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3. Nelumbo nucifera leaves extract ameliorated scopolamine‐induced cognition impairment via enhanced adult hippocampus neurogenesis.

Author

Lee, Yi‐Ju, Lin, Chang‐Mao, Chang, Yun‐Ching, Yang, Mon‐Yuan, Wang, Chau‐Jong, and Hsu, Li‐Sung

Subjects
DEVELOPMENTAL neurobiology, BRAIN-derived neurotrophic factor, HIPPOCAMPUS (Brain), NEUROGENESIS, IMMUNOSTAINING, EAST Indian lotus, WESTERN immunoblotting
Abstract

In this presentation, we explored the molecular mechanisms of N. nucifera leaf water extracts (NLWEs) and polyphenol extract (NLPE) on scopolamine‐induced cell apoptosis and cognition defects. The administration of NLWE and NLPE did not alter the body weight and serum biomarker rs and significantly ameliorated scopolamine‐induced cognition impairment according to Y‐maze test analysis. In mice, treatment with scopolamine disrupted normal histoarchitecture in the hippocampus, whereas the administration of NLWE and NLPE reversed the phenomenon. Western blot analysis revealed that scopolamine mitigated the expression of doublecortin (DCX), nestin, and NeuN, and cotreatment with NLWE or NLPE significantly recovered the expression of these proteins. NLWE and NLPE upregulated DCX and NeuN expression in the hippocampus region, as evidenced by immunohistochemical staining analysis of scopolamine‐treated mice. NLWE and NLPE obviously elevated brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and enhanced its downstream proteins activity. NLWE and NLPE attenuated scopolamine‐induced apoptosis by reducing Bax and increased Bcl‐2 expression. In addition, scopolamine also triggered apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells whereas co‐treatment with NLWE or quercetin‐3‐glucuronide (Q3G) reversed the phenomenon. NLWE or Q3G enhanced Bcl‐2 and reduced Bax expression in the presence of scopolamine in SH‐SY5Y cells. NLWE or Q3G recovered the inhibitory effects of scopolamine on neurogenesis and BDNF signals in SH‐SY5Y cells. Overall, our results revealed that N. nucifera leaf extracts and Q3G promoted adult hippocampus neurogenesis and prevented apoptosis to mitigate scopolamine‐induced cognition dysfunction through the regulation of BDNF signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Mulberry polyphenol extracts attenuated senescence through inhibition of Ras/ERK via promoting Ras degradation in VSMC

Author

Chen, Ching-Pei, Chan, Kuei-Chuan, Ho, Hsieh-Hsun, Huang, Hui-Pei, Hsu, Li-Sung, and Wang, Chau-Jong

Subjects
senescence, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Plant Extracts, Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Gene Expression, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Polyphenols, General Medicine, beta-Galactosidase, mulberry polyphenol extract, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), Proteolysis, Humans, Acyl Coenzyme A, Morus, Phosphorylation, smooth muscle cell, Cells, Cultured, Cellular Senescence, Research Paper, Ras
Abstract

Ageing is one of the major risk factors of human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Mulberry exhibits a wide range of functions, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-diabetes. In this study, we investigated the role of mulberry polyphenol extract (MPE) in K-Ras-induced senescence of smooth muscle cells. Forced expression of K-Ras enhanced senescence of smooth muscle A7r5 cells as shown by the elevation of β-galactosidase activity. Treatment with MPE significantly repressed the Ras, phosphorylated ERK, and β-galactosidase level. MPE triggered the association of cyclins with their corresponding cyclin-dependent protein kinases and hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma (RB). MPE also down-regulated the levels of K-Ras-induced CDK inhibitors. MPE enhanced the phosphorylated AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) level in the presence of K-Ras. Pretreatment with either L-NAME or AMPK inhibitor reversed the effects of MPE. In addition, L-NAME and AMPK inhibitor repressed the MPE-induced total and phosphorylated 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-Co A) level. MPE repressed K-Ras-induced G0/G1 arrest, whereas L-NAME and AMPK inhibitor blocked the effects of MPE. Our results indicated that MPE recovered the K-Ras-induced senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells through iNOS and AMPK-dependent pathway. Our findings suggested that MPE may prevent ageing-induced atherosclerosis.

Published
2022
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49. Anticancer activities of chalcone flavokawain B from Alpinia pricei Hayata in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells via induction of reactive oxygen species‐mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death

Author

Hseu, You‐Cheng, primary, Huang, Yu‐Chi, additional, Thiyagarajan, Varadharajan, additional, Mathew, Dony Chacko, additional, Lin, Kai‐Yuan, additional, Chen, Ssu‐Ching, additional, Liu, Jer‐Yuh, additional, Hsu, Li‐Sung, additional, Li, Mei‐Ling, additional, and Yang, Hsin‐Ling, additional

Published
2019
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