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Road risks (commuting and on-duty accidents) have been responsible for 44% of work-related fatalities compensated by the French system of Social Security in 2012 and still represented 37% in 2018. Our objective was to assess risk factors for commuting accidents among the non-physician staff in a French university hospital. We conducted a case-control study of commuting accidents from 2012 to 2016. Cases were identified and controls were randomly selected from the hospital&rsquo, s personnel file with matches by year of the accident, gender and age. Risk factors were assessed using conditional logistic regression analysis. An increased risk was observed for 2 &times, 8 hour shifts, crude OR = 1.40 (95% CI = 1.05&ndash, 1.86) compared to daytime schedules, but not confirmed in the multiple model. Being a duty officer and not working the day before the accident were associated with increased risk of accidents with adjusted OR = 1.9 (95% CI = 1.1, 3.3) and OR = 1.5, (95% CI = 1.1, 2.1), respectively. The risk increased as the distance between home and work increased, such as adjusted OR = 2.2 (95% CI = 1.4, 3.4) for a distance of &gt, 3.6 to 9 km, OR = 2.6, (95% CI = 1.7, 4.0) for a distance of &gt, 9 km to 19 km, and OR = 4.2, (95% CI = 2.8, 6.2) for &gt, 19 km vs. &lt, 3.6 km. The distance between home and work, not working the day before the accident, and certain categories of personnel were related to commuting accidents.

WOS:000473750500021; International audience; Background and Objectives: With the spread of Wifi networks, safety concerns have arisen, with complaints of somatic disorders, notably in traditional libraries and media libraries. The aim of the present study was to describe the conditions and levels of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the real-life occupational conditions of those working in traditional libraries and media libraries.Methods: Dynamic measurements, using an exposimeter, were taken in 20 radiofrequency bands from 88 to 5850 MHz. The activity of 28 library workers was analyzed on a space-time budget. An audit of exposure sources and static measurements enabled the work-places to be mapped.Results: In seven libraries, 78,858 samples were taken over the 20 radiofrequency bands from 88 to 5850 MHz. Exposure was described for 28 working days. The median total field was 0.071 V/m (10th percentile: 0.022 V/m, 90th percentile: 0.534 V/m) and for Wifi the median field was 0.005 V/m (10th percentile: 0.005 V/m, 90th percentile: 0.028 V/m). Median individual exposure to Wifi frequency waves ranged from 0.005 to 0.040 V/m.Conclusions: Overall, the occupational exposure in this sector was close to the exposure in the general population. Peaks were due to the use of walkie-talkies by security staff. Exposure due to external sources depended on geographic location. Exposure in this occupation is well below the general occupational exposure levels, notably as regards Wifi.

Objectif : L’exposition aux nuisances liées au trafic routier telles que le bruit, la pollution de l’air, les accidents de la route peut conduire à une gêne ou à un sentiment d’insécurité routière. La gêne est définie comme un sentiment de déplaisir associé à un agent ou une condition connu ou reconnu par un individu ou un groupe comme les affectant négativement, diminuant leur qualité de vie à long terme. L’insécurité routière est, quant à elle, reconnue comme affectant le bien-être. L’objectif de cette étude était d’identifier les déterminants (sociodémographiques, socioéconomiques, relatifs à la mobilité quotidienne) de la gêne liée au bruit, à la pollution de l’air, et du sentiment d’insécurité routière. Méthodes : 720 sujets, âgés de 18 ans et plus, vivant dans le département du Rhône (France) en 2013 ont été interrogés via un questionnaire soumis par téléphone. La gêne et le sentiment d’insécurité routière ont été estimés via une échelle en 10 points allant de 1 (pas gêné(e)) à 10 (fortement gêné(e)) pour chacune des nuisances, avec un seuil à 8. Résultats : Notre étude a révélé principalement que les usagers des modes doux sont ceux qui déclarés ressentir la plus forte gêne, et ce, quelle que soit la nuisance, comparé aux usagers des modes motorisés. Conclusions : Les moins polluants sont les plus gênés. Ces résultats sont vraiment intéressants. Les usagers des modes doux contribuent à une amélioration de la qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion du trafic et du risque d’accidents de la route, tout en améliorant la santé des populations. Dans un contexte de promotion des modes doux, ces usagers devraient être protégés contre une telle gêne, susceptible d’entraver le développement d’une telle pratique., RTS - Recherche Transports Sécurité, volume 2018

International audience; Purpose: Exposure to road traffic nuisance, such as noise, air pollution and traffic accidents, can lead to feelings of annoyance or road insecurity. Annoyance is defined as a feeling of displeasure claimed by an individual or group to be adversely affecting them, diminishing long-term quality of life; road insecurity is recognized as affecting welfare. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants (sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and related to daily mobility) of annoyance by noise and air pollution and of road insecurity.Methods: A sample of 720 subjects, aged 18 years and over, living in the Rhône Département (France) in 2013 was interviewed by questionnaire. Annoyance and feeling of road insecurity were estimated on a 10-point scale from 1 (not annoyed) to 10 (highly annoyed) for each nuisance, with a threshold of 8. Results: The main finding was that active travel mode users experienced greater annoyance, whatever the nuisance than motorized users. Conclusions: The least polluting are the most annoyed. These results are very interesting. Active travel mode users help improve air quality, alleviate traffic congestion and minimize the risk of road-accidents, as well as improving their own health. In a context in which active travel modes and public transport are being promoted, active travelers might be protected against such annoyance, liable to hinder the development of such a practice.; Objectif : L’exposition aux nuisances liées au trafic routier telles que le bruit, la pollution de l’air, les accidents de la route peut conduire à une gêne ou à un sentiment d’insécurité routière. La gêne est définie comme un sentiment de déplaisir associé à un agent ou une condition connu ou reconnu par un individu ou un groupe comme les affectant négativement, diminuant leur qualité de vie à long terme. L’insécurité routière est, quant à elle, reconnue comme affectant le bien-être. L’objectif de cette étude était d’identifier les déterminants (sociodémographiques, socioéconomiques, relatifs à la mobilité quotidienne) de la gêne liée au bruit, à la pollution de l’air, et du sentiment d’insécurité routière.Méthodes : 720 sujets, âgés de 18 ans et plus, vivant dans le département du Rhône (France) en 2013 ont été interrogés via un questionnaire soumis par téléphone. La gêne et le sentiment d’insécurité routière ont été estimés via une échelle en 10 points allant de 1 (pas gêné(e)) à 10 (fortement gêné(e)) pour chacune des nuisances, avec un seuil à 8.Résultats : Notre étude a révélé principalement que les usagers des modes doux sont ceux qui déclarés ressentir la plus forte gêne, et ce, quelle que soit la nuisance, comparé aux usagers des modes motorisés. Conclusions : Les moins polluants sont les plus gênés. Ces résultats sont vraiment intéressants. Les usagers des modes doux contribuent à une amélioration de la qualité de l’air, une réduction de la congestion du trafic et du risque d’accidents de la route, tout en améliorant la santé des populations. Dans un contexte de promotion des modes doux, ces usagers devraient être protégés contre une telle gêne, susceptible d’entraver le développement d’une telle pratique.

INTRODUCTION: In 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2B), although the epidemiological evidence for the association between occupational exposure to RF-EMF and cancer was judged to be inadequate, due in part to limitations in exposure assessment. This study examines the relation between occupational RF and intermediate frequency (IF) EMF exposure and brain tumor (glioma and meningioma) risk in the INTEROCC multinational population-based case-control study (with nearly 4000 cases and over 5000 controls), using a novel exposure assessment approach.METHODS: Individual indices of cumulative exposure to RF and IF-EMF (overall and in specific exposure time windows) were assigned to study participants using a source-exposure matrix and detailed interview data on work with or nearby EMF sources. Conditional logistic regression was used to investigate associations with glioma and meningioma risk.RESULTS: Overall, around 10% of study participants were exposed to RF while only 1% were exposed to IF-EMF. There was no clear evidence for a positive association between RF or IF-EMF and the brain tumors studied, with most results showing either no association or odds ratios (ORs) below 1.0. The largest adjusted ORs were obtained for cumulative exposure to RF magnetic fields (as A/m-years) in the highest exposed category (≥90th percentile) for the most recent exposure time window (1-4 years before the diagnosis or reference date) for both glioma, OR = 1.62 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86, 3.01) and meningioma (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.65, 3.55).CONCLUSION: Despite the improved exposure assessment approach used in this study, no clear associations were identified. However, the results obtained for recent exposure to RF electric and magnetic fields are suggestive of a potential role in brain tumor promotion/progression and should be further investigated.

Objective To study recall of mobile phone usage, including laterality and hands-free use, in young people. Methods Actual mobile phone use was recorded among volunteers aged between 10 and 24 years from 12 countries by the software application XMobiSense and was compared with self-reported mobile phone use at 6 and 18 months after using the application. The application recorded number and duration of voice calls, number of text messages, amount of data transfer, laterality (% of call time the phone was near the right or left side of the head, or neither), and hands-free usage. After data cleaning, 466 participants were available for the main analyses (recorded vs. self-reported phone use after 6 months). Results Participants were on average 18.6 years old (IQR 15.2–21.8 years). The Spearman correlation coefficients between recorded and self-reported (after 6 months) number and duration of voice calls were 0.68 and 0.65, respectively. Number of calls was on average underestimated by the participants (adjusted geometric mean ratio (GMR) self-report/recorded = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.47–0.58), while duration of calls was overestimated (GMR=1.32, 95%, CI = 1.15–1.52). The ratios significantly differed by country, age, maternal educational level, and level of reported phone use, but not by time of the interview (6 vs. 18 months). Individuals who reported low mobile phone use underestimated their use, while individuals who reported the highest level of phone use were more likely to overestimate their use. Individuals who reported using the phone mainly on the right side of the head used it more on the right (71.1%) than the left (28.9%) side. Self-reported left side users, however, used the phone only slightly more on the left (53.3%) than the right (46.7%) side. Recorded percentage hands-free use (headset, speaker mode, Bluetooth) increased with increasing self-reported frequency of hands-free device usage. Frequent (≥50% of call time) reported headset or speaker mode use corresponded with 17.1% and 17.2% of total call time, respectively, that was recorded as hands-free use. Discussion These results indicate that young people can recall phone use moderately well, with recall depending on the amount of phone use and participants’ characteristics. The obtained information can be used to calibrate self-reported mobile use to improve estimation of radiofrequency exposure from mobile phones.

Objective Studies of loud noise exposure and vestibular schwannomas (VS) have shown conflicting results. The population-based INTERPHONE case‒control study was conducted in 13 countries during 2000-2004. In this paper, we report the results of analyses on the association between VS and self-reported loud noise exposure. Methods Self-reported noise exposure was analyzed in 1024 VS cases and 1984 matched controls. Life-long noise exposure was estimated through detailed questions. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using adjusted conditional logistic regression for matched sets. Results The OR for total work and leisure noise exposure was 1.6 (95% CI 1.4-1.9). OR were 1.5 (95% CI 1.3-1.9) for only occupational noise, 1.9 (95% CI 1.4-2.6) for only leisure noise and 1.7 (95% CI 1.2-2.2) for exposure in both contexts. OR increased slightly with increasing lag-time. For occupational exposures, duration, time since exposure start and a metric combining lifetime duration and weekly exposure showed significant trends of increasing risk with increasing exposure. OR did not differ markedly by source or other characteristics of noise. Conclusion The consistent associations seen are likely to reflect either recall bias or a causal association, or potentially indicate a mixture of both.

INTRODUCTION: To date, occupational exposure assessment of electromagnetic fields (EMF) has relied on occupation-based measurements and exposure estimates. However, misclassification due to between-worker variability remains an unsolved challenge. A source-based approach, supported by detailed subject data on determinants of exposure, may allow for a more individualized exposure assessment. Detailed information on the use of occupational sources of exposure to EMF was collected as part of the INTERPHONE-INTEROCC study. To support a source-based exposure assessment effort within this study, this work aimed to construct a measurement database for the occupational sources of EMF exposure identified, assembling available measurements from the scientific literature. METHODS: First, a comprehensive literature search was performed for published and unpublished documents containing exposure measurements for the EMF sources identified, a priori as well as from answers of study subjects. Then, the measurements identified were assessed for quality and relevance to the study objectives. Finally, the measurements selected and complementary information were compiled into an Occupational Exposure Measurement Database (OEMD). RESULTS: Currently, the OEMD contains 1624 sets of measurements (>3000 entries) for 285 sources of EMF exposure, organized by frequency band (0 Hz to 300 GHz) and dosimetry type. Ninety-five documents were selected from the literature (almost 35% of them are unpublished technical reports), containing measurements which were considered informative and valid for our purpose. Measurement data and complementary information collected from these documents came from 16 different countries and cover the time period between 1974 and 2013. CONCLUSION: We have constructed a database with measurements and complementary information for the most common sources of exposure to EMF in the workplace, based on the responses to the INTERPHONE-INTEROCC study questionnaire. This database covers the entire EMF frequency range and represents the most comprehensive resource of information on occupational EMF exposure. It is available at www.crealradiation.com/index.php/en/databases. This work was funded by the National Institutes for Health (NIH) Grant No. 1R01CA124759-01. Coding of the French occupational data was in part funded by AFSSET (Convention N° ST-2005-004). The INTERPHONE study was supported by funding from the European Fifth Framework Program, ‘Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources’ (contract 100 QLK4-CT-1999901563) and the International Union against Cancer (UICC). In Australia, funding was received from the Australian National Health and Medical Research 5 Council (EME Grant 219129) . In Montreal, Canada, funding was received from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (project MOP-42525). In France, funding was received by l’Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC) (Contrat N85142)

10 Ans de l'IRESP, PARIS, FRANCE, 23-/11/2017 - 24/11/2017; Les familles sont les acteurs essentiels et discrets de l'accompagnement des patients en situation de handicap, de dépendance et de souffrance, suite à un accident de la route. Prendre soin d'une « victime » d'accident grave entraine souvent des perturbations dans la vie familiale, dans les relations sociales, ... qui peuvent retentir sur la santé des aidants familiaux. Notre objectif était de connaître les conséquences positives et négatives de l'accompagnement sur le long terme d'un accidenté grave de la circulation pour ses proches. L'étude s'est basée sur le Registre des victimes d'accidents corporels de la circulation routière du Rhône : 137 personnes gravement accidentées et 100 aidants ont accepté de participer. Plus de 50% des aidants estiment que leur proche accidenté ne représente jamais ou rarement une charge lourde pour eux. Seuls 10% d'entre eux ressentent souvent ou assez souvent cette charge comme lourde ; ce chiffre concerne principalement les aidants de traumatisés crâniens graves (7% d'entre eux ressentent 'souvent' une charge lourde). Les éléments qui sont le plus souvent cités par l'aidant comme ayant un impact sur lui sont les modifications de caractère du proche accidenté dues à l'accident, les troubles du sommeil de celui-ci, une conduite capricieuse et des conduites sociales négligées. Quelques aidants signalent que le fait de ne plus partager les mêmes centres d'intérêt que la personne accidentée, sa jalousie et ses essais de domination ont un impact important sur eux. Les aidants familiaux de personnes accidentées font état de symptômes dépressifs plus importants que la population adulte française. Cet état dépressif est très lié à la présence de conflits familiaux, ou au fait que la personne accidentée ne travaille pas. Certains aidants rapportent avoir moins de temps disponible pour eux-mêmes. Ce manque de temps est d'autant plus ressenti par le proche que les incapacités participatives de la personne accidentée sont importantes (perte d'initiative, incapacité à travailler, incapacité à s'assumer de façon autonome,...). Les incapacités adaptatives de l'accidenté (troubles cognitifs, fatigue, irritabilité,...) ont un impact négatif sur la santé du proche. Les proches les plus affectés par le « fardeau » de l'accompagnement sont ceux qui sont le moins satisfaits du soutien que leur procure leur entourage. Plus d'un aidant sur 2 exprime des sentiments positifs quant à ce que l'aide qu'il fournit à son proche accidenté lui apporte. Ils estiment ainsi que l'accident a été l'occasion de porter un autre regard sur leur proche, d'être plus uni à lui et de se découvrir des compétences qu'il ne pensait pas avoir jusque-là. L'accompagnement peut également renforcer l'estime de soi de l'aidant ; celle-ci sera d'autant plus importante que l'aidant se dit satisfait du soutien social qu'il reçoit. Dans l'ensemble, la qualité de vie globale des aidants interrogés est satisfaisante : 68% la qualifient comme bonne ou très bonne. La qualité de vie de l'aidant est plus dégradée lorsqu'il ressent l'accompagnement comme une charge lourde et lorsqu'il présente un état dépressif. Une bonne cohésion familiale et la satisfaction de l'aidant quant au soutien social reçu sont inversement des facteurs d'amélioration de sa qualité de vie. Des incapacités importantes de l'accidenté affectent les différentes dimensions de la qualité de vie de l'aidant. Lorsque l'aidant est le conjoint de la personne accidentée, c'est la cohésion familiale qui prime dans la relation (s'aider et se soutenir, avoir le sentiment de former une famille unie,...). Cette cohésion familiale perçue à la fois par la personne accidentée et par l'aidant impacte positivement la qualité de vie de la personne accidentée dans les dimensions psychique (sentiments négatifs, croyances personnelles,...) et sociale (satisfaction concernant les relations personnelles). Le temps écoulé depuis l'accident ne semble pas jouer de rôle dans le vécu de l'accompagnement du proche. Conclusion : En définitive, notre étude montre que le handicap qui affecte une personne ayant eu un accident grave de la route est bien lié à une interaction entre des capacités diminuées, et un environnement social et personnel qui vont générer des difficultés de participation sociale.

BACKGROUND: Brain tumor etiology is poorly understood. Based on their ability to pass through the blood-brain barrier, it has been hypothesized that exposure to metals may increase the risk of brain cancer. Results from the few epidemiological studies on this issue are limited and inconsistent. METHODS: We investigated the relationship between glioma risk and occupational exposure to five metals - lead, cadmium, nickel, chromium and iron- as well as to welding fumes, using data from the seven-country INTEROCC study. A total of 1800 incident glioma cases and 5160 controls aged 30-69 years were included in the analysis. Lifetime occupational exposure to the agents was assessed using the INTEROCC JEM, a modified version of the Finnish job exposure matrix FINJEM. RESULTS: In general, cases had a slightly higher prevalence of exposure to the various metals and welding fumes than did controls, with the prevalence among ever exposed ranging between 1.7 and 2.2% for cadmium to 10.2 and 13.6% for iron among controls and cases, respectively. However, in multivariable logistic regression analyses, there was no association between ever exposure to any of the agents and risk of glioma with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) ranging from 0.8 (0.7-1.0) for lead to 1.1 (0.7-1.6) for cadmium. Results were consistent across models considering cumulative exposure or duration, as well as in all sensitivity analyses conducted. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this large-scale international study provide no evidence for an association between occupational exposure to any of the metals under scrutiny or welding fumes, and risk of glioma.