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1. Euclid: Early Release Observations -- Deep anatomy of nearby galaxies

Author

Hunt, L. K., Annibali, F., Cuillandre, J. -C., Ferguson, A. M. N., Jablonka, P., Larsen, S. S., Marleau, F. R., Schinnerer, E., Schirmer, M., Stone, C., Tortora, C., Saifollahi, T., Lançon, A., Bolzonella, M., Gwyn, S., Kluge, M., Laureijs, R., Carollo, D., Collins, M. L. M., Dimauro, P., Duc, P. -A., Erkal, D., Howell, J. M., Nally, C., Saremi, E., Scaramella, R., Belokurov, V., Conselice, C. J., Knapen, J. H., McConnachie, A. W., McDonald, I., Carretero, J. Miro, Roman, J., Sauvage, M., Sola, E., Aghanim, N., Altieri, B., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Awan, S., Azzollini, R., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Bender, R., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Candini, G. P., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Congedo, G., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Corcione, L., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Di Giorgio, A. M., Dinis, J., Dubath, F., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fosalba, P., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Granett, B. R., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoar, J., Hoekstra, H., Holliman, M. S., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kilbinger, M., Kitching, T., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kuijken, K., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahav, O., Mignant, D. Le, Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., McCracken, H. J., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Mellier, Y., Meneghetti, M., Merlin, E., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Nightingale, J. W., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Racca, G. D., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Sartoris, B., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Scodeggio, M., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Skottfelt, J., Stanco, L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Tavagnacco, D., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tutusaus, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Veropalumbo, A., Wang, Y., Weller, J., Williams, O. R., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Burigana, C., De Lucia, G., George, K., Scottez, V., Miluzio, M., Simon, P., Mora, A., Martín-Fleitas, J., and Scott, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Euclid is poised to make significant advances in the study of nearby galaxies in the local Universe. Here we present a first look at 6 galaxies observed for the Nearby Galaxy Showcase as part of the Euclid Early Release Observations acquired between August and November, 2023. These targets, 3 dwarf galaxies (HolmbergII, IC10, NGC6822) and 3 spirals (IC342, NGC2403, NGC6744), range in distance from about 0.5 Mpc to 8.8 Mpc. Our assessment of the surface brightness depths in the stacked Euclid images confirms previous estimates in 100 arcsec^2 regions of 1sigma=30.5 mag/arcsec^2 for VIS, but slightly deeper than previous estimates for NISP with 1sigma=29.2-29.4 mag/arcsec^2. By combining Euclid HE, YE, and IE into RGB images, we illustrate the large field-of-view covered by a single Reference Observing Sequence, together with exquisite detail on parsec scales in these nearby galaxies. Radial surface brightness and color profiles demonstrate galaxy colors in agreement with stellar population synthesis models. Standard stellar photometry selection techniques find approximately 1.3 million stars across the 6 galaxy fields. Euclid's resolved stellar photometry allows us to constrain the star-formation histories of these galaxies, by disentangling the distributions of young stars, as well as asymptotic giant branch and red giant branch stellar populations. We finally examine 2 galaxies individually for surrounding satellite systems. Our analysis of the ensemble of dwarf satellites around NGC6744 reveals a new galaxy, EDwC1, a nucleated dwarf spheroidal at the end of a spiral arm. Our new census of the globular clusters around NGC2403 yields 9 new star-cluster candidates, 8 of which with colors indicative of evolved stellar populations. In summary, our investigation of the 6 Showcase galaxies demonstrates that Euclid is a powerful probe of the anatomy of nearby galaxies [abridged]., Comment: 36 pages; 20 figures in main text; 4 Appendices. Submitted to A&A, as part of the A&A special issue `Euclid on Sky', which contains Euclid key reference papers and first results from the Euclid Early Release Observations

Published
2024

2. Euclid: Early Release Observations -- Programme overview and pipeline for compact- and diffuse-emission photometry

Author

Cuillandre, J. -C., Bertin, E., Bolzonella, M., Bouy, H., Gwyn, S., Isani, S., Kluge, M., Lai, O., Lançon, A., Lang, D. A., Laureijs, R., Saifollahi, T., Schirmer, M., Stone, C., Abdurro'uf, Aghanim, N., Altieri, B., Annibali, F., Atek, H., Awad, P., Baes, M., Bañados, E., Barrado, D., Belladitta, S., Belokurov, V., Boselli, A., Bournaud, F., Bovy, J., Bowler, R. A. A., Buenadicha, G., Buitrago, F., Cantiello, M., Carollo, D., Codis, S., Collins, M. L. M., Congedo, G., Dalessandro, E., de Lapparent, V., De Paolis, F., Diego, J. M., Dimauro, P., Dinis, J., Dole, H., Duc, P. -A., Erkal, D., Ezziati, M., Ferguson, A. M. N., Ferré-Mateu, A., Franco, A., Gavazzi, R., George, K., Gillard, W., Golden-Marx, J. B., Goldman, B., Gonzalez, A. H., Habas, R., Hartley, W. G., Hatch, N. A., Kohley, R., Hoar, J., Howell, J. M., Hunt, L. K., Jablonka, P., Jauzac, M., Kang, Y., Knapen, J. H., Kneib, J. -P., Kuzma, P. B., Larsen, S. S., Marchal, O., Martín-Fleitas, J., Marcos-Arenal, P., Marleau, F. R., Martín, E. L., Massari, D., McConnachie, A. W., Meneghetti, M., Miluzio, M., Carretero, J. Miro, Miyatake, H., Mondelin, M., Montes, M., Mora, A., Müller, O., Nally, C., Noeske, K., Nucita, A. A., Oesch, P. A., Oguri, M., Peletier, R. F., Poulain, M., Quilley, L., Racca, G. D., Rejkuba, M., Rhodes, J., Rocci, P. -F., Román, J., Sacquegna, S., Saremi, E., Scaramella, R., Schinnerer, E., Serjeant, S., Sola, E., Sorce, J. G., Tarsitano, F., Tereno, I., Toft, S., Tortora, C., Urbano, M., Venhola, A., Voggel, K., Weaver, J. R., Xu, X., Žerjal, M., Zöller, R., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Basset, A., Bender, R., Bodendorf, C., Branchini, E., Brau-Nogue, S., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, S., Castander, F. J., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Courbin, F., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Cuby, J. -G., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Di Giorgio, A. M., Douspis, M., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Fabricius, M., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferriol, S., Fotopoulou, S., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hook, I., Hormuth, F., Hornstrup, A., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Jhabvala, M., Keihänen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kilbinger, M., Kitching, T., Kubik, B., Kuijken, K., Kümmel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Lahav, O., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lindholm, V., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., McCracken, H. J., Medinaceli, E., Mellier, Y., Meylan, G., Mohr, J. J., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S. -M., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Peacock, J. A., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L. A., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Rebolo, R., Refregier, A., Renzi, A., Riccio, G., Rix, Hans-Walter, Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Skottfelt, J., Stanco, L., Tallada-Crespí, P., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Tsyganov, A., Tutusaus, I., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Wang, Y., Weller, J., Williams, O. R., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Baccigalupi, C., Burigana, C., Casenove, P., Liebing, P., Scottez, V., Simon, P., and Scott, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The Euclid ERO showcase Euclid's capabilities in advance of its main mission, targeting 17 astronomical objects, from galaxy clusters, nearby galaxies, globular clusters, to star-forming regions. A total of 24 hours observing time was allocated in the early months of operation, engaging the scientific community through an early public data release. We describe the development of the ERO pipeline to create visually compelling images while simultaneously meeting the scientific demands within months of launch, leveraging a pragmatic, data-driven development strategy. The pipeline's key requirements are to preserve the image quality and to provide flux calibration and photometry for compact and extended sources. The pipeline's five pillars are: removal of instrumental signatures; astrometric calibration; photometric calibration; image stacking; and the production of science-ready catalogues for both the VIS and NISP instruments. We report a PSF with a full width at half maximum of 0.16" in the optical and 0.49" in the three NIR bands. Our VIS mean absolute flux calibration is accurate to about 1%, and 10% for NISP due to a limited calibration set; both instruments have considerable colour terms. The median depth is 25.3 and 23.2 AB mag with a SNR of 10 for galaxies, and 27.1 and 24.5 AB mag at an SNR of 5 for point sources for VIS and NISP, respectively. Euclid's ability to observe diffuse emission is exceptional due to its extended PSF nearly matching a pure diffraction halo, the best ever achieved by a wide-field, high-resolution imaging telescope. Euclid offers unparalleled capabilities for exploring the LSB Universe across all scales, also opening a new observational window in the NIR. Median surface-brightness levels of 29.9 and 28.3 AB mag per square arcsec are achieved for VIS and NISP, respectively, for detecting a 10 arcsec x 10 arcsec extended feature at the 1 sigma level., Comment: Submitted to A&A, 44 pages, 36 figures - Part of the A&A special issue `Euclid on Sky', which contains Euclid key reference papers and first results from the Euclid Early Release Observations

Published
2024

4. Comprehensive Study of Radon Progeny Attachment to Surfaces

Author

Chernyak, D., Howell, J., Majumdar, D., Mukherjee, N., Nusair, O., and Piepke, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Low energy, low rate experiments, such as searches for neutrinoless double beta decay and dark matter, require unprecedentedly low levels of background in order to deliver their full science potential. $^{210}$Po driven, neutron induced background, caused by nuclear $(\alpha, n)$-reactions on low-Z materials, direct background contributions of the $^{210}$Po $\alpha$-radiation and desorption of the $^{210}$Pb progeny $^{210}$Bi from surfaces into the detector medium are of particular of concern. These backgrounds depend on details of the components' exposure to radon-loaded lab air and, thus, their handling history. The attachment rates of airborne radon progeny to surfaces, needed for the estimation of these background rates, are poorly understood. This article reports the results of a campaign comprising of more than 1200 attachment measurements, performed for 9 different materials. Correlations of the attachment with environmental parameters such as air exchange rate, electrical surface potential, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity have been studied and found to be significant only in case of the first two. Attachment modelling, using the Jacobi model, is compared to data.

Published
2023
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5. GOALS-JWST: Pulling Back the Curtain on the AGN and Star Formation in VV 114

Author

Rich, J., Aalto, S., Evans, A. S., Charmandaris, V., Privon, G. C., Lai, T., Inami, H., Linden, S., Armus, L., Diaz-Santos, T., Appleton, P., Barcos-Muñoz, L., Böker, T., Larson, K. L., Law, D. R., Malkan, M. A., Medling, A. M., Song, Y., U, V., van der Werf, P., Bohn, T., Brown, M. J. I., Finnerty, L., Hayward, C., Howell, J., Iwasawa, K., Kemper, F., Marshall, J., Mazzarella, J. M., McKinney, J., Muller-Sanchez, F., Murphy, E. J., Sanders, D., Soifer, B. T., Stierwalt, S., and Surace, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present results from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Director's Discretionary Time Early Release Science (ERS) program 1328 targeting the nearby, Luminous Infrared Galaxy (LIRG), VV 114. We use the MIRI and NIRSpec instruments to obtain integral-field spectroscopy of the heavily obscured Eastern nucleus (V114E) and surrounding regions. The spatially resolved, high-resolution, spectra reveal the physical conditions in the gas and dust over a projected area of 2-3 kpc that includes the two brightest IR sources, the NE and SW cores. Our observations show for the first time spectroscopic evidence that the SW core hosts an AGN as evidenced by its very low 6.2 {\mu}m and 3.3 {\mu}m PAH equivalent widths (0.12 and 0.017 {\mu}m respectively) and mid and near-IR colors. Our observations of the NE core show signs of deeply embedded star formation including absorption features due to aliphatic hydrocarbons, large quantities of amorphous silicates, as well as HCN due to cool gas along the line of sight. We detect elevated [Fe II]/Pf{\alpha} consistent with extended shocks coincident with enhanced emission from warm H$_{2}$, far from the IR-bright cores and clumps. We also identify broadening and multiple kinematic components in both H$_{2}$ and fine structure lines caused by outflows and previously identified tidal features., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL

Published
2023
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6. GOALS-JWST: Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Nucleus of NGC 7469

Author

Armus, L., Lai, T., U, V., Larson, K. L., Diaz-Santos, T., Evans, A. S., Malkan, M. A., Rich, J., Medling, A. M., law, D. R., Inami, H., Muller-Sanchez, F., Charmandaris, V., der Werf, P. can, Stierwalt, S., Linden, S., Privon, G. C., Barcos-Munoz, L., Hayward, C., Song, Y., Appleton, P., Aalto, S., Bohn, T., Boker, T., Brown, M. J. I., Finnerty, L., Howell, J., Iwasawa, K., Kemper, F., Marshall, J., Mazzarella, J. M., McKinney, J., Murphy, E. J., Sanders, D., and Surace, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present mid-infrared spectroscopic observations of the nucleus of the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 7469 taken with the MIRI instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) as part of Directors Discretionary Time Early Release Science (ERS) program 1328. The high resolution nuclear spectrum contains 19 emission lines covering a wide range of ionization. The high ionization lines show broad, blueshifted emission reaching velocities up to 1700 km s$^{-1}$ and FWHM ranging from $\sim500 - 1100$ km s$^{-1}$. The width of the broad emission and the broad to narrow line flux ratios correlate with ionization potential. The results suggest a decelerating, stratified, AGN driven outflow emerging from the nucleus. The estimated mass outflow rate is one to two orders of magnitude larger than the current black hole accretion rate needed to power the AGN. Eight pure rotational H$_{2}$ emission lines are detected with intrinsic widths ranging from FWHM $\sim 125-330$ km s$^{-1}$. We estimate a total mass of warm H$_{2}$ gas of $\sim1.2\times10^{7}$M$_{\odot}$ in the central 100 pc. The PAH features are extremely weak in the nuclear spectrum, but a $6.2\mu$m PAH feature with an equivalent width $\sim0.07\mu$m and a flux of $2.7\times10^{-17}$ W m$^{-2}$ is detected. The spectrum is steeply rising in the mid-infrared, with a silicate strength $\sim0.02$, significantly smaller than seen in most PG QSOs, but comparable to other Seyfert 1's. These early MIRI mid-infrared IFU data highlight the power of JWST to probe the multi-phase interstellar media surrounding actively accreting supermassive black holes.

Published
2022
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7. A Comparison between Nuclear Ring Star Formation in LIRGs and Normal Galaxies with the Very Large Array

Author

Song, Y., Linden, S. T., Evans, A. S., Barcos-Muñoz, L., Privon, G. C., Yoon, I., Murphy, E. J., Larson, K. L., Díaz-Santos, T., Armus, L., Mazzarella, Joseph M., Howell, J., Inami, H., Torres-Albà, N., U, V., Charmandaris, V., Momjian, E., McKinney, J., and Kunneriath, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Nuclear rings are excellent laboratories for studying intense star formation. We present results from a study of nuclear star-forming rings in five nearby normal galaxies from the Star Formation in Radio Survey (SFRS) and four local LIRGs from the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS) at sub-kpc resolutions using VLA high-frequency radio continuum observations. We find that nuclear ring star formation (NRSF) contributes 49 - 60\% of the total star formation of the LIRGs, compared to 7 - 40\% for the normal galaxies. We characterize a total of 58 individual star-forming regions in these rings, and find that with measured sizes of 10 - 200 pc, NRSF regions in the LIRGs have SFR and $\Sigma_\mathrm{SFR}$ up to 1.7 M$_\odot$yr$^{-1}$ and 402 M$_\odot$yr$^{-1}$kpc$^{-2}$, respectively, which are about 10 times higher than NRSF regions in the normal galaxies with similar sizes, and comparable to lensed high-$z$ star-forming regions. At $\sim 100 - 300$ pc scales, we estimate low contributions ($< 50\%$) of thermal free-free emission to total radio continuum emission at 33 GHz in the NRSF regions in the LIRGs, but large variations possibly exist at smaller physical scales. Finally, using archival sub-kpc resolution CO (J=1-0) data of nuclear rings in the normal galaxies and NGC 7469 (LIRG), we find a large scatter in gas depletion times at similar molecular gas surface densities, which tentatively points to a multi-modal star formation relation on sub-kpc scales., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2021
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8. Associations Between Primary Residence and Mental Health in Global Marginalized Populations

Author

Knutson, D., Irgens, M. S., Flynn, K. C., Norvilitis, J. M., Bauer, L. M., Berkessel, J. B., Cascalheira, C. J., Cera, J. L., Choi, N.-Y., Cuccolo, K., Danielson, D. K., Dascano, K. N., Edlund, J. E., Fletcher, T., Flinn, R. E., Gosnell, C. L., Heermans, G., Horne, M., Howell, J. L., Hua, J., Ijebor, E. E., Jia, F., McGillivray, S., Ogba, K. T. U., Shane-Simpson, C., Staples, A., Ugwu, C. F., Wang, S. C., Yockey, A., Zheng, Z., and Zlokovich, M. S.

Published
2023
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9. Higher CSF sTNFR1-related proteins associate with better prognosis in very early Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Hu, William T, Ozturk, Tugba, Kollhoff, Alexander, Wharton, Whitney, and Christina Howell, J

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Biological Sciences, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Disorders, Aging, Clinical Research, Neurodegenerative, Neurosciences, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Biomarkers, Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins, Cognitive Dysfunction, Female, Humans, Male, Membrane Glycoproteins, Peptide Fragments, Prognosis, Receptors, Immunologic, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I, tau Proteins, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Abstract

Neuroinflammation is associated with Alzheimer's disease, but the application of cerebrospinal fluid measures of inflammatory proteins may be limited by overlapping pathways and relationships between them. In this work, we measure 15 cerebrospinal proteins related to microglial and T-cell functions, and show them to reproducibly form functionally-related groups within and across diagnostic categories in 382 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuro-imaging Initiative as well participants from two independent cohorts. We further show higher levels of proteins related to soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 are associated with reduced risk of conversion to dementia in the multi-centered (p = 0.027) and independent (p = 0.038) cohorts of people with mild cognitive impairment due to predicted Alzheimer's disease, while higher soluble TREM2 levels associated with slower decline in the dementia stage of Alzheimer's disease. These inflammatory proteins thus provide prognostic information independent of established Alzheimer's markers.

Published
2021

11. Star-forming Clumps in Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies

Author

Larson, K. L., Díaz-Santos, T., Armus, L., Privon, G. C., Linden, S. T., Evans, A. S., Howell, J., Charmandaris, V., U, V., Sanders, D. B., Stierwalt, S., Barcos-Muñoz, L., Rich, J., Medling, A., Cook, D., Oklopĉić, A., Murphy, E. J., and Bonfini, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present $HST$ narrow-band near-infrared imaging of Pa$\alpha$ and Pa$\beta$ emission of 48 local Luminous Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs) from the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS). These data allow us to measure the properties of 810 spatially resolved star-forming regions (59 nuclei and 751 extra-nuclear clumps), and directly compare their properties to those found in both local and high-redshift star-forming galaxies. We find that in LIRGs, the star-forming clumps have radii ranging from $\sim90-900$ pc and star formation rates (SFRs) of $\sim1\times10^{-3}$ to 10 M$_\odot$yr$^{-1}$, with median values for extra-nuclear clumps of 170 pc and 0.03 M$_\odot$yr$^{-1}$. The detected star-forming clumps are young, with a median stellar age of $8.7$ Myrs, and a median stellar mass of $5\times10^{5}$ M$_\odot$. The SFRs span the range of those found in normal local star-forming galaxies to those found in high-redshift star-forming galaxies at $\rm{z}=1-3$. The luminosity function of the LIRG clumps has a flatter slope than found in lower-luminosity, star-forming galaxies, indicating a relative excess of luminous star-forming clumps. In order to predict the possible range of star-forming histories and gas fractions, we compare the star-forming clumps to those measured in the MassiveFIRE high-resolution cosmological simulation. The star-forming clumps in MassiveFIRE cover the same range of SFRs and sizes found in the local LIRGs and have total gas fractions that extend from 10 to 90%. If local LIRGs are similar to these simulated galaxies, we expect future observations with ALMA will find a large range of gas fractions, and corresponding star formation efficiencies, among the star-forming clumps in LIRGs.

Published
2019
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12. A Very Large Array Survey of Luminous Extranuclear Star-forming Regions in Luminous Infrared Galaxies in GOALS

Author

Linden, S. T., Song, Y., Evans, A. S., Murphy, E. J., Armus, L., Barcos-Muñoz, L., Larson, K., Díaz-Santos, T., Privon, G. C., Howell, J., Surace, J. A., Charmandaris, V., U, V., Medling, A. M., Chu, J., and Momjian, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present the first results of a high-resolution Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) imaging survey of luminous and ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS). From the full sample of 68 galaxies, we have selected 25 LIRGs that show resolved extended emission at sufficient sensitivity to image individual regions of star-formation activity beyond the nucleus.~With wideband radio continuum observations, which sample the frequency range from $3-33$ GHz, we have made extinction-free measurements of the luminosities and spectral indicies for a total of 48 individual star-forming regions identified as having de-projected galactocentric radii ($r_{G}$) that lie outside the 13.2$\mu$m core of the galaxy.~The median $3-33$ GHz spectral index and 33 GHz thermal fraction measured for these "extranuclear" regions is $-0.51 \pm 0.13$ and $65 \pm 11\%$ respectively.~These values are consistent with measurements made on matched spatial scales in normal star-forming galaxies, and suggests that these regions are more heavily-dominated by thermal free-free emission relative to the centers of local ULIRGs.~Further, we find that the median star-formation rate derived for these regions is $\sim 1 M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, and when we place them on the sub-galactic star-forming main sequence of galaxies (SFMS), we find they are offset from their host galaxies' globally-averaged specific star-formation rates (sSFRs).~We conclude that while nuclear starburst activity drives LIRGs above the SFMS, extranuclear star-formation still proceeds in a more extreme fashion relative to what is seen in local spiral galaxies., Comment: 16 pages, 9 Figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

Published
2019
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13. Author Correction: Self-administered mindfulness interventions reduce stress in a large, randomized controlled multi-site study(Nature Human Behaviour, 10.1038/s41562-024-01907-7)

Author

Sparacio A., Sparacio, A, Ijzerman, H, Ropovik, I, Giorgini, F, Spiessens, C, Uchino, B, Landvatter, J, Tacana, T, Diller, S, Derrick, J, Segundo, J, Pierce, J, Ross, R, Francis, Z, Laboucane, A, Ma-Kellams, C, Ford, M, Schmidt, K, Wong, C, Higgins, W, Stone, B, Stanley, S, Ribeiro, G, Fuglestad, P, Jaklin, V, Kübler, A, Ziebell, P, Jewell, C, Kovas, Y, Allahghadri, M, Fransham, C, Baranski, M, Burgess, H, Benz, A, Desousa, M, Nylin, C, Brooks, J, Goldsmith, C, Benson, J, Griffin, S, Dunne, S, Davis, W, Watermeyer, T, Meese, W, Howell, J, Standiford Reyes, L, Strickland, M, Dickerson, S, Pescatore, S, Skakoon-Sparling, S, Wunder, Z, Day, M, Brenton, S, Linden, A, Hawk, C, O'Brien, L, Urgyen, T, Mcdonald, J, van der Schans, K, Blocker, H, Ng Tseung-Wong, C, Jiga-Boy, G, Sparacio A., IJzerman H., Ropovik I., Giorgini F., Spiessens C., Uchino B. N., Landvatter J., Tacana T., Diller S. J., Derrick J. L., Segundo J., Pierce J. D., Ross R. M., Francis Z., LaBoucane A., Ma-Kellams C., Ford M. B., Schmidt K., Wong C. C., Higgins W. C., Stone B. M., Stanley S. K., Ribeiro G., Fuglestad P. T., Jaklin V., Kübler A., Ziebell P., Jewell C. L., Kovas Y., Allahghadri M., Fransham C., Baranski M. F., Burgess H., Benz A. B. E., DeSousa M., Nylin C. E., Brooks J. C., Goldsmith C. M., Benson J. M., Griffin S. M., Dunne S., Davis W. E., Watermeyer T. J., Meese W. B., Howell J. L., Standiford Reyes L., Strickland M. G., Dickerson S. S., Pescatore S., Skakoon-Sparling S., Wunder Z. I., Day M. V., Brenton S., Linden A. H., Hawk C. E., O'Brien L. V., Urgyen T., McDonald J. S., van der Schans K. L., Blocker H., Ng Tseung-Wong C., Jiga-Boy G. M., Sparacio A., Sparacio, A, Ijzerman, H, Ropovik, I, Giorgini, F, Spiessens, C, Uchino, B, Landvatter, J, Tacana, T, Diller, S, Derrick, J, Segundo, J, Pierce, J, Ross, R, Francis, Z, Laboucane, A, Ma-Kellams, C, Ford, M, Schmidt, K, Wong, C, Higgins, W, Stone, B, Stanley, S, Ribeiro, G, Fuglestad, P, Jaklin, V, Kübler, A, Ziebell, P, Jewell, C, Kovas, Y, Allahghadri, M, Fransham, C, Baranski, M, Burgess, H, Benz, A, Desousa, M, Nylin, C, Brooks, J, Goldsmith, C, Benson, J, Griffin, S, Dunne, S, Davis, W, Watermeyer, T, Meese, W, Howell, J, Standiford Reyes, L, Strickland, M, Dickerson, S, Pescatore, S, Skakoon-Sparling, S, Wunder, Z, Day, M, Brenton, S, Linden, A, Hawk, C, O'Brien, L, Urgyen, T, Mcdonald, J, van der Schans, K, Blocker, H, Ng Tseung-Wong, C, Jiga-Boy, G, Sparacio A., IJzerman H., Ropovik I., Giorgini F., Spiessens C., Uchino B. N., Landvatter J., Tacana T., Diller S. J., Derrick J. L., Segundo J., Pierce J. D., Ross R. M., Francis Z., LaBoucane A., Ma-Kellams C., Ford M. B., Schmidt K., Wong C. C., Higgins W. C., Stone B. M., Stanley S. K., Ribeiro G., Fuglestad P. T., Jaklin V., Kübler A., Ziebell P., Jewell C. L., Kovas Y., Allahghadri M., Fransham C., Baranski M. F., Burgess H., Benz A. B. E., DeSousa M., Nylin C. E., Brooks J. C., Goldsmith C. M., Benson J. M., Griffin S. M., Dunne S., Davis W. E., Watermeyer T. J., Meese W. B., Howell J. L., Standiford Reyes L., Strickland M. G., Dickerson S. S., Pescatore S., Skakoon-Sparling S., Wunder Z. I., Day M. V., Brenton S., Linden A. H., Hawk C. E., O'Brien L. V., Urgyen T., McDonald J. S., van der Schans K. L., Blocker H., Ng Tseung-Wong C., and Jiga-Boy G. M.

Published
2024

14. C-GOALS II. Chandra Observations of the Lower Luminosity Sample of Nearby Luminous Infrared Galaxies in GOALS

Author

Torres-Albà, N., Iwasawa, K., Díaz-Santos, T., Charmandaris, V., Ricci, C., Chu, J. K., Sanders, D. B., Armus, L., Barcos-Muñoz, L., Evans, A. S., Howell, J. H., Inami, H., Linden, S. T., Medling, A. M., Privon, G. C., U, V., and Yoon, I.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We analyze Chandra X-ray observatory data for a sample of 63 luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), sampling the lower-infrared luminosity range of the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG survey (GOALS), which includes the most luminous infrared selected galaxies in the local universe. X-rays are detected for 84 individual galaxies within the 63 systems, for which arcsecond resolution X-ray images, fluxes, infrared and X-ray luminosities, spectra and radial profiles are presented. Using X-ray and MIR selection criteria, we find AGN in (31$\pm$5)% of the galaxy sample, compared to the (38$\pm$6)% previously found for GOALS galaxies with higher infrared luminosities (C-GOALS I). Using mid-infrared data, we find that (59$\pm$9)% of the X-ray selected AGN in the full C-GOALS sample do not contribute significantly to the bolometric luminosity of the host galaxy. Dual AGN are detected in two systems, implying a dual AGN fraction in systems that contain at least one AGN of (29$\pm$14)%, compared to the (11$\pm$10)% found for the C-GOALS I sample. Through analysis of radial profiles, we derive that most sources, and almost all AGN, in the sample are compact, with half of the soft X-ray emission generated within the inner $\sim 1$ kpc. For most galaxies, the soft X-ray sizes of the sources are comparable to those of the MIR emission. We also find that the hard X-ray faintness previously reported for the bright C-GOALS I sources is also observed in the brightest LIRGs within the sample, with $L_{\rm FIR}>8\times10^{10}$ L$_{\odot}$., Comment: 24 pages, 13 figures, 11 tables, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2018
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15. The AKARI 2.5-5 Micron Spectra of Luminous Infrared Galaxies in the Local Universe

Author

Inami, H., Armus, L., Matsuhara, H., Charmandaris, V., Diaz-Santos, T., Surace, J., Stierwalt, S., Ohyama, Y., Howell, J., Marshall, J., Evans, A. S., Linden, S. T., and Mazzarella, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present AKARI 2.5-5um spectra of 145 local luminous infrared galaxies in the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey. In all of the spectra, we measure the line fluxes and EQWs of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) at 3.3um and the hydrogen recombination line Br-alpha, with apertures matched to the slit sizes of the Spitzer spectrograph and with an aperture covering ~95% of the total flux in the AKARI 2D spectra. The star formation rates (SFRs) derived from Br-alpha measured in the latter aperture agree well with SFRs(LIR), when the dust extinction correction is adopted based on the 9.7um absorption feature. Together with the Spitzer spectra, we are able to compare the 3.3 and 6.2um PAH features, the two most commonly used near/mid-IR indicators of starburst (SB) or active galactic nucleus (AGN) dominated galaxies. We find that the 3.3 and 6.2um PAH EQWs do not follow a linear correlation and at least 1/3 of galaxies classified as AGN-dominated using 3.3um PAH are classified as starbursts based on 6.2um PAH. These galaxies have a bluer continuum slope than galaxies that are indicated to be SB-dominated by both PAH features. The bluer continuum emission suggests that their continuum is dominated by stellar emission rather than hot dust. We also find that the median Spitzer spectra of these sources are remarkably similar to the pure SB-dominated sources indicated by high PAH EQWs in both 3.3 and 6.2um. We propose a revised SB/AGN diagnostic diagram using 2-5um data. We also use the AKARI and Spitzer spectra to examine the performance of our new diagnostics and to estimate 3.3um PAH fluxes using the JWST photometric bands in 03.5, because the rest of the features at longer wavelengths fall outside the JWST wavelength coverage., Comment: 13 pages (without appendices), 12 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2018
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16. Analysis of June 2, 2016 bolide event

Author

Palotai, Csaba, Sankar, Ramanakumar, Free, Dwayne L., Howell, J. Andreas, Botella, Elena, and Batcheldor, Daniel

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

On June 2, 2016 at 10h56m UTC, a $-20.4 \pm 0.2$ magnitude superbolide was observed over Arizona. Fragments were located a few days later and the meteorites were given the name Dishchii'bikoh. We present analysis of this event based on 3 cameras and a multi-spectral sensor observations by the SkySentinel continuous fireball-monitoring camera network, supplemented by a dash cam footage and a fragmentation model. The bolide began its luminous flight at an altitude of $100.2 \pm 0.4$ km at coordinates $\phi = 34.555 \pm 0.002^\circ$N planetographic latitude and $\lambda = 110.459 \pm 0.002^\circ$W longitude, and it had a pre-atmospheric velocity of $17.4 \pm 0.3$ km/s. The calculated orbital parameters indicate that the meteoroid did not belong to any presently known asteroid family. From our calculations, the impacting object had an initial mass of $14.8 \pm 1.7$ metric tonnes with an estimated initial diameter of $2.03 \pm 0.12$ m., Comment: 12 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2018
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17. The zwicky transient facility: Science objectives

Author

Graham, MJ, Kulkarni, SR, Bellm, EC, Adams, SM, Barbarino, C, Blagorodnova, N, Bodewits, D, Bolin, B, Brady, PR, Cenko, SB, Chang, CK, Coughlin, MW, Kishalay De, K, Eadie, G, Farnham, TL, Feindt, U, Franckowiak, A, Fremling, C, Gezari, S, Ghosh, S, Goldstein, DA, Golkhou, VZ, Goobar, A, Ho, AYQ, Huppenkothen, D, Ivezić, Ž, Jones, RL, Juric, M, Kaplan, DL, Kasliwal, MM, Kelley, MSP, Kupfer, T, Lee, CD, Lin, HW, Lunnan, R, Mahabal, AA, Miller, AA, Ngeow, CC, Nugent, P, Ofek, EO, Prince, TA, Rauch, L, Van Roestel, J, Schulze, S, Singer, LP, Sollerman, J, Taddia, F, Yan, L, Ye, QZ, Yu, PC, Barlow, T, Bauer, J, Beck, R, Belicki, J, Biswas, R, Brinnel, V, Brooke, T, Bue, B, Bulla, M, Burruss, R, Connolly, A, Cromer, J, Cunningham, V, Dekany, R, Delacroix, A, Desai, V, Duev, DA, Feeney, M, Flynn, D, Frederick, S, Gal-Yam, A, Giomi, M, Groom, S, Hacopians, E, Hale, D, Helou, G, Henning, J, Hover, D, Hillenbrand, LA, Howell, J, Hung, T, Imel, D, Ip, WH, Jackson, E, Kaspi, S, Kaye, S, Kowalski, M, Kramer, E, Kuhn, M, Landry, W, Laher, RR, Mao, P, Masci, FJ, Monkewitz, S, Murphy, P, Nordin, J, Patterson, MT, Penprase, B, Porter, M, and Rebbapragada, U

Subjects
(stars:) supernovae: general, surveys, (galaxies:) quasars: general, astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.HE, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), a public–private enterprise, is a new time-domain survey employing a dedicated camera on the Palomar 48-inch Schmidt telescope with a 47 deg2 field of view and an 8 second readout time. It is well positioned in the development of time-domain astronomy, offering operations at 10% of the scale and style of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) with a single 1-m class survey telescope. The public surveys will cover the observable northern sky every three nights in g and r filters and the visible Galactic plane every night in g and r. Alerts generated by these surveys are sent in real time to brokers. A consortium of universities that provided funding (“partnership”) are undertaking several boutique surveys. The combination of these surveys producing one million alerts per night allows for exploration of transient and variable astrophysical phenomena brighter than r∼20.5 on timescales of minutes to years. We describe the primary science objectives driving ZTF, including the physics of supernovae and relativistic explosions, multi-messenger astrophysics, supernova cosmology, active galactic nuclei, and tidal disruption events, stellar variability, and solar system objects.

Published
2019

18. Linked CSF reduction of phosphorylated tau and IL-8 in HIV associated neurocognitive disorder.

Author

Ozturk, Tugba, Kollhoff, Alexander, Anderson, Albert M, Christina Howell, J, Loring, David W, Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna, Franklin, Donald, Letendre, Scott, Tyor, William R, and Hu, William T

Subjects
Humans, HIV Infections, Alzheimer Disease, tau Proteins, Interleukin-8, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Phosphorylation, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Chemokine CXCL10, Biomarkers
Abstract

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a common condition in both developed and developing nations, but its cause is largely unknown. Previous research has inconsistently linked Alzheimer's disease (AD), viral burden, and inflammation to the onset of HAND in HIV-infected individuals. Here we simultaneously measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of established amyloid and tau biomarkers for AD, viral copy numbers, and six key cytokines in 41 HIV-infected individuals off combination anti-retroviral therapy (14 with HAND) who underwent detailed clinical and neuropsychological characterization, and compared their CSF patterns with those from young healthy subjects, older healthy subjects with normal cognition, and older people with AD. HAND was associated with the lowest CSF levels of phosphorylated tau (p-Tau181) after accounting for age and race. We also found very high CSF levels of the pro-inflammatory interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10/CXCL10) in HIV regardless of cognition, but elevated CSF interleukin 8 (IL-8/CXCL8) only in HIV-NC but not HAND. Eleven HIV-infected subjects underwent repeat CSF collection six months later and showed strongly correlated longitudinal changes in p-Tau181 and IL-8 levels (R = 0.841). These data suggest reduced IL-8 relative to IP-10 and reduced p-Tau181 to characterize HAND.

Published
2019

19. The Creston, California, meteorite fall and the origin of L chondrites

Author

Jenniskens, Peter, Utas, Jason, Yin, Qing‐Zhu, Matson, Robert D, Fries, Marc, Howell, J Andreas, Free, Dwayne, Albers, Jim, Devillepoix, Hadrien, Bland, Phil, Miller, Aaron, Verish, Robert, Garvie, Laurence AJ, Zolensky, Michael E, Ziegler, Karen, Sanborn, Matthew E, Verosub, Kenneth L, Rowland, Douglas J, Ostrowski, Daniel R, Bryson, Kathryn, Laubenstein, Matthias, Zhou, Qin, Li, Qiu‐Li, Li, Xian‐Hua, Liu, Yu, Tang, Guo‐Qiang, Welten, Kees, Caffee, Marc W, Meier, Matthias MM, Plant, Amy A, Maden, Colin, Busemann, Henner, and Granvik, Mikael

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geochemistry & Geophysics
Abstract

It has been proposed that all L chondrites resulted from an ongoing collisional cascade of fragments that originated from the formation of the ~500 Ma old asteroid family Gefion, located near the 5:2 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter in the middle Main Belt. If so, L chondrite pre-atmospheric orbits should be distributed as expected for that source region. Here, we present contradictory results from the orbit and collisional history of the October 24, 2015, L6 ordinary chondrite fall at Creston, CA (here reclassified to L5/6). Creston's short 1.30 ± 0.02 AU semimajor axis orbit would imply a long dynamical evolution if it originated from the middle Main Belt. Indeed, Creston has a high cosmic ray exposure age of 40–50 Ma. However, Creston's small meteoroid size and low 4.23 ± 0.07° inclination indicate a short dynamical lifetime against collisions. This suggests, instead, that Creston originated most likely in the inner asteroid belt and was delivered via the ν 6 resonance. The U-Pb systematics of Creston apatite reveals a Pb-Pb age of 4,497.1 ± 3.7 Ma, and an upper intercept U-Pb age of 4,496.7 ± 5.8 Ma (2σ), circa 70 Ma after formation of CAI, as found for other L chondrites. The K-Ar (age ~4.3 Ga) and U,Th-He (age ~1 Ga) chronometers were not reset at ~500 Ma, while the lower intercept U-Pb age is poorly defined as 770 ± 320 Ma. So far, the three known L chondrites that impacted on orbits with semimajor axes a 3 Ga) K-Ar ages. This argues for a source of some of our L chondrites in the inner Main Belt. Not all L chondrites originate in a continuous population of Gefion family debris stretching across the 3:1 mean-motion resonance.

Published
2019

20. The zwicky transient facility: System overview, performance, and first results

Author

Bellm, EC, Kulkarni, SR, Graham, MJ, Dekany, R, Smith, RM, Riddle, R, Masci, FJ, Helou, G, Prince, TA, Adams, SM, Barbarino, C, Barlow, T, Bauer, J, Beck, R, Belicki, J, Biswas, R, Blagorodnova, N, Bodewits, D, Bolin, B, Brinnel, V, Brooke, T, Bue, B, Bulla, M, Burruss, R, Cenko, SB, Chang, CK, Connolly, A, Coughlin, M, Cromer, J, Cunningham, V, De, K, Delacroix, A, Desai, V, Duev, DA, Eadie, G, Farnham, TL, Feeney, M, Feindt, U, Flynn, D, Franckowiak, A, Frederick, S, Fremling, C, Gal-Yam, A, Gezari, S, Giomi, M, Goldstein, DA, Golkhou, VZ, Goobar, A, Groom, S, Hacopians, E, Hale, D, Henning, J, Ho, AYQ, Hover, D, Howell, J, Hung, T, Huppenkothen, D, Imel, D, Ip, WH, Ivezić, Ž, Jackson, E, Jones, L, Juric, M, Kasliwal, MM, Kaspi, S, Kaye, S, Kelley, MSP, Kowalski, M, Kramer, E, Kupfer, T, Landry, W, Laher, RR, Lee, CD, Lin, HW, Lin, ZY, Lunnan, R, Mahabal, A, Mao, P, Miller, AA, Monkewitz, S, Murphy, P, Ngeow, CC, Nordin, J, Nugent, P, Ofek, E, Patterson, MT, Penprase, B, Porter, M, Rauch, L, Rebbapragada, U, Reiley, D, Rigault, M, Rodriguez, H, van Roestel, J, Rusholme, B, van Santen, J, Schulze, S, Shupe, DL, and Singer, LP

Subjects
instrumentation: photometers, telescopes, astro-ph.IM, Astronomical And Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) is a new optical time-domain survey that uses the Palomar 48 inch Schmidt telescope. A custom-built wide-field camera provides a 47 deg 2 field of view and 8 s readout time, yielding more than an order of magnitude improvement in survey speed relative to its predecessor survey, the Palomar Transient Factory. We describe the design and implementation of the camera and observing system. The ZTF data system at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center provides near-real-time reduction to identify moving and varying objects. We outline the analysis pipelines, data products, and associated archive. Finally, we present on-sky performance analysis and first scientific results from commissioning and the early survey. ZTF’s public alert stream will serve as a useful precursor for that of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope.

Published
2019

21. The Single-Phase ProtoDUNE Technical Design Report

Author

Abi, B., Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adamowski, M., Adams, C., Adams, D. L., Adamson, P., Adinolfi, M., Ahmad, Z., Albright, C. H., Alion, T., Anderson, J., Anderson, K., Andreopoulos, C., Andrews, M. P., Andrews, R. A., Anjos, J. dos, Ankowski, A., Anthony, J., Antonello, M., Fernandez, A. Aranda, Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Diaz, E. Arrieta, Asaadi, J., Ascencio, M., Asner, D. M., Athar, M. S., Auger, M., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Azfar, F., Back, J. J., Back, H. O., Backhouse, C., Bai, X., Baird, M., Balantekin, A. B., Balasubramanian, S., Baller, B., Ballett, P., Bambah, B., Band, H., Bansal, M., Bansal, S., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Monarca, J. Barranco, Barros, N., Bashyal, A., Bass, M., Bay, F., Bazo, J. L., Beacom, J. F., Behera, B. R., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benekos, N., Benetti, P. A., Bercellie, A., Berman, E., Berns, H., Bernstein, R., Bertolucci, S., Bhatnagar, V., Bhuyan, B., Bian, J., Biery, K., Bishai, M., Bitadze, A., Blackburn, T., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blaufuss, E., Blazey, G. C., Blennow, M., Blucher, E., Bocean, V., Boffelli, F., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bonesini, M., Boone, T., Booth, C., Bordoni, S., Bour, P., Bourguille, B., Boyd, S. B., Boyden, D., Brailsford, D., Brandt, A., Bremer, J., Brice, S. J., Bromberg, C., Brooijmans, G., Brown, G., Brunetti, G., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Calafiura, P., Calatayud, A., Calligarich, E., Calvo, E., Camilleri, L., Campanelli, M., Cantini, C., Carls, B., Cascella, M., Catano-Mur, E., Cavaili-Sforza, M., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., Villanueva, A. Cervera, Cervi, T., Chalifour, M., Chappuis, A., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chaussard, L., Chembra, S., Chen, H., Chen, M., Cherdack, D., Chi, C., Childress, S., Choubey, S., Choudhary, B. C., Christodoulou, G., Christofferson, C., Church, E., Coan, T. E., Cocco, A., Cole, P., Collin, G., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., Corey, R., Corwin, L., Crespo-Anadón, J. I., Prats, J. Creus, Crivelli, P., Cronin-Hennessy, D., Crowley, C., Curioni, A., Cussans, D., da Motta, H., Dale, D., Davenne, T., Davies, G. S., Davies, J., Dawson, J., De, K., De Bonis, I., De Gouvea, A., de Holanda, P. C., De Jong, P., De Lurgio, P., de Vries, J. J., Decowski, M. P., Dedin-Neto, P., Delbart, A., Delepine, D., Delgado, M., Demuth, D., Dennis, S., Densham, C., Dharmapalan, R., Dhingra, N., Diamantopoulou, M., Diaz, J. S., Bautista, G. Diaz, Ding, P., Diwan, M., Djurcic, Z., Dolinski, M. J., Drake, G., Duchesneau, D., Dutta, D., Duvernois, M., Duyang, H., Dwyer, D. A., Dye, S., Dyshkant, A. S., Dytman, S., Eads, M., Eberly, B., Edmunds, D., Elliott, S., Ellsworth, W. M., Elnimr, M., Emery, S., Eno, S., Ereditato, A., Escobar, C. O., Sanchez, L. Escudero, Evans, J. J., Fahey, K., Falcone, A., Falk, L., Farbin, A., Farnese, C., Farzan, Y., Fasoli, M., Fava, A., Felix, J., Menendez, P. Fernandez, Fernandez-Martinez, E., Fields, L., Filthaut, F., Finch, A., Fitton, M., Fleming, B. T., Forest, T., Fowler, J., Fox, W., Freeman, J., Freestone, J., Friant, D., Fried, J., Friedland, A., Fuess, S., Fujikawa, B., Gago, A., Gallagher, H., Galvin, S., Galymov, S., Gamble, T., Gandhi, R., Gao, S., Garcia-Gamez, D., Gardiner, S., Gastler, D., Gendotti, A., Gibin, D., Gil-Botella, I., Gill, R., Giri, A. K., Goeldi, D., Gold, M., Gollapinni, S., Gomes, R. A., Cadenas, J. J. Gomez, Goodman, M. C., Gorbunov, D., Goswami, S., Graf, N., Graham, M., Gramelini, E., Gran, R., Grant, C., Grant, N., Greco, V., Greenlee, H., Greenler, L., Groh, M., Grzelak, K., Guardincerri, E., Guarino, V., Guedes, G. P., Guenette, R., Guglielmi, A., Guthikonda, K. K., Guzzo, M. M., Habig, A. T., Hackenburg, A., Hackenburg, R. W., Hadavand, H., Haenni, R., Hahn, A., Haigh, M. D., Haines, T., Hamernik, T., Hamilton, P., Handler, T., Hans, S., Harris, D., Hartnell, J., Hasegawa, T., Hatcher, R., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hays, S., Hazen, E., Headley, M., Heavey, A., Heeger, K. M., Heise, J., Hennessy, K., Henry, S., Hernandez-Garcia, J., Hewes, V, Higuera, A., Hill, T., Himmel, A., Holin, A., Hoppe, E. W., Horikawa, S., Horton-Smith, G., Hostert, M., Hourlier, A., Howard, B., Howell, J., Hugon, J., Hurh, P., Huston, J., Hylen, J., Insler, J., Introzzi, G., Ioannisian, A., Izmaylov, A., Jaffe, D. E., James, C., James, E., Jang, C. H., Jediny, F., Jen, C., Jhingan, A., Jiménez, S., Johnson, M., Johnson, R., Johnstone, J., Joshi, J., Jostlein, H., Jung, C. K., Junk, T., Kaboth, A., Kadenko, I., Kamyshkov, Y., Karagiorgi, G., Karasavvas, D., Karyotakis, Y., Kaur, P., Kayser, B., Kazaryan, N., Kearns, E., Keener, P. T., Kemp, E., Kendziora, C., Ketchum, W., Kettell, S. H., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kirby, B., Kirby, M., Klein, J., Ko, Y. J., Kobilarcik, T., Kocaman, B., Koerner, L. W., Kohn, S., Koizumi, G., Kopylov, A., Kordosky, M., Kormos, L., Kose, U., Kostelecký, V. A., Kramer, M., Kreslo, I., Kriesel, K., Kropp, W., Kudenko, Y., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kulagin, S., Kumar, A., Kumar, J., Kumar, L., Kus, V., Kutter, T., Lande, K., Lane, C., Lang, K., Langford, T., Lanni, F., Laundrie, A., Le, T., Learned, J., Lebrun, P., Lee, D., Lee, W. M., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Li, Q. Z., Li, S., Li, S. W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Lin, C. S., Lin, S., Linehan, R., Link, J., Liptak, Z., Lissauer, D., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, J., Liu, Q., Liu, T., Lockwitz, S., Lockyer, N., Loew, T., Lokajicek, M., LoMonaco, L., Long, K., Loo, K., Lopez, J. P., Lorca, D., LoSecco, J. M., Louis, W., Luethi, M., Luk, K. B., Lundin, T., Luo, X., Lux, T., Lykken, J., Maalampi, J., Machado, A. A., Macias, C. T., Macier, J. R., MacLellan, R., Magill, S., Mahler, G., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Mammoliti, F., Mandal, S. K., Mandodi, S., Manly, S., Mann, A., Marchionni, A., Marciano, W., Marfatia, D., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marino, A. D., Marshak, M., Marshall, C. M., Marshall, J., Marteau, J., Martin-Albo, J., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Masud, M., Matsuno, S., Matthews, J., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazza, R., Mazzacane, A., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McCluskey, E., McConkey, N., McDonald, K. T., McFarland, K. S., McGivern, C., McGowan, A. M., McGrew, C., McGuinness, S. R., McKeown, R., McNulty, D., McTaggart, R., Mefodiev, A., Mehta, P., Mei, D., Mena, O., Menary, S., Mendez, D. P., Mendez, H., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Messier, M., Metcalf, W., Mewes, M., Meyer, H., Miao, T., Milincic, R., Miller, W., Mills, G., Mineev, O., Miranda, O. G., Mishra, C. S., Mishra, S. R., Mitrica, B., Mladenov, D., Mocioiu, I., Moffat, K., Mohanta, R., Mokhov, N., Bueno, L. Molina, Montanari, C., Montanari, D., Moon, J., Mooney, M., Moore, C. D., Morgan, B., Morris, C., Morse, W., Mossey, C., Moura, C. A., Mousseau, J., Mualem, L., Muether, M., Mufson, S., Murphy, S., Musser, J., Nakajima, Y., Naples, D., Navarro, J., Navas-Nicolás, D., Nelson, J., Nessi, M., Newbold, D., Newcomer, M., Nguyen, K. T. T., Nichol, R., Nicholls, T. C., Niner, E., Norman, A., Norris, B., Novakova, P., Novella, P., Nowak, E., Nowak, J., Nunes, M. S., O'Keeffe, H., Del Campo, A. Olivares, Oliveira, R., Olivier, A., Onishchuk, Y., Ovsjannikova, T., Pakvasa, S., Palamara, O., Paley, J., Palomares, C., Pantic, E., Paolone, V., Papadimitriou, V., Paramesvaran, S., Park, J., Parke, S., Parsa, Z., Pascoli, S., Pasternak, J., Pater, J., Patterson, R. B., Patton, S. J., Patzak, T., Paulos, B., Paulucci, L., Pavlovic, Z., Pawloski, G., Payne, D., Peeters, S. J. M., Pennacchio, E., Perdue, G. N., Peres, O. L. G., Periale, L., Perkin, J. D., Petridis, K., Petti, R., Petukhov, A., Picchi, P., Pietropaolo, F., Plonski, P., Plunkett, R., Poling, R., Popovic, M., Pordes, R., Pordes, S., Potekhin, M., Potenza, R., Potukuchi, B., Poudel, S., Pozimski, J., Prokofiev, O., Pruthi, N., Przewlocki, P., Pumulo, N., Pushka, D., Qian, X., Raaf, J. L., Raboanary, R., Radeka, V., Rademacker, J., Radics, B., Radovic, A., Rakhno, I., Rakotondramanana, H. T., Rakotondravohitra, L., Ramachers, Y. A., Rameika, R., Ramsey, J., Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G., Ratoff, P., Rebel, B., Regenfus, C., Reichenbacher, J., Reitzner, S. D., Remoto, A., Renshaw, A., Rescia, S., Rice, L., Rielage, K., Riesselmann, K., Rivera, D., Robinson, M., Rochester, L., Rodrigues, O. B., Rodrigues, P., Roe, B., Roser, R. M., Ross-Lonergan, M., Rossella, M., Rout, J., Roy, S., Rubbia, A., Rubbia, C., Rucinski, R., von Rohr, C. Rudolph, Russell, B., Ruterbories, D., Saakyan, R., Sachdev, K., Sahu, N., Sala, P., Samios, N., Sanchez, F., Sanchez, M. C., Sands, W. R., Santana, S., Santorelli, R., Santos, L. M., Santucci, G., Saoulidou, N., Savage, G., Scaramelli, A., Scarpelli, A., Schaffer, T., Schellman, H., Schlabach, P., Schmitz, D., Schneps, J., Scholberg, K., Schukraft, A., Segreto, E., Sehrawat, S., Sepulveda-Quiroz, J. A., Sergiampietri, F., Sexton, K., Sexton-Kennedy, L., Shaevitz, M. H., Shahi, J., Shahsavarani, S., Shanahan, P., Sharma, R., Sharma, R. K., Shaw, T., Shooltz, D., Shrock, R., Simos, N., Sinclair, J., Sinev, G., Singh, I., Singh, J., Singh, V., Sippach, F. W., Siyeon, K., Smith, A., Smith, P., Smolik, J., Smy, M., Snider, E., Snopok, P., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H., Soderberg, M., Solomey, N., Sondheim, W., Sorel, M., Sousa, A., Soustruznik, K., Spanu, M., Spitz, J., Spooner, N. J. C., Stancari, M., Stefan, D., Stefanik, A., Steiner, H. M., Stewart, J., Stock, J., Stoica, S., Stone, J., Strait, J., Strait, M., Strauss, T., Striganov, S., Sulej, R., Sullivan, G., Sun, Y., Suter, L., Sutera, C. M., Svoboda, R., Szczerbinska, B., Szelc, A. M., Söldner-Rembold, S., Talaga, R., Tariq, S., Tatar, E., Tayloe, R., Terao, K., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Thomson, M., Thorn, C., Thorpe, M., Tian, X., Tiedt, D., Timm, S. C., Todd, J., Tonazzo, A., Tope, T., Torres, F. R., Torti, M., Tortola, M., Tortorici, F., Toups, M., Touramanis, C., Trevor, J., Tripathi, M., Tropin, I., Trzaska, W. H., Tsai, Y., Tsang, K. V., Tsaris, A., Tsenov, R., Tufanli, S., Tull, C., Turner, J., Tzanov, M., Tziaferi, E., Uchida, Y., Sankar, S. Uma, Urheim, J., Usher, T., Vagins, M. R., Vahle, P., Valdiviesso, G. A., Valerio, L., Vallari, Z., Valle, J., Van Berg, R., Van de Water, R., Varanini, F., Varner, G., Vasseur, G., Vaziri, K., Velev, G., Ventura, S., Verdugo, A., Vermeulen, M. A., Vernon, E., Viant, T., Vieira, T. V., Vignoli, C., Vihonen, S., Vilela, C., Viren, B., Vokac, P., Vrba, T., Wachala, T., Wahl, D., Wallbank, M., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wang, T., Warburton, T. K., Warner, D., Wascko, M., Waters, D., Weber, A., Weber, M., Wei, W., Weinstein, A., Wenman, D., Wetstein, M., White, A., Whitehead, L. H., Whittington, D., Wilking, M. J., Willhite, J., Wilson, P., Wilson, R. J., Wittich, P., Wolcott, J., Wong, H. H., Wongjirad, T., Wood, K., Wood, L. S., Worcester, E., Worcester, M., Wu, S., Xu, W., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, S., Yang, T., Ye, J., Yeh, M., Yershov, N., Yonehara, K., Yu, B., Yu, J., Zalesak, J., Zambelli, L., Zamorano, B., Zang, L., Zani, A., Zaremba, K., Zeller, G. P., Zhang, C., Zhou, Y., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., Zuklin, J., Zutshi, V., and Zwaska, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

ProtoDUNE-SP is the single-phase DUNE Far Detector prototype that is under construction and will be operated at the CERN Neutrino Platform (NP) starting in 2018. ProtoDUNE-SP, a crucial part of the DUNE effort towards the construction of the first DUNE 10-kt fiducial mass far detector module (17 kt total LAr mass), is a significant experiment in its own right. With a total liquid argon (LAr) mass of 0.77 kt, it represents the largest monolithic single-phase LArTPC detector to be built to date. It's technical design is given in this report., Comment: 165 pages, fix references, author list and minor numbers

Published
2017

22. Test Beam Performance Measurements for the Phase I Upgrade of the CMS Pixel Detector

Author

Dragicevic, M., Friedl, M., Hrubec, J., Steininger, H., Gädda, A., Härkönen, J., Lampén, T., Luukka, P., Peltola, T., Tuominen, E., Tuovinen, E., Winkler, A., Eerola, P., Tuuva, T., Baulieu, G., Boudoul, G., Caponetto, L., Combaret, C., Contardo, D., Dupasquier, T., Gallbit, G., Lumb, N., Mirabito, L., Perries, S., Donckt, M. Vander, Viret, S., Bonnin, C., Charles, L., Gross, L., Hosselet, J., Tromson, D., Feld, L., Karpinski, W., Klein, K., Lipinski, M., Pierschel, G., Preuten, M., Rauch, M., Wlochal, M., Aldaya, M., Asawatangtrakuldee, C., Beernaert, K., Bertsche, D., Contreras-Campana, C., Eckerlin, G., Eckstein, D., Eichhorn, T., Gallo, E., Garcia, J. Garay, Hansen, K., Haranko, M., Harb, A., Hauk, J., Keaveney, J., Kalogeropoulos, A., Kleinwort, C., Lohmann, W., Mankel, R., Maser, H., Mittag, G., Muhl, C., Mussgiller, A., Pitzl, D., Reichelt, O., Savitskyi, M., Schütze, P., Sola, V., Spannagel, S., Walsh, R., Zuber, A., Biskop, H., Buhmann, P., Centis-Vignali, M., Garutti, E., Haller, J., Hoffmann, M., Klanner, R., Lapsien, T., Matysek, M., Perieanu, A., Scharf, Ch., Schleper, P., Schmidt, A., Schwandt, J., Sonneveld, J., Steinbrück, G., Vormwald, B., Wellhausen, J., Abbas, M., Amstutz, C., Barvich, T., Barth, Ch., Boegelspacher, F., De Boer, W., Butz, E., Casele, M., Colombo, F., Dierlamm, A., Freund, B., Hartmann, F., Heindl, S., Husemann, U., Kornmeyer, A., Kudella, S., Muller, Th., Simonis, H. J., Steck, P., Weber, M., Weiler, Th., Kiss, T., Siklér, F., Tölyhi, T., Veszprémi, V., Cariola, P., Creanza, D., De Palma, M., De Robertis, G., Fiore, L., Franco, M., Loddo, F., Sala, G., Silvestris, L., Maggi, G., My, S., Selvaggi, G., Albergo, S., Cappello, G., Costa, S., Di Mattia, A., Giordano, F., Potenza, R., Saizu, M. A., Tricomi, A., Tuve, C., Focardi, E., Dinardo, M. E., Fiorendi, S., Gennai, S., Malvezzi, S., Manzoni, R. A., Menasce, D., Moroni, L., Pedrini, D., Azzi, P., Bacchetta, N., Bisello, D., Dall'Osso, M., Pozzobon, N., Tosi, M., Solestizi, L. Alunni, Biasini, M., Bilei, G. M., Cecchi, C., Checcucci, B., Ciangottini, D., Fanò, L., Gentsos, C., Ionica, M., Leonardi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovani, G., Marconi, S., Mariani, V., Menichelli, M., Modak, A., Morozzi, A., Moscatelli, F., Passeri, D., Placidi, P., Postolache, V., Rossi, A., Saha, A., Santocchia, A., Storchi, L., Spiga, D., Androsov, K., Azzurri, P., Bagliesi, G., Basti, A., Boccali, T., Borrello, L., Bosi, F., Castaldi, R., Ceccanti, M., Ciocci, M. A., Dell'Orso, R., Donato, S., Fedi, G., Giassi, A., Grippo, M. T., Ligabue, F., Magazzu, G., Mammini, P., Mariani, F., Mazzoni, E., Messineo, A., Moggi, A., Morsani, F., Palla, F., Palmonari, F., Profeti, A., Raffaelli, F., Ragonesi, A., Rizzi, A., Soldani, A., Spagnolo, P., Tenchini, R., Tonelli, G., Venturi, A., Verdini, P. G., Abbaneo, D., Ahmed, I., Albert, E., Auzinger, G., Berruti, G., Bonnaud, J., Daguin, J., D'Auria, A., Detraz, S., Dondelewski, O., Engegaard, B., Faccio, F., Frank, N., Gill, K., Honma, A., Kornmayer, A., Labaza, A., Manolescu, F., McGill, I., Mersi, S., Michelis, S., Onnela, A., Ostrega, M., Pavis, S., Peisert, A., Pernot, J. -F., Petagna, P., Postema, H., Rapacz, K., Sigaud, C., Tropea, P., Troska, J., Tsirou, A., Vasey, F., Verlaat, B., Vichoudis, P., Zwalinski, L., Bachmair, F., Becker, R., di Calafiori, D., Casal, B., Berger, P., Djambazov, L., Donega, M., Grab, C., Hits, D., Hoss, J., Kasieczka, G., Lustermann, W., Mangano, B., Marionneau, M., del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz, Masciovecchio, M., Meinhard, M., Perozzi, L., Roeser, U., Starodumov, A., Tavolaro, V., Wallny, R., Zhu, D., Bösiger, K., Caminada, L., Canelli, F., Chiochia, V., de Cosa, A., Galloni, C., Hreus, T., Kilminster, B., Lange, C., Maier, R., Ngadiuba, J., Pinna, D., Robmann, P., Taroni, S., Yang, Y., Bertl, W., Deiters, K., Erdmann, W., Horisberger, R., Kaestli, H. -C., Kotlinski, D., Langenegger, U., Meier, B., Rohe, T., Streuli, S., Chen, P. -H., Dietz, C., Fiori, F., Grundler, U., Hou, W. -S., Lu, R. -S., Moya, M., Tsai, J. -F., Tzeng, Y. M., Cussans, D., Goldstein, J., Grimes, M., Newbold, D., Hobson, P., Reid, I. D., Bainbridge, R., Dauncey, P., Hall, G., James, T., Magnan, A. -M., Pesaresi, M., Raymond, D. M., Uchida, K., Durkin, T., Harder, K., Shepherd-Themistocleous, C., Chertok, M., Conway, J., Conway, R., Flores, C., Lander, R., Pellett, D., Ricci-Tam, F., Squires, M., Thomson, J., Yohay, R., Burt, K., Ellison, J., Hanson, G., Olmedo, M., Si, W., Yates, B. R., Dominguez, A., Bartek, R., Bentele, B., Cumalat, J. P., Ford, W. T., Jensen, F., Johnson, A., Krohn, M., Leontsinis, S., Mulholland, T., Stenson, K., Wagner, S. R., Apresyan, A., Bolla, G., Burkett, K., Butler, J. N., Canepa, A., Cheung, H. W. K., Christian, D., Cooper, W. E., Deptuch, G., Derylo, G., Gingu, C., Grünendahl, S., Hasegawa, S., Hoff, J., Howell, J., Hrycyk, M., Jindariani, S., Johnson, M., Kahlid, F., Kwan, S., Lei, C. M., Lipton, R., De Sá, R. Lopes, Liu, T., Los, S., Matulik, M., Merkel, P., Nahn, S., Prosser, A., Rivera, R., Schneider, B., Sellberg, G., Shenai, A., Siehl, K., Spiegel, L., Tran, N., Uplegger, L., Voirin, E., Berry, D. R., Chen, X., Ennesser, L., Evdokimov, A., Gerber, C. E., Makauda, S., Mills, C., Gonzalez, I. D. Sandoval, Alimena, J., Antonelli, L. J., Francis, B., Hart, A., Hill, C. S., Parashar, N., Stupak, J., Bortoletto, D., Bubna, M., Hinton, N., Jones, M., Miller, D. H., Shi, X., Baringer, P., Bean, A., Khalil, S., Kropivnitskaya, A., Majumder, D., Schmitz, E., Wilson, G., Ivanov, A., Mendis, R., Mitchell, T., Skhirtladze, N., Taylor, R., Anderson, I., Fehling, D., Gritsan, A., Maksimovic, P., Martin, C., Nash, K., Osherson, M., Swartz, M., Xiao, M., Acosta, J. G., Cremaldi, L. M., Oliveros, S., Perera, L., Summers, D., Bloom, K., Claes, D. R., Fangmeier, C., Suarez, R. Gonzalez, Monroy, J., Siado, J., Bartz, E., Gershtein, Y., Halkiadakis, E., Kyriacou, S., Lath, A., Schnetzer, S., Stone, R., Walker, M., Malik, S., Norberg, S., Vargas, J. E. Ramirez, Alyari, M., Dolen, J., Godshalk, A., Harrington, C., Iashvili, I., Kharchilava, A., Nguyen, D., Parker, A., Rappoccio, S., Roozbahani, B., Alexander, J., Chaves, J., Chu, J., Dittmer, S., McDermott, K., Mirman, N., Rinkevicius, A., Ryd, A., Salvati, E., Skinnari, L., Soffi, L., Tao, Z., Thom, J., Tucker, J., Zientek, M., Akgün, B., Ecklund, K. M., Kilpatrick, M., Nussbaum, T., Zabel, J., D'Angelo, P., Johns, W., and Rose, K.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A new pixel detector for the CMS experiment was built in order to cope with the instantaneous luminosities anticipated for the Phase~I Upgrade of the LHC. The new CMS pixel detector provides four-hit tracking with a reduced material budget as well as new cooling and powering schemes. A new front-end readout chip mitigates buffering and bandwidth limitations, and allows operation at low comparator thresholds. In this paper, comprehensive test beam studies are presented, which have been conducted to verify the design and to quantify the performance of the new detector assemblies in terms of tracking efficiency and spatial resolution. Under optimal conditions, the tracking efficiency is $99.95\pm0.05\,\%$, while the intrinsic spatial resolutions are $4.80\pm0.25\,\mu \mathrm{m}$ and $7.99\pm0.21\,\mu \mathrm{m}$ along the $100\,\mu \mathrm{m}$ and $150\,\mu \mathrm{m}$ pixel pitch, respectively. The findings are compared to a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the pixel detector and good agreement is found.

Published
2017
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23. A Herschel/PACS Far Infrared Line Emission Survey of Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies

Author

Diaz-Santos, T., Armus, L., Charmandaris, V., Lu, N., Stierwalt, S., Stacey, G., Malhotra, S., van der Werf, P. P., Howell, J. H., Privon, G. C., Mazzarella, J. M., Goldsmith, P. F., Murphy, E. J., Barcos-Munoz, L., Linden, S. T., Inami, H., Larson, K. L., Evans, A. S., Appleton, P., Iwasawa, K., Lord, S., Sanders, D. B., and Surace, J. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present an analysis of [OI]63, [OIII]88, [NII]122 and [CII]158 far-infrared (FIR) fine-structure line observations obtained with Herschel/PACS, for ~240 local luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) in the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS). We find pronounced declines -deficits- of line-to-FIR-continuum emission for [NII]122, [OI]63 and [CII]158 as a function of FIR color and infrared luminosity surface density, $\Sigma_{\rm IR}$. The median electron density of the ionized gas in LIRGs, based on the [NII]122/[NII]205 ratio, is $n_{\rm e}$ = 41 cm$^{-3}$. We find that the dispersion in the [CII]158 deficit of LIRGs is attributed to a varying fractional contribution of photo-dissociation-regions (PDRs) to the observed [CII]158 emission, f([CII]PDR) = [CII]PDR/[CII], which increases from ~60% to ~95% in the warmest LIRGs. The [OI]63/[CII]158PDR ratio is tightly correlated with the PDR gas kinetic temperature in sources where [OI]63 is not optically-thick or self-absorbed. For each galaxy, we derive the average PDR hydrogen density, $n_{\rm H}$, and intensity of the interstellar radiation field, in units of G$_0$, and find G$_0$/$n_{\rm H}$ ratios ~0.1-50 cm$^3$, with ULIRGs populating the upper end of the distribution. There is a relation between G$_0$/$n_{\rm H}$ and $\Sigma_{\rm IR}$, showing a critical break at $\Sigma_{\rm IR}^{\star}$ ~ 5 x 10$^{10}$ Lsun/kpc$^2$. Below $\Sigma_{\rm IR}^{\star}$, G$_0$/$n_{\rm H}$ remains constant, ~0.32 cm$^3$, and variations in $\Sigma_{\rm IR}$ are driven by the number density of star-forming regions within a galaxy, with no change in their PDR properties. Above $\Sigma_{\rm IR}^{\star}$, G$_0$/$n_{\rm H}$ increases rapidly with $\Sigma_{\rm IR}$, signaling a departure from the typical PDR conditions found in normal star-forming galaxies towards more intense/harder radiation fields and compact geometries typical of starbursting sources., Comment: 23 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to ApJ, including 2nd round of referee comments. Data tables can be found at: http://goals.ipac.caltech.edu/ and will also appear on the electronic version of the journal

Published
2017
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24. Massive Star Cluster Formation and Destruction in Luminous Infrared Galaxies in GOALS

Author

Linden, S. T., Evans, A. S., Rich, J., Larson, K., Armus, L., Díaz-Santos, T., Privon, G. C., Howell, J., Inami, H., Kim, D. -C., Chien, L. -H., Vavilkin, T., Mazzarella, J. M., Surace, J. A., Manning, S., Abdullah, A., Blake, A., Yarber, A., and Lambert, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present the results of a {\it Hubble Space Telescope} ACS/HRC FUV, ACS/WFC optical study into the cluster populations of a sample of 22 Luminous Infrared Galaxies in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey. Through integrated broadband photometry we have derived ages and masses for a total of 484 star clusters contained within these systems. This allows us to examine the properties of star clusters found in the extreme environments of LIRGs relative to lower luminosity star-forming galaxies in the local Universe. We find that by adopting a Bruzual \& Charlot simple stellar population (SSP) model and Salpeter initial mass function, the age distribution of clusters declines as $dN/d\tau = \tau^{-0.9 +/- 0.3}$, consistent with the age distribution derived for the Antennae Galaxies, and interpreted as evidence for rapid cluster disruption occuring in the strong tidal fields of merging galaxies. The large number of $10^{6} M_{\odot}$ young clusters identified in the sample also suggests that LIRGs are capable of producing more high-mass clusters than what is observed to date in any lower luminosity star-forming galaxy in the local Universe. The observed cluster mass distribution of $dN/dM = M^{-1.95 +/- 0.11}$ is consistent with the canonical -2 power law used to describe the underlying initial cluster mass function (ICMF) for a wide range of galactic environments. We interpret this as evidence against mass-dependent cluster disruption, which would flatten the observed CMF relative to the underlying ICMF distribution., Comment: 63 pages, 58 Figures, 56 Tables, Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2017
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25. The Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey: Herschel Image Atlas and Aperture Photometry

Author

Chu, Jason K., Sanders, D. B., Larson, K. L., Mazzarella, J. M., Howell, J. H., Díaz-Santos, T., Xu, K. C., Paladini, R., Schulz, B., Shupe, D., Appleton, P., Armus, L., Billot, N., Chan, B. H. P., Evans, A. S., Fadda, D., Frayer, D. T., Haan, S., Ishida, C. M., Iwasawa, K., Kim, D. -C., Lord, S., Murphy, E., Petric, A., Privon, G. C., Surace, J. A., and Treister, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Far-infrared (FIR) images and photometry are presented for 201 Luminous and Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies [LIRGs: log$(L_{\rm IR}/L_\odot) = 11.00 - 11.99$, ULIRGs: log$(L_{\rm IR}/L_\odot) = 12.00 - 12.99$], in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS) based on observations with the $Herschel$ $Space$ $Observatory$ Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) and the Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) instruments. The image atlas displays each GOALS target in the three PACS bands (70, 100, and 160 $\mu$m) and the three SPIRE bands (250, 350, and 500 $\mu$m), optimized to reveal structures at both high and low surface brightness levels, with images scaled to simplify comparison of structures in the same physical areas of $\sim$$100\times100$ kpc$^2$. Flux densities of companion galaxies in merging systems are provided where possible, depending on their angular separation and the spatial resolution in each passband, along with integrated system fluxes (sum of components). This dataset constitutes the imaging and photometric component of the GOALS Herschel OT1 observing program, and is complementary to atlases presented for the Hubble Space Telescope (Evans et al. 2017, in prep.), Spitzer Space Telescope (Mazzarella et al. 2017, in prep.), and Chandra X-ray Observatory (Iwasawa et al. 2011, 2017, in prep.). Collectively these data will enable a wide range of detailed studies of AGN and starburst activity within the most luminous infrared galaxies in the local Universe., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJS, 270 pages, 216 figures, 4 tables

Published
2017
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26. Meteor showers from known long-period comets

Author

Jenniskens, Peter, Lauretta, Dante S., Towner, Martin C., Heathcote, Steve, Jehin, Emmanuel, Hanke, Toni, Cooper, Tim, Baggaley, Jack W., Howell, J. Andreas, Johannink, Carl, Breukers, Martin, Odeh, Mohammad, Moskovitz, Nicholas, Juneau, Luke, Beck, Tim, De Cicco, Marcelo, Samuels, Dave, Rau, Steve, Albers, Jim, and Gural, Peter S.

Published
2021
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28. Morphological Classification of Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies

Author

Psychogyios, A., Charmandaris, V., Santos, T. Diaz, Armus, L., Haan, S., Howell, J., Floc'h, E. Le, Petty, S. M., and Evans, A. S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present an analysis of the morphological classification of 89 luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) from the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS) sample using non-parametric coefficients and compare their morphology as a function of wavelength. We rely on images obtained in the optical (B- and I-band) as well as in the infrared (H-band and 5.8$\mu$m). Our classification is based on the calculation of $Gini$ and the second order of light ($M_{20}$) non-parametric coefficients which we explore as a function of stellar mass ($M_\star$), infrared luminosity ($L_{IR}$) and star formation rate (SFR). We investigate the relation between $M_{20}$, the specific SFR (sSFR) and the dust temperature ($T_{dust}$) in our galaxy sample. We find that $M_{20}$ is a better morphological tracer than $Gini$, as it allows to distinguish systems formed by double systems from isolated and post-merger LIRGs. The multi-wavelength analysis allows us to identify a region in the $Gini$-$M_{20}$ parameter space where ongoing mergers reside, regardless of the band used to calculate the coefficients. In particular when measured in the H-band, this region can be used to identify ongoing mergers, with a minimal contamination from LIRGs in other stages. We also find that while the sSFR is positively correlated with $M_{20}$ when measured in the mid-infrared, i.e. star-bursting galaxies show more compact emission, it is anti-correlated with the B-band based $M_{20}$. We interpret this as the spatial decoupling between obscured and un-obscured star formation, whereby the ultraviolet/optical size of a LIRGs experience an intense dust enshrouded central starburst is larger than in the one in the mid-infrared since the contrast between the nuclear to the extended disk emission is smaller in the mid-infrared. This has important implications for high redshift surveys of dusty sources. [abridged], Comment: ( 18 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A )

Published
2016
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29. Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report Volume 1: The LBNF and DUNE Projects

Author

Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adamowski, M., Adams, C., Adamson, P., Adhikari, S., Ahmad, Z., Albright, C. H., Alion, T., Amador, E., Anderson, J., Anderson, K., Andreopoulos, C., Andrews, M., Andrews, R., Anghel, I., Anjos, J. d., Ankowski, A., Antonello, M., ArandaFernandez, A., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Aristizabal, D., Arrieta-Diaz, E., Aryal, K., Asaadi, J., Asner, D., Athar, M. S., Auger, M., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Avila, M., Back, J. J., Bai, X., Baibussinov, B., Baird, M., Balantekin, A. B., Baller, B., Ballett, P., Bambah, B., Bansal, M., Bansal, S., Barker, G. J., Barletta, W. A., Barr, G., Barros, N., Bartoszek, L., Bashyal, A., Bass, M., Bay, F., Beacom, J., Behera, B. R., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benetti, P. A., Bercellie, A., Bergevin, M., Berman, E., Berns, H., Bernstein, R., Bertolucci, S., Bhandari, B., Bhatnagar, V., Bhuyan, B., Bian, J., Biery, K., Bishai, M., Blackburn, T., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blaufuss, E., Bleakley, B., Blucher, E., Bocean, V., Boffelli, F., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bonesini, M., Boone, T., Booth, C., Bordoni, S., Borysova, M., Bourguille, B., Boyd, S. B., Brailsford, D., Brandt, A., Bremer, J., Brice, S., Bromberg, C., Brooijmans, G., Brown, G., Brown, R., Brunetti, G., Bu, X., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Bugg, B., Calafiura, P., Calligarich, E., Calvo, E., Camilleri, L., Campanelli, M., Cantini, C., Carls, B., Carr, R., Cascella, M., Castromonte, C., CatanoMur, E., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., CerveraVillanueva, A., Chandratre, V. B., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chaussard, L., Chembra, S., Chen, H., Chen, K., Chen, M., Cherdack, D., Chi, C., Childress, S., Choubey, S., Choudhary, B. C., Christodoulou, G., Christofferson, C., Church, E., Cianci, D., Cline, D., Coan, T., Cocco, A., Coelho, J., Cole, P., Collin, G., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., Corey, R., Corwin, L., Cranshaw, J., Crivelli, P., Cronin-Hennessy, D., Curioni, A., Cushing, J., Adams, D. L., Dale, D., Das, S. R., Davenne, T., Davies, G. S., Davies, J., Dawson, J., De, K., deGouvea, A., deJong, J. K., deJong, P., DeLurgio, P., Decowski, M., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Dharmapalan, R., Dhingra, N., DiLuise, S., Diamantopoulou, M., Diaz, J. S., DiazBautista, G., Diwan, M., Djurcic, Z., Dolph, J., Drake, G., Duchesneau, D., Duvernois, M., Duyang, H., Dwyer, D. A., Dye, S., Dytman, S., Eberly, B., Edgecock, R., Edmunds, D., Elliott, S., Elnimr, M., Emery, S., Endress, E., Eno, S., Ereditato, A., Escobar, C. O., Evans, J., Falcone, A., Falk, L., Farbin, A., Farnese, C., Farzan, Y., Fava, A., Favilli, L., Felde, J., Felix, J., Fernandes, S., Fields, L., Finch, A., Fitton, M., Fleming, B., Forest, T., Fowler, J., Fox, W., Fried, J., Friedland, A., Fuess, S., Fujikawa, B., Gago, A., Gallagher, H., Galymov, S., Gamble, T., Gandhi, R., Garcia-Gamez, D., Gardiner, S., Garvey, G., Gehman, V. M., Gendotti, A., Geronimo, G. d., Ghag, C., Ghoshal, P., Gibin, D., Gil-Botella, I., Gill, R., Girardelli, D., Giri, A., Glavin, S., Goeldi, D., Golapinni, S., Gold, M., Gomes, R. A., GomezCadenas, J. J., Goodman, M. C., Gorbunov, D., Goswami, S., Graf, N., Graham, M., Gramelini, E., Gran, R., Grant, C., Grant, N., Greco, V., Greenlee, H., Greenler, L., Greenley, C., Groh, M., Grullon, S., Grundy, T., Grzelak, K., Guardincerri, E., Guarino, V., Guarnaccia, E., Guedes, G. P., Guenette, R., Guglielmi, A., Habig, A. T., Hackenburg, R. W., Hackenburg, A., Hadavand, H., Haenni, R., Hahn, A., Haigh, M. D., Haines, T., Hamernik, T., Handler, T., Hans, S., Harris, D., Hartnell, J., Hasegawa, T., Hatcher, R., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hays, S., Hazen, E., Headley, M., Heavey, A., Heeger, K., Heise, J., Hennessy, K., Hewes, V, Higuera, A., Hill, T., Himmel, A., Hogan, M., Holanda, P., Holin, A., Honey, W., Horikawa, S., Horton-Smith, G., Howard, B., Howell, J., Hurh, P., Huston, J., Hylen, J., Imlay, R., Insler, J., Introzzi, G., Ioanisyan, D., Ioannisian, A., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Jackson, C., Jaffe, D. E., James, C., James, E., Jediny, F., Jen, C., Jhingan, A., Jiménez, S., Jo, J. H., Johnson, M., Johnson, R., Johnstone, J., Jones, B. J., Joshi, J., Jostlein, H., Jung, C. K., Junk, T., Kaboth, A., Kadel, R., Kafka, T., Kalousis, L., Kamyshkov, Y., Karagiorgi, G., Karasavvas, D., Karyotakis, Y., Kaur, A., Kaur, P., Kayser, B., Kazaryan, N., Kearns, E., Keener, P., Kemboi, S., Kemp, E., Kettell, S. H., Khabibullin, M., Khandaker, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kirby, B., Kirby, M., Klein, J., Kobilarcik, T., Kohn, S., Koizumi, G., Kopylov, A., Kordosky, M., Kormos, L., Kose, U., Kostelecky, V. A., Kramer, M., Kreslo, I., Kriske, R., Kropp, W., Kudenko, Y., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kulagin, S., Kumar, A., Kumar, G. K., Kumar, J., Kumar, L., Kutter, T., Laminack, A., Lande, K., Lane, C., Lang, K., Lanni, F., Learned, J., Lebrun, P., Lee, D., Lee, H., Lee, K., Lee, W. M., LeiguideOliveira, M. A., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Libo, J., Lin, C. S., Lin, S., Ling, J., Link, J., Liptak, Z., Lissauer, D., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B., Liu, Q., Liu, T., Lockwitz, S., Lockyer, N., Loew, T., Lokajicek, M., Long, K., Lopes, M. D. L., Lopez, J. P., Losecco, J., Louis, W., Lowery, J., Luethi, M., Luk, K. B., Lundberg, B., Lundin, T., Luo, X., Lux, T., Lykken, J., Machado, A. A., Macier, J. R., Magill, S., Mahler, G., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Malhotra, S., Malon, D., Mammoliti, F., Mancina, S., Mandal, S. K., Mandodi, S., Manly, S. L., Mann, A., Marchionni, A., Marciano, W., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marino, A., Marshak, M., Marshall, C., Marshall, J., Marteau, J., Martin-Albo, J., Martinez, D., Matsuno, S., Matthews, J., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mayilyan, D., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McCluskey, E., McConkey, N., McDonald, K., McFarland, K. S., McGowan, A. M., McGrew, C., McKeown, R., McNulty, D., McTaggart, R., Mefodiev, A., Mehrian, M., Mehta, P., Mei, D., Mena, O., Menary, S., Mendez, H., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Meng, Y., Merritt, H., Mertins, D., Messier, M., Metcalf, W., Mewes, M., Meyer, H., Miao, T., Milincic, R., Miller, W., Mills, G., Mineev, O., Miranda, O., Mishra, C. S., Mishra, S. R., Mitrica, B., Mladenov, D., Mocioiu, I., Mohanta, R., Mokhov, N., Montanari, C., Montanari, D., Moon, J., Mooney, M., Moore, C., Morfin, J., Morgan, B., Morris, C., Morse, W., Moss, Z., Mossey, C., Moura, C. A., Mousseau, J., Mualem, L., Muether, M., Mufson, S., Murphy, S., Musser, J., Musser, R., Nakajima, Y., Naples, D., Navarro, J., Navas, D., Nelson, J., Nessi, M., Newcomer, M., Ng, Y., Nichol, R., Nicholls, T. C., Nikolics, K., Niner, E., Norris, B., Noto, F., Novakova, P., Novella, P., Nowak, J., Nunes, M. S., O'Keeffe, H., Oldeman, R., Oliveira, R., Olson, T., Onishchuk, Y., Osta, J., Ovsjannikova, T., Page, B., Pakvasa, S., Pal, S., Palamara, O., Palazzo, A., Paley, J., Palomares, C., Pantic, E., Paolone, V., Papadimitriou, V., Park, J., Parke, S., Parsa, Z., Pascoli, S., Patterson, R., Patton, S., Patzak, T., Paulos, B., Paulucci, L., Pavlovic, Z., Pawloski, G., Peeters, S., Pennacchio, E., Perch, A., Perdue, G. N., Periale, L., Perkin, J. D., Pessard, H., Petrillo, G., Petti, R., Petukhov, A., Pietropaolo, F., Plunkett, R., Pordes, S., Potekhin, M., Potenza, R., Potukuchi, B., Poudyal, N., Prokofiev, O., Pruthi, N., Przewlocki, P., Pushka, D., Qian, X., Raaf, J. L., Raboanary, R., Radeka, V., Radovic, A., Raffelt, G., Rakhno, I., Rakotondramanana, H. T., Rakotondravohitra, L., Ramachers, Y. A., Rameika, R., Ramsey, J., Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G., Ratoff, P., Rebel, B., Regenfus, C., Reichenbacher, J., Reitzner, D., Remoto, A., Renshaw, A., Rescia, S., Richardson, M., Rielage, K., Riesselmann, K., Robinson, M., Rochester, L., Rodrigues, O. B., Rodrigues, P., Roe, B., Rosen, M., Roser, R. M., Ross-Lonergan, M., Rossella, M., Rubbia, A., Rubbia, C., Rucinski, R., RudolphvonRohr, C., Russell, B., Ruterbories, D., Saakyan, R., Sahu, N., Sala, P., Samios, N., Sanchez, F., Sanchez, M., Sands, B., Santana, S., Santorelli, R., Santucci, G., Saoulidou, N., Scaramelli, A., Schellman, H., Schlabach, P., Schmitt, R., Schmitz, D., Schneps, J., Scholberg, K., Schukraft, A., Schwehr, J., Segreto, E., Seibert, S., Sepulveda-Quiroz, J. A., Sergiampietri, F., Sexton-Kennedy, L., Sgalaberna, D., Shaevitz, M., Shahi, J., Shahsavarani, S., Shanahan, P., Shankar, S. U., Sharma, R., Sharma, R. K., Shaw, T., Shrock, R., Shyrma, I., Simos, N., Sinev, G., Singh, I., Singh, J., Singh, V., Sinnis, G., Sippach, W., Smargianaki, D., Smy, M., Snider, E., Snopok, P., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H., Soderberg, M., Solomey, N., Sondheim, W., Sorel, M., Sousa, A., Soustruznik, K., Spitz, J., Spooner, N. J., Stancari, M., Stancu, I., Stefan, D., Steiner, H. M., Stewart, J., Stock, J., Stoica, S., Stone, J., Strait, J., Strait, M., Strauss, T., Striganov, S., Sulej, R., Sullivan, G., Sun, Y., Suter, L., Sutera, C. M., Svoboda, R., Szczerbinska, B., Szelc, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Talaga, R., Tamsett, M., Tariq, S., Tatar, E., Tayloe, R., Taylor, C., Taylor, D., Terao, K., Thiesse, M., Thomas, J., Thompson, L. F., Thomson, M., Thorn, C., Thorpe, M., Tian, X., Tiedt, D., Timm, S. C., Tonazzo, A., Tope, T., Topkar, A., Torres, F. R., Torti, M., Tortola, M., Tortorici, F., Toups, M., Touramanis, C., Tripathi, M., Tropin, I., Tsai, Y., Tsang, K. V., Tsenov, R., Tufanli, S., Tull, C., Turner, J., Tzanov, M., Tziaferi, E., Uchida, Y., Urheim, J., Usher, T., Vagins, M., Vahle, P., Valdiviesso, G. A., Valerio, L., Vallari, Z., Valle, J., VanBerg, R., VandeWater, R., VanGemmeren, P., Varanini, F., Varner, G., Vasseur, G., Vaziri, K., Velev, G., Ventura, S., Verdugo, A., Viant, T., Vieira, T. V., Vignoli, C., Vilela, C., Viren, B., Vrba, T., Wachala, T., Wahl, D., Wallbank, M., Walsh, N., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wang, L., Wang, T., Warburton, T. K., Warner, D., Wascko, M., Waters, D., Watson, T. B., Weber, A., Weber, M., Wei, W., Weinstein, A., Wells, D., Wenman, D., Wetstein, M., White, A., Whitehead, L., Whittington, D., Wilking, M., Willhite, J., Wilson, P., Wilson, R. J., Winslow, L., Wittich, P., Wojcicki, S., Wong, H. H., Wood, K., Worcester, E., Worcester, M., Wu, S., Xin, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, S., Yang, T., Yarritu, K., Ye, J., Yeh, M., Yershov, N., Yonehara, K., Yu, B., Yu, J., Zalesak, J., Zalewska, A., Zamorano, B., Zang, L., Zani, A., Zavala, G., Zeller, G., Zhang, C., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zwaska, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This document presents the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) put forward by an international neutrino community to pursue the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment at the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF/DUNE), a groundbreaking science experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies and for neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. The DUNE far detector will be a very large modular liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) located deep underground, coupled to the LBNF multi-megawatt wide-band neutrino beam. DUNE will also have a high-resolution and high-precision near detector.

Published
2016

30. Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report, Volume 4 The DUNE Detectors at LBNF

Author

Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adamowski, M., Adams, C., Adamson, P., Adhikari, S., Ahmad, Z., Albright, C. H., Alion, T., Amador, E., Anderson, J., Anderson, K., Andreopoulos, C., Andrews, M., Andrews, R., Anghel, I., Anjos, J. d., Ankowski, A., Antonello, M., ArandaFernandez, A., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Aristizabal, D., Arrieta-Diaz, E., Aryal, K., Asaadi, J., Asner, D., Athar, M. S., Auger, M., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Avila, M., Back, J. J., Bai, X., Baibussinov, B., Baird, M., Balantekin, A. B., Baller, B., Ballett, P., Bambah, B., Bansal, M., Bansal, S., Barker, G. J., Barletta, W. A., Barr, G., Barros, N., Bartoszek, L., Bashyal, A., Bass, M., Bay, F., Beacom, J., Behera, B. R., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benetti, P. A., Bercellie, A., Bergevin, M., Berman, E., Berns, H., Bernstein, R., Bertolucci, S., Bhandari, B., Bhatnagar, V., Bhuyan, B., Bian, J., Biery, K., Bishai, M., Blackburn, T., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blaufuss, E., Bleakley, B., Blucher, E., Bocean, V., Boffelli, F., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bonesini, M., Boone, T., Booth, C., Bordoni, S., Borysova, M., Bourguille, B., Boyd, S. B., Brailsford, D., Brandt, A., Bremer, J., Brice, S., Bromberg, C., Brooijmans, G., Brown, G., Brown, R., Brunetti, G., Bu, X., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Bugg, B., Calafiura, P., Calligarich, E., Calvo, E., Camilleri, L., Campanelli, M., Cantini, C., Carls, B., Carr, R., Cascella, M., Castromonte, C., CatanoMur, E., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., CerveraVillanueva, A., Chandratre, V. B., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chaussard, L., Chembra, S., Chen, H., Chen, K., Chen, M., Cherdack, D., Chi, C., Childress, S., Choubey, S., Choudhary, B. C., Christodoulou, G., Christofferson, C., Church, E., Cianci, D., Cline, D., Coan, T., Cocco, A., Coelho, J., Cole, P., Collin, G., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., Corey, R., Corwin, L., Cranshaw, J., Crivelli, P., Cronin-Hennessy, D., Curioni, A., Cushing, J., Adams, D. L., Dale, D., Das, S. R., Davenne, T., Davies, G. S., Davies, J., Dawson, J., De, K., deGouvea, A., deJong, J. K., deJong, P., DeLurgio, P., Decowski, M., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Dharmapalan, R., Dhingra, N., DiLuise, S., Diamantopoulou, M., Diaz, J. S., DiazBautista, G., Diwan, M., Djurcic, Z., Dolph, J., Drake, G., Duchesneau, D., Duvernois, M., Duyang, H., Dwyer, D. A., Dye, S., Dytman, S., Eberly, B., Edgecock, R., Edmunds, D., Elliott, S., Elnimr, M., Emery, S., Endress, E., Eno, S., Ereditato, A., Escobar, C. O., Evans, J., Falcone, A., Falk, L., Farbin, A., Farnese, C., Farzan, Y., Fava, A., Favilli, L., Felde, J., Felix, J., Fernandes, S., Fields, L., Finch, A., Fitton, M., Fleming, B., Forest, T., Fowler, J., Fox, W., Fried, J., Friedland, A., Fuess, S., Fujikawa, B., Gago, A., Gallagher, H., Galymov, S., Gamble, T., Gandhi, R., Garcia-Gamez, D., Gardiner, S., Garvey, G., Gehman, V. M., Gendotti, A., Geronimo, G. d., Ghag, C., Ghoshal, P., Gibin, D., Gil-Botella, I., Gill, R., Girardelli, D., Giri, A., Glavin, S., Goeldi, D., Golapinni, S., Gold, M., Gomes, R. A., GomezCadenas, J. J., Goodman, M. C., Gorbunov, D., Goswami, S., Graf, N., Graham, M., Gramelini, E., Gran, R., Grant, C., Grant, N., Greco, V., Greenlee, H., Greenler, L., Greenley, C., Groh, M., Grullon, S., Grundy, T., Grzelak, K., Guardincerri, E., Guarino, V., Guarnaccia, E., Guedes, G. P., Guenette, R., Guglielmi, A., Habig, A. T., Hackenburg, R. W., Hackenburg, A., Hadavand, H., Haenni, R., Hahn, A., Haigh, M. 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L., Raboanary, R., Radeka, V., Radovic, A., Raffelt, G., Rakhno, I., Rakotondramanana, H. T., Rakotondravohitra, L., Ramachers, Y. A., Rameika, R., Ramsey, J., Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G., Ratoff, P., Rebel, B., Regenfus, C., Reichenbacher, J., Reitzner, D., Remoto, A., Renshaw, A., Rescia, S., Richardson, M., Rielage, K., Riesselmann, K., Robinson, M., Rochester, L., Rodrigues, O. B., Rodrigues, P., Roe, B., Rosen, M., Roser, R. M., Ross-Lonergan, M., Rossella, M., Rubbia, A., Rubbia, C., Rucinski, R., RudolphvonRohr, C., Russell, B., Ruterbories, D., Saakyan, R., Sahu, N., Sala, P., Samios, N., Sanchez, F., Sanchez, M., Sands, B., Santana, S., Santorelli, R., Santucci, G., Saoulidou, N., Scaramelli, A., Schellman, H., Schlabach, P., Schmitt, R., Schmitz, D., Schneps, J., Scholberg, K., Schukraft, A., Schwehr, J., Segreto, E., Seibert, S., Sepulveda-Quiroz, J. A., Sergiampietri, F., Sexton-Kennedy, L., Sgalaberna, D., Shaevitz, M., Shahi, J., Shahsavarani, S., Shanahan, P., Shankar, S. U., Sharma, R., Sharma, R. K., Shaw, T., Shrock, R., Shyrma, I., Simos, N., Sinev, G., Singh, I., Singh, J., Singh, V., Sinnis, G., Sippach, W., Smargianaki, D., Smy, M., Snider, E., Snopok, P., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H., Soderberg, M., Solomey, N., Sondheim, W., Sorel, M., Sousa, A., Soustruznik, K., Spitz, J., Spooner, N. J., Stancari, M., Stancu, I., Stefan, D., Steiner, H. M., Stewart, J., Stock, J., Stoica, S., Stone, J., Strait, J., Strait, M., Strauss, T., Striganov, S., Sulej, R., Sullivan, G., Sun, Y., Suter, L., Sutera, C. M., Svoboda, R., Szczerbinska, B., Szelc, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Talaga, R., Tamsett, M., Tariq, S., Tatar, E., Tayloe, R., Taylor, C., Taylor, D., Terao, K., Thiesse, M., Thomas, J., Thompson, L. F., Thomson, M., Thorn, C., Thorpe, M., Tian, X., Tiedt, D., Timm, S. C., Tonazzo, A., Tope, T., Topkar, A., Torres, F. R., Torti, M., Tortola, M., Tortorici, F., Toups, M., Touramanis, C., Tripathi, M., Tropin, I., Tsai, Y., Tsang, K. V., Tsenov, R., Tufanli, S., Tull, C., Turner, J., Tzanov, M., Tziaferi, E., Uchida, Y., Urheim, J., Usher, T., Vagins, M., Vahle, P., Valdiviesso, G. A., Valerio, L., Vallari, Z., Valle, J., VanBerg, R., VandeWater, R., VanGemmeren, P., Varanini, F., Varner, G., Vasseur, G., Vaziri, K., Velev, G., Ventura, S., Verdugo, A., Viant, T., Vieira, T. V., Vignoli, C., Vilela, C., Viren, B., Vrba, T., Wachala, T., Wahl, D., Wallbank, M., Walsh, N., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wang, L., Wang, T., Warburton, T. K., Warner, D., Wascko, M., Waters, D., Watson, T. B., Weber, A., Weber, M., Wei, W., Weinstein, A., Wells, D., Wenman, D., Wetstein, M., White, A., Whitehead, L., Whittington, D., Wilking, M., Willhite, J., Wilson, P., Wilson, R. J., Winslow, L., Wittich, P., Wojcicki, S., Wong, H. H., Wood, K., Worcester, E., Worcester, M., Wu, S., Xin, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, S., Yang, T., Yarritu, K., Ye, J., Yeh, M., Yershov, N., Yonehara, K., Yu, B., Yu, J., Zalesak, J., Zalewska, A., Zamorano, B., Zang, L., Zani, A., Zavala, G., Zeller, G., Zhang, C., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zwaska, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A description of the proposed detector(s) for DUNE at LBNF

Published
2016

31. Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Conceptual Design Report Volume 2: The Physics Program for DUNE at LBNF

Author

DUNE Collaboration, Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adamowski, M., Adams, C., Adamson, P., Adhikari, S., Ahmad, Z., Albright, C. H., Alion, T., Amador, E., Anderson, J., Anderson, K., Andreopoulos, C., Andrews, M., Andrews, R., Anghel, I., Anjos, J. d., Ankowski, A., Antonello, M., ArandaFernandez, A., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Aristizabal, D., Arrieta-Diaz, E., Aryal, K., Asaadi, J., Asner, D., Athar, M. S., Auger, M., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Avila, M., Back, J. J., Bai, X., Baibussinov, B., Baird, M., Balantekin, A. B., Baller, B., Ballett, P., Bambah, B., Bansal, M., Bansal, S., Barker, G. J., Barletta, W. A., Barr, G., Barros, N., Bartoszek, L., Bashyal, A., Bass, M., Bay, F., Beacom, J., Behera, B. R., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Benetti, P. A., Bercellie, A., Bergevin, M., Berman, E., Berns, H., Bernstein, R., Bertolucci, S., Bhandari, B., Bhatnagar, V., Bhuyan, B., Bian, J., Biery, K., Bishai, M., Blackburn, T., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blaufuss, E., Bleakley, B., Blucher, E., Bocean, V., Boffelli, F., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bonesini, M., Boone, T., Booth, C., Bordoni, S., Borysova, M., Bourguille, B., Boyd, S. B., Brailsford, D., Brandt, A., Bremer, J., Brice, S., Bromberg, C., Brooijmans, G., Brown, G., Brown, R., Brunetti, G., Bu, X., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Bugg, B., Calafiura, P., Calligarich, E., Calvo, E., Camilleri, L., Campanelli, M., Cantini, C., Carls, B., Carr, R., Cascella, M., Castromonte, C., CatanoMur, E., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., CerveraVillanueva, A., Chandratre, V. B., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chaussard, L., Chembra, S., Chen, H., Chen, K., Chen, M., Cherdack, D., Chi, C., Childress, S., Choubey, S., Choudhary, B. C., Christodoulou, G., Christofferson, C., Church, E., Cianci, D., Cline, D., Coan, T., Cocco, A., Coelho, J., Cole, P., Collin, G., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., Corey, R., Corwin, L., Cranshaw, J., Crivelli, P., Cronin-Hennessy, D., Curioni, A., Cushing, J., Adams, D. L., Dale, D., Das, S. R., Davenne, T., Davies, G. S., Davies, J., Dawson, J., De, K., deGouvea, A., deJong, J. K., deJong, P., DeLurgio, P., Decowski, M., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Dharmapalan, R., Dhingra, N., DiLuise, S., Diamantopoulou, M., Diaz, J. S., DiazBautista, G., Diwan, M., Djurcic, Z., Dolph, J., Drake, G., Duchesneau, D., Duvernois, M., Duyang, H., Dwyer, D. A., Dye, S., Dytman, S., Eberly, B., Edgecock, R., Edmunds, D., Elliott, S., Elnimr, M., Emery, S., Endress, E., Eno, S., Ereditato, A., Escobar, C. O., Evans, J., Falcone, A., Falk, L., Farbin, A., Farnese, C., Farzan, Y., Fava, A., Favilli, L., Felde, J., Felix, J., Fernandes, S., Fields, L., Finch, A., Fitton, M., Fleming, B., Forest, T., Fowler, J., Fox, W., Fried, J., Friedland, A., Fuess, S., Fujikawa, B., Gago, A., Gallagher, H., Galymov, S., Gamble, T., Gandhi, R., Garcia-Gamez, D., Gardiner, S., Garvey, G., Gehman, V. M., Gendotti, A., Geronimo, G. d., Ghag, C., Ghoshal, P., Gibin, D., Gil-Botella, I., Gill, R., Girardelli, D., Giri, A., Glavin, S., Goeldi, D., Golapinni, S., Gold, M., Gomes, R. A., GomezCadenas, J. J., Goodman, M. C., Gorbunov, D., Goswami, S., Graf, N., Graham, M., Gramelini, E., Gran, R., Grant, C., Grant, N., Greco, V., Greenlee, H., Greenler, L., Greenley, C., Groh, M., Grullon, S., Grundy, T., Grzelak, K., Guardincerri, E., Guarino, V., Guarnaccia, E., Guedes, G. P., Guenette, R., Guglielmi, A., Habig, A. T., Hackenburg, R. W., Hackenburg, A., Hadavand, H., Haenni, R., Hahn, A., Haigh, M. D., Haines, T., Hamernik, T., Handler, T., Hans, S., Harris, D., Hartnell, J., Hasegawa, T., Hatcher, R., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hays, S., Hazen, E., Headley, M., Heavey, A., Heeger, K., Heise, J., Hennessy, K., Hewes, V, Higuera, A., Hill, T., Himmel, A., Hogan, M., Holanda, P., Holin, A., Honey, W., Horikawa, S., Horton-Smith, G., Howard, B., Howell, J., Hurh, P., Huston, J., Hylen, J., Imlay, R., Insler, J., Introzzi, G., Ioanisyan, D., Ioannisian, A., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Jackson, C., Jaffe, D. E., James, C., James, E., Jediny, F., Jen, C., Jhingan, A., Jiménez, S., Jo, J. H., Johnson, M., Johnson, R., Johnstone, J., Jones, B. J., Joshi, J., Jostlein, H., Jung, C. K., Junk, T., Kaboth, A., Kadel, R., Kafka, T., Kalousis, L., Kamyshkov, Y., Karagiorgi, G., Karasavvas, D., Karyotakis, Y., Kaur, A., Kaur, P., Kayser, B., Kazaryan, N., Kearns, E., Keener, P., Kemboi, S., Kemp, E., Kettell, S. H., Khabibullin, M., Khandaker, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kirby, B., Kirby, M., Klein, J., Kobilarcik, T., Kohn, S., Koizumi, G., Kopylov, A., Kordosky, M., Kormos, L., Kose, U., Kostelecky, V. A., Kramer, M., Kreslo, I., Kriske, R., Kropp, W., Kudenko, Y., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kulagin, S., Kumar, A., Kumar, G., Kumar, J., Kumar, L., Kutter, T., Laminack, A., Lande, K., Lane, C., Lang, K., Lanni, F., Learned, J., Lebrun, P., Lee, D., Lee, H., Lee, K., Lee, W. M., LeiguideOliveira, M. A., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Libo, J., Lin, C. S., Lin, S., Ling, J., Link, J., Liptak, Z., Lissauer, D., Littenberg, L., Littlejohn, B., Liu, Q., Liu, T., Lockwitz, S., Lockyer, N., Loew, T., Lokajicek, M., Long, K., Lopes, M. D. L., Lopez, J. P., Losecco, J., Louis, W., Lowery, J., Luethi, M., Luk, K., Lundberg, B., Lundin, T., Luo, X., Lux, T., Lykken, J., Machado, A. A., Macier, J. R., Magill, S., Mahler, G., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Malhotra, S., Malon, D., Mammoliti, F., Mancina, S., Mandal, S. K., Mandodi, S., Manly, S. L., Mann, A., Marchionni, A., Marciano, W., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marino, A., Marshak, M., Marshall, C., Marshall, J., Marteau, J., Martin-Albo, J., Martinez, D., Matsuno, S., Matthews, J., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mayilyan, D., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McCluskey, E., McConkey, N., McDonald, K., McFarland, K. S., McGowan, A. M., McGrew, C., McKeown, R., McNulty, D., McTaggart, R., Mefodiev, A., Mehrian, M., Mehta, P., Mei, D., Mena, O., Menary, S., Mendez, H., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Meng, Y., Merritt, H., Mertins, D., Messier, M., Metcalf, W., Mewes, M., Meyer, H., Miao, T., Milincic, R., Miller, W., Mills, G., Mineev, O., Miranda, O., Mishra, C. S., Mishra, S. R., Mitrica, B., Mladenov, D., Mocioiu, I., Mohanta, R., Mokhov, N., Montanari, C., Montanari, D., Moon, J., Mooney, M., Moore, C., Morfin, J., Morgan, B., Morris, C., Morse, W., Moss, Z., Mossey, C., Moura, C. 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U., Sharma, R., Sharma, R. K., Shaw, T., Shrock, R., Shyrma, I., Simos, N., Sinev, G., Singh, I., Singh, J., Singh, V., Sinnis, G., Sippach, W., Smargianaki, D., Smy, M., Snider, E., Snopok, P., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H., Soderberg, M., Solomey, N., Sondheim, W., Sorel, M., Sousa, A., Soustruznik, K., Spitz, J., Spooner, N. J., Stancari, M., Stancu, I., Stefan, D., Steiner, H. M., Stewart, J., Stock, J., Stoica, S., Stone, J., Strait, J., Strait, M., Strauss, T., Striganov, S., Sulej, R., Sullivan, G., Sun, Y., Suter, L., Sutera, C. M., Svoboda, R., Szczerbinska, B., Szelc, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Talaga, R., Tamsett, M., Tariq, S., Tatar, E., Tayloe, R., Taylor, C., Taylor, D., Terao, K., Thiesse, M., Thomas, J., Thompson, L. F., Thomson, M., Thorn, C., Thorpe, M., Tian, X., Tiedt, D., Timm, S. C., Tonazzo, A., Tope, T., Topkar, A., Torres, F. R., Torti, M., Tortola, M., Tortorici, F., Toups, M., Touramanis, C., Tripathi, M., Tropin, I., Tsai, Y., Tsang, K. V., Tsenov, R., Tufanli, S., Tull, C., Turner, J., Tzanov, M., Tziaferi, E., Uchida, Y., Urheim, J., Usher, T., Vagins, M., Vahle, P., Valdiviesso, G. A., Valerio, L., Vallari, Z., Valle, J., VanBerg, R., VandeWater, R., VanGemmeren, P., Varanini, F., Varner, G., Vasseur, G., Vaziri, K., Velev, G., Ventura, S., Verdugo, A., Viant, T., Vieira, T. V., Vignoli, C., Vilela, C., Viren, B., Vrba, T., Wachala, T., Wahl, D., Wallbank, M., Walsh, N., Wang, B., Wang, H., Wang, L., Wang, T., Warburton, T. K., Warner, D., Wascko, M., Waters, D., Watson, T. B., Weber, A., Weber, M., Wei, W., Weinstein, A., Wells, D., Wenman, D., Wetstein, M., White, A., Whitehead, L., Whittington, D., Wilking, M., Willhite, J., Wilson, P., Wilson, R. J., Winslow, L., Wittich, P., Wojcicki, S., Wong, H. H., Wood, K., Worcester, E., Worcester, M., Wu, S., Xin, T., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, S., Yang, T., Yarritu, K., Ye, J., Yeh, M., Yershov, N., Yonehara, K., Yu, B., Yu, J., Zalesak, J., Zalewska, A., Zamorano, B., Zang, L., Zani, A., Zavala, G., Zeller, G., Zhang, C., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zwaska, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Physics Program for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at the Fermilab Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) is described.

Published
2015

32. Improving Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Outcomes in Patients with Cirrhosis after Hepatitis C Cure: A Modelling Study

Author

Cumming, J, Scott, N, Howell, J, Flores, JE, Pavlyshyn, D, Hellard, ME, Winata, LS-H, Ryan, M, Sutherland, T, Thompson, AJ, Doyle, JS, Sacks-Davis, R, Cumming, J, Scott, N, Howell, J, Flores, JE, Pavlyshyn, D, Hellard, ME, Winata, LS-H, Ryan, M, Sutherland, T, Thompson, AJ, Doyle, JS, and Sacks-Davis, R

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a significant global health challenge, particularly among individuals with liver cirrhosis, with hepatitis C (HCV) a major cause. In people with HCV-related cirrhosis, an increased risk of HCC remains after cure. HCC surveillance with six monthly ultrasounds has been shown to improve survival. However, adherence to biannual screening is currently suboptimal. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of increased HCC surveillance uptake and improved ultrasound sensitivity on mortality among people with HCV-related cirrhosis post HCV cure. METHODS: This study utilized mathematical modelling to assess HCC progression, surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment among individuals with cirrhosis who had successfully been treated for HCV. The deterministic compartmental model incorporated Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages to simulate disease progression and diagnosis probabilities in 100 people with cirrhosis who had successfully been treated for hepatitis C over 10 years. Four interventions were modelled to assess their potential for improving life expectancy: realistic improvements to surveillance adherence, optimistic improvements to surveillance adherence, diagnosis sensitivity enhancements, and improved treatment efficacy Results: Realistic adherence improvements resulted in 9.8 (95% CI 7.9, 11.6) life years gained per cohort of 100 over a 10-year intervention period; 17.2 (13.9, 20.3) life years were achieved in optimistic adherence improvements. Diagnosis sensitivity improvements led to a 7.0 (3.6, 13.8) year gain in life years, and treatment improvements improved life years by 9.0 (7.5, 10.3) years. CONCLUSIONS: Regular HCC ultrasound surveillance remains crucial to reduce mortality among people with cured hepatitis C and cirrhosis. Our study highlights that even minor enhancements to adherence to ultrasound surveillance can significantly boost life expectancy across populations more effectively than st

Published
2024

33. Impact of an Automated Population-Level Cirrhosis Screening Program Using Common Pathology Tests on Rates of Cirrhosis Diagnosis and Linkage to Specialist Care (CAPRISE): Protocol for a Pilot Prospective Single-Arm Intervention Study

Author

Flores, JE, Trambas, C, Jovanovic, N, Thompson, AJ, Howell, J, Flores, JE, Trambas, C, Jovanovic, N, Thompson, AJ, and Howell, J

Abstract

BACKGROUND: People with compensated cirrhosis receive the greatest benefit from risk factor modification and prevention programs to reduce liver decompensation and improve early liver cancer detection. Blood-based liver fibrosis algorithms such as the Aspartate Transaminase-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index are calculated using routinely ordered blood tests and are effective screening tests to exclude cirrhosis in people with chronic liver disease, triaging the need for further investigations to confirm cirrhosis and linkage to specialist care. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study aims to evaluate the impact of a population screening program for liver cirrhosis (CAPRISE [Cirrhosis Automated APRI and FIB-4 Screening Evaluation]), which uses automated APRI and FIB-4 calculation and reporting on routinely ordered blood tests, on monthly rates of referral for transient elastography, cirrhosis diagnosis, and linkage to specialist care. METHODS: We have partnered with a large pathology service in Victoria, Australia, to pilot a population-level liver cirrhosis screening package, which comprises (1) automated calculation and reporting of APRI and FIB-4 on routinely ordered blood tests; (2) provision of brief information about liver cirrhosis; and (3) a web link for transient elastography referral. APRI and FIB-4 will be prospectively calculated on all community-ordered pathology results in adults attending a single pathology service. This single-center, prospective, single-arm, pre-post study will compare the monthly rates of transient elastography (FibroScan) referral, liver cirrhosis diagnosis, and the proportion linked to specialist care in the 6 months after intervention to the 6 months prior to the intervention. RESULTS: As of January 2024, in the preintervention phase of this study, a total of 120,972 tests were performed by the laboratory. Of these tests, 78,947 (65.3%) tests were excluded, with the remaining 42,025 (34.7%) tests on 37,872 individua

Published
2024

34. Point-of-care HCV RNA testing improves hepatitis C testing rates and allows rapid treatment initiation among people who inject drugs attending a medically supervised injecting facility

Author

MacIsaac, MB, Whitton, B, Anderson, J, Cogger, S, Vella-Horne, D, Penn, M, Weeks, A, Elmore, K, Pemberton, D, Winter, RJ, Papaluca, T, Howell, J, Hellard, M, Stoové, M, Wilson, D, Pedrana, A, Doyle, JS, Clark, N, Holmes, JA, Thompson, AJ, MacIsaac, MB, Whitton, B, Anderson, J, Cogger, S, Vella-Horne, D, Penn, M, Weeks, A, Elmore, K, Pemberton, D, Winter, RJ, Papaluca, T, Howell, J, Hellard, M, Stoové, M, Wilson, D, Pedrana, A, Doyle, JS, Clark, N, Holmes, JA, and Thompson, AJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND: To achieve hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination targets, simplified care engaging people who inject drugs is required. We evaluated whether fingerstick HCV RNA point-of-care testing (PoCT) increased the proportion of clients attending a supervised injecting facility who were tested for hepatitis C. METHODS: Prospective single-arm study with recruitment between 9 November 2020 and 28 January 2021 and follow-up to 31 July 2021. Clients attending the supervised injecting facility were offered HCV RNA testing using the Xpert® HCV Viral Load Fingerstick (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA) PoCT. Participants with a positive HCV RNA test were prescribed direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapy. The primary endpoint was the proportion of clients who engaged in HCV RNA PoCT, compared to a historical comparator group when venepuncture-based hepatitis C testing was standard of care. RESULTS: Among 1618 clients who attended the supervised injecting facility during the study period, 228 (14%) engaged in PoCT. This was significantly higher than that observed in the historical comparator group (61/1,775, 3%; p < 0.001). Sixty-five (28%) participants were HCV RNA positive, with 40/65 (62%) receiving their result on the same day as testing. Sixty-one (94%) HCV RNA positive participants were commenced on DAA therapy; 14/61 (23%) started treatment on the same day as diagnosis. There was no difference in the proportion of HCV RNA positive participants commenced on treatment with DAA therapy when compared to the historical comparator group (61/65, 94% vs 22/26, 85%; p = 0.153). However, the median time to treatment initiation was significantly shorter in the PoCT cohort (2 days (IQR 1-20) vs 41 days (IQR 22-76), p < 0.001). Among participants who commenced treatment and had complete follow-up data available, 27/36 (75%) achieved hepatitis C cure. CONCLUSIONS: HCV RNA PoCT led to a significantly higher proportion of clients attending a supervised injecting facility engaging in hepatitis C t

Published
2024

35. Trapping in irradiated p-on-n silicon sensors at fluences anticipated at the HL-LHC outer tracker

Author

Adam, W., Bergauer, T., Dragicevic, M., Friedl, M., Fruehwirth, R., Hoch, M., Hrubec, J., Krammer, M., Treberspurg, W., Waltenberger, W., Alderweireldt, S., Beaumont, W., Janssen, X., Luyckx, S., Van Mechelen, P., Van Remortel, N., Van Spilbeeck, A., Barria, P., Caillol, C., Clerbaux, B., De Lentdecker, G., Dobur, D., Favart, L., Grebenyuk, A., Lenzi, Th., Léonard, A., Maerschalk, Th., Mohammadi, A., Perniè, L., Randle-Conde, A., Reis, T., Seva, T., Thomas, L., Velde, C. Vander, Vanlaer, P., Wang, J., Zenoni, F., Zeid, S. Abu, Blekman, F., De Bruyn, I., D'Hondt, J., Daci, N., Deroover, K., Heracleous, N., Keaveney, J., Lowette, S., Moreels, L., Olbrechts, A., Python, Q., Tavernier, S., Van Mulders, P., Van Onsem, G., Van Parijs, I., Strom, D. A., Caudron, A., Ceard, L., De Callatay, B., Delaere, C., Pree, T. Du, Forthomme, L., Giammanco, A., Hollar, J., Jez, P., Michotte, D., Nuttens, C., Perrini, L., Pagano, D., Quertenmont, L., Selvaggi, M., Marono, M. Vidal, Beliy, N., Caebergs, T., Daubie, E., Hammad, G. H., Härkönen, J., Lampén, T., Luukka, P. -R., Mäenpää, T., Peltola, T., Tuominen, E., Tuovinen, E., Eerola, P., Tuuva, T., Beaulieu, G., Boudoul, G., Combaret, C., Contardo, D., Gallbit, G., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Perries, S., Sabes, D., Donckt, M. Vander, Verdier, P., Viret, S., Zoccarato, Y., Agram, J. -L., Conte, E., Fontaine, J. -Ch., Andrea, J., Bloch, D., Bonnin, C., Brom, J. -M., Chabert, E., Charles, L., Goetzmann, Ch., Gross, L., Hosselet, J., Mathieu, C., Richer, M., Skovpen, K., Autermann, C., Edelhoff, M., Esser, H., Feld, L., Karpinski, W., Klein, K., Lipinski, M., Ostapchuk, A., Pierschel, G., Preuten, M., Raupach, F., Sammet, J., Schael, S., Schwering, G., Wittmer, B., Wlochal, M., Zhukov, V., Pistone, C., Fluegge, G., Kuensken, A., Geisler, M., Pooth, O., Stahl, A., Bartosik, N., Behr, J., Burgmeier, A., Calligaris, L., Dolinska, G., Eckerlin, G., Eckstein, D., Eichhorn, T., Fluke, G., Garcia, J. Garay, Gizhko, A., Hansen, K., Harb, A., Hauk, J., Kalogeropoulos, A., Kleinwort, C., Korol, I., Lange, W., Lohmann, W., Mankel, R., Maser, H., Mittag, G., Muhl, C., Mussgiller, A., Nayak, A., Ntomari, E., Perrey, H., Pitzl, D., Schroeder, M., Seitz, C., Spannagel, S., Zuber, A., Biskop, H., Blobel, V., Buhmann, P., Centis-Vignali, M., Draeger, A. -R., Erfle, J., Garutti, E., Haller, J., Hoffmann, M., Junkes, A., Lapsien, T., Mättig, S., Matysek, M., Perieanu, A., Poehlsen, J., Poehlsen, T., Scharf, Ch., Schleper, P., Schmidt, A., Sola, V., Steinbrück, G., Wellhausen, J., Barvich, T., Barth, Ch., Boegelspacher, F., De Boer, W., Butz, E., Casele, M., Colombo, F., Dierlamm, A., Eber, R., Freund, B., Hartmann, F., Hauth, Th., Heindl, S., Hoffmann, K. -H., Husemann, U., Kornmeyer, A., Mallows, S., Muller, Th., Nuernberg, A., Printz, M., Simonis, H. J., Steck, P., Weber, M., Weiler, Th., Bhardwaj, A., Kumar, A., Ranjan, K., Bakhshiansohl, H., Behnamian, H., Khakzad, M., Naseri, M., Cariola, P., De Robertis, G., Fiore, L., Franco, M., Loddo, F., Sala, G., Silvestris, L., Creanza, D., De Palma, M., Maggi, G., My, S., Selvaggi, G., Albergo, S., Cappello, G., Chiorboli, M., Costa, S., Giordano, F., Di Mattia, A., Potenza, R., Saizu, M. A., Tricomi, A., Tuvè, C., Barbagli, G., Brianzi, M., Ciaranfi, R., Civinini, C., Gallo, E., Meschini, M., Paoletti, S., Sguazzoni, G., Ciulli, V., D'Alessandro, R., Gonzi, S., Gori, V., Focardi, E., Lenzi, P., Scarlini, E., Tropiano, A., Viliani, L., Ferro, F., Robutti, E., Vetere, M. Lo, Gennai, S., Malvezzi, S., Menasce, D., Moroni, L., Pedrini, D., Dinardo, M., Fiorendi, S., Manzoni, R. A., Azzi, P., Bacchetta, N., Bisello, D., Dall'Osso, M., Dorigo, T., Giubilato, P., Pozzobon, N., Tosi, M., Zucchetta, A., De Canio, F., Gaioni, L., Manghisoni, M., Nodari, B., Re, V., Traversi, G., Comotti, D., Ratti, L., Bilei, G. M., Bissi, L., Checcucci, B., Magalotti, D., Menichelli, M., Saha, A., Servoli, L., Storchi, L., Biasini, M., Conti, E., Ciangottini, D., Fanò, L., Lariccia, P., Mantovani, G., Passeri, D., Placidi, P., Salvatore, M., Santocchia, A., Solestizi, L. A., Spiezia, A., Androsov, K., Azzurri, P., Arezzini, S., Bagliesi, G., Basti, A., Boccali, T., Bosi, F., Castaldi, R., Ciampa, A., Cioccid, M. A., Dell'Orso, R., Fedi, G., Giassi, A., Grippod, M. T., Lomtadze, T., Magazzu, G., Mazzoni, E., Minuti, M., Moggi, A., Moond, C. S., Morsani, F., Palla, F., Palmonari, F., Raffaelli, F., Savoy-Navarro, A., Serban, A. T., Spagnolo, P., Tenchini, R., Venturi, A., Verdini, P. G., Martini, L., Messineo, A., Rizzi, A., Tonelli, G., Calzolari, F., Donato, S., Fiori, F., Ligabue, F., Vernieri, C., Demaria, N., Rivetti, A., Bellan, R., Casasso, S., Costa, M., Covarelli, R., Migliore, E., Monteil, E., Musich, M., Pacher, L., Ravera, F., Romero, A., Solano, A., Trapani, P., Echeverria, R. Jaramillo, Fernandez, M., Gomez, G., Moya, D., Sanchez, F. J. Gonzalez, Sanchez, F. J. Munoz, Vila, I., Virto, A. L., Abbaneo, D., Ahmed, I., Albert, E., Auzinger, G., Berruti, G., Bianchi, G., Blanchot, G., Breuker, H., Ceresa, D., Christiansen, J., Cichy, K., Daguin, J., D'Alfonso, M., D'Auria, A., Detraz, S., De Visscher, S., Deyrail, D., Faccio, F., Felici, D., Frank, N., Gill, K., Giordano, D., Harris, P., Honma, A., Kaplon, J., Kornmayer, A., Kottelat, L., Kovacs, M., Mannelli, M., Marchioro, A., Marconi, S., Martina, S., Mersi, S., Michelis, S., Moll, M., Onnela, A., Pakulski, T., Pavis, S., Peisert, A., Pernot, J. -F., Petagna, P., Petrucciani, G., Postema, H., Rose, P., Rzonca, M., Stoye, M., Tropea, P., Troska, J., Tsirou, A., Vasey, F., Vichoudis, P., Verlaat, B., Zwalinski, L., Bachmair, F., Becker, R., Bäni, L., di Calafiori, D., Casal, B., Djambazov, L., Donega, M., Dünser, M., Eller, P., Grab, C., Hits, D., Horisberger, U., Hoss, J., Kasieczka, G., Lustermann, W., Mangano, B., Marionneau, M., del Arbol, P. Martinez Ruiz, Masciovecchio, M., Perrozzi, L., Roeser, U., Rossini, M., Starodumov, A., Takahashi, M., Wallny, R., Amsler, C., Bösiger, K., Caminada, L., Canelli, F., Chiochia, V., de Cosa, A., Galloni, C., Hreus, T., Kilminster, B., Lange, C., Maier, R., Ngadiuba, J., Pinna, D., Robmann, P., Taroni, S., Yang, Y., Bertl, W., Deiters, K., Erdmann, W., Horisberger, R., Kaestli, H. -C., Kotlinski, D., Langenegger, U., Meier, B., Rohe, T., Streuli, S., Chen, P. -H., Dietz, C., Grundler, U., Hou, W. -S., Lu, R. -S., Moya, M., Wilken, R., Cussans, D., Flacher, H., Goldstein, J., Grimes, M., Jacob, J., Nasr-Storey, S. Seif El, Cole, J., Hobson, P., Leggat, D., Reid, I. D., Teodorescu, L., Bainbridge, R., Dauncey, P., Fulcher, J., Hall, G., Magnan, A. -M., Pesaresi, M., Raymond, D. M., Uchida, K., Coughlan, J. A., Harder, K., Ilic, J., Tomalin, I. R., Garabedian, A., Heintz, U., Narain, M., Nelson, J., Sagir, S., Speer, T., Swanson, J., Tersegno, D., Watson-Daniels, J., Chertok, M., Conway, J., Conway, R., Flores, C., Lander, R., Pellett, D., Ricci-Tam, F., Squires, M., Thomson, J., Yohay, R., Burt, K., Ellison, J., Hanson, G., Malberti, M., Olmedo, M., Cerati, G., Sharma, V., Vartak, A., Yagil, A., Della Porta, G. Zevi, Dutta, V., Gouskos, L., Incandela, J., Kyre, S., McColl, N., Mullin, S., White, D., Cumalat, J. P., Ford, W. T., Gaz, A., Krohn, M., Stenson, K., Wagner, S. R., Baldin, B., Bolla, G., Burkett, K., Butler, J., Cheung, H., Chramowicz, J., Christian, D., Cooper, W. E., Deptuch, G., Derylo, G., Gingu, C., Gruenendahl, S., Hasegawa, S., Hoff, J., Howell, J., Hrycyk, M., Jindariani, S., Johnson, M., Jung, A., Joshi, U., Kahlid, F., Lei, C. M., Lipton, R., Liu, T., Los, S., Matulik, M., Merkel, P., Nahn, S., Prosser, A., Rivera, R., Shenai, A., Spiegel, L., Tran, N., Uplegger, L., Voirin, E., Yin, H., Adams, M. R., Berry, D. R., Evdokimov, A., Evdokimov, O., Gerber, C. E., Hofman, D. J., Kapustka, B. K., O'Brien, C., Gonzalez, D. I. Sandoval, Trauger, H., Turner, P., Parashar, N., Stupak, J., Bortoletto, D., Bubna, M., Hinton, N., Jones, M., Miller, D. H., Shi, X., Tan, P., Baringer, P., Bean, A., Benelli, G., Gray, J., Majumder, D., Noonan, D., Sanders, S., Stringer, R., Ivanov, A., Makouski, M., Skhirtladze, N., Taylor, R., Anderson, I., Fehling, D., Gritsan, A., Maksimovic, P., Martin, C., Nash, K., Osherson, M., Swartz, M., Xiao, M., Acosta, J. G., Cremaldi, L. M., Oliveros, S., Perera, L., Summers, D., Bloom, K., Bose, S., Claes, D. R., Dominguez, A., Fangmeier, C., Suarez, R. Gonzalez, Meier, F., Monroy, J., Hahn, K., Sevova, S., Sung, K., Trovato, M., Bartz, E., Duggan, D., Halkiadakis, E., Lath, A., Park, M., Schnetzer, S., Stone, R., Walker, M., Malik, S., Mendez, H., Vargas, J. E. Ramirez, Alyari, M., Dolen, J., George, J., Godshalk, A., Iashvili, I., Kaisen, J., Kharchilava, A., Rappoccio, S., Alexander, J., Chaves, J., Chu, J., Dittmer, S., Kaufman, G., Mirman, N., Ryd, A., Salvati, E., Skinnari, L., Thom, J., Thompson, J., Tucker, J., Winstrom, L., Akgün, B., Ecklund, K. M., Nussbaum, T., Zabel, J., Betchart, B., Demina, R., Hindrichs, O., Petrillo, G., Eusebi, R., Osipenkov, I., Perloff, A., Ulmer, K. A., Delannoy, A. G., D'Angelo, P., and Johns, W.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The degradation of signal in silicon sensors is studied under conditions expected at the CERN High-Luminosity LHC. 200 $\mu$m thick n-type silicon sensors are irradiated with protons of different energies to fluences of up to $3 \cdot 10^{15}$ neq/cm$^2$. Pulsed red laser light with a wavelength of 672 nm is used to generate electron-hole pairs in the sensors. The induced signals are used to determine the charge collection efficiencies separately for electrons and holes drifting through the sensor. The effective trapping rates are extracted by comparing the results to simulation. The electric field is simulated using Synopsys device simulation assuming two effective defects. The generation and drift of charge carriers are simulated in an independent simulation based on PixelAV. The effective trapping rates are determined from the measured charge collection efficiencies and the simulated and measured time-resolved current pulses are compared. The effective trapping rates determined for both electrons and holes are about 50% smaller than those obtained using standard extrapolations of studies at low fluences and suggests an improved tracker performance over initial expectations.

Published
2015
Full Text
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36. A Proposal for a Three Detector Short-Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Program in the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam

Author

Acciarri, R., Adams, C., An, R., Andreopoulos, C., Ankowski, A. M., Antonello, M., Asaadi, J., Badgett, W., Bagby, L., Baibussinov, B., Baller, B., Barr, G., Barros, N., Bass, M., Bellini, V., Benetti, P., Bertolucci, S., Biery, K., Bilokon, H., Bishai, M., Bitadze, A., Blake, A., Boffelli, F., Bolton, T., Bonesini, M., Bremer, J., Brice, S. J., Bromberg, C., Bugel, L., Calligarich, E., Camilleri, L., Caratelli, D., Carls, B., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., Chen, H., Chi, C., Church, E., Cianci, D., Cocco, A. G., Collin, G. H., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., De Geronimo, G., Dermenev, A., Dharmapalan, R., Dixon, S., Djurcic, Z., Dytmam, S., Eberly, B., Ereditato, A., Esquivel, J., Evans, J., Falcone, A., Farnese, C., Fava, A., Ferrari, A., Fleming, B. T., Foreman, W. M., Freestone, J., Gamble, T., Garvey, G., Genty, V., Geynisman, M., Gibin, D., Gninenko, S., Göldi, D., Gollapinni, S., Golubev, N., Graham, M., Gramellini, E., Greenlee, H., Grosso, R., Guenette, R., Guglielmi, A., Hackenburg, A., Hänni, R., Hen, O., Hewes, V, Ho, J., Horton-Smith, G., Howell, J., Ivashkin, A., James, C., Jen, C. M., Johnson, R. A., Jones, B. J. P., Joshi, J., Jostlein, H., Kaleko, D., Kalousis, L. N., Karagiorgi, G., Ketchum, W., Kirby, B., Kirby, M., Kirsanov, M., Kisiel, J., Klein, J., Klinger, J., Kobilarcik, T., Kose, U., Kreslo, I., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Li, Y., Littlejohn, B., Lissauer, D., Livesly, P., Lockwitz, S., Louis, W. C., Lüthi, M., Lundberg, B., Mammoliti, F., Mannocchi, G., Marchionni, A., Mariani, C., Marshall, J., Mavrokoridis, K., McCauley, N., McConkey, N., McDonald, K., Meddage, V., Menegolli, A., Meng, G., Mercer, I., Miao, T., Miceli, T., Mills, G. B., Mladenov, D., Montanari, C., Montanari, D., Moon, J., Mooney, M., Moore, C., Moss, Z., Moulai, M. H., Mufson, S., Murrells, R., Naples, D., Nessi, M., Nicoletto, M., Nienaber, P., Norris, B., Noto, F., Nowak, J., Pal, S., Palamara, O., Paolone, V., Papavassiliou, V., Pate, S., Pater, J., Pavlovic, Z., Perkin, J., Picchi, P., Pietropaolo, F., Płoński, P., Pordes, S., Potenza, R., Pulliam, G., Qian, X., Qiuguang, L., Raaf, J. L., Radeka, V., Rameika, R., Rappoldi, A., Raselli, G. L., Ratoff, P. N., Rebel, B., Richardson, M., Rochester, L., Rossella, M., Rubbia, C., von Rohr, C. Rudolf, Russell, B., Sala, P., Scaramelli, A., Schmitz, D. W., Schukraft, A., Seligman, W., Shaevitz, M. H., Sippach, B., Snider, E., Sobczyk, J., Soderberg, M., Söldner-Rembold, S., Spanu, M., Spitz, J., Spooner, N., Stefan, D., John, J. St., Strauss, T., Sulej, R., Sutera, C. M., Szelc, A. M., Tagg, N., Taylor, C. E., Terao, K., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L., Thomson, M., Thorn, C., Torti, M., Tortorici, F., Toups, M., Touramanis, C., Tsai, Y., Usher, T., Van de Water, R., Varanini, F., Ventura, S., Vignoli, C., Wachala, T., Weber, M., Whittington, D., Wilson, P., Wolbers, S., Wongjirad, T., Woodruff, K., Xu, M., Yang, T., Yu, B., Zani, A., Zeller, G. P., Zennamo, J., and Zhang, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) physics program of three LAr-TPC detectors located along the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab is presented. This new SBN Program will deliver a rich and compelling physics opportunity, including the ability to resolve a class of experimental anomalies in neutrino physics and to perform the most sensitive search to date for sterile neutrinos at the eV mass-scale through both appearance and disappearance oscillation channels. Using data sets of 6.6e20 protons on target (P.O.T.) in the LAr1-ND and ICARUS T600 detectors plus 13.2e20 P.O.T. in the MicroBooNE detector, we estimate that a search for muon neutrino to electron neutrino appearance can be performed with ~5 sigma sensitivity for the LSND allowed (99% C.L.) parameter region. In this proposal for the SBN Program, we describe the physics analysis, the conceptual design of the LAr1-ND detector, the design and refurbishment of the T600 detector, the necessary infrastructure required to execute the program, and a possible reconfiguration of the BNB target and horn system to improve its performance for oscillation searches., Comment: 209 pages, 129 figures

Published
2015

40. Antibody Profiles According to Mild or Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020

Author

Hu, William T., Howell, J. Christina, Ozturk, Tugba, Benameur, Karima, Bassit, Leda C., Ramonell, Richard, Cashman, Kevin S., Pirmohammed, Shama, Roback, John D., Marconi, Vincent C., Yang, Irene, Mac, Valerie V., Smith, Daniel, Sanz, Ignacio, Wharton, Whitney, Lee, F. Eun-Hyung, and Schinazi, Raymond F.

Subjects
Atlanta, Georgia -- Health aspects, Immunoglobulin M -- Health aspects, Immune system -- Testing, Immunoglobulin G -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019 (1,2), and by June 2020, [approximately equal to]10 million persons worldwide had acquired the disease. The confirmatory test for severe acute respiratory syndrome [...]

Published
2020
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42. Violation of Bell's Inequalities with Classical Shimony-Wolf States: Theory and Experiment

Author

Qian, X. F., Little, B., Howell, J. C., and Eberly, J. H.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

For many decades the word "entanglement" has been firmly attached to the world of quantum mechanics, as is the phrase "Bell violation". Here we introduce Shimony-Wolf fields, entirely classical non-deterministic states, as a basis for entanglement and Bell analyses. Such fields are well known in coherence optics and are open to test. We present experimental results showing that Shimony-Wolf states exhibit strong classical Bell violation, in effect opening a way of examining a new sector of the boundary between quantum and classical physics., Comment: 15 pages

Published
2014

43. Extended [CII] Emission in Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies

Author

Diaz-Santos, T., Armus, L., Charmandaris, V., Stacey, G., Murphy, E. J., Haan, S., Stierwalt, S., Malhotra, S., Appleton, P., Inami, H., Magdis, G. E., Elbaz, D., Evans, A. S., Mazzarella, J. M., Surace, J. A., van der Werf, P. P., Xu, C. K., Lu, N., Meijerink, R., Howell, J. H., Petric, A. O., Veilleux, S., and Sanders, D. B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present Herschel/PACS observations of extended [CII]157.7{\mu}m line emission detected on ~ 1 - 10 kpc scales in 60 local luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) from the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS). We find that most of the extra-nuclear emission show [CII]/FIR ratios >~ 4 x 10^-3, larger than the mean ratio seen in the nuclei, and similar to those found in the extended disks of normal star-forming galaxies and the diffuse inter-stellar medium (ISM) of our Galaxy. The [CII] "deficits" found in the most luminous local LIRGs are therefore restricted to their nuclei. There is a trend for LIRGs with warmer nuclei to show larger differences between their nuclear and extra-nuclear [CII]/FIR ratios. We find an anti-correlation between [CII]/FIR and the luminosity surface density, {\Sigma}_IR, for the extended emission in the spatially-resolved galaxies. However, there is an offset between this trend and that found for the LIRG nuclei. We use this offset to derive a beam filling-factor for the star-forming regions within the LIRG disks of ~ 6 % relative to their nuclei. We confront the observed trend to photo-dissociation region (PDR) models and find that the slope of the correlation is much shallower than the model predictions. Finally, we compare the correlation found between [CII]/FIR and {\Sigma}_IR with measurements of high-redshift starbursting IR-luminous galaxies., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. 5 pages, 2 figures

Published
2014
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44. Warm Molecular Gas in Luminous Infrared Galaxies

Author

Lu, N., Zhao, Y., Xu, C. K., Gao, Y., Armus, L., Mazzarella, J. M., Isaak, K. G., Petric, A. O., Charmandaris, V., Diaz-Santos, T., Evans, A. S., Howell, J., Appleton, P., Inami, H., Iwasawa, K., Leech, J., Lord, S., Sanders, D. B., Schulz, B., Surace, J., and van der Werf, P. P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present our initial results on the CO rotational spectral line energy distribution (SLED) of the $J$ to $J$$-$1 transitions from $J=4$ up to $13$ from Herschel SPIRE spectroscopic observations of 65 luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS). The observed SLEDs change on average from one peaking at $J \le 4$ to a broad distribution peaking around $J \sim\,$6$-$7 as the IRAS 60-to-100 um color, $C(60/100)$, increases. However, the ratios of a CO line luminosity to the total infrared luminosity, $L_{\rm IR}$, show the smallest variation for $J$ around 6 or 7. This suggests that, for most LIRGs, ongoing star formation (SF) is also responsible for a warm gas component that emits CO lines primarily in the mid-$J$ regime ($5 \lesssim J \lesssim 10$). As a result, the logarithmic ratios of the CO line luminosity summed over CO (5$-$4), (6$-$5), (7$-$6), (8$-$7) and (10$-$9) transitions to $L_{\rm IR}$, $\log R_{\rm midCO}$, remain largely independent of $C(60/100)$, and show a mean value of $-4.13$ ($\equiv \log R^{\rm SF}_{\rm midCO}$) and a sample standard deviation of only 0.10 for the SF-dominated galaxies. Including additional galaxies from the literature, we show, albeit with small number of cases, the possibility that galaxies, which bear powerful interstellar shocks unrelated to the current SF, and galaxies, in which an energetic active galactic nucleus contributes significantly to the bolometric luminosity, have their $R_{\rm midCO}$ higher and lower than $R^{\rm SF}_{\rm midCO}$, respectively., Comment: Accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters; 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2014
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45. Extrafollicular B cell responses correlate with neutralizing antibodies and morbidity in COVID-19

Author

Woodruff, Matthew C., Ramonell, Richard P., Nguyen, Doan C., Cashman, Kevin S., Saini, Ankur Singh, Haddad, Natalie S., Ley, Ariel M., Kyu, Shuya, Howell, J. Christina, Ozturk, Tugba, Lee, Saeyun, Suryadevara, Naveenchandra, Case, James Brett, Bugrovsky, Regina, Chen, Weirong, Estrada, Jacob, Morrison-Porter, Andrea, Derrico, Andrew, Anam, Fabliha A., Sharma, Monika, Wu, Henry M., Le, Sang N., Jenks, Scott A., Tipton, Christopher M., Staitieh, Bashar, Daiss, John L., Ghosn, Eliver, Diamond, Michael S., Carnahan, Robert H., Crowe, Jr., James E., Hu, William T., Lee, F. Eun-Hyung, and Sanz, Ignacio

Published
2020
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47. Encephalopathy and Encephalitis Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Alterations and Coronavirus Disease, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020

Author

Benameur, Karima, Agarwal, Ankita, Auld, Sara C., Butters, Matthew P., Webster, Andrew S., Ozturk, Tugba, Howell, J. Christina, Bassit, Leda C., Velasquez, Alvaro, Schinazi, Raymond F., Mullins, Mark E., and Hu, William T.

Subjects
Interleukins -- Health aspects, Diagnostic imaging -- Health aspects, Coronavirus infections -- Development and progression, Encephalopathy -- Development and progression, Coronaviruses -- Health aspects, Peramivir -- Health aspects, Encephalitis -- Development and progression, Health
Abstract

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to >1.5 million infections in the United States (30% of global cases) and >90,000 deaths as of [...]

Published
2020
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48. Mid-Infrared Atomic Fine-Structure Emission Line Spectra of Luminous Infrared Galaxies: Spitzer/IRS Spectra of the GOALS Sample

Author

Inami, H., Armus, L., Charmandaris, V., Groves, B., Kewley, L., Petric, A., Stierwalt, S., Díaz-Santos, T., Surace, J., Rich, J., Haan, S., Howell, J., Evans, A., Mazzarella, J., Marshall, J., Appleton, P., Lord, S., Spoon, H., Frayer, D., Matsuhara, H., and Veilleux, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the data and our analysis of MIR fine-structure emission lines detected in Spitzer/IRS high-res spectra of 202 local LIRGs observed as part of the GOALS project. We detect emission lines of [SIV], [NeII], [NeV], [NeIII], [SIII]18.7, [OIV], [FeII], [SIII]33.5, and [SiII]. Over 75% of our galaxies are classified as starburst (SB) sources in the MIR. We compare ratios of the emission line fluxes to stellar photo- and shock-ionization models to constrain the gas properties in the SB nuclei. Comparing the [SIV]/[NeII] and [NeIII]/[NeII] ratios to the Starburst99-Mappings III models with an instantaneous burst history, the line ratios suggest that the SB in our LIRGs have ages of 1-4.5Myr, metallicities of 1-2Z_sun, and ionization parameters of 2-8e7cm/s. Based on the [SIII]/[SIII] ratios, the electron density in LIRG nuclei has a median electron density of ~300cm-3 for sources above the low density limit. We also find that strong shocks are likely present in 10 SB sources. A significant fraction of the GOALS sources have resolved neon lines and 5 show velocity differences of >200km/s in [NeIII] or [NeV] relative to [NeII]. Furthermore, 6 SB and 5 AGN LIRGs show a trend of increasing line width with ionization potential, suggesting the possibility of a compact energy source and stratified ISM in their nuclei. We confirm a strong correlation between the [NeII]+[NeIII] emission, as well as [SIII]33.5, with both the IR luminosity and the 24um warm dust emission measured from the spectra. Finally, we find no correlation between the hardness of the radiation field or the line width and the ratio of the total IR to 8um emission (IR8). This may be because the IR luminosity and the MIR fine-structure lines are sensitive to different timescales over the SB, or that IR8 is more sensitive to the geometry of the warm dust region than the radiation field producing the HII region emission., Comment: 18 pages, 17 figures, Accepted for publication in the ApJ

Published
2013
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49. Explaining the [CII]158um Deficit in Luminous Infrared Galaxies - First Results from a Herschel/PACS Study of the GOALS Sample

Author

Diaz-Santos, T., Armus, L., Charmandaris, V., Stierwalt, S., Murphy, E. J., Haan, S., Inami, H., Malhotra, S., Meijerink, R., Stacey, G., Petric, A. O., Evans, A. S., Veilleux, S., van der Werf, P. P., Lord, S., Lu, N., Howell, J. H., Appleton, P., Mazzarella, J. M., Surace, J. A., Xu, C. K., Schulz, B., Sanders, D. B., Bridge, C., Chan, B. H. P., Frayer, D. T., Iwasawa, K., Melbourne, J., and Sturm, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the first results of a survey of the [CII]158um emission line in 241 luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) comprising the Great Observatories All-sky Survey (GOALS) sample, obtained with the PACS instrument on board Herschel. The [CII] luminosities of the LIRGs in GOALS range from ~10^7 to 2x10^9 Lsun. We find that LIRGs show a tight correlation of [CII]/FIR with far-IR flux density ratios, with a strong negative trend spanning from ~10^-2 to 10^-4, as the average temperature of dust increases. We find correlations between the [CII]/FIR ratio and the strength of the 9.7um silicate absorption feature as well as with the luminosity surface density of the mid-IR emitting region (Sigma_MIR), suggesting that warmer, more compact starbursts have substantially smaller [CII]/FIR ratios. Pure star-forming (SF) LIRGs have a mean [CII]/FIR ~ 4x10^-3, while galaxies with low 6.2um PAH equivalent widths (EWs), indicative of the presence of active galactic nuclei (AGN), span the full range in [CII]/FIR. However, we show that even when only pure SF galaxies are considered, the [CII]/FIR ratio drops by an order of magnitude, from 10^-2 to 10^-3, with Sigma_MIR and Sigma_IR, implying that the [CII] luminosity is not a good indicator of the star formation rate (SFR) for most LIRGs, for it does not scale linearly with the warm dust emission. Moreover, even in LIRGs in which we detect an AGN in the mid-IR, the majority (2/3) of galaxies show [CII]/FIR >= 10^-3 typical of high 6.2um PAH EW sources, suggesting that most AGNs do not contribute significantly to the far-IR emission. We provide an empirical relation between the [CII]/FIR and the specific SFR (SSFR) for SF LIRGs. Finally, we present predictions for the starburst size based on the observed [CII] and far-IR luminosities which should be useful for comparing with results from future surveys of high-redshift galaxies with ALMA and CCAT., Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Table 1 will be available in the electronic version of the paper and also soon at http://goals.ipac.caltech.edu

Published
2013
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50. The Build-Up of Nuclear Stellar Cusps in Extreme Starburst Galaxies and Major Mergers

Author

Haan, S., Armus, L., Surace, J. A., Charmandaris, V., Evans, A. S., Diaz-Santos, T., Melbourne, J. L., Mazzarella, J. M., Howell, J. H., Stierwalt, S., Kim, D. C., Vavilkin, T., Sanders, D. B., Petric, A., Murphy, E. J., Braun, R., Bridge, C. R., and Inami, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Nuclear stellar cusps are defined as central excess light component in the stellar light profiles of galaxies and are suggested to be stellar relics of intense compact starbursts in the central ~100-500 pc region of gas-rich major mergers. Here we probe the build-up of nuclear cusps during the actual starburst phase for a complete sample of Luminous Infrared Galaxy systems (85 LIRGs, with 11.4

Published
2013
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