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1. The Changing Landscape for Funding Research and Development

Author

Ulferts, Gregory W., Cannon, Nicholas J., and Howard, Terry L.

Abstract

This research seeks to describe the continuing predicament of R&D funding in the U.S. and to provide support for a return to higher R&D spending as a proportion of GDP to maintain American leadership in innovation. Historically, government investment has funded most foundational scientific research leading to technological advances in communications, recording, and networks, including global positioning systems to the Internet. The U.S. has been leading in research and development. However, that investment leadership position is in question due to declining proportionate government support for R&D. The R&D function in private enterprise is ill-equipped to support long-term innovation, which will reward competitors. Past and current research evidence shows that public R&D investment leads private investment and furthers the strategic goals of innovation and economic growth. The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented public research commitments to the rapid development of drugs, vaccines, and various protective and medical equipment. The long-term impact of this public investment on innovation is not clear. According to some theories, the trend of declining U.S. public investment in R&D will negatively impact U.S. economic growth.

Published
2021

2. Factors associated with delayed and late ART initiation among people living with HIV in BC: results from the engage study

Author

Kesselring, Sarah, Osborne, Charles, Bever, Andrea, Salters, Kate, Cui, Zishan, Chia, Jason, Moore, David M, Parashar, Surita, Kaida, Angela, Samji, Hasina, Duddy, Janice, Gabler, Karyn, Howard, Terry, Nash, Denis, McCandless, Lawrence C, Patterson, Thomas L, Corneil, Trevor, Montaner, Julio SG, and Hogg, Robert S

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, HIV/AIDS, Clinical Research, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, British Columbia, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cohort Studies, Delayed Diagnosis, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Male, Marital Status, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, Time-to-Treatment, HIV, ART, treatment initiation, linkage to care, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Public health, Sociology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

We examined correlates of late and delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in British Columbia, Canada. From December 2013 to December 2015 we recruited treatment-naïve people living with HIV who initiated ART within the previous year. 'Late initiation' was defined as CD4 cell count ≤500 cells/µL at ART initiation and 'delayed initiation' as ≥1 year between HIV diagnosis and initiation. Multivariable logistic regression assessed independent correlates of late and delayed initiation. Of 87 participants, 44 (51%) initiated late and 22 (26%) delayed initiation. Delayed initiation was positively associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.06 per year, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.01-1.12) and inversely associated with wanting to start ART at diagnosis (AOR: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02-0.21). Variables associated with late initiation were older age (AOR: 1.09 per year, 95% CI: 1.03-1.15) and medical reason(s) for initiation (AOR: 5.00, 95% CI: 1.41-17.86). Late initiation was less likely among those with greater perceived ART efficacy (AOR 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98) and history of incarceration (AOR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.03-0.56). Disparities in timing of initiation were observed for age, perceived ART efficacy, and history of incarceration. Enhanced health services that address these factors may facilitate earlier treatment initiation.

Published
2019

8. Envisioning Women-Centered HIV Care: Perspectives from Women Living with HIV in Canada

Author

Anema, Aranka, Becker, Denise, Brotto, Lori, Carter, Allison, Cardinal, Claudette, Colley, Guillaume, Ding, Erin, Duddy, Janice, Gataric, Nada, Hogg, Robert S., Howard, Terry, Jabbari, Shahab, Jones, Evin, Kestler, Mary, Langlois, Andrea, Lima, Viviane, Lloyd-Smith, Elisa, Medjuck, Melissa, Miller, Cari, Money, Deborah, Nicholson, Valerie, Ogilvie, Gina, Patterson, Sophie, Pick, Neora, Roth, Eric, Salters, Kate, Sanchez, Margarite, Sas, Jacquie, Sereda, Paul, Summers, Marcie, Tom, Christina, Wang, Clara, Webster, Kath, Zhang, Wendy, Abdul-Noor, Rahma, Angel, Jonathan, Barry, Fatimatou, Bauer, Greta, Beaver, Kerrigan, Benoit, Anita, Bertozzi, Breklyn, Borton, Sheila, Bourque, Tammy, Brophy, Jason, Burchell, Ann, Carlson, Allison, Cioppa, Lynne, Cohen, Jeffrey, Conway, Tracey, Cooper, Curtis, Cotnam, Jasmine, Cousineau, Janette, Desbiens, Marisol, Fraleigh, Annette, Gagnier, Brenda, Gasingirwa, Claudine, Greene, Saara, Hart, Trevor, Islam, Shazia, Kaushic, Charu, Kennedy, Logan, Kerr, Desiree, Kwaramba, Gladys, Leonard, Lynne, Lewis, Johanna, Logie, Carmen, Margolese, Shari, Muchenje, Marvelous, Ndung'u, Mary (Muthoni), O’Brien, Kelly, Ouellette, Charlene, Powis, Jeff, Quan, Corinna, Raboud, Janet, Rachlis, Anita, Ralph, Edward, Rourke, Sean, Rueda, Sergio, Sandre, Roger, Smaill, Fiona, Smith, Stephanie, Tigere, Tsitsi, Tharao, Wangari, Walmsley, Sharon, Wobeser, Wendy, Yee, Jessica, Yudin, Mark, Bakombo, Dada Mamvula, Baril, Jean-Guy, Boucher, Marc, Boucoiran, Isabelle, Burke, Nora Butler, Clément, Pierrette, Côté, José, Dayle, Janice, Dubuc, Danièle, Fernet, Mylène, Gagnon, Marilou, Groleau, Danielle, Hot, Aurélie, Kiboyogo, Maxime, Klein, Marina, Lacasse, Gary, Lamarre, Valérie, Martin, Carrie, Massie, Lyne, Ménard, Brigitte, Monteith, Ken, O'Brien, Nadia, Otis, Joanne, Peltier, Doris, Pierre, Alie, Proulx-Boucher, Karène, Rouleau, Danielle, Rouleau, Geneviève, Savoie, Édénia, Tremblay, Cécile, Trottier, Benoit, Trottier, Sylvie, Tsoukas, Christos, Gahagan, Jacqueline, Hankins, Catherine, Masching, Renee, Ogunnaike-Cooke, Susanna, Kaufman, Elaina, Ennabil, Nourane, Andersson, Neil, Loutfy, Mona, de Pokomandy, Alexandra, and Kaida, Angela

Published
2017
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11. Treatment interruptions and community connectedness among gbMSM living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada

Author

Sang, Jordan M., primary, Cui, Zishan, additional, Wang, Lu, additional, Bacani, Nicanor, additional, Lachowsky, Nathan J., additional, Lal, Allan, additional, Card, Kiffer G., additional, Roth, Eric A., additional, Montaner, Julio S. G., additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Hogg, Robert S., additional, and Moore, David M., additional

Published
2022
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12. Virological suppression among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men living with HIV in Vancouver, Canada: A longitudinal cohort study from 2012–2017

Author

Armstrong, Heather L., primary, Gitelman, Julian, additional, Cui, Zishan, additional, Bacani, Nicanor, additional, Sereda, Paul, additional, Lachowsky, Nathan J., additional, Card, Kiffer G., additional, Sang, Jordan M., additional, Raymond, Henry F., additional, Montaner, Julio, additional, Hall, David, additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Hull, Mark, additional, Hogg, Robert S., additional, Roth, Eric A., additional, and Moore, David M., additional

Published
2022
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13. A longitudinal study of associations between HIV-related stigma, recent violence and depression among women living with HIV in a Canadian cohort study

Author

Logie, Carmen H., Marcus, Natania, Wang, Ying, Kaida, Angela, O'Campo, Patricia, Ahmed, Uzma, O'Brien, Nadia, Nicholson, Valerie, Conway, Tracey, Pokomandy, Alexandra, Fernet, Mylène, Loutfy, Mona, Anema, Aranka, Becker, Denise, Brotto, Lori, Carter, Allison, Cardinal, Claudette, Colley, Guillaume, Ding, Erin, Duddy, Janice, Gataric, Nada, Hogg, Robert S., Howard, Terry, Jabbari, Shahab, Jones, Evin, Kestler, Mary, Langlois, Andrea, Lima, Viviane, Lloyd?Smith, Elisa, Medjuck, Melissa, Miller, Cari, Money, Deborah, Ogilvie, Gina, Patterson, Sophie, Pick, Neora, Roth, Eric, Salters, Kate, Sanchez, Margarite, Sas, Jacquie, Sereda, Paul, Summers, Marcie, Tom, Christina, Wang, Lu, Webster, Kath, Zhang, Wendy, Abdul?Noor, Rahma, Angel, Jonathan, Barry, Fatimatou, Bauer, Greta, Beaver, Kerrigan, Benoit, Anita, Bertozzi, Breklyn, Borton, Sheila, Bourque, Tammy, Brophy, Jason, Burchell, Ann, Carlson, Allison, Cioppa, Lynne, Cohen, Jeffrey, Cooper, Curtis, Cotnam, Jasmine, Cousineau, Janette, Gagnier, Brenda, Gasingirwa, Claudine, Greene, Saara, Hart, Trevor, Islam, Shazia, Kennedy, Logan, Kerr, Desiree, Kiboyogo, Maxime, Kwaramba, Gladys, Leonard, Lynne, Lewis, Johanna, Margolese, Shari, Muchenje, Marvelous, O'Brien, Kelly, Ouellette, Charlene, Powis, Jeff, Quan, Corinna, Raboud, Janet, Rachlis, Anita, Ralph, Edward, Rourke, Sean, Rueda, Sergio, Sandre, Roger, Smaill, Fiona, Smith, Stephanie, Tigere, Tsitsi, Tharao, Wangari, Walmsley, Sharon, Wobeser, Wendy, Yee, Jessica, Yudin, Mark, Bakombo, Dada Mamvula, Baril, Jean?Guy, Burke, Nora Butler, Clément, Pierrette, Dayle, Janice, Dubuc, Danièle, Groleau, Danielle, Hot, Aurélie, Klein, Marina, Martin, Carrie, Massie, Lyne, Ménard, Brigitte, Otis, Joanne, Peltier, Doris, Pierre, Alie, Proulx?Boucher, Karène, Rouleau, Danielle, Savoie, Édénia, Tremblay, Cécile, Trottier, Benoit, Trottier, Sylvie, Tsoukas, Christos, Gahagan, Jacqueline, Hankins, Catherine, Masching, Renee, and Ogunnaike?Cooke, Susanna

Subjects
Women -- Health aspects, Discrimination against AIDS virus carriers -- Prevention, HIV patients -- Care and treatment, Stigma (Social psychology) -- Analysis, Family violence -- Demographic aspects -- Prevention, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Women living with HIV (WLHIV) experience stigma and elevated exposure to violence in comparison with HIV‐negative women. We examined the mediating role of experiencing recent violence in the relationship between stigma and depression among WLHIV in Canada. Methods: We conducted a cohort study with WLHIV in three Canadian provinces. Recent violence was assessed through self‐reported experiences of control, physical, sexual or verbal abuse in the past three months. At Time 1 (2013‐2015) three forms of stigma were assessed (HIV‐related, racial, gender) and at Time 2 (2015‐2017) only HIV‐related stigma was assessed. We conducted structural equation modelling (SEM) using the maximum likelihood estimation method with Time 1 data to identify direct and indirect effects of gender discrimination, racial discrimination and HIV‐related stigma on depression via recent violence. We then conducted mixed effects regression and SEM using Time 1 and Time 2 data to examine associations between HIV‐related stigma, recent violence and depression. Results: At Time 1 (n = 1296), the direct path from HIV‐related stigma (direct effect: β = 0.200, p < 0.001; indirect effect: β = 0.014, p < 0.05) to depression was significant; recent violence accounted for 6.5% of the total effect. Gender discrimination had a significant direct and indirect effect on depression (direct effect: β = 0.167, p < 0.001; indirect effect: β = 0.050, p < 0.001); recent violence explained 23.15% of the total effect. Including Time 1 and Time 2 data (n = 1161), mixed‐effects regression results indicate a positive relationship over time between HIV‐related stigma and depression (Acoef: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.06, p < 0.001), and recent violence and depression (Acoef: 1.95, 95% CI: 0.29, 4.42, p < 0.05), controlling for socio‐demographics. There was a significant interaction between HIV‐related stigma and recent violence with depression (Acoef: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.07, p < 0.05). SEM analyses reveal that HIV‐related stigma had a significant direct and indirect effect on depression over time (direct effect: β = 0.178, p < 0.001; indirect effect: β = 0.040, p < 0.001); recent violence experiences accounted for 51% of the total effect. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that HIV‐related stigma is associated with increased experiences of recent violence, and both stigma and violence are associated with increased depression among WLHIV in Canada. There is an urgent need for trauma‐informed stigma interventions to address stigma, discrimination and violence., Introduction Gender‐based violence (GBV) disproportionately impacts and compromises the wellbeing of women and girls across the world. A global participatory survey among women living with HIV (WLHIV) found that 89% [...]

Published
2019
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15. Treatment interruptions and community connectedness among gbMSM living with HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada.

Author

Sang, Jordan M., Cui, Zishan, Wang, Lu, Bacani, Nicanor, Lachowsky, Nathan J., Lal, Allan, Card, Kiffer G., Roth, Eric A., Montaner, Julio S. G., Howard, Terry, Hogg, Robert S., and Moore, David M.

Subjects
HIV infections, CONFIDENCE intervals, MULTIVARIATE analysis, COMMUNITY support, PATIENTS' attitudes, TREATMENT effectiveness, HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy, LGBTQ+ people, DRUGS, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, MEN who have sex with men, PATIENT compliance, LOGISTIC regression analysis, ODDS ratio, DATA analysis software
Abstract

HIV treatment interruptions are a major public health concern that demonstrate a lack of engagement in care and is detrimental to the health of people living with HIV. Community connectedness have demonstrated a protective effect for psychosocial health but are not well understood for HIV treatment outcomes. We explored associations between community connectedness and treatment interruptions among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) living with HIV in Vancouver, British Columbia. We analyzed survey data from the Momentum Health Study and identified treatment interruptions through data linkages with the provincial HIV Drug Treatment Program as episodes lasting more than 60 days beyond an expected antiretroviral therapy refill date from February 2012 to July 2019. We built a mixed-effects logistic regression model, adjusting for confounders. Of 213 gbMSM living with HIV, 54 experienced treatment interruption (25.4%) over a median five-year follow-up. Multivariable results found the number gbMSM who spoken to in the past month (aOR = 0.995; 95% CI = 0.991, 1.000 (per 100-unit increase)) and attending a gay community meeting more than once per month (aOR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.11, 0.89) were associated with lower odds of treatment interruptions. These results highlight the importance of social connections in facilitating effective HIV care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. Help-Seeking to Cope With Experiences of Violence Among Women Living With HIV in Canada

Author

Gormley, Rebecca, primary, Nicholson, Valerie, additional, Parry, Rebeccah, additional, Lee, Melanie, additional, Webster, Kath, additional, Sanchez, Margarite, additional, Cardinal, Claudette, additional, Li, Jenny, additional, Wang, Lu, additional, Balleny, Rosa, additional, de Pokomandy, Alexandra, additional, Loutfy, Mona, additional, Kaida, Angela, additional, Abdul-Noor, Rahma, additional, Anema, Aranka, additional, Angel, Jonathan, additional, Bakombo, Dada Mamvula, additional, Barry, Fatimatou, additional, Bauer, Greta, additional, Beaver, Kerrigan, additional, Boucher, Marc, additional, Boucoiran, Isabelle, additional, Brophy, Jason, additional, Brotto, Lori, additional, Burchell, Ann, additional, Carter, Allison, additional, Cioppa, Lynne, additional, Conway, Tracey, additional, Côté, José, additional, Cotnam, Jasmine, additional, d’Ambrumenil, Cori, additional, Dayle, Janice, additional, Ding, Erin, additional, Dubuc, Danièle, additional, Duddy, Janice, additional, Fernet, Mylène, additional, Fraleigh, Annette, additional, Frank, Peggy, additional, Gagnier, Brenda, additional, Gagnon, Marilou, additional, Gahagan, Jacqueline, additional, Gasingirwa, Claudine, additional, Gataric, Nada, additional, Gormley, Rebecca, additional, Greene, Saara, additional, Groleau, Danielle, additional, Guerlotté, Charlotte, additional, Hart, Trevor, additional, Hankins, Catherine, additional, Hawa, Roula, additional, Heer, Emily, additional, Hogg, Robert S., additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Islam, Shazia, additional, Jean-Gilles, Joseph, additional, Jefferis, Hermione, additional, Jones, Evin, additional, Kaushic, Charu, additional, Kazemi, Mina, additional, Kestler, Mary, additional, Kiboyogo, Maxime, additional, Klein, Marina, additional, Kronfli, Nadine, additional, Kwaramba, Gladys, additional, Lacasse, Gary, additional, Lacombe-Duncan, Ashley, additional, Lee, Rebecca, additional, Lima, Viviane, additional, Lloyd-Smith, Elisa, additional, Logie, Carmen, additional, Maan, Evelyn, additional, Martel-Lafrenière, Valérie, additional, Martin, Carrie, additional, Masching, Renee, additional, Massie, Lyne, additional, Medjuck, Melissa, additional, Ménard, Brigitte, additional, Miller, Cari L., additional, Mitchell, Judy, additional, Mondragon, Gerardo, additional, Money, Deborah, additional, Monteith, Ken, additional, Muchenje, Marvelous, additional, Mukandamutsa, Florida, additional, Ndung’u, Mary, additional, O’Brien, Kelly, additional, O’Brien, Nadia, additional, Ogilvie, Gina, additional, Ogunnaike-Cooke, Susanna, additional, Otis, Joanne, additional, Patterson, Sophie, additional, Paul, Angela, additional, Peltier, Doris, additional, Pick, Neora, additional, Pierre, Alie, additional, Powis, Jeff, additional, Proulx-Boucher, Karène, additional, Quan, Corinna, additional, Rana, Jesleen, additional, Roth, Eric, additional, Rouleau, Danielle, additional, Rouleau, Geneviève, additional, Rueda, Sergio, additional, Salters, Kate, additional, Sandre, Roger, additional, Sas, Jacquie, additional, Savoie, Édénia, additional, Sereda, Paul, additional, Smith, Stephanie, additional, Summers, Marcie, additional, Tharao, Wangari, additional, Tom, Christina, additional, Tremblay, Cécile, additional, Trigg, Jason, additional, Trottier, Sylvie, additional, Underhill, Angela, additional, Wagner, Anne, additional, Walmsley, Sharon, additional, Wang, Clara, additional, Wobeser, Wendy, additional, Wozniak, Denise, additional, Yudin, Mark, additional, Zhang, Wendy, additional, and Zhu, Julia, additional

Published
2021
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21. Social Determinants of Health and Retention in HIV Care Among Recently Incarcerated Women Living with HIV in Canada

Author

Gormley, Rebecca, Lin, Sally Y., Carter, Allison, Nicholson, Valerie, Webster, Kath, Martin, Ruth Elwood, Milloy, M. J., Pick, Neora, Howard, Terry, Wang, Lu, de Pokomandy, Alexandra, Loutfy, Mona, Kaida, Angela, Abdul-Noor, Rahma, Anema, Aranka, Angel, Jonathan, Bakombo, Dada Mamvula, Barry, Fatimatou, Bauer, Greta, Beaver, Kerrigan, Boucher, Marc, Boucoiran, Isabelle, Brophy, Jason, Brotto, Lori, Burchell, Ann, Cardinal, Claudette, Cioppa, Lynne, Conway, Tracey, Côté, José, Cotnam, Jasmine, d’Ambrumenil, Cori, Dayle, Janice, Ding, Erin, Dubuc, Danièle, Duddy, Janice, Fernet, Mylène, Fraleigh, Annette, Frank, Peggy, Gagnier, Brenda, Gagnon, Marilou, Gahagan, Jacqueline, Gasingirwa, Claudine, Gataric, Nada, Greene, Saara, Groleau, Danielle, Guerlotté, Charlotte, Hart, Trevor, Hankins, Catherine, Global Health, and APH - Global Health

Subjects
Adult, Canada, medicine.medical_specialty, Social Psychology, CHIWOS, Incarceration, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Post-incarceration, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Indigenous, Medication Adherence, 03 medical and health sciences, Social determinants of health, 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, medicine, Humans, Women, 030212 general & internal medicine, Multinomial logistic regression, Sex work, Ontario, 030505 public health, British Columbia, business.industry, Prisoners, Public health, Quebec, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, HIV, Health psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Infectious Diseases, Adherence, Female, Residence, 0305 other medical science, business, Demography
Abstract

Women living with HIV (WLWH) are over-represented in corrections in Canada, yet little is known about women’s experiences post-release. We used CHIWOS cross-sectional data from WLWH to estimate associations between social determinants of health and HIV-related care outcomes among WLWH with recent (within past year) or ever (before past year) incarceration experience. Lifetime incarceration prevalence was 36.9% (6.5% recent; 30.4% ever), with significant differences by province of residence (British Columbia: 10% recent; 52% ever; Ontario: 5%; 24%; Quebec: 6%; 22%; p < 0.001). In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analyses, compared with never incarcerated, recent incarceration was associated with Indigenous ancestry, lower annual income (< $20,000 CAD), unstable housing, current sex work, injection drug use (IDU), and sub-optimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, while ever incarceration was associated with current sex work, IDU, and experiencing adulthood violence. Our findings have implications regarding supports needed by WLWH in the post-release period, including ART adherence and achieving health and social goals.

Published
2020

22. Crystal Methamphetamine Use and Initiation among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV in a Treatment as Prevention Environment

Author

Colyer, Sean P., primary, Moore, David M., additional, Cui, Zishan, additional, Zhu, Julia, additional, Armstrong, Heather L., additional, Taylor, Matthew, additional, Edward, Joshua, additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Dickie, Chad, additional, Olarewaju, Gbolahan, additional, Montaner, Julio S.G, additional, Hogg, Robert S., additional, Roth, Eric A., additional, and Lachowsky, Nathan J., additional

Published
2020
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28. Substance Use as a Mechanism for Social Inclusion among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in Vancouver, Canada

Author

W. Hawkins, Blake, primary, Armstrong, Heather L., additional, Kesselring, Sarah, additional, Rich, Ashleigh J., additional, Cui, Zishan, additional, Sereda, Paul, additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Forrest, Jamie I., additional, Moore, David M., additional, Lachowsky, Nathan J., additional, Hogg, Robert S., additional, and Roth, Eric A., additional

Published
2019
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29. Rotary atomiser design requirements for optimum pesticide application efficiency

Author

Andrew J. Hewitt, Howard Terry, and Ian Craig

Subjects
business.industry, High-speed photography, Instrumentation, Pesticide application, Nozzle, Biology, Process engineering, business, Aerial application, Agronomy and Crop Science, Spinning, Ultra-low volume, Sizing
Abstract

Pesticide application efficiency from aircraft could be increased substantially, and required downwind buffer distances to avoid drift damage reduced significantly, if sharp issuing points or pins were added to existing rotary cage atomizer designs. This would enable existing rotary cage units, already successfully deployed for Ultra Low Volume (ULV) applications of insecticides, to be also used for Large Droplet Placement (LDP) application of herbicides. Studies at Cranfield University using high speed photography and laser droplet sizing instrumentation demonstrated that the addition of fine pins to the final atomizing surface of the rotating cage would increase uniformity of droplet production, by promoting fluid atomization in the ligament mode. This would lead to a substantially increased percentage of droplets in the spray falling between 100 μm and 300 μm in size, suggested here as a biological/environmental droplet size optimum. Development of a ‘spinning pins’ rotary atomizer for aircraft would therefore be highly desirable for agricultural and other purposes. Investment in this technology has the potential to significantly reduce pollution of atmosphere, soil, fresh water and oceans with pesticides.

Published
2014

30. Human Resource Planning in Education.

Author

Ulferts, Gregory W., Peterson, Evan A., and Howard, Terry L.

Subjects
HUMAN resource planning, EDUCATIONAL planning, PERSONNEL management, EDUCATIONAL attainment, ACADEMIC achievement
Abstract

Human resource management is about people and organizations, where the significance of group coordination and effective planning strategies work together for achieving success in meeting goals. In the field of higher education, universities and colleges have a crucial role in improving society overall, which is an understanding of moving forward positively through academic achievement and knowledge. By bringing innovative ideas to the forefront of educational attainment, there will be many other opportunities addressed within the framework of HR planning in education. It is a strategic process in many ways, with one of the main issues being an organizational concern. The goals and objectives of schools will need to align effectively with the approaches that HR planning carries out in practice. This essay focuses on the discussion through a unique lens of analysis, including how mission statements and HRM strategies cooperate to improve student performance outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021

31. A Study of Students' Perceptions About Online Versus Traditional Teaching.

Author

Bhattacharya, Mithu, Howard, Terry L., and Ulferts, Gregory W.

Subjects
STUDENT attitudes, TEACHING, HIGHER education
Abstract

This is a multi-semester and multi-course study that presents students perceptions about the online and traditional components of nine Decision Science courses offered in a hybrid and online fashion in an AACSB mid-western Jesuit Business School. The goal of our study is to enhance our own understanding about online teaching and improving our techniques. We also believe that the findings can contribute toward much needed ongoing research in the field of online and hybrid higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

32. The Changing Value of Diversity in Organizations.

Author

Howard, Terry L. and Ulferts, Gregory W.

Subjects
DIVERSITY in organizations, DIVERSITY in the workplace, CULTURAL pluralism, BUSINESS enterprises, PERSONNEL management
Abstract

Diversity has significant value for business organizations in the 21st century. The evolutions of the global business model and the changing world markets have brought the topic of diversity to the forefront of discussion in business organizations. Diversity in the workforce is an essential component of human resource management (HRM) as these changes are occurring. In the broader discussion of diversity, globalization increased the markets, labor pools, and the variety of products and services. Innovation moved more rapidly, particularly in areas of information and technology. Research studies continue to have a critical role in the advancement of this topic in a positive way. Cultural diversity has increased in many business organizations in recent times. On a more negative side, the diversity in organizations may not include women leaders and managers as effectively as it could. These important issues are all areas of research study in the social sciences, economics, and political organization overall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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33. Factors associated with delayed and late ART initiation among people living with HIV in BC: results from the engage study

Author

Kesselring, Sarah, primary, Osborne, Charles, additional, Bever, Andrea, additional, Salters, Kate, additional, Cui, Zishan, additional, Chia, Jason, additional, Moore, David M., additional, Parashar, Surita, additional, Kaida, Angela, additional, Samji, Hasina, additional, Duddy, Janice, additional, Gabler, Karyn, additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Nash, Denis, additional, McCandless, Lawrence C., additional, Patterson, Thomas L., additional, Corneil, Trevor, additional, Montaner, Julio S. G., additional, and Hogg, Robert S., additional

Published
2018
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34. Substance Use Patterns of Gay and Bisexual Men in the Momentum Health Study

Author

Roth, Eric Abella, primary, Cui, Zishan, additional, Wang, Lu, additional, Armstrong, Heather L., additional, Rich, Ashleigh J., additional, Lachowsky, Nathan J., additional, Sereda, Paul, additional, Card, Kiffer G., additional, Jollimore, Jody, additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Olarewaju, Gbolahan, additional, Moore, David M., additional, and Hogg, Robert S., additional

Published
2018
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36. Associations between sexual partner number and HIV risk behaviors: implications for HIV prevention efforts in a Treatment as Prevention (TasP) environment

Author

Armstrong, Heather L., primary, Roth, Eric Abella, additional, Rich, Ashleigh, additional, Lachowsky, Nathan J., additional, Cui, Zishan, additional, Sereda, Paul, additional, Card, Kiffer G., additional, Jollimore, Jody, additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Moore, David M., additional, and Hogg, Robert S., additional

Published
2018
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37. Envisioning Women-Centered HIV Care: Perspectives from Women Living with HIV in Canada

Author

O'Brien, Nadia, primary, Greene, Saara, additional, Carter, Allison, additional, Lewis, Johanna, additional, Nicholson, Valerie, additional, Kwaramba, Gladys, additional, Ménard, Brigitte, additional, Kaufman, Elaina, additional, Ennabil, Nourane, additional, Andersson, Neil, additional, Loutfy, Mona, additional, de Pokomandy, Alexandra, additional, Kaida, Angela, additional, Anema, Aranka, additional, Becker, Denise, additional, Brotto, Lori, additional, Cardinal, Claudette, additional, Colley, Guillaume, additional, Ding, Erin, additional, Duddy, Janice, additional, Gataric, Nada, additional, Hogg, Robert S., additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Jabbari, Shahab, additional, Jones, Evin, additional, Kestler, Mary, additional, Langlois, Andrea, additional, Lima, Viviane, additional, Lloyd-Smith, Elisa, additional, Medjuck, Melissa, additional, Miller, Cari, additional, Money, Deborah, additional, Ogilvie, Gina, additional, Patterson, Sophie, additional, Pick, Neora, additional, Roth, Eric, additional, Salters, Kate, additional, Sanchez, Margarite, additional, Sas, Jacquie, additional, Sereda, Paul, additional, Summers, Marcie, additional, Tom, Christina, additional, Wang, Clara, additional, Webster, Kath, additional, Zhang, Wendy, additional, Abdul-Noor, Rahma, additional, Angel, Jonathan, additional, Barry, Fatimatou, additional, Bauer, Greta, additional, Beaver, Kerrigan, additional, Benoit, Anita, additional, Bertozzi, Breklyn, additional, Borton, Sheila, additional, Bourque, Tammy, additional, Brophy, Jason, additional, Burchell, Ann, additional, Carlson, Allison, additional, Cioppa, Lynne, additional, Cohen, Jeffrey, additional, Conway, Tracey, additional, Cooper, Curtis, additional, Cotnam, Jasmine, additional, Cousineau, Janette, additional, Desbiens, Marisol, additional, Fraleigh, Annette, additional, Gagnier, Brenda, additional, Gasingirwa, Claudine, additional, Hart, Trevor, additional, Islam, Shazia, additional, Kaushic, Charu, additional, Kennedy, Logan, additional, Kerr, Desiree, additional, Leonard, Lynne, additional, Logie, Carmen, additional, Margolese, Shari, additional, Muchenje, Marvelous, additional, Ndung'u, Mary (Muthoni), additional, O’Brien, Kelly, additional, Ouellette, Charlene, additional, Powis, Jeff, additional, Quan, Corinna, additional, Raboud, Janet, additional, Rachlis, Anita, additional, Ralph, Edward, additional, Rourke, Sean, additional, Rueda, Sergio, additional, Sandre, Roger, additional, Smaill, Fiona, additional, Smith, Stephanie, additional, Tigere, Tsitsi, additional, Tharao, Wangari, additional, Walmsley, Sharon, additional, Wobeser, Wendy, additional, Yee, Jessica, additional, Yudin, Mark, additional, Bakombo, Dada Mamvula, additional, Baril, Jean-Guy, additional, Boucher, Marc, additional, Boucoiran, Isabelle, additional, Burke, Nora Butler, additional, Clément, Pierrette, additional, Côté, José, additional, Dayle, Janice, additional, Dubuc, Danièle, additional, Fernet, Mylène, additional, Gagnon, Marilou, additional, Groleau, Danielle, additional, Hot, Aurélie, additional, Kiboyogo, Maxime, additional, Klein, Marina, additional, Lacasse, Gary, additional, Lamarre, Valérie, additional, Martin, Carrie, additional, Massie, Lyne, additional, Monteith, Ken, additional, O'Brien, Nadia, additional, Otis, Joanne, additional, Peltier, Doris, additional, Pierre, Alie, additional, Proulx-Boucher, Karène, additional, Rouleau, Danielle, additional, Rouleau, Geneviève, additional, Savoie, Édénia, additional, Tremblay, Cécile, additional, Trottier, Benoit, additional, Trottier, Sylvie, additional, Tsoukas, Christos, additional, Gahagan, Jacqueline, additional, Hankins, Catherine, additional, Masching, Renee, additional, and Ogunnaike-Cooke, Susanna, additional

Published
2017
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41. Leadership Styles of Small Business Owners: Linking Theory to Application.

Author

Howard, Terry L., Ulferts, Gregory W., and Hannon, John

Subjects
*LEADERSHIP, *SMALL business, *BUSINESS planning, *YIELD strength (Engineering), *THEORY-practice relationship
Abstract

To understand small business owners' management and leadership styles, an analytical examination of the different elements of the organization is useful. Although each owner manages a company differently, some fundamental principles are more successful, and yield higher opportunities for achievement, growth, and enhanced productivity over the long term. Business planning is vital. One essential step in planning is to develop a vision for the organization that conveys meaning. Effective management and leadership styles that promote an optimistic vision shared with all members of the organization, especially customers and the general community, yield a higher point of accomplishment for business owners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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45. Seroadaptive Strategies of Gay & Bisexual Men (GBM) with the Highest Quartile Number of Sexual Partners in Vancouver, Canada

Author

Card, Kiffer G., primary, Lachowsky, Nathan J., additional, Cui, Zishan, additional, Sereda, Paul, additional, Rich, Ashleigh, additional, Jollimore, Jody, additional, Howard, Terry, additional, Birch, Robert, additional, Carter, Allison, additional, Montaner, Julio, additional, Moore, David, additional, Hogg, Robert S., additional, and Roth, Eric Abella, additional

Published
2016
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46. HIV Community Viral Load and Factors Associated With Elevated Viremia Among a Community-Based Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Vancouver, Canada

Author

Moore, David M., primary, Cui, Zishan, additional, Lachowsky, Nathan, additional, Raymond, Henry F., additional, Roth, Eric, additional, Rich, Ashleigh, additional, Sereda, Paul, additional, Howard, Terry, additional, McFarland, Willi, additional, Lal, Allan, additional, Montaner, Julio, additional, Corneil, Trevor, additional, and Hogg, Robert S., additional

Published
2016
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47. Twelve Committed Men: the feasibility of a community-based participatory HIV-prevention intervention within a Canadian men's correctional facility.

Author

Martin, Ruth Elwood, Turner, Renee, Howett, Larry, Howard, Terry, Hanberg, Debra, Buxton, Jane A., Moravan, Veronika, and Oliffe, John L.

Abstract

Objectives: The intervention objectives were to evaluate and describe the feasibility of using a community-based research (CBR) approach to adapt and implement HIV-prevention materials and tools with incarcerated men. We found no prior published reports about CBR HIV-prevention education in Canadian correctional facilities.Methods: Twelve members of the correctional Peer Education Committee (PEC) and Aboriginal PEC, whom a correctional nurse identified as being interested in preventive health, were purposively invited to participate. Eight participants were serving life sentences, three were Aboriginal and their education levels ranged from below grade 8 to 11 years of post-secondary education. The setting was a medium-security federal correctional facility, housing 324 men. The intervention was guided by CBR and 'greater involvement of people with AIDS' principles. Participants were invited to attend four workshops, over seven days in May 2014, and to provide their insights regarding future scaled-up CBR HIV prevention. Each workshop included an HIV-prevention presentation and a focus group discussion, two of which were audio-recorded.Findings: All participants attended all sessions. Synthesis of mixed-method findings, with quantitative and qualitative data triangulation, demonstrated two major outcomes: 'new knowledge was generated' regarding feasibility of CBR HIV prevention in a men's correction facility; and 'capacity building occurred' with increased participants' social capital. Thirty incarcerated men requested HIV testing following the intervention, because participants spread their knowledge about HIV prevention to others. Participants asked to become 'health ambassadors' - champion advisors for future scaled-up CBR HIV-prevention intervention for the entire correctional facility.Conclusion: CBR HIV prevention is feasible within a Canadian men's correctional facility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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50. The polypeptide chain fold in tyrosine phenol-lyase, a pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-dependent enzyme

Author

Keith S. Wilson, Michail N. Isupov, Alfred A. Antson, B. V. Strokopytov, E.H. Harutyunyan, Garib N. Murshudov, Howard Terry, Zbigniew Dauter, Tatyana V. Demidkina, and Dmitry G. Vassylyev

Subjects
Tyrosine phenol lyase, Chemical Phenomena, Macromolecular Substances, Protein Conformation, Stereochemistry, Protein subunit, Biophysics, Tyrosine phenol-lyase, Biochemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Citrobacter, X-Ray Diffraction, Structural Biology, Genetics, Molecule, Pyridoxal phosphate, Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase, Molecular Biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Polypeptide chain fold, biology, Chemistry, Physical, Bacterial, Cell Biology, biology.organism_classification, Protein tertiary structure, Citrobacter freundii, Crystallography, Enzyme, chemistry, Pyridoxal Phosphate, X-ray crystallography, Crystallization, X-ray analysis
Abstract

The tyrosine phenol lyase (EC 4.1.99.2) from Citrobacter intermedius has been crystallised in the apo form by vapour diffusion. The space group is P21212. The unit cell has dimensions a = 76.0 Å, b = 138.3 Å, c = 93.5 Å and it contains two subunits of the tetrameric molecule in the asymmetric unit, Diffraction data for the native enzyme and two heavy atom derivatives have been collected with synchrotron radiation and an image plate scanners. The structure has been solved at 2.7 Å resolution by isomorphous replacement with subsequent modification of the phases by averaging the density around the non-crystallographic symmetry axis. The electron density maps clearly show the relative orientation of the subunits and most of the trace of the polypeptide chain. Each subunit consists of two domains. The topology of the large domain appears to be similar to that of the aminotransferases.

Published
1992

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