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136 results on '"Hruška J"'

1. Systematic Review of the Cost-Effectiveness of Home-Based Palliative Care Interventions in Patients with Cancer: A Critical Analysis

Author

Maresova P, Hruška J, Randlova K, Rezny L, Carrillo-de-la-Peña MT, and Kuca K

Subjects
cost-effectiveness, palliative care, treatment, interventions, review, pain management, cancer, quality of life, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Petra Maresova,1 Jan Hruška,1 Kristina Randlova,1,2 Lukas Rezny,1,3 María Teresa Carrillo-de-la-Peña,4 Kamil Kuca1,3 1Betthera S.r.o., Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; 2Prague University of Economics and Business, Faculty of Management, Department of Management, Prague, Czech Republic; 3University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Informatics and Management, Department of Economics, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; 4University of Santiago de Compostela, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, A Coruña, SpainCorrespondence: Kamil Kuca, Email kuca@betthera.comBackground: The increased prevalence of cancer and the negative impact of pain on the quality of life of patients underscore the need to implement efficient palliative care interventions and management of pain. The cost-effectiveness of palliative care interventions for cancer, mostly pharmacological and delivered through home-based palliative care services, is unclear. Most of the studies do not take into account indirect costs nor consider variations across different geographical regions.Objective: To describe existing and cutting-edge knowledge on cost-effectiveness or item costs related to palliative home-based care for patients with cancer. We evaluated various costs, including direct medical, non-medical, and indirect costs in different geographical regions and analysed how different options for care affect the patients’ quality of life and associated expenses.Methods: This Prospero-registered systematic review (CRD42023404217) adhered to the PRISMA criteria. Following a multistep selection process, we selected 22 articles published between 2013 and 2023 focused on quality of life outcomes and cost-effectiveness of home-based palliative care for cancer patients.Results: Home-based palliative care decreases the number of hospital visits, while its influence on patients quality of life is currently difficult to demonstrate across geographic regions based on available evidence. Overall, home care decreases the costs associated to the palliative care of patients with cancer. The cost structure analysis revealed that besides healthcare costs, informal care expenses and productivity losses represent a significant proportion of overall expenses). In Europe, the direct medical, non-medical, and indirect costs (in purchasing power parity) were on average $1,941, $842, and $1,241, per month per person, respectively. In the USA and Asia, direct medical and indirect costs are on average $1,095 (USA) vs $1,444 (Asia) and $2,192 (USA) vs $1,162 (Asia).Conclusion: In conclusion, the studies reviewed highlight significant cost variations and potential savings associated with palliative home-based care for cancer patients. Home-based palliative care, particularly involving medications, has shown favorable cost-effectiveness compared to hospital care. Specialized palliative home care, psychological interventions, and outpatient services further contribute to overall cost savings. However, the economic impact varies across different geographical contexts and cost categories, emphasizing the need for tailored approaches in palliative care planning and implementation.Keywords: cost-effectiveness, palliative care, treatment, interventions, review, pain management, cancer, quality of life

Published
2024

3. Calcium availability affects the intrinsic water-use efficiency of temperate forest trees

Author

Oulehle, F, Urban, O, Tahovská, K, Kolář, T, Rybníček, M, Büntgen, U, Hruška, J, Čáslavský, J, Trnka, M, Oulehle, F [0000-0003-3592-461X], Urban, O [0000-0002-1716-8876], Büntgen, U [0000-0002-3821-0818], Čáslavský, J [0000-0002-2023-6892], Trnka, M [0000-0003-4727-8379], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
37 Earth Sciences, 41 Environmental Sciences, 2 Zero Hunger
Abstract

Intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) of trees is an important component of the Earth’s coupled carbon and water cycles. The causes and consequences of long-term changes in iWUE are, however, still poorly understood due to the complex interplay between biotic and abiotic factors. Inspired by the role calcium (Ca) plays in plant transpiration, we explore possible linkages between tree ring-derived iWUE and Ca availability in five central European forest sites that were affected by acidic air pollution. We show that increasing iWUE was directly modulated by acid air pollution in conjunction with soil Ca concentration. Responses of iWUE to rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations accelerated across sites where Ca availability decreased due to soil acidity constraints, regardless of nitrogen and phosphorus availability. The observed association between soil acidity, Ca uptake, and transpiration suggests that Ca biogeochemistry has important, yet unrecognized, implications for the plant physiological upregulation of carbon and water cycles.

Published
2023

4. Does Acidification Policy Follow Research in Northern Sweden? The Case of Natural Acidity During the 1990’s

Author

Bishop, K., Laudon, H., Hruska, J., Kram, P., Köhler, S., Löfgren, S., Satake, Kenichi, editor, Shindo, Junko, editor, Takamatsu, Takejiro, editor, Nakano, Takanori, editor, Aoki, Shigeru, editor, Fukuyama, Tsutomu, editor, Hatakeyama, Shiro, editor, Ikuta, Kazukamasa, editor, Kawashima, Munetsugu, editor, Kohno, Yoshihisa, editor, Kojima, Satoru, editor, Murano, Kentaro, editor, Okita, Toshiichi, editor, Taoda, Hiroshi, editor, Tsunoda, Kinichi, editor, and Tsurumi, Makoto, editor

Published
2001
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9. UAV-Based Hyperspectral Monitoring Using Push-Broom and Snapshot Sensors: A Multisite Assessment for Precision Viticulture Applications

Author

Sousa, J. J., Toscano, Carlo Pompeo, Matese, A., Di Gennaro, S. F., Berton, A., Gatti, Matteo, Poni, Stefano, Pádua, L., Hruška, J., Morais, R., Peres, E., Toscano P., Gatti M. (ORCID:0000-0003-4195-7709), Poni S. (ORCID:0000-0002-7238-2613), Sousa, J. J., Toscano, Carlo Pompeo, Matese, A., Di Gennaro, S. F., Berton, A., Gatti, Matteo, Poni, Stefano, Pádua, L., Hruška, J., Morais, R., Peres, E., Toscano P., Gatti M. (ORCID:0000-0003-4195-7709), and Poni S. (ORCID:0000-0002-7238-2613)

Abstract

Hyperspectral aerial imagery is becoming increasingly available due to both technology evolution and a somewhat affordable price tag. However, selecting a proper UAV + hyperspectral sensor combo to use in specific contexts is still challenging and lacks proper documental support. While selecting an UAV is more straightforward as it mostly relates with sensor compatibility, autonomy, reliability and cost, a hyperspectral sensor has much more to be considered. This note provides an assessment of two hyperspectral sensors (push-broom and snapshot) regarding practicality and suitability, within a precision viticulture context. The aim is to provide researchers, agronomists, winegrowers and UAV pilots with dependable data collection protocols and methods, enabling them to achieve faster processing techniques and helping to integrate multiple data sources. Furthermore, both the benefits and drawbacks of using each technology within a precision viticulture context are also highlighted. Hyperspectral sensors, UAVs, flight operations, and the processing methodology for each imaging type' datasets are presented through a qualitative and quantitative analysis. For this purpose, four vineyards in two countries were selected as case studies. This supports the extrapolation of both advantages and issues related with the two types of hyperspectral sensors used, in different contexts. Sensors' performance was compared through the evaluation of field operations complexity, processing time and qualitative accuracy of the results, namely the quality of the generated hyperspectral mosaics. The results shown an overall excellent geometrical quality, with no distortions or overlapping faults for both technologies, using the proposed mosaicking process and reconstruction. By resorting to the multi-site assessment, the qualitative and quantitative exchange of information throughout the UAV hyperspectral community is facilitated. In addition, all the major benefits and drawbacks of each hyp

Published
2022

12. Management of Overweight and Obesity: Technology-Based Interventions Among Generation Y

Author

Marešová P and Hruška J

Subjects
obesity, lcsh:Medical technology, lcsh:R855-855.5, technology, mobile application, generation y
Abstract

Petra Marešová, Jan Hruška Department of Economy, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech RepublicCorrespondence: Petra MarešováDepartment of Economy, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech RepublicTel +420 737929745Email petra.maresova@uhk.czBackground: Obesity is recognized as the most widespread metabolic disease. The growing spread of modern technologies opens new perspectives in treating and caring for people suffering from obesity. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the use of modern technologies among Generation Y (age between 15 and 30) to chart the actual skills of obesity patients.Methods: The key method used in this paper is a quantitative survey research targeted on generation Y. The two groups “Y” and “non Y” are compared according to numerical and categorical variables. Possible dependences between body mass index and other numerical variables are also analyzed in pairs.Results: The two groups “Y” and “non Y” do not significantly differ in “hours of physical activities or sports per week” (p>0.33) and in the category of residence size (p>0.10) and they are significantly different in all other variables (p0.05). Among all respondents, most of them know some obesity-related applications and more than one third uses or used one of them in the past, but only 17.14% of respondents used these applications for active weight loss. Among Generation Y, 41.48% of respondents use an obesity-related application.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, the mobile applications and modern technologies should be considered as a tool with great potential for preventing obesity rather than its treatment.Keywords: obesity, mobile application, Generation Y, technology

Published
2020

15. Observed and expected changes in wildfire-conducive weather and fire events in peri-urban zones and key nature reserves of the Czech Republic

Author

Trnka, M, primary, Balek, J, additional, Možný, M, additional, Cienciala, E, additional, Čermák, P, additional, Semerádová, D, additional, Jurečka, F, additional, Hlavinka, P, additional, Štěpánek, P, additional, Farda, A, additional, Skalák, P, additional, Beranová, J, additional, Chuchma, F, additional, Zahradníček, P, additional, Janouš, D, additional, Žalud, Z, additional, Dubrovský, M, additional, Kindlmann, P, additional, Křenová, Z, additional, Fischer, M, additional, Hruška, J, additional, and Brázdil, R, additional

Published
2020
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21. Regional assessment of the current extent of acidification of surface waters in Europe and North America

Author

Austnes, K., Aherne, J., Arle, J., Čičendajeva, M., Couture, S., Fölster, J., Garmo, O., Hruška, J., Monteith, D., Posch, M., Rogora, M., Sample, J., Skjelkvåle, B., Steingruber, S., Stoddard, J., Ulańczyk, R., van Dam, H., Velasco, M., Vuorenmaa, J., Wright, R., de Wit, H., Austnes, K., Aherne, J., Arle, J., Čičendajeva, M., Couture, S., Fölster, J., Garmo, O., Hruška, J., Monteith, D., Posch, M., Rogora, M., Sample, J., Skjelkvåle, B., Steingruber, S., Stoddard, J., Ulańczyk, R., van Dam, H., Velasco, M., Vuorenmaa, J., Wright, R., and de Wit, H.

Abstract

The current status of surface water acidification related to air pollution in Europe and North America has been assessed using country reports, monitoring data, critical loads and exceedance data, acid sensitivity and deposition maps, and data reported under the European Commission’s Water Framework Directive (WFD). Acidification is still observed in many countries, but the extent and severity vary. Maps of acid sensitivity and deposition suggest that surface water acidification is present in regions and countries for which no data or reports were delivered for the current assessment. Existing national monitoring varies in the ability to assess the spatial extent of acidification and the recovery responses of acidified sites. The monitoring requirements under the European Union’s National Emission Ceilings Directive are expected to reverse the recent decline in the number of monitoring sites observed in some countries. The information reported under the WFD is currently of limited value in assessing the extent of acidification of surface waters in Europe. Chemical recovery in response to reductions in acid deposition can be slow, and biological recovery can lag severely behind. Despite large and effective efforts across Europe and North America to reduce surface water acidification, air pollution still constitutes a threat to freshwater ecosystems.

Published
2018

39. Activities of Daily Living and Associated Costs in the Most Widespread Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review

Author

Maresova P, Hruska J, Klimova B, Barakovic S, and Krejcar O

Subjects
costs, neurodegenerative diseases, quality of life, activities of daily living, Geriatrics, RC952-954.6
Abstract

Petra Maresova,1 Jan Hruska,1 Blanka Klimova,2 Sabina Barakovic,3 Ondrej Krejcar4 1Department of Economics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic; 2Department of Applied Linguistics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic; 3Faculty of Transport and Communications, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina; 4Center for Basic and Applied Science, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech RepublicCorrespondence: Ondrej KrejcarCenter for Basic and Applied Science, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62/26, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech RepublicTel +420 777484280Email ondrej.krejcar@uhk.czAbstract: Nowadays, the population is rapidly ageing because of increasing life expectancy and decreasing birth rates. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to prepare a comprehensive overview which identifies the activities of daily living (ADLs) that are gradually reduced among patients with dementia, as well as explore the therapies applied in relation to dementia and how they effectively improve the quality of life (QoL) of patients and caregivers. Furthermore, we aim to summarise the ADL activities influenced by therapies and examine the treatment costs and care for patients so that recommendations for research and development (R&D) can be made to improve both the QoL of people with dementia and cost-saving measures. The research focuses on four selected neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer, Parkinson, vascular dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Therefore, the peer-reviewed English written articles from 2014 to 2019 were searched between September 1 and December 13, 2019. Twenty-seven papers were included in the analysis. The results show that essential assistance occurs in connection with activities: eating, drinking, dressing, bathing, personal hygiene, use of the toilet, and transport. By contrast, shopping or cleaning is not addressed as much. A lower ability to take care of oneself is connected with poor patient health and higher social care costs because the patient requires care from external sources, such as home aid or nurse visits. The challenge that remains is to shift new knowledge from scientific disciplines and connect it with the needs of patients to remove legitimate barriers and increase the acceptance of new solutions by popularisation. Additionally, regarding the burden on caregivers, it would be appropriate to promote this area of education and employment so that family members can use formal caregivers, ensuring them free time and much-needed rest.Keywords: costs, neurodegenerative diseases, quality of life, activities of daily living

Published
2020

40. Modelling the effect of climate change on recovery of acidified freshwaters: Relative sensitivity of individual processes in the MAGIC model

Author

Wright, R. F., Aherne, J., Bishop, Kevin, Camarero, Lluís, Cosby, B. J., Erlandsson, M., Evans, C. D., Forsius, M., Hardekopf, David, Helliwell, R., Hruška, J., Jenkins, A., Kopáček, J., Moldan, F., Posch, M., Rogora, M., Wright, R. F., Aherne, J., Bishop, Kevin, Camarero, Lluís, Cosby, B. J., Erlandsson, M., Evans, C. D., Forsius, M., Hardekopf, David, Helliwell, R., Hruška, J., Jenkins, A., Kopáček, J., Moldan, F., Posch, M., and Rogora, M.

Abstract

The MAGIC model was used to evaluate the relative sensitivity of several possible climate-induced effects on the recovery of soil and surface water from acidification. A common protocol was used at 14 intensively studied sites in Europe and eastern North America. The results show that several of the factors are of only minor importance (increase in pCO2 in soil air and runoff, for example), several are important at only a few sites (seasalts at near-coastal sites, for example) and several are important at nearly all sites (increased concentrations of organic acids in soil solution and runoff, for example). In addition changes in forest growth and decomposition of soil organic matter are important at forested sites and sites at risk of nitrogen saturation. The trials suggest that in future modelling of recovery from acidification should take into account possible concurrent climate changes and focus specially on the climate-induced changes in organic acids and nitrogen retention.

Published
2006

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