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16. Typology analysis and adaptive capacity of commercial gardening farmers to climate change in peri-urban areas along the coastal area of Benin (West Africa).

Author

Mérimée Ahouangan, Bidossessi Syntiche Chiméi, Koura, Bossima Ivan, Lesse, Armel Dodji Paolo, Ahoyo, Carlos Cédric, Toyi, Scholastique Mireille, Vissin, Expédit Wilfrid, and Houinato, Marcel Romuald Benjamin

Subjects
URBANIZATION, SUSTAINABLE agriculture, VEGETABLE farming, FARM management, CLIMATE change, AGRICULTURE, BEACHES
Abstract

The coastal environment represents a special site for human and economic activities. The population growth in this area has led to strong urbanization and, therefore, to the establishment of small-scale vegetable farms to feed the growing urban and peri-urban populations. This is an opportunity for youth employment and reduce poverty as this activity generates reliable incomes. However, in recent years, climatic changes and rapid urbanization have influenced agricultural activities in this area. The aim of this study was to characterize market gardening systems along the coastal area of Benin and understand farmers' perceptions and adaptation strategies in response to the ongoing environmental changes. Data was collected from 130 farms using individual semi-structured questionnaires. A principal component analysis (PCA), K-Mean multivariate classification and statistical inference were used for data analysis. Three farm groups were identified from the hierarchical bottomup classification: modern coastal farms (MCF, 59.24%), small-scale intra-urban farms (SIF, 35.38%) and traditional co-managed lowland farms (TCF, 5.38%). The perceived environmental changes were mainly temperature increases, strong winds and migration to another farmland. The criteria differentiating the groups were strong winds and variation in the start date of the rains (p < 0.05). According to current strategies farmers in groups 1 and 2 preferred crop diversification, those in group 3 moved their farms. Future strategies range from the early sale of crops to the use of modern watering equipment to the cessation of farming. Thus, sustainable farm management requires the involvement of decentralized structures and local stakeholders to maintain the livelihoods of local populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. The effect of the silvopastoral system on milk production and reproductive performance of dairy cows and its contribution to adaptation to a changing climate in the drylands of Benin (West-Africa)

Author

Assani Seidou, Alassan, primary, Offoumon, Oyéniran Thierry La Fronde, additional, Sanni Worogo, Sorebou Hilaire, additional, Houaga, Isidore, additional, Koara Yarou, Amoudawenou, additional, Azalou, Maximilien, additional, Adambi Boukari, Foukpe Zhairath, additional, Idrissou, Yaya, additional, Houinato, Marcel, additional, and Alkoiret Traoré, Ibrahim, additional

Published
2023
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20. La pratique du feu de végétation dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari (Benin, Afrique de l’Ouest) : fréquence spatio–temporelle et perception locale de l’effet sur la végétation des terroirs riverains

Author

Houindote, Elodiade, Lesse, D. Paolo, Houehanou, Thierry D., Habiyaremye, François Muhashy, De Bisthoven, Luc Janssens, and Houinato, Marcel B.R.

Subjects
Feu actif, Bénin, population locale, diversité floristique, conservation, Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Active fire, Benin, local population, floristic diversity, conservation, Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, Business and International Management, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, General Business, Management and Accounting, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Abstract

Les feux de végétation sont des phénomènes complexes nécessitant un suivi régulier. Pour ceci, dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari, la fréquence et l’occurrence des feux actifs ont été analysées sur la base des images du capteur MODIS pour une période de 19 ans. En outre, la perception locale des impacts de la répétition du feu précoce sur les espèces végétales a été investiguée auprès de 150 riverains. Les images ont été traitées dans le logiciel ArcGIS pour évaluer l’intensité des feux actifs dans la réserve. Les données d’enquêtes ont été soumises à des Analyses en Composantes Principales et à des analyses de variance. Les résultats montrent que le feu précoce emblave en moyenne annuellement 295103 ha (61,76% de la superficie totale) avec une densité comprise entre 0,03 et 9,98 feux/km². Ce qui confirme la forte utilisation du feu précoce dans la réserve. Selon les enquêtés, cette régularité occasionne à long terme sur la végétation, une diminution de l’abondance des espèces comme Parkia biglobosa et Vitellaria paradoxa. Ces résultats permettront d’apporter une attention particulière à l’étude du lien entre le feu précoce et l’exploitation durable des espèces citées. Vegetation fires are complex phenomena that require regular monitoring. To this end, in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, the frequency and occurrence of active fires were analyzed on the basis of MODIS sensor images for a period of 19 years. In addition, the local perception of the impacts of repeated early fire on plant species was investigated with 150 local residents. Images were processed in ArcGIS software to assess the intensity of active fires in the reserve. Survey data were subjected to Principal Component Analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results show that early fire embraces an average of 295103 ha (61.76% of the total area) annually with a density between 0.03 and 9.98 fires/km². This confirms the high use of early fire in the reserve. According to the respondents, this regularity causes a long-term decrease in the abundance of species such as Parkia biglobosa and Vitellaria paradoxa on the vegetation. These results will allow us to pay particular attention to the study of the link between early fire and the sustainable exploitation of these species.

Published
2023
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23. État de la connaissance sur les feux de végétation en Afrique : Analyse bibliographique et perceptives de recherche.

Author

HOUINDOTE, Elodiade, LESSE, D. Paolo, HOUEHANOU, Thierry D., HABIYAREMYE, François MUHASHY, De BISTHOVEN, Luc Janssens, and HOUINATO, Marcel R. B.

Abstract

Copyright of Revue TED: Territoires, Environnement et Développement is the property of Universite Ibn Tofail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024

25. Diversité de la production bovine au nord-ouest du Bénin

Author

Sounon, Adam K. L. S., Lesse, Dodji Paolo A. Armel, Ickowicz, Alexandre, Messad, Samir, Lesnoff, Matthieu, Houinato, Marcel R. B., Mensah, Guy Apollinaire, Sounon, Adam K. L. S., Lesse, Dodji Paolo A. Armel, Ickowicz, Alexandre, Messad, Samir, Lesnoff, Matthieu, Houinato, Marcel R. B., and Mensah, Guy Apollinaire

Abstract

La mobilité pastorale dans les écosystèmes protégés d'Afrique soudanienne et soudano-sahélienne a favorisé un transfert de charge saisonnier des pays sahéliens vers les régions méridionales. Ces mouvements saisonniers qui se sont transformés en migrations pastorales ont fait du bassin de la Donga au nord-ouest du Bénin un espace d'attraction d'importance internationale pour l'élevage bovin. Toutefois, avec le durcissement de la politique forestière et l'intensification de la surveillance des forêts, cette mobilité pastorale a été réglementée par des accords bilatéraux et communautaires. Les conséquences de ce changement se sont traduites par des modes de vie et de production variés, fondés sur des combinaisons très diverses d'une agriculture pluviale extensive et d'un élevage de type mixte. Dans cette évolution conjointe du foncier et de l'exploitation agricole des terres, la typologie des exploitations apparaît comme un outil indispensable pour caractériser la diversité des systèmes de production dans un milieu en transformation. La construction de la typologie des exploitations du bassin de la Donga a été d'abord réalisée par une méthode "A dire d'experts", puis approfondie par un traitement analytique et statistique de base de données issue d'enquêtes de terrain réalisées en 2010 et ayant porté sur 254 familles dont 48 ont déclaré pratiquer les activités d'élevage. Les critères utilisés ont été d'ordre social (groupe socioculturel ou sociolinguistique, âge, ancienneté dans le milieu et statut foncier), mais aussi d'ordre technique (type de parcours, points d'eau utilisés, main d'oeuvre, taille de troupeau et traite de lait). Cette démarche se voulant de type qualitatif et quantitatif, a permis de distinguer neuf catégories d'exploitations d'élevage (autochtone, transhumant, immigré, péri-urbain, confié, de case, d'embouche, de traction et en transit) regroupés en -i- système semi-sédentaire, -ii- système mobile et -iii- système opportuniste, trois types de systèm

Published
2023

29. Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa)

Author

Tchetan, Esaïe, primary, Olounladé, Pascal Abiodoun, additional, Azando, Erick Virgile Bertrand, additional, Khaliq, Hafiz Abdul, additional, Ortiz, Sergio, additional, Houngbeme, Alban, additional, Alowanou, Géorcelin Goué, additional, Koura, Bossima Ivan, additional, Akouedegni, Guénolé Coovi, additional, Houinato, Marcel Romuald Benjamin, additional, Hounzangbe-Adote, Sylvie Mawule, additional, Gbaguidi, Fernand Ahokanou, additional, and Quetin-Leclercq, Joëlle, additional

Published
2022
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32. Human–wildlife conflict : the case of crop raiding and its socio-economic implications around Pendjari biosphere reserve, Northern Benin

Author

USL-B - Centre de recherche en Economie (CEREC), Sogbohossou, Etotépé A., Magnon, Yves Z., Hamaide, Bertrand, Houinato, Marcel R. B., Habiyaremye, François M., Tossou, Rigobert C., Sinsin, Brice A., Efio, Sylvain, USL-B - Centre de recherche en Economie (CEREC), Sogbohossou, Etotépé A., Magnon, Yves Z., Hamaide, Bertrand, Houinato, Marcel R. B., Habiyaremye, François M., Tossou, Rigobert C., Sinsin, Brice A., and Efio, Sylvain

Abstract

Human–wildlife conflict is becoming a serious threat for both wildlife conservation and human well-being. Its main representations are livestock predation and crop raiding. This chapter examines the problem of crop raiding by wildlife and its socio-economic implications around Pendjari Biosphere Reserve in northern Benin. Data were collected in 2017 through field observations, semi-structured interviews, and a questionnaire survey of 209 farmers of the surrounding villages of the reserve, and 98% of them reported losses of crop every year due to wildlife. Crops with the highest degree of destruction are cotton, maize, millet, and sorghum, and the wild animals responsible for this are mainly baboon, warthog, and elephant. Crop raiding causes, for an average farmer, an annual financial loss ranging from $94.64 in farms of sorghum to $311.8 in farms of cotton. Compared to the annual minimum salary in Benin, these numbers are considerable. Farmers try to manage the impacts of crop raiding with various mitigation measures such as guarding, but the heavy toll of crop raiding and the low level of effectiveness of such measures clearly reveal the vulnerability of agricultural households bordering protected areas.

Published
2022

33. Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa).

Author

UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute, Tchetan, Esaie, Olounladé, Pascal Abiodoun, Azando, Erick Virgile Bertrand, Abdul Khaliq, Hafiz, Ortiz, Sergio, Houngbeme, Alban, Alowanou, Géorcelin Goué, Koura, Bossima Ivan, Akouedegni, Guénolé Coovi, Houinato, Marcel Romuald Benjamin, Hounzangbe-Adote, Sylvie Mawule, Gbaguidi, Fernand Ahokanou, Quetin-Leclercq, Joëlle, UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute, Tchetan, Esaie, Olounladé, Pascal Abiodoun, Azando, Erick Virgile Bertrand, Abdul Khaliq, Hafiz, Ortiz, Sergio, Houngbeme, Alban, Alowanou, Géorcelin Goué, Koura, Bossima Ivan, Akouedegni, Guénolé Coovi, Houinato, Marcel Romuald Benjamin, Hounzangbe-Adote, Sylvie Mawule, Gbaguidi, Fernand Ahokanou, and Quetin-Leclercq, Joëlle

Abstract

Medicinal plants continue to be used alone or in combination with veterinary drugs to treat animal ailments, especially in developing countries where livestock farmers often lack access to modern veterinary services and drugs. In addition, digestive parasitosis remain a major constraint for small ruminant livestock. The objective of this study was to screen the anthelmintic activity of the main plants used in the treatment of the digestive parasitosis of small ruminants in Benin. A total of 40 extracts were prepared using the successive maceration of 10 plants in four solvents of increasing polarity. The phytochemical screening of the plants was performed, and the anthelmintic activity of the extracts was evaluated on L3 larvae of . The cytotoxicity of the 40 extracts was determined on WI38 noncancerous fibroblast cells using the MTT assay, and the total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and condensed tannin content (CTC) were quantified in the most effective extracts using colorimetric methods. The results show that the plants contained tannins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids which may, in part, justify their anthelmintic activities. All plants gave active extracts at the highest concentration tested (1200 µg/mL). Methanol (MeOH) extracts were, in general, more effective than the hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM), and aqueous (HO) ones in inhibiting larval migration, with the MeOH extracts of , , and being the most effective. Nevertheless, the MeOH extract of was highly cytotoxic at the concentration of 100 µg/mL. The anthelmintic activity of , , and was studied on for the first time. These results provide scientific information that can be used for better valorization of the anthelmintic potential of the studied plants and to initiate the process of the identification of new anthelmintic molecules.

Published
2022

34. Additional file 1 of Morphological characterization and habitat suitability modeling of the goat population of Benin under climate change scenarios

Author

Whannou, Habib Rainier Vihotogbe, Afatondji, Cossi Ulriche, Linsoussi, Côme Agossa, Favi, Gnimansou Abraham, Nguyen, Thanh Thi, Houinato, Marcel Romuald Benjamin, and Dossa, Luc Hippolyte

Abstract

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Djallonké buck. Fig. S2. Djallonké doe. Fig. S3. Sahelian bucks. Fig. S4. Sahelian does. Fig. S5. Crossbreed buck. Fig. S6. Crossbreed doe.

Published
2022
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39. Farmers’ and Herders’ Perceptions on Rangeland Management in Two Agroecological Zones of Benin

Author

Diogo, Rodrigue Vivien Cao, Dossa, Luc Hippolyte, Vanvanhossou, Sèyi Fridaïus Ulrich, Abdoulaye, Badirou Dine, Dosseh, Kossi Hélliot, Houinato, Marcel, Schlecht, Eva, and Bürkert, Andreas

Subjects
Transhumanz, Westafrika, Agriculture, rangeland degradation, Degradation, Weide, West Africa, Benin, Hirt, Landwirt, Grundeigentum, Beweidung, herd mobility, communal grazing areas, herder-farmer conflicts, land property rights
Abstract

The sustainable use of rangelands in pastoral areas requires the inclusion of all stakeholders to develop sound management strategies. However, the role of these actors in the sustainable management of natural resources is still poorly understood. The present study aims to (i) assess the perception of farmers and herders of the risks and opportunities of transhumance on rangeland resource use and management, and to (ii) generate useful knowledge for the design and implementation of policies that favor the coexistence of these actors and reduce competition over rangeland resources use in Benin. To this end, interviews were conducted with 240 crop farmers and herders using a semi-structured questionnaire in two contrasting agroecological zones in the northern (Kandi) and the southern (Kétou) part of the country. Among the respondents, 64% of farmers in the North were agro-pastoralists (owning 10.6 ha of land and 10.7 cattle) and 36% were herders (keeping 45.8 cattle and cultivating about 3.7 ha of land). They perceived that communal rangelands were entirely degraded. In the South, 36% of respondents were agro-pastoralists (with 0.3 cattle and farming 4 ha of land) and 64% cattle herders (raising 45.3 cattle and farming 0.9 ha of land only). Of the herders, 50% kept cattle for more than 20 years, while agro-pastoralists had no previous experience in cattle herding. Cultivation practices among crop farmers, such as high use of mineral fertilization (23.8%) and bush fires for land clearing (22.5%), were reported in Kandi (North) and Kétou (South) as factors that might contribute to land degradation. However, these farmers perceived transhumance as a threat to the sustainable use of natural resources. In contrast, herders perceived transhumance as an opportunity to valorize unused land and increase the availability of manure to cropland. The prevalent negative attitude of crop farmers regarding transhumant herders increases the vulnerability of cattle herding in both regions. There is an urgent need of raising awareness concerning the mutual benefits provided by the coexistence of crop farmers with herders to promote participative rangeland management strategies. This may contribute towards coping with the current challenges of food insecurity and increasing climate variability as well as to reducing recurrent conflicts in the region.

Published
2021
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40. Ethnoveterinary knowledge of sheep and goat farmers in Benin (West Africa): effect of socioeconomic and environmental factors.

Author

UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute, Tchetan, Esaie, Olounlade, Abiodoun Pascal, Houehanou, Thierry Dehouegnon, Azando, Erick Virgile Bertrand, Kaneho, Josette Afiavi, Houinato, Marcel Romuald Benjamin, Hounzangbe-Adote, Sylvie Mawule, Quetin-Leclercq, Joëlle, Gbaguidi, Fernand Ahokannou, UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute, Tchetan, Esaie, Olounlade, Abiodoun Pascal, Houehanou, Thierry Dehouegnon, Azando, Erick Virgile Bertrand, Kaneho, Josette Afiavi, Houinato, Marcel Romuald Benjamin, Hounzangbe-Adote, Sylvie Mawule, Quetin-Leclercq, Joëlle, and Gbaguidi, Fernand Ahokannou

Abstract

Sheep and goats are two of the main animal species raised in Benin and one of the main sources of income for people living in rural areas. Faced with the inaccessibility of synthetic veterinary products and their low purchasing power, the majority of breeders use ethnoveterinary practices to treat small ruminants diseases. The specific objectives of the current study were (1) to document the traditional knowledge regarding the disorder groups treated and the medicinal plants used in the health and zootechnical management of small ruminants in Benin and (2) to assess the effect of gender, ethnicity, agro-ecological zone and herd size associated with them. To achieve these objectives, an ethnoveterinary survey was conducted in different agro-ecological zones from September 2018 to February 2019. A questionnaire was administered to 506 breeders. The data were analyzed through calculation of the Fidelity Level (FL), Cultural Importance Index (CI) and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF). Ten disorder groups were treated by the people surveyed. These were mainly digestive disorders (D) and reproductive disorders (W), both presenting a ICF value of 0.8. A total of 101 medicinal plants belonging to 42 families and 90 genera were recorded. , and were the most important plants with CI values of 0.208, 0.125 and 0.121, respectively. Gender, ethnicity, agro-ecological zone and flocks size were the socioeconomic and environmental factors that significantly influenced the level of ethnoveterinary knowledge. Chemical and biological analysis are needed on less studied plants such as, , , and .

Published
2021

47. National Inventory of Medicinal Plants Used to Treat Sheep and Goats Diseasesin Benin (West Africa): Effect of Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors

Author

TCHETAN, Esaïe, primary, OLOUNLADE, Pascal Abiodoun, additional, HOUEHANOU, Thierry Dehouegnon, additional, AZANDO, Erick Virgile Bertrand, additional, KANEHO, Josette Afiavi, additional, HOUINATO, Marcel Romuald Benjamin, additional, HOUNZANGBE-ADOTE, Sylvie Mawule, additional, QUETIN-LECLERCQ, Joëlle, additional, and GBAGUIDI, Fernand Ahokonou, additional

Published
2020
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49. EFFECT OF ROW SPACING, MINERAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON YIELD AND GROWTH PARAMETERS OF PANICUM MAXIMUM ON FERRALITIC SOIL IN BENIN (WEST AFRICA)

Author

Gbenou Basile, Adjolohoun Sebastien, Houndjo Daniel Bignon Maxime, Saidou Aliou, and Houinato Marcel And Sinsin Augustin Brice.

Subjects
seed production row spacing fertilizers ferralitic soil Benin
Abstract

This study proposes to evaluate the influence of the spacing row and NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer and goat manure on Panicum maximum seed production and fodder nutritive value harvested in south Benin on ferralitic soil from 2015 to 2017. The experiment was a factorial design comprising all combinations of 4 row spacings (20, 40, 60 and 80 cm) and 6 fertilizers: six levels of fertilizer: (F0) No goat manure (Control) (F1), 100 kg NPK 15-15-15, (F2) 20 t/ha goat manure, (F3) 15 t/ha goat manure, (F4) 10t/ha goat manure + 33kg NPK 15-15-15 and (F5) 5 tons + 66 Kg NPK/ha. Four replications were used in the experiment. The results showed that wider row spacing (60 cm) enhanced seed production in this experiment. Number of total tillers/tussock, fertile tillers/tussocks and spike length were significantly greater under the widest rows spacing (60 cm and 80 cm). The best seed yield got with row spacing 60 cm (392.1 kg.ha-1) and 45.5% of caryopses germinate after six months of storage against 14.5% for spikelet. Seed yield and its attributes increased significantly with NPK combined to goat manures (F4).

Published
2019
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50. Evolutions des systèmes d'élevage bovin au nord-ouest du Bénin

Author

Sounon Kon'De Lafia Sika, Adam, Lesse, P., Ickowicz, Alexandre, Messad, Samir, Houinato, Marcel, and Mensah, Guy Apollinaire

Subjects
L01 - Elevage - Considérations générales, Bovin, Conduite d'élevage, Parcours, Système d'élevage, Système agropastoral, Pastoralisme
Abstract

La grande variabilité des modes de conduite de l'activité d'élevage observée dans le bassin de la Donga au nord-ouest du Bénin, résultant du durcissement de la politique forestière et de l'intensification écologique, a permis de distinguer les deux évolutions des systèmes d'élevage bovin suivants : pastoralisme ou système mobile et agropastoralisme ou système semi-sédentaire. Si des études sur les avantages et les méfaits de chacun de ces systèmes ont été diversement menées, les influences réciproques des deux évolutions l'une sur l'autre à l'échelle locale sont peu abordées. C'est pour mieux appréhender cet aspect de la question qu'une analyse des influences réciproques des évolutions des élevages mobile et semi-sédentaire a été menée dans le bassin de la Donga. Pour une meilleure description des évolutions des systèmes d'élevage, des données sur les pratiques d'élevage actuelles et passées, ont été collectées par entretiens. Prenant appui sur la typologie des systèmes d'élevage en 2010, 27 élevages ont été sélectionnés dans douze localités ayant servi de terrain pour la réalisation de ladite typologie à raison de neuf éleveurs mobiles, treize éleveurs semi-sédentaires et cinq éleveurs opportunistes. Après la transcription des informations recueillies auprès des éleveurs, la triangulation de ces informations et la comparaison des stratégies de gestion des parcours et des troupeaux ont révélé que les évolutions simultanées des élevages pastoraux et agropastoraux mettaient en valeur les avantages de l'association agriculture-élevage et favorisaient par la même occasion l'émergence d'autres élevages opportunistes. Le modèle qui découle de cette description illustre l'importance du foncier dans l'évolution des élevages bovins.

Published
2019

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