties interact with phonon scattering, resulting in the pronounced localization of interface phonons. Compressive stress causes an upshift in low-frequency phonons, while tensile stress induces a downward shift in the high-frequency optical branches at the interface. The localized phonon vibrations at the SiO 2 /GaN interface under nonuniform stress are identified as the primary cause for the abundant presence of nondispersive phonon modes at the radial interface. By elucidating the subtle interplay between lattice vibrations and stress fields, this study offers a novel and profound understanding of thermo-mechanical coupling effects, thereby providing innovative theoretical foundations for the design and performance management of thermoelectric devices.