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147 results on '"Howland, Dena R."'

2. Student Competition (Knowledge Generation) ID 1985158

Author

O’Sullivan, Carly L., primary, Tyreman, Neil, additional, Shanti, Rofyontsa F., additional, O’Steen, Wilbur A., additional, Mirkiani, Soroush, additional, Boakye, Maxwell, additional, Howland, Dena R., additional, and Mushahwar, Vivian K., additional

Published
2023
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3. The Role of the Cerebellum in Control of Swallow: Evidence of Inspiratory Activity During Swallow

Author

Reed, Mitchell D., English, Mason, English, Connor, Huff, Alyssa, Poliacek, Ivan, Musselwhite, M. Nicholas, and Howland, Dena R.

Subjects
Cerebellum -- Research, Swallows -- Research, Medical research, Health
Abstract

Anatomical connections are reported between the cerebellum and brainstem nuclei involved in swallow such as the nucleus tractus solitarius, nucleus ambiguus, and Kölliker-fuse nuclei. Despite these connections, a functional role of the cerebellum during swallow has not been elucidated. Therefore, we examined the effects of cerebellectomy on swallow muscle recruitment and swallow-breathing coordination in anesthetized freely breathing cats. Electromyograms were recorded from upper airway, pharyngeal, laryngeal, diaphragm, and chest wall muscles before and after complete cerebellectomy. Removal of the cerebellum reduced the excitability of swallow (i.e., swallow number), and muscle recruitment of the geniohyoid, thyroarytenoid, parasternal (chestwall), and diaphragm muscles, but did not disrupt swallow-breathing coordination. Additionally, diaphragm and parasternal muscle activity during swallow is reduced after cerebellectomy, while no changes were observed during breathing. These findings suggest the cerebellum modulates muscle excitability during recruitment, but not pattern or coordination of swallow with breathing., Author(s): Mitchell D. Reed [sup.1] , Mason English [sup.1] , Connor English [sup.1] , Alyssa Huff [sup.1] [sup.2] , Ivan Poliacek [sup.3] [sup.4] , M. Nicholas Musselwhite [sup.3] , Dena [...]

Published
2019
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4. SmartPill™ Administration to Assess Gastrointestinal Function after Spinal Cord Injury in a Porcine Model—A Preliminary Study

Author

Knibbe, Chase A., primary, Ahmed, Rakib Uddin, additional, Wilkins, Felicia, additional, Sharma, Mayur, additional, Ethridge, Jay, additional, Morgan, Monique, additional, Gibson, Destiny, additional, Cooper, Kimberly B., additional, Howland, Dena R., additional, Vadhanam, Manicka V., additional, Barve, Shirish S., additional, Davison, Steven, additional, Sherwood, Leslie C., additional, Semler, Jack, additional, Abell, Thomas, additional, and Boakye, Maxwell, additional

Published
2023
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5. Recovery of walking in nonambulatory children with chronic spinal cord injuries : case series

Author

Howland, Dena R., Trimble, Shelley A., Fox, Emily J., Tester, Nicole J., Spiess, Martina R., Senesac, Claudia R., Kleim, Jeffrey A., Spierre, Louise Z., Rose, Dorian K., Johns, Jeffery S., Ugiliweneza, Beatrice, Reier, Paul J., Behrman, Andrea L., Howland, Dena R., Trimble, Shelley A., Fox, Emily J., Tester, Nicole J., Spiess, Martina R., Senesac, Claudia R., Kleim, Jeffrey A., Spierre, Louise Z., Rose, Dorian K., Johns, Jeffery S., Ugiliweneza, Beatrice, Reier, Paul J., and Behrman, Andrea L.

Abstract

The immature central nervous system is recognized as having substantial neuroplastic capacity. In this study, we explored the hypothesis that rehabilitation can exploit that potential and elicit reciprocal walking in nonambulatory children with chronic, severe (i.e., lower extremity motor score < 10/50) spinal cord injuries (SCIs). Seven male subjects (3-12 years of age) who were at least 1-year post-SCI and incapable of discrete leg movements believed to be required for walking, enrolled in activity-based locomotor training (ABLT; clinicaltrials.gov NCT00488280). Six children completed the study. Following a minimum of 49 sessions of ABLT, three of the six children achieved walking with reverse rolling walkers. Stepping development, however, was not accompanied by improvement in discrete leg movements as underscored by the persistence of synergistic movements and little change in lower extremity motor scores. Interestingly, acoustic startle responses exhibited by the three responding children suggested preserved reticulospinal inputs to circuitry below the level of injury capable of mediating leg movements. On the other hand, no indication of corticospinal integrity was obtained with transcranial magnetic stimulation evoked responses in the same individuals. These findings suggest some children who are not predicted to improve motor and locomotor function may have a reserve of adaptive plasticity that can emerge in response to rehabilitative strategies such as ABLT. Further studies are warranted to determine whether a critical need exists to re-examine rehabilitation approaches for pediatric SCI with poor prognosis for any ambulatory recovery.

Published
2023

6. Recovery of walking in nonambulatory children with chronic spinal cord injuries: Case series

Author

Howland, Dena R., primary, Trimble, Shelley A., additional, Fox, Emily J., additional, Tester, Nicole J., additional, Spiess, Martina R., additional, Senesac, Claudia R., additional, Kleim, Jeffrey A., additional, Spierre, Louise Z., additional, Rose, Dorian K., additional, Johns, Jeffery S., additional, Ugiliweneza, Beatrice, additional, Reier, Paul J., additional, and Behrman, Andrea L., additional

Published
2023
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10. Retraining walking adaptability following incomplete spinal cord injury

Author

Fox, Emily J., Tester, Nicole J., Butera, Katie A., Howland, Dena R., Spiess, Martina R., Castro-Chapman, Paula L., Behrman, Andrea L., Fox, Emily J., Tester, Nicole J., Butera, Katie A., Howland, Dena R., Spiess, Martina R., Castro-Chapman, Paula L., and Behrman, Andrea L.

Abstract

Functional walking requires the ability to modify one's gait pattern to environmental demands and task goals-gait adaptability. Following incomplete spinal cord injury (ISCI), gait rehabilitation such as locomotor training (Basic-LT) emphasizes intense, repetitive stepping practice. Rehabilitation approaches focusing on practice of gait adaptability tasks have not been established for individuals with ISCIs but may promote recovery of higher level walking skills. The primary purpose of this case series was to describe and determine the feasibility of administering a gait adaptability retraining approach-Adapt-LT-by comparing the dose and intensity of Adapt-LT to Basic-LT.

Published
2022

14. Characterization of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction after Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury in Yucatan Minipigs

Author

Keung, Martin S., primary, Streijger, Femke, additional, Herrity, April, additional, Ethridge, Jay, additional, Dougherty, Susan M., additional, Aslan, Sevda, additional, Webster, Megan, additional, Fisk, Shera, additional, Deegan, Emily G., additional, Tessier-Cloutier, Basile, additional, Chen, Kuan-Yin N., additional, Morrison, Charlotte, additional, Okon, Elena B., additional, Tigchelaar, Seth, additional, Manouchehri, Neda, additional, Kim, Kyoung-Tae, additional, Shortt, Katelyn, additional, So, Kitty, additional, Damaser, Margot S., additional, Sherwood, Leslie C., additional, Howland, Dena R., additional, Boakye, Max, additional, Hubscher, Charles, additional, Stothers, Lynn, additional, Kavanagh, Alex, additional, and Kwon, Brian K., additional

Published
2021
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16. Treadmill-Based Gait Kinematics in the Yucatan Mini Pig

Author

Boakye, Maxwell, primary, Morehouse, Johnny, additional, Ethridge, Jay, additional, Burke, Darlene A., additional, Khattar, Nicolas K., additional, Kumar, Chitra, additional, Manouchehri, Neda, additional, Streijger, Femke, additional, Reed, Robert, additional, Magnuson, David S.K., additional, Sherwood, Leslie, additional, Kwon, Brian K., additional, and Howland, Dena R., additional

Published
2020
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21. Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent Feedback

Author

King, Suzanne N., primary, Shen, Tabitha Y., additional, Musselwhite, M. Nicholas, additional, Huff, Alyssa, additional, Reed, Mitchell D., additional, Poliacek, Ivan, additional, Howland, Dena R., additional, Dixon, Warren, additional, Morris, Kendall F., additional, Bolser, Donald C., additional, Iceman, Kimberly E., additional, and Pitts, Teresa, additional

Published
2020
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25. Ongoing walking recovery 2 years after locomotor training in a child with severe incomplete spinal cord injury

Author

Fox, Emily J., Tester, Nicole J., Phadke, Chetan P., Nair, Preeti M., Senesac, Claudia R., Howland, Dena R., and Behrman, Andrea L.

Subjects
Movement disorders -- Risk factors -- Care and treatment -- Patient outcomes -- Case studies, Spinal cord injuries -- Complications and side effects -- Case studies, Walking -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Background and Purpose. The authors previously reported on walking recovery in a nonambulatory child with chronic, severe, incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) after 76 sessions of locomotor training (LT). Although clinical measures did not predict his recovery, reciprocal patterned leg movements developed, affording recovery of independent walking with a reverse rolling walker. The long-term functional limitations and secondary complications often associated with pediatric-onset SCI necessitate continued follow-up of children with SCI. Therefore, the purpose of this case report is to describe this child's walking function and musculoskeletal growth and development during the 2 years since his participation in an LT program and subsequent walking recovery. Case Description. Following LT, the child attended elementary school as a full-time ambulator. He was evaluated 1 month (baseline), 1 year, and 2 years after LT. Examination of walking function included measures of walking independence, gait speed and spatiotemporal parameters, gait kinematics, and daily step activity. Growth and development were assessed by tracking his height, weight, incidence of musculoskeletal complications, and gross motor task performance. Outcomes. Over the 2 years, the child continued to ambulate independently with a reverse rolling walker, increasing his fastest gait speed. Spatiotemporal and kinematic features of his walking improved, and daily step activity increased. Height and weight remained on their preinjury trajectory and within age-appropriate norms. The child experienced only minor musculoskeletal complications. Additionally, he gained the ability to use reciprocal patterned leg movements during locomotor tasks such as assisted stair climbing and independent tricycle pedaling. Conclusions. Two years after recovery of walking, this child with incomplete SCI had maintained and improved his walking function and experienced age-appropriate growth and development., Pediatric spinal cord injury (SCI) represents 3% to 5% of all SCI cases, resulting in nearly 2 cases per 100,000 children in the United States. (1) Children with SCI experience [...]

Published
2010
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26. Locomotor training restores walking in a nonambulatory child with chronic, severe, incomplete cervical spinal cord injury

Author

Behrman, Andrea L., Nair, Preeti M., Bowden, Mark G., Dauser, Robert C., Herget, Benjamin R., Martin, Jennifer B., Phadke, Chetan P., Reier, Paul J., Senesac, Claudia R., Thompson, Floyd J., Howland, Dena R., Edgerton, V. Reggie, and McEwen, Irene R.

Subjects
Human mechanics -- Health aspects -- Case studies, Spinal cord injuries -- Care and treatment -- Case studies -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Background and Purpose. Locomotor training (LT) enhances walking in adult experimental animals and humans with mild-to-moderate spinal cord injuries (SCIs). The animal literature suggests that the effects of LT may be greater on an immature nervous system than on a mature nervous system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of LT in a child with chronic, incomplete SCI. Subject. The subject was a nonambulatory 4 1/2-year-old boy with an American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) C Lower Extremity Motor Score (LEMS) of 4/50 who was deemed permanently wheelchair-dependent and was enrolled in an LT program 16 months after a severe cervical SCI. Methods. A pretest-posttest design was used in the study. Over 16 weeks, the child received 76 LT sessions using both treadmill and over-ground settings in which graded sensory cues were provided. The outcome measures were ASIA Impairment Scale score, gait speed, walking independence, and number of steps. Results. One month into LT, voluntary stepping began, and the child progressed from having no ability to use his legs to community ambulation with a rolling walker. By the end of LT, his walking independence score had increased from 0 to 13/20, despite no change in LEMS. The child's final self-selected gait speed was 0.29 m/s, with an average of 2,488 community-based steps per day and a maximum speed of 0.48 m/s. He then attended kindergarten using a walker full-time. Discussion and Conclusion. A simple, context-dependent stepping pattern sufficient for community ambulation was recovered in the absence of substantial voluntary isolated lower-extremity movement in a child with chronic, severe SCI. These novel data suggest that some children with severe, incomplete SCI may recover community ambulation after undergoing LT and that the LEMS cannot identify this subpopulation., Locomotor training (LT) is a promising experimental approach that has been translated to humans to promote the recovery of walking after incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). (1,2) By using a [...]

Published
2008

30. Effects of trunk restraint combined with intensive task practice on poststroke upper extremity reach and function: a pilot study

Author

Woodbury, Michelle L., Howland, Dena R., McGuirk, Theresa E., Davis, Sandra B., Senesac, Claudia R., Kautz, Steve, and Richards, Lorie G.

Subjects
Stroke (Disease) -- Physiological aspects, Stroke (Disease) -- Care and treatment, Human mechanics -- Research, Extremities (Anatomy) -- Physiological aspects, Abdomen -- Muscles, Abdomen -- Physiological aspects, Shoulder -- Physiological aspects, Psychology and mental health
Published
2009

42. Author Response

Author

Behrman, Andrea L, primary, Nair, Preeti M, additional, Bowden, Mark G, additional, Dauser, Robert C, additional, Herget, Benjamin R, additional, Martin, Jennifer B, additional, Phadke, Chetan P, additional, Reier, Paul J, additional, Senesac, Claudia R, additional, Thompson, Floyd J, additional, and Howland, Dena R, additional

Published
2008
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