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2. Predicting user numbers of an urban fringe Pennine moorland using time and weather variables

Author

Hoyle, M. and Stott, T.

Subjects
333.74, GV Recreation Leisure, HD Industries. Land use. Labor
Abstract

This study develops and conducts a 15-month, high resolution 24/7 user counting exercise on an area of urban-fringe moorland. The results of this study are discussed and used to predict future land use. The results of this study are compared with results from lower resolution user counts in other wilderness areas. This study was conceived to address a gap in data around recreational moorland use and provide 24/7 data on user numbers in order to develop models to attempt to predict use of urban-fringe moorland from time and weather variables. The data collection strategies utilised were manual counts by an observer, supplemented by Arduino micro-computers and passive infrared sensors. These sensors were designed and developed specifically for the purpose of remote high resolution counting of visitors at low cost, producing reliable 24/7 data for 15-months. Time and synchronous local weather variables at 30 minute, 1 hour, 3 hour and 6 hour resolution were compared with 30 minute moorland user data to assess how these factors affected counts. The study found that the strongest variable affecting visitor counts was daylight. User counts were highest in summer, at weekends and during afternoons. Surprisingly, very little change in user counts was detected during school, bank or religious holidays. Generally, there are trends toward using the moor when temperature is higher and humidity lower. Cloud, visibility, wind chill, wind speed and wind direction had no influence on user counts. User counts, time and weather information were modelled using two approaches: (1) weighting factors and (2) multiple regression. The best model was able to explain 52% of variation in use. The predictive capability of the model increased to 58% during summer and on weekends. Data suggest that there are two groups of users on the moor. A group that have become acclimatised to the prevailing weather conditions and use the area regardless of the weather, this first group will use the moor regularly throughout the week. The second user group is more likely to use the moor during the weekend. These users are more influenced by time and weather factors. An important social discovery was made through anecdotal observation and discussion indicating that the urban fringe moorland is utilised by users beyond the expected dog walkers, hikers and cyclists.

Published
2018
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3. Avelumab Plus Talazoparib in Patients With BRCA1/2- or ATM-Altered Advanced Solid Tumors: Results From JAVELIN BRCA/ATM, an Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase 2b, Tumor-Agnostic Trial

Author

Schram, A, Colombo, N, Arrowsmith, E, Narayan, V, Yonemori, K, Scambia, G, Zelnak, A, Bauer, T, Jin, N, Ulahannan, S, Colleoni, M, Aftimos, P, Donoghue, M, Rosen, E, Rudneva, V, Telli, M, Domchek, S, Galsky, M, Hoyle, M, Chappey, C, Stewart, R, Blake-Haskins, J, Yap, T, Schram A. M., Colombo N., Arrowsmith E., Narayan V., Yonemori K., Scambia G., Zelnak A., Bauer T. M., Jin N., Ulahannan S. V., Colleoni M., Aftimos P., Donoghue M. T. A., Rosen E., Rudneva V. A., Telli M. L., Domchek S. M., Galsky M. D., Hoyle M., Chappey C., Stewart R., Blake-Haskins J. A., Yap T. A., Schram, A, Colombo, N, Arrowsmith, E, Narayan, V, Yonemori, K, Scambia, G, Zelnak, A, Bauer, T, Jin, N, Ulahannan, S, Colleoni, M, Aftimos, P, Donoghue, M, Rosen, E, Rudneva, V, Telli, M, Domchek, S, Galsky, M, Hoyle, M, Chappey, C, Stewart, R, Blake-Haskins, J, Yap, T, Schram A. M., Colombo N., Arrowsmith E., Narayan V., Yonemori K., Scambia G., Zelnak A., Bauer T. M., Jin N., Ulahannan S. V., Colleoni M., Aftimos P., Donoghue M. T. A., Rosen E., Rudneva V. A., Telli M. L., Domchek S. M., Galsky M. D., Hoyle M., Chappey C., Stewart R., Blake-Haskins J. A., and Yap T. A.

Abstract

Importance: Nonclinical studies suggest that the combination of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 inhibitors has enhanced antitumor activity; however, the patient populations that may benefit from this combination have not been identified. Objective: To evaluate whether the combination of avelumab and talazoparib is effective in patients with pathogenic BRCA1/2 or ATM alterations, regardless of tumor type. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this pan-cancer tumor-agnostic phase 2b nonrandomized controlled trial, patients with advanced BRCA1/2-altered or ATM-altered solid tumors were enrolled into 2 respective parallel cohorts. The study was conducted from July 2, 2018, to April 12, 2020, at 42 institutions in 9 countries. Interventions: Patients received 800 mg of avelumab every 2 weeks and 1 mg of talazoparib once daily. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was confirmed objective response (OR) per RECIST 1.1 by blinded independent central review. Results: A total of 200 patients (median [range] age, 59.0 [26.0-89.0] years; 132 [66.0%] women; 15 [7.5%] Asian, 11 [5.5%] African American, and 154 [77.0%] White participants) were enrolled: 159 (79.5%) in the BRCA1/2 cohort and 41 (20.5%) in the ATM cohort. The confirmed OR rate was 26.4% (42 patients, including 9 complete responses [5.7%]) in the BRCA1/2 cohort and 4.9% (2 patients) in the ATM cohort. In the BRCA1/2 cohort, responses were more frequent (OR rate, 30.3%; 95% CI, 22.2%-39.3%, including 8 complete responses [6.7%]) and more durable (median duration of response: 10.9 months [95% CI, 6.2 months to not estimable]) in tumor types associated with increased heritable cancer risk (ie, BRCA1/2-associated cancer types, such as ovarian, breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancers) and in uterine leiomyosarcoma (objective response in 3 of 3 patients and with ongoing responses greater than 24 months) compared with non-BRCA-associated cancer types. Respo

Published
2023

6. The Maxwell-Vlasov equations in Euler-Poincare form

Author

Cendra, H., Holm, D. D., Hoyle, M. J. W., and Marsden, J. E.

Subjects
Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Abstract

Low's well known action principle for the Maxwell-Vlasov equations of ideal plasma dynamics was originally expressed in terms of a mixture of Eulerian and Lagrangian variables. By imposing suitable constraints on the variations and analyzing invariance properties of the Lagrangian, as one does for the Euler equations for the rigid body and ideal fluids, we first transform this action principle into purely Eulerian variables. Hamilton's principle for the Eulerian description of Low's action principle then casts the Maxwell-Vlasov equations into Euler-Poincare form for right invariant motion on the diffeomorphism group of position-velocity phase space, R^6. Legendre transforming the Eulerian form of Low's action principle produces the Hamiltonian formulation of these equations in the Eulerian description. Since it arises from Euler-Poincare equations, this Hamiltonian formulation can be written in terms of a Poisson structure that contains the Lie-Poisson bracket on the dual of a semidirect product Lie algebra. Because of degeneracies in the Lagrangian, the Legendre transform is dealt with using the Dirac theory of constraints. Another Maxwell-Vlasov Poisson structure is known, whose ingredients are the Lie-Poisson bracket on the dual of the Lie algebra of symplectomorphisms of phase space and the Born-Infeld brackets for the Maxwell field. We discuss the relationship between these two Hamiltonian formulations. We also discuss the general Kelvin-Noether theorem for Euler-Poincare equations and its meaning in the plasma context., Comment: 27 pages, LATeX, no figures

Published
1998
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8. Avelumab Plus Talazoparib in Patients With BRCA1/2- or ATM-Altered Advanced Solid Tumors: Results From JAVELIN BRCA/ATM, an Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase 2b, Tumor-Agnostic Trial

Author

Schram A. M., Colombo N., Arrowsmith E., Narayan V., Yonemori K., Scambia G., Zelnak A., Bauer T. M., Jin N., Ulahannan S. V., Colleoni M., Aftimos P., Donoghue M. T. A., Rosen E., Rudneva V. A., Telli M. L., Domchek S. M., Galsky M. D., Hoyle M., Chappey C., Stewart R., Blake-Haskins J. A., Yap T. A., Schram, A, Colombo, N, Arrowsmith, E, Narayan, V, Yonemori, K, Scambia, G, Zelnak, A, Bauer, T, Jin, N, Ulahannan, S, Colleoni, M, Aftimos, P, Donoghue, M, Rosen, E, Rudneva, V, Telli, M, Domchek, S, Galsky, M, Hoyle, M, Chappey, C, Stewart, R, Blake-Haskins, J, and Yap, T

Subjects
Cancer Research, Avelumab, Settore MED/40 - GINECOLOGIA E OSTETRICIA, Oncology, BRCA1/2, Talazoparib, brca
Abstract

ImportanceNonclinical studies suggest that the combination of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death–ligand 1 inhibitors has enhanced antitumor activity; however, the patient populations that may benefit from this combination have not been identified.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the combination of avelumab and talazoparib is effective in patients with pathogenic BRCA1/2 or ATM alterations, regardless of tumor type.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this pan-cancer tumor-agnostic phase 2b nonrandomized controlled trial, patients with advanced BRCA1/2-altered or ATM-altered solid tumors were enrolled into 2 respective parallel cohorts. The study was conducted from July 2, 2018, to April 12, 2020, at 42 institutions in 9 countries.InterventionsPatients received 800 mg of avelumab every 2 weeks and 1 mg of talazoparib once daily.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was confirmed objective response (OR) per RECIST 1.1 by blinded independent central review.ResultsA total of 200 patients (median [range] age, 59.0 [26.0-89.0] years; 132 [66.0%] women; 15 [7.5%] Asian, 11 [5.5%] African American, and 154 [77.0%] White participants) were enrolled: 159 (79.5%) in the BRCA1/2 cohort and 41 (20.5%) in the ATM cohort. The confirmed OR rate was 26.4% (42 patients, including 9 complete responses [5.7%]) in the BRCA1/2 cohort and 4.9% (2 patients) in the ATM cohort. In the BRCA1/2 cohort, responses were more frequent (OR rate, 30.3%; 95% CI, 22.2%-39.3%, including 8 complete responses [6.7%]) and more durable (median duration of response: 10.9 months [95% CI, 6.2 months to not estimable]) in tumor types associated with increased heritable cancer risk (ie, BRCA1/2-associated cancer types, such as ovarian, breast, prostate, and pancreatic cancers) and in uterine leiomyosarcoma (objective response in 3 of 3 patients and with ongoing responses greater than 24 months) compared with non–BRCA-associated cancer types. Responses in the BRCA1/2 cohort were numerically higher for patients with tumor mutational burden of 10 or more mutations per megabase (mut/Mb) vs less than 10 mut/Mb. The combination was well tolerated, with no new safety signals identified.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this phase 2b nonrandomized controlled trial, neither the BRCA1/2 nor ATM cohort met the prespecified OR rate of 40%. Antitumor activity for the combination of avelumab and talazoparib in patients with BRCA1/2 alterations was observed in some patients with BRCA1/2-associated tumor types and uterine leiomyosarcoma; benefit was minimal in non–BRCA-associated cancer types.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03565991

Published
2023

9. Histopathologically Validated Diagnostic Accuracy of PSMA-PET/CT in the Primary and Secondary Staging of Prostate Cancer and the Impact of PSMA-PET/CT on Clinical Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Author

Jeet, V, Parkinson, B, Song, R, Sharma, R, Hoyle, M, Jeet, V, Parkinson, B, Song, R, Sharma, R, and Hoyle, M

Abstract

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a highly expressed protein in prostate cancer (PCa) and has become an increasingly popular target for molecular imaging in recent years. PSMA based positron-emission-tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a well characterised hybrid imaging modality that combines the high sensitivity of PET with the high spatial resolution of CT imaging. The combination of these two imaging modalities provides an accurate tool for detecting and managing PCa. Several diagnostic accuracy and clinical management studies investigating the role of PSMA PET/CT in PCa have been published recently. This study aimed to perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PSMA PET/CT in localised, lymph node metastatic (LNM) and recurrent PCa patients and assess its impact on the clinical management of primary and recurrent PCa. Using Medline, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases, studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy and clinical management of PSMA PET/CT were analysed based on the PRISMA guidelines. Statistical analyses were conducted using random-effects models, and meta-regression explored observed heterogeneity. Results indicate that the sensitivity and specificity of PSMA PET/CT for localised PCa were 71.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 58.0, 81.0) and 92.0% (95% CI: 86.0, 96.0), respectively (N = 10; n = 404 patients). Sensitivity and specificity in LNM were 57.0% (95% CI: 49.0, 64.0) and 96.0% (95% CI: 95.0, 97.0) (N = 36; n = 3,659 patients). For patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR), sensitivity was 84.0% (95% CI: 74.0, 90.0), and specificity was 97.0% (95% CI: 88.0, 99.0) (N = 9; n = 818 patients). The pooled proportion of management changes in primary (N = 16; n = 1,099 patients) and recurrent (N = 40; n = 5,398 patients) PCa was 28.0% (95% CI: 23.0, 34.0) and 54.0% (95% CI: 50.0, 58.0), respectively. In conclusion, PSMA PET/CT shows moderate sensitivity and high specifi

Published
2023

10. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Primary Staging of Prostate Cancer in Australia.

Author

Song, R, Jeet, V, Sharma, R, Hoyle, M, Parkinson, B, Song, R, Jeet, V, Sharma, R, Hoyle, M, and Parkinson, B

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) is a new imaging modality to detect the extra-prostatic spread of prostate cancer. PSMA PET/CT has a higher sensitivity and specificity than conventional imaging (CT ± whole body bone scan [WBBS]). This study conducted a cost-utility analysis of PSMA PET/CT compared with conventional imaging for patients with newly diagnosed, intermediate-risk or high-risk primary prostate cancer. PERSPECTIVE: Australian healthcare perspective. SETTING: Tertiary. METHODS: A decision-analytic Markov model combined data from a variety of sources. The time horizon was 35 years. The sensitivity and specificity of PSMA PET/CT and CT alone were based on meta-analyses and the test accuracy of CT+WBBS was based on a single randomised controlled trial. Health outcomes included cases detected, life-years, and quality-adjusted life-years. Costs related to other diagnostic tests, initial treatment, adverse events, and post-disease progression were included. All costs were reported in 2021 Australian Dollars (A$). RESULTS: The deterministic incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of PSMA PET/CT was estimated to be A $21,147/quality-adjusted life-year gained versus CT+WBBS, and A$36,231/quality-adjusted life-year gained versus CT alone. The results were most sensitive to the time horizon, and the initial treatments received by patients diagnosed with metastatic cancer. The probability of PSMA PET/CT being cost effective was estimated to be 91% versus CT+WBBS and 89% versus CT alone, using a threshold of AU$50,000/quality-adjusted life-year gained. CONCLUSIONS: PSMA PET/CT is likely to be more costly than CT+WBBS or CT alone in Australia; however, it is still likely to be considered cost effective compared with conventional imaging.

Published
2022

26. RF30 Biomarker tests to help diagnose preterm labour in symptomatic women with intact membranes: a systematic review

Author

Barnish, M, primary, Varley-Campbell, J, additional, Coelho, H, additional, Dodman, S, additional, Snowsill, T, additional, Mújica-Mota, R, additional, Packman, D, additional, Ocean, N, additional, Kay, T, additional, Liversedge, N, additional, Parr, M, additional, Knight, L, additional, Hyde, C, additional, Shennan, A, additional, and Hoyle, M, additional

Published
2018
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27. EMA and NICE Appraisal Processes for Cancer Drugs: Current Status and Uncertainties

Author

Dickson, R. (Rumona), Boland, A. (Angela), Duarte, R. (Rui), Kotas, E. (Eleanor), Woolacott, N. (Nerys), Hodgson, R. (Robert), Riemsma, R. (Rob), Grimm, S. (Sabine), Ramaekers, B.L.T. (Bram), Joore, M.A. (Manuela), Büyükkaramikli, N. (Nasuh), Kaltenthaler, E. (Eva), Stevenson, M. (Matt), Pandor, A. (Abdullah), Edwards, S. (Steve), Hoyle, M. (Martin), Shepherd, J. (Jonathan), Armoiry, X. (Xavier), Brazzelli, M. (Miriam), Dickson, R. (Rumona), Boland, A. (Angela), Duarte, R. (Rui), Kotas, E. (Eleanor), Woolacott, N. (Nerys), Hodgson, R. (Robert), Riemsma, R. (Rob), Grimm, S. (Sabine), Ramaekers, B.L.T. (Bram), Joore, M.A. (Manuela), Büyükkaramikli, N. (Nasuh), Kaltenthaler, E. (Eva), Stevenson, M. (Matt), Pandor, A. (Abdullah), Edwards, S. (Steve), Hoyle, M. (Martin), Shepherd, J. (Jonathan), Armoiry, X. (Xavier), and Brazzelli, M. (Miriam)

Published
2018
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28. EMA and NICE Appraisal Processes for Cancer Drugs: Current Status and Uncertainties

Author

Dickson, R, Boland, A, Duarte, R, Kotas, E, Woolacott, N, Hodgson, R, Riemsma, R, Grimm, S, Ramaekers, B, Joore, M, Buyukkaramikli, Nasuh, Kaltenthaler, E, Stevenson, M, Pandor, A, Edwards, S, Hoyle, M, Shepherd, J, Armoiry, X, Brazzelli, M, Dickson, R, Boland, A, Duarte, R, Kotas, E, Woolacott, N, Hodgson, R, Riemsma, R, Grimm, S, Ramaekers, B, Joore, M, Buyukkaramikli, Nasuh, Kaltenthaler, E, Stevenson, M, Pandor, A, Edwards, S, Hoyle, M, Shepherd, J, Armoiry, X, and Brazzelli, M

Published
2018

33. Cost effectiveness analysis of improved blood pressure control in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 40

Author

Stearne, MR, Palmer, SL, Hammersley, MS, Franklin, SL, Spivey, RS, Levy, JC, Tidy, CR, Bell, NJ, Steemson, J, Barrow, BA, Coster, R, Waring, K, Nolan, L, Truscott, E, Walravens, N, Cook, L, Lampard, H, Merle, C, Parker, P, McVittie, J, Draisey, I, Murchison, LE, Brunt, AHE, Williams, MJ, Pearson, DW, Petrie, XMP, Lean, MEJ, Walmsley, D, Lyall, F, Christie, E, Church, J, Thomson, E, Farrow, A, Stowers, JM, Stowers, M, McHardy, K, Patterson, N, Wright, AD, Levi, NA, Shearer, ACI, Thompson, RJW, Taylor, G, Rayton, S, Bradbury, M, Glover, A, Smyth-Osbourne, A, Parkes, C, Graham, J, England, P, Gyde, S, Eagle, C, Chakrabarti, B, Smith, J, Sherwell, J, Kohner, EM, Dornhorst, A, Doddridge, MC, Dumskyj, M, Walji, S, Sharp, P, Sleightholm, M, Vanterpool, G, Rose, C, Frost, G, Roseblade, M, Elliott, S, Forrester, S, Foster, M, Myers, K, Chapman, R, Hayes, JR, Henry, RW, Featherston, MS, Archbold, GPR, Copeland, M, Harper, R, Richardson, I, Martin, S, Davison, HA, Hadden, DR, Kennedy, L, Atkinson, AB, Culbert, AM, Hegan, C, Tennet, H, Webb, N, Robinson, I, Holmes, J, Bell, PM, McCance, DR, Rutherford, J, Nesbitt, S, Spathis, AS, Hyer, S, Nanson, ME, James, LM, Tyrell, JM, Davis, C, Strugnell, P, Booth, M, Petrie, H, Clark, D, Rice, B, Hulland, S, Barron, JL, Yudkin, JS, Gould, BJ, Singer, J, Badenock, A, Eckert, M, Alibhai, K, Marriot, E, Cox, C, Price, R, Fernandez, M, Ryle, A, Clarke, S, Wallace, G, Mehmed, E, MacFarlane, S, Greenwood, RH, Wilson, J, Denholm, MJ, Temple, RC, Whitfield, K, Johnson, F, Munroe, C, Gorick, S, Duckworth, E, Flatman, M, Rainbow, S, Borthwick, LJ, Wheatcroft, DJ, Seaman, RJ, Christie, RA, Wheatcroft, W, Musk, P, White, J, McDougal, S, Bond, M, Raniga, P, Newton, RW, Jung, RT, Roxburgh, C, Kilgallon, B, Dick, L, Waugh, N, Kilby, S, Ellington, A, Burns, J, Fox, CV, Holloway, MC, Coghill, HM, Hein, N, Fox, A, Cowan, W, Richard, M, Quested, K, Evans, SJ, Paisey, RB, Brown, NPR, Tucker, AJ, Paisey, R, Garrett, F, Hogg, J, Park, P, Williams, K, Harvey, P, Wilcocks, R, Mason, S, Frost, J, Warren, C, Rocket, P, Bower, L, Roland, JM, Brown, DJ, Youens, J, Stanton-King, K, Mungall, H, Ball, V, Maddison, W, Donnelly, D, King, S, Griffin, P, Smith, S, Church, S, Dunn, G, Wilson, A, Palmer, K, Brown, PM, Humphriss, D, Davidson, AJM, Rose, R, Armistead, L, Townsend, S, Poon, P, Peacock, IDA, Culverwell, NJC, Charlton, MH, Connolly, BPS, Peacock, J, Barrett, J, Wain, J, Beeston, W, King, G, Hill, PG, Boulton, AJM, Robertson, AM, Katoulis, V, Olukoga, A, McDonald, H, Kumar, S, Abouaesha, F, Abuaisha, B, Knowles, EA, Higgins, S, Booker, J, Sunter, J, Breislin, K, Parker, R, Raval, P, Curwell, J, Davenport, J, Shawcross, G, Prest, A, Grey, J, Cole, H, Sereviratne, C, Young, RJ, Dornan, TL, Clyne, JR, Gibson, M, O'Connell, I, Wong, LM, Wilson, SJ, Wright, KL, Wallace, C, McDowell, D, Burden, AC, Sellen, EM, Gregory, R, Roshan, M, Vaghela, N, Burden, M, Sherriff, C, Clarke, J, Grenfell, J, Tooke, JE, MacLeod, K, Searnark, C, Rammell, M, Pym, C, Stockman, J, Yeo, C, Piper, J, Leighton, L, Green, E, Hoyle, M, Jones, K, Hudson, A, James, AJ, Shore, A, Higham, A, Martin, B, and Grp, UKPDS

Subjects
General Engineering, HC Economic History and Conditions, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Medicine, R Medicine (General), General Environmental Science
Abstract

Objectives: To estimate the economic efficiency of tight blood pressure control, with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or beta blockers, compared with less tight control in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. Design: Cost effectiveness analysis incorporating within trial analysis and estimation of impact on life expectancy through use of the within trial hazards of reaching a defined clinical end point. Use of resources driven by trial protocol and use of resources in standard clinical practice were both considered. Setting: 20 hospital based clinics in England, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Subjects: 1148 hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes from UK prospective diabetes study randomised to tight control of blood pressure (n=758) or less tight control (n=390). Main outcome measure: Cost effectiveness ratios based on (a) use of healthcare resources associated with tight control and less tight control and treatment of complications and (b) within trial time free from diabetes related end points, and life years gained. Results: Based on use of resources driven by trial protocol, the incremental cost effectiveness of tight control compared with less tight control was cost saving. Based on use of resources in standard clinical practice, incremental cost per extra year free from end points amounted to £1049 (costs and effects discounted at 6% per year) and £434 (costs discounted at 6% per year and effects not discounted). The incremental cost per life year gained was £720 (costs and effects discounted at 6% per year) and £291 (costs discounted at 6% per year and effects not discounted). Conclusions: Tight control of blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes substantially reduced the cost of complications, increased the interval without complications and survival, and had a cost effectiveness ratio that compares favourably with many accepted healthcare programmes.

Published
1998
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40. What is the Clinical Effectiveness of Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents for the Treatment of Cancer Treatment-Induced Anaemia?

Author

Crathorne, L., primary, Huxley, N., additional, Haasova, M., additional, Snowsill, T., additional, Jones-Hughes, T., additional, Hoyle, M., additional, Briscoe, S., additional, Coelho, H., additional, Long, L., additional, Medina-Lara, A., additional, Mujica-Mota, R., additional, Napier, M., additional, and Hyde, C., additional

Published
2014
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44. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)

Author

Turner, RC, Holman, RR, Cull, CA, Stratton, IM, Matthews, DR, Frighi, V, Manley, SE, Neil, A, McElroy, K, Wright, D, Kohner, E, Fox, C, Hadden, D, Mehta, Z, Smith, A, Nugent, Z, Peto, R, Adlel, AI, Mann, JI, Bassett, PA, Oakes, SF, Dornan, TL, Aldington, S, Lipinski, H, Collum, R, Harrison, K, MacIntyre, C, Skinner, S, Mortemore, A, Nelson, D, Cockley, S, Levien, S, Bodsworth, L, Willox, R, Biggs, T, Dove, S, Beattie, E, Gradwell, M, Staples, S, Lam, R, Taylor, F, Leung, L, Carter, RD, Brownlee, SM, Fisher, KE, Islam, K, Jelfs, R, Williams, PA, Williams, FA, Sutton, PJ, Ayres, A, Logie, LJ, Lovatt, C, Evans, MA, Stowell, LA, Ross, I, Kennedy, IA, Croft, D, Keen, AH, Rose, C, Raikou, M, Fletcher, AE, Bulpitt, C, Battersby, C, Yudkin, JS, Stevens, R, Stearn, MR, Palmer, SL, Hammersley, MS, Franklin, SL, Spivey, RS, Levy, JC, Tidy, CR, Bell, NJ, Steemson, J, Barrow, BA, Coster, R, Waring, K, Nolan, L, Truscott, E, Walravens, N, Cook, L, Lampard, H, Merle, C, Parker, P, McVittie, J, Draisey, I, Murchison, LE, Brunt, AHE, Williams, MJ, Pearson, DW, Petrie, XMP, Lean, MEJ, Walmsley, D, Lyall, F, Christie, E, Church, J, Thomson, E, Farrow, A, Stowers, JM, Stowers, M, McHardy, K, Patterson, N, Wright, AD, Levi, NA, Shearer, ACI, Thompson, RJW, Taylor, G, Rayton, S, Bradbury, M, Glover, A, Smyth-Osbourne, A, Parkes, C, Graham, J, England, P, Gyde, S, Eagle, C, Chakrabarti, B, Smith, J, Sherwell, J, Oakley, NW, Whitehead, MA, Hollier, GP, Pilkington, T, Simpson, J, Anderson, M, Martin, S, Kean, J, Rice, B, Rolland, A, Nisbet, J, Kohner, EM, Dornhorst, A, Doddridge, MC, Dumskyij, M, Walji, S, Sharp, P, Sleightholm, M, Vanterpool, G, Frost, G, Roseblade, M, Elliott, S, Forrester, S, Foster, M, Myers, K, Chapman, R, Hayes, JR, Henry, RW, Featherston, MS, Archbold, GPR, Copeland, M, Harper, R, Richardson, I, Davison, HA, Alexander, L, Scarpello, JHB, Shiers, DE, Tucker, RJ, Worthington, JRH, Angris, S, Bates, A, Walton, J, Teasdale, M, Browne, J, Stanley, S, Davis, BA, Strange, RC, Hadden, DR, Kennedy, L, Atkinson, AB, Bell, PM, McCance, DR, Rutherford, J, Culbert, AM, Hegan, C, Tennet, H, Webb, N, Robinson, I, Holmes, J, Nesbitt, S, Spathis, AS, Hyer, S, Nanson, ME, James, LM, Tyrell, JM, Davis, C, Strugnell, P, Booth, M, Petrie, H, Clark, D, Hulland, S, Barron, JL, Gould, BC, Singer, J, Badenoch, A, McGregor, M, Isenberg, L, Eckert, M, Alibhai, K, Marriot, E, Cox, C, Price, R, Fernandez, M, Ryle, A, Clarke, S, Wallace, G, Mehmed, E, Lankester, JA, Howard, E, Waite, A, MacFarlane, S, Greenwood, RH, Wilson, J, Denholm, MJ, Temple, RC, Whitfield, K, Johnson, F, Munroe, C, Gorick, S, Duckworth, E, Fatman, M, Rainbow, S, Borthwick, L, Wheatcroft, DJ, Seaman, RJ, Christie, RA, Wheatcroft, W, Musk, P, White, J, McDougal, S, Bond, M, Raniga, P, Day, JL, Doshi, MJ, Wilson, JG, Howard-Williams, JR, Humphreys, H, Graham, A, Hicks, K, Hexman, S, Bayliss, P, Pledger, D, Newton, RW, Jung, RT, Roxburgh, C, Kilgallon, B, Dick, L, Waugh, N, Kilby, S, Ellingford, A, Burns, J, Fox, CV, Holloway, MC, Coghill, HM, Hein, N, Fox, A, Cowan, W, Richard, M, Quested, K, Evans, SJ, Paisey, RB, Brown, NPR, Tucker, AJ, Paisey, R, Garrett, F, Hogg, J, Park, P, Williams, K, Harvey, P, Wilcocks, R, Mason, S, Frost, J, Warren, C, Rocket, P, Bower, L, Roland, JM, Brown, DJ, Youens, J, Stanton-King, K, Mungall, H, Ball, V, Maddison, W, Donnelly, D, King, S, Griffin, P, Smith, S, Church, S, Dunn, G, Wilson, A, Palmer, K, Brown, PM, Humphriss, D, Davidson, AJM, Rose, R, Armistead, L, Townsend, S, Poon, P, Peacock, IDA, Culverwell, NJC, Charlton, MH, Connolly, BPS, Peacock, J, Barrett, J, Wain, J, Beeston, W, King, G, Hill, PG, Boulton, AJM, Robertson, AM, Katoulis, V, Olukoga, A, McDonald, H, Kumar, S, Abouaesha, F, Abuaisha, B, Knowles, EA, Higgins, S, Booker, J, Sunter, J, Breislin, K, Parker, R, Raval, P, Curwell, J, Davenport, H, Shawcross, G, Prest, A, Grey, J, Cole, H, Sereviratne, C, Young, RJ, Clyne, JR, Gibson, M, O'Connell, I, Wong, LM, Wilson, SJ, Wright, KL, Wallace, C, McDowell, D, Burden, AC, Sellen, EM, Gregory, R, Roshan, M, Vaghela, N, Burden, M, Sherriff, C, Mansingh, S, Clarke, J, Grenfell, J, Tooke, JE, MacLeod, K, Seamark, C, Rammell, M, Pym, C, Stockman, J, Yeo, C, Piper, J, Leighton, L, Green, E, Hoyle, M, Jones, K, Hudson, A, James, AJ, Shore, A, Higham, A, Martin, B, Neil, HAW, Butterfield, WJH, Doll, WRS, Eastman, R, Ferris, FR, Kurinij, N, McPherson, K, Mahler, RF, Meade, TW, Shafer, G, Watkins, PJ, Keen, H, Siegel, D, Betteridge, DJ, Cohen, RD, Currie, D, Darbyshire, J, Forrester, JV, Guppy, T, Johnston, DG, McGuire, A, Murphy, M, el-Nahas, AM, Pentecost, B, Spiegelhalter, D, Alberti, KGMM, Denton, R, Home, PD, Howell, S, Jarrett, JR, Marks, V, Marmot, M, Ward, JD, and Grp, UKPDS

Subjects
General Medicine
Published
1998

45. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group

Author

Stearne, MR, Palmer, SL, Hammersley, MS, Franklin, SL, Spivey, RS, Levy, JC, Tidy, CR, Bell, NJ, Steemson, J, Barrow, BA, Coster, R, Waring, K, Nolan, J, Truscott, E, Walravens, N, Cook, L, Lampard, H, Merle, C, Parker, P, McVittie, J, Draisey, I, Murchison, LE, Brunt, AHE, Williams, MJ, Pearson, DW, Petrie, XMP, Lean, MEJ, Walmsley, D, Lyall, MJ, Christie, E, Church, J, Thomson, E, Farrow, A, Stowers, JM, Stowers, M, McHardy, K, Patterson, N, Wright, AD, Levi, NA, Shearer, ACI, Thompson, RJW, Taylor, G, Rayton, S, Bradbury, M, Glover, A, Smyth-Osbourne, A, Parkes, C, Graham, J, England, P, Gyde, S, Eagle, C, Chakrabarti, B, Smith, J, Sherwell, J, Kohner, EM, Dornhurst, A, Doddridge, MC, Dumskyj, M, Walji, S, Sharp, P, Sleightholm, M, Vanterpool, G, Rose, C, Frost, G, Roseblade, M, Elliott, S, Forrester, S, Foster, M, Myers, K, Chapman, R, Hayes, JR, Henry, RW, Featherston, MS, Archbold, GPR, Copeland, M, Harper, R, Richardson, I, Martin, S, Davison, HA, Hadden, DR, Kennedy, L, Atkinson, AB, Culbert, AM, Hegan, C, Tennet, H, Webb, N, Robinson, I, Holmes, J, Bell, PM, McCance, DR, Rutherford, J, Nesbitt, S, Spathis, AS, Hyer, S, Nanson, ME, James, LM, Tyrell, JM, Davis, C, Strugnell, P, Booth, M, Petrie, H, Clark, D, Rice, B, Hulland, S, Barron, JL, Yudkin, JS, Gould, BJ, Singer, J, Badenock, A, Eckert, M, Alibhai, K, Marriot, E, Cox, C, Price, R, Fernandez, M, Ryle, A, Clarke, S, Wallace, G, Mehmed, E, MacFarlane, S, Greenwood, RH, Wilson, J, Denholm, MJ, Temple, RC, Whitfield, K, Johnson, F, Munroe, C, Gorick, S, Duckworth, E, Flatman, M, Rainbow, S, Borthwick, LJ, Wheatcroft, DJ, Seaman, RJ, Christie, RA, Wheatcroft, W, Musk, P, White, J, McDougal, S, Bond, M, Raniga, P, Newton, RW, Jung, RT, Roxburgh, C, Kilgallon, B, Dick, L, Waugh, N, Kilby, S, Ellingford, A, Burns, J, Fox, CV, Holloway, MC, Coghill, HM, Hein, N, Fox, A, Cowan, W, Richard, M, Quested, K, Evans, SJ, Paisey, RB, Brown, NPR, Tucker, AJ, Paisey, R, Garrett, F, Hogg, J, Park, P, Williams, K, Harvey, P, Wilcocks, R, Mason, S, Frost, J, Warren, C, Rocket, P, Bower, L, Roland, JM, Brown, DJ, Youens, J, Stanton-King, K, Mungall, H, Ball, V, Maddison, W, Donnelly, D, King, S, Griffin, P, Smith, S, Church, S, Dunn, G, Wilson, A, Palmer, K, Brown, PM, Humphriss, D, Davidson, AJM, Rose, R, Armistead, L, Townsend, S, Poon, P, Peacock, IDA, Culverwell, NJC, Charlton, MH, Connolly, BPS, Peacock, J, Barrett, J, Wain, J, Beeston, W, King, G, Hill, PG, Boulton, AJM, Robertson, AM, Katoulis, V, Olukoga, A, McDonald, H, Kumar, S, Abouaesha, F, Abuaisha, B, Knowles, EA, Higgins, S, Booker, J, Sunter, J, Breislin, K, Parker, R, Raval, P, Curwell, J, Davenport, H, Shawcross, G, Prest, A, Grey, J, Cole, H, Sereviratne, C, Young, RJ, Dornan, TL, Clyne, JR, Gibson, M, O'Connell, I, Wong, LM, Wilson, SJ, Wright, KL, Wallace, C, McDowell, D, Burden, AC, Sellen, EM, Gregory, R, Roshan, M, Vaghela, N, Burden, M, Sherriff, C, Clarke, J, Grenfell, J, Tooke, JE, MacLeod, K, Searnark, C, Rammell, M, Pym, C, Stockman, J, Yeo, C, Piper, J, Leighton, L, Green, E, Hoyle, M, Jones, K, Hudson, A, James, AJ, Shore, A, Higham, A, Martin, B, and Grp, USPDS

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether tight control of blood pressure prevents macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial comparing tight control of blood pressure aiming at a blood pressure of

Published
1998

46. Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group

Author

Stearne, MR, Palmer, SL, Hammersley, MS, Franklin, SL, Spivey, RS, Levy, JC, Tidy, CR, Bell, NJ, Steemson, J, Barrow, BA, Coster, R, Waring, K, Nolan, L, Truscott, E, Walravens, N, Cook, BL, Lampard, H, Merle, C, Parker, P, McVittie, J, Draisey, I, Murchison, LE, Brunt, AHE, Williams, MJ, Pearson, DW, Petrie, XMP, Lean, MEJ, Walmsley, D, Lyall, F, Christie, E, Church, J, Thomson, E, Farrow, A, Stowers, JM, Stowers, M, McHardy, K, Patterson, N, Wright, AD, Levi, NA, Shearer, AGI, Thompson, RJW, Taylor, G, Rayton, S, Bradbury, M, Glover, A, Smyth-Osbourne, A, Parkes, C, Graham, J, England, P, Gyde, S, Eagle, C, Chakrabarti, B, Smith, J, Sherwell, J, Kohner, EM, Dornhorst, A, Doddridge, MC, Dumskyj, M, Walji, S, Sharp, P, Sleightholm, M, Vanterpool, G, Rose, C, Frost, G, Roseblade, M, Elliott, S, Forrester, S, Foster, M, Myers, K, Chapman, R, Hayes, JR, Henry, TW, Featherston, MS, Archbold, GPR, Copeland, M, Harper, R, Richardson, I, Martin, S, Davison, HA, Hadden, DR, Kennedy, L, Atkinson, AB, Culbert, AM, Hegan, C, Tennet, H, Webb, N, Robinson, I, Holmes, J, Bell, PM, McCance, DR, Rutherford, J, Nesbitt, S, Spathis, AS, Hyer, S, Nanson, ME, James, JM, Tyrell, JM, Davis, C, Strugnell, P, Booth, M, Petrie, H, Clark, D, Rice, B, Hulland, S, Barron, JL, Yudkin, JS, Gould, BJ, Singer, J, Badenock, A, Eckert, M, Alibhai, K, Marriot, E, Cox, C, Price, R, Fernandez, M, Ryle, A, Clarke, S, Wallace, G, Mehmed, E, MacFarlane, S, Greenwood, RH, Wilson, J, Denholm, MJ, Temple, RC, Whitfield, K, Johnson, F, Munroe, C, Gorick, S, Duckworth, E, Flatman, M, Rainbow, S, Borthwick, LJ, Wheatcroft, DJ, Seaman, RJ, Christie, RA, Wheatcroft, W, Musk, P, White, J, McDougal, S, Bond, M, Raniga, P, Newton, RW, Jung, RT, Roxburgh, C, Kilgallon, B, Dick, L, Waugh, N, Kilby, S, Ellingford, A, Burns, J, Fox, CV, Holloway, MC, Coghill, HM, Hein, N, Fox, A, Cowan, W, Richard, M, Quested, K, Evans, SJ, Paisey, RB, Brown, NPR, Tucker, AJ, Paisey, R, Garrett, F, Hogg, J, Park, P, Williams, K, Harvey, P, Wilcocks, R, Mason, S, Frost, J, Warren, C, Rocket, P, Bower, L, Roland, JM, Brown, DJ, Youens, J, Stanton-King, K, Mungall, H, Ball, V, Maddison, W, Donnelly, D, King, S, Griffin, P, Smith, S, Church, S, Dunn, G, Wilson, A, Palmer, K, Brown, PM, Humphriss, D, Davidson, AJM, Rose, R, Armistead, L, Townsend, S, Poon, P, Peacock, IDA, Culverwell, NJC, Charlton, MH, Connolly, BPS, Peacock, J, Barrett, J, Wain, J, Beeston, W, King, G, Hill, PG, Boulton, AJM, Robertson, AM, Katoulis, V, Olukoga, A, McDonald, H, Kumar, S, Abouaesha, F, Abuaisha, B, Knowles, EA, Higgins, S, Booker, J, Sunter, J, Breislin, K, Parker, R, Raval, P, Curwell, J, Davenport, H, Shawcross, G, Prest, A, Grey, J, Cole, H, Sereviratne, C, Young, RJ, Dornan, TL, Clyne, JR, Gibson, M, O'Connell, I, Wong, LM, Wilson, SJ, Wright, KL, Wallace, C, McDowell, D, Burden, AC, Sellen, EM, Gregory, R, Roshan, M, Vaghela, N, Burden, M, Sherriff, C, Clarke, J, Grenfell, J, Tooke, JE, MacLeod, K, Searnark, C, Rammell, M, Pym, C, Stockman, J, Yeo, C, Piper, J, Leighton, L, Green, E, Hoyle, M, Jones, K, Hudson, A, James, AJ, Shore, A, Higham, A, Martin, B, and Grp, USPDS

Subjects
cardiovascular diseases, circulatory and respiratory physiology
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether tight control of blood pressure with either a beta blocker or an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor has a specific advantage or disadvantage in preventing the macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial comparing an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) with a beta blocker (atenolol) in patients with type 2 diabetes aiming at a blood pressure of =300 mg/l (5% and 9%). The proportion of patients with hypoglycaemic attacks was not different between groups, but mean weight gain in the atenolol group was greater (3.4 kg v 1.6 kg). CONCLUSION: Blood pressure lowering with captopril or atenolol was similarly effective in reducing the incidence of diabetic complications. This study provided no evidence that either drug has any specific beneficial or deleterious effect, suggesting that blood pressure reduction in itself may be more important than the treatment used.

Published
1998

49. The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of cetuximab (mono- or combination chemotherapy), bevacizumab (combination with non-oxaliplatin chemotherapy) and panitumumab (monotherapy) for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer after first-line chemotherapy (review of technology appraisal No.150 and part review of technology appraisal No. 118): a systematic review and economic model

Author

Hoyle, M, primary, Crathorne, L, additional, Peters, J, additional, Jones-Hughes, T, additional, Cooper, C, additional, Napier, M, additional, Tappenden, P, additional, and Hyde, C, additional

Published
2013
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50. PRM60 General Methodological Issues in Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Inspired by the Assessment of Dasatinib, Nilotinib and Imatinib for 1st- Line Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia

Author

Hoyle, M., primary, Pavey, T., additional, Ciani, O., additional, Crathorne, L., additional, Jones-Hughes, T., additional, Cooper, C., additional, Osipenko, L., additional, Venkatachalam, M., additional, Rudin, C., additional, Ukoumunne, O., additional, Garside, R., additional, and Anderson, R., additional

Published
2012
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