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Objectives: To assess the effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of postplacental insertion of GyneFix postpartum intrauterine device (PPIUD) in women undergoing cesarean section (C-section)., Study Design: We conducted a prospective cohort study at 14 hospitals in four eastern coastal provinces of China between September 2017 and November 2020. A total of 470 women who underwent C-section and consented to the postplacental insertion of GyneFix PPIUD were enrolled, and 400 completed the 12-month follow-up. Participants were interviewed in the wards after delivery and followed up at 42 days, and months 3, 6, and 12 after delivery. We used Pearl Index (PI) to measure the rate of contraceptive failure, life-table method to measure the rate of PPIUD discontinuation, including IUD expulsion, and Cox regression model to explore the risk factors associated with discontinuation of the device., Results: Nine pregnancies were detected during the first year after GyneFix PPIUD insertion: seven were due to device expulsion and two occurred with PPIUD in situ. The PIs for overall 1-year pregnancy rate and pregnancies with IUD in situ were 2.3 (95% CI: 1.1-4.4) and 0.5 (95% CI: 0.1-1.9), respectively. The 6- and 12-month cumulative expulsion rates for PPIUD expulsion were 6.3% and 7.6%, respectively. The overall 1-year continuation rate was 86.6% (95% CI: 83.3-89.8). We did not identify any patient with insertion failure, uterine perforation, pelvic infection, or excess bleeding due to GyneFix PPIUD insertion. Women's age, education, occupation, previous history of C-section, parity, and breastfeeding were not associated with removal of GyneFix PPIUD in the first year of use., Conclusions: Postplacental insertion of GyneFix PPIUD is effective, safe, and acceptable for women undergoing C-section. Expulsion is the most common reason for GyneFix PPIUD discontinuation and pregnancy. The expulsion rate for GyneFix PPIUD is lower than that for framed IUDs, but more evidence is needed for a firm verdict., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background and Aims: Hypercholesterolemia is characterized by the elevation of plasma total cholesterol level, especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. This disease is usually caused by a mutation in genes such as LDL receptor, apolipoprotein B, or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. However, a considerable number of patients with hypercholesterolemia do not have any mutation in these candidate genes. In this study, we examined the difference in the metabolic level between patients with hypercholesterolemia and healthy subjects, and screened the potential biomarkers for this disease., Methods: Analysis of plasma metabolomics in hypercholesterolemia patients and healthy controls was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and metabolic correlation networks were constructed using Gephi-0.9.2., Results: First, metabolic profile analysis confirmed the distinct metabolic footprints between the patients and the healthy ones. The potential biomarkers screened by orthogonal partial least-squares discrimination analysis included l-lactic acid, cholesterol, phosphoric acid, d-glucose, urea, and d-allose (Variable importance in the projection > 1). Second, arginine and methionine metabolism were significantly perturbed in hypercholesterolemia patients. Finally, we identified that l-lactic acid, l-lysine, l-glutamine, and l-cysteine had high scores of centrality parameters in the metabolic correlation network., Conclusion: Plasma l-lactic acid could be used as a sensitive biomarker for hypercholesterolemia. In addition, arginine biosynthesis and cysteine and methionine metabolism were profoundly altered in patients with hypercholesterolemia., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: The long-term efficacy of mesoatrial shunt (MAS) for Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is not well studied. The purpose of our study was to investigate the long-term outcome and efficacy of MAS for BCS., Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 11 patients who underwent MAS for BCS from April 1986 to November 1995. Records of patients' clinical presentations, laboratorial investigation, Doppler duplex ultrasonography, radiologic image, and treatment outcomes were all retrieved and analyzed., Results: Follow-up intervals ranged from 1 year and 2 months to 30 years and 2 months (mean, 17 years and 8 months). Portal pressure decreased significantly from 35.72 ± 3.52 cm H 2 O to 27.86 ± 5.83 cm H 2 O post-MAS (P = 0.001). The 5-year, 10-year, and 20-year patency were 72.7%, 54.5%, 36.4%, respectively; 63.3% of patients had survived for more than 10 years and 45.5% for more than 20 years. A male has been alive with patent shunt for 28 years and 1 month., Conclusions: The MAS with enforced rings is an effective therapeutic modality for BCS with cautious perioperative management., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to construct a population pharmacokinetics model for dexmedetomidine used in Chinese adult patients with spinal anesthesia and to identify the key factors affecting the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine., Methods: A total of 34 subjects (elderly group: n = 15; young group: n = 19) undergoing spinal anesthesia received dexmedetomidine with a loading dose of 0.5 μg×kg(-1) for 10 minutes, followed by a maintenance dose of 0.5 μg×kg-1×h(-1) for 50 minutes. Blood samples were collected until 10 hours after dosing. Laboratory and respiratory parameters, and dexmedetomidine concentrations were measured. A population pharmacokinetic model for dexmedetomidine was constructed using a nonlinear mixed effects model (NONMEM)., Results: Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine can be described by a three-compartment model. The respective typical values for clearance (CL), V1, V2, Q2, Q3, and V3 were 0.883 L×min(-1), 17.6 L, 51.5 L, 2.37 L×min(-1), 0.517 L×min(-1), and 44.00 L. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), age, and body weight were key factors affecting CL, V1, and V2, respectively., Conclusions: A three-compartment model can be used to describe the pharmacokinetics processing of dexmedetomidine for Chinese adult patients during spinal anesthesia. The population pharmacokinetic of dexmedetomidine was generally in line with results from previous studies.

Aims: To determine the clinical, pathological and prognostic features associated with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)., Methods: Clinical and histologic data of 21,749 breast cancer patients who were treated at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between July 2002 and December 2011 were collected. Patients were divided into two groups: those with TNBC and those with other types of breast cancer. Patients and tumor characteristics were compared between the two groups using the Chi-square test. The prognostic results of 9,823 patients in the study population were also analyzed to determine long-term survival rates in the two groups of breast cancer patients., Results: Among the breast cancer patients treated in our hospital between 2003 and 2011, 10.4%-13.5% of them had triple-negative breast cancers. Data analyses revealed significant differences in disease onset age, family history of breast cancer, tumor size, tumor histologic grade, lymph note positivity and metastatic status between TNBC and non-TNBC patients. There were also significant differences in 5-year, 7-year and 9-year disease-free and 7-year and 9-year overall survival probability between the groups., Conclusions: TNBC are associated with younger disease onset age, larger tumor size, higher rate of axillary lymph node positivity, and higher tumor histologic grade. TNBC is also related to family history of breast cancer, increased metastatic risk and poor prognosis.

The title compound, {[Ni(C(9)H(4)O(6))(C(14)H(14)N(4))]·0.41H(2)O}(n), exhibits a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded supramolecular framework. The Ni(II) cation is six-coordinated in a distorted triangular prism defined by two N atoms from two 1,3-bis(imidazol-l-ylmethyl)benzene (bix) ligands and four O atoms from two 5-carboxybenzene-1,3-dicarboxylate (HBTC) dianions. The bix molecules and HBTC dianions both act as bidentate ligands, linking the Ni(II) cations to form a one-dimensional coordination polymer. A two-dimensional wave-like net is constructed by O-H...O hydrogen bonds linking adjacent chains. Partially occupied solvent water molecules fill the cavities and link these layers to form a three-dimensional supramolecular structure via O-H...O hydrogen bonds. The title compound was also characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis.

In the title mol-ecular salt, C(14)H(13)N(2)O(2) (+)·ClO(4) (-), the ring systems in the cation are almost coplanar [dihedral angle = 5.53 (13)°]. Intra-molecular N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate S(6) and S(5) rings, respectively. In the crystal, the two H atoms involved in the intra-molecular hydrogen bonds also participate in inter-molecular links to acceptor O atoms of the perchlorate anions. A simple inter-molecular N-H⋯O bond also occurs. Together, these form a double-chain structure along [101].

In the title hetero-dinuclear complex, [CuSm(C(22)H(24)N(2)O(4))Cl(3)(CH(3)OH)(2)], the Cu(II) cation is N,N',O,O'-chelated by a 6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[cyclo-hexane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo-methanylyl-idene)]diphenolate ligand, and one Cl(-) anion further coordinates to the Cu(II) cation to complete the distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry, while the Sm(III) cation is chelated by four O atoms from the same ligand, and is further coordinated by two methanol mol-ecules and two Cl(-) anions in an bicapped trigonal-prismatic geometry. Intra- and inter-molecular O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds are present in the structure.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(11)NO(2), represents a new ortho-rhom-bic polymorph II of the previously reported ortho-rhom-bic form I [Zhang et al. (2009 ▶) Acta Cryst. E65, o3160]. In polymorph II, the six-membered rings form a dihedral angle of 13.8 (1)° [71.6 (1)° in I], and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into chains along [100], whereas the crystal structure of I features hydrogen-bonded centrosymmetric dimers.

In the anion of the title salt, C(6)H(16)N(+)·C(18)H(13)O(8) (-), one of the carboxyl groups is deprotonated. Its O atoms are involved in inter-molecular hydrogen bonding with the carboxyl group of an adjacent anion and the amino group of an adjacent cation. The two benzoyloxy rings are oriented with respect to each other at a dihedral angle of 79.46 (6)°.

In the title compound, C(12)H(6)F(2)N(2)O(2), the 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole ring system is approximately planar [maximum deviation = 0.012 (2) Å] and its mean plane is twisted with respect to the pyrrole ring, making a dihedral angle of 2.51 (9)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains running along the a axis. π-π stacking is also observed between parallel benzene rings of adjacent mol-ecules, the centroid-centroid distance being 3.7527 (13) Å.

In the title mol-ecule, C(9)H(10)N(4)S, the dihedral angle between the benzene and triazole rings is 81.05 (5)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into infinite zigzag chains along [010].

In the title compound, (C(14)H(16)N(4))(2)[Mo(8)O(26)], the β-octa-molybdate anion is centrosymmetric. N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the diimidazolium cations and the polyoxidoanions into a chain structure along [100]. π-π inter-actions between the imidazole rings and between the imidazole and benzene rings [centroid-centroid distances = 3.611 (2) and 3.689 (3) Å, respectively] connect the chains.

In the title compound, C(2)H(10)N(2) (2+)·C(11)H(10)O(6) (2-), the two acetate groups of the cation form dihedral angles of 74.2 (4) and 63.9 (5)° with the central benzene ring. In the crystal, N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the cations and anions into layers parallel to the ab plane.

In the title complex, [Co(C(22)H(18)N(2)O(4))(CN)(H(2)O)]·0.5CH(3)CN, the Co(III) cation is N,N',O,O'-chelated by a 6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[1,2-phenyl-enebis(nitrilo-methanylyl-idene)]diphenolate dianion, and is further coordinated by a cyanide anion and a water mol-ecule in the axial sites, completing a distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry. In the crystal, pairs of bifurcated O-H⋯(O,O) hydrogen bonds link adjacent mol-ecules, forming centrosymmetric dimers. The acetonitrile solvent mol-ecule shows 0.5 occupancy.

In the title compound, [KYb(C(2)O(4))(2)(H(2)O)(4)](n), the Yb(III) ion lies on a site of [Formula: see text] symmetry in a dodeca-hedral environment defined by eight O atoms from four oxalate ligands. The K atom lies on a different [Formula: see text] axis and is coordinated by four O atoms from four oxalate ligands and four water O atoms. The oxalate ligand has an inversion center at the mid-point of the C-C bond. The metal ions are linked by the oxalate ligands into a three-dimensional framework. O-H⋯O hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure.

In the title compound, (C(20)H(20)N(4))[HgCl(4)], the Hg(II) ion is four-coordinated in a tetra-hedral environment defined by four chloride ions. The dihedral angle between the two phenyl rings is 32.83 (15)°. The protonated 1,1'-[(biphenyl-4,4'-di-yl)bis-(meth-yl-ene)]di-1H-imidazol-3-ium cations, showing a cis conformation, link the [HgCl(4)](2-) anions into an R(4) (4)(42) motif via N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(8)H(8)ClNO, the acetamide group is twisted out the benzene plane with a dihedral angle of 83.08 (1)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming layers parallel to the ab plane.

In the title compound, [KLu(C(2)O(4))(2)(H(2)O)(4)](n), the Lu(III) ion lies on a site of [Formula: see text] symmetry in a dodeca-hedron defined by eight O atoms from four oxalate ligands. The K atom lies on another site of the same symmetry and is coordinated by four oxalate O atoms and four O water atoms. The mid-point of the C-C bond of the oxalate group lies on an inversion center. In the packing structure, each oxalate ligand links two Lu(III) and two K atoms, forming a three-dimensional open framework with channels running along [001]. Inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds occur.

In the title compound, {[Mn(C(14)H(14)N(4))(2)(H(2)O)(2)](NO(3))(2)}(n), the Mn(II) ion is located on an inversion center and is coordinated by four N atoms from four 1,3-bis-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmeth-yl)benzene (L) ligands and two water mol-ecules in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. Two L ligands are related by a centre of symmetry and bridge Mn(II) ions, forming a positively charged polymeric chain in [101]. Uncoordinated nitrate anions further link these chains into layers parallel to the ac plane via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In centrosymmetric dinuclear title compound, [Cd(2)Cl(4)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))(2)], the Cd(II) atom is seven-coordinated in a penta-gonal-bipyramidal environment defined by two N atoms and two O atoms from one ligand and three Cl(-) anions, two of which are bridging. A π-π inter-action between adjacent pyridine rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.773 (1) Å] further stablizes the dimer.

In the title compound, [ZnCl(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))](n), the Zn(II) ion is tetra-hedrally coordinated by two Cl atoms and by two N atoms from different 1,4-bis-(pyridin-2-ylmeth-oxy)benzene ligands. The ligand shows a non-planar configuration, in which the dihedral angles between the two terminal pyridine rings and the linking benzene ring are 7.86 (12) and 70.74 (11)°. The flexible ligand coordinates to the Zn(II) ions, generating an infinite chain propagating along [001].

In the title compound, [HgCl(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))](n), the Hg(II) atom is four-coordinated in a distorted tetra-hedral environment defined by two Cl atoms and two N atoms from two 1,4-bis-(pyridin-2-ylmeth-oxy)benzene ligands. The ligand shows a non-coplanar conformation, in which the dihedral angles between the two terminal pyridine rings and the linking benzene ring are 7.275 (17) and 74.020 (14)°. The flexible ligands link the Hg(II) atoms into a chain running along [010], with an Hg⋯Hg separation of 10.335 (5) Å, which is equal to the b axis. The chains are connected by C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds.

In the heterodinuclear title complex, [GdZn(C(22)H(18)N(2)O(4))(CH(3)COO)(3)], the Zn(II) ion is five-coordinated in a square-pyramidal environment defined by two O atoms and two N atoms from the ligand, forming the square plane, and one acetate O atom serving as the apex, while the Gd(III) ion is nine-coordinated in an approximate mono-capped tetra-gonal-anti-prismatic environment defined by four O atoms from the ligand and five acetate O atoms.

In the title compound, [Cd(NO(3))(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))(2)](n), the six-coordinated Cd(II) ion is located on an inversion center and has a distorted octa-hedral environment defined by four N atoms from four 1,4-bis-(pyridin-3-ylmeth-oxy)benzene ligands and two O atoms from two nitrate anions. The ligands link the Cd(II) ions into a ribbon-like structure running along [201]. One O atom of the nitrate anion is disordered over two positions with site-occupancy factors of 0.59 (2) and 0.41 (2).

In the title compound, C(8)H(7)ClN(4), the phenyl and tetra-zole rings are inclined at a dihedral angle of 67.52 (6)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by an N-H⋯N hydrogen bond into a chain structure along [010]. π-π inter-actions with centroid-centroid distances of 3.526 (1) Å between adjacent tetra-zole rings further link the chains, forming a ribbon structure.

In the title complex, [Co(C(22)H(18)N(2)O(4))(CN)(H(2)O)]·CH(3)CN, the Co(III) ion is six-coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral environment defined by two N atoms and two O atoms from a salen ligand in the equatorial plane and one O atom from a water mol-ecule and one C atom from a cyanide group at the axial positions. O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect adjacent complex mol-ecules into dimers. C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds and π-π inter-actions between the benzene rings [centroid-centroid distances = 3.700 (2) and 3.845 (2) Å] are also present.

In the title compound, [Co(NO(3))(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))(2)](n), the Co(II) ion is located on an inversion center and is six-coordinated in an octa-hedral environment defined by four N atoms of the pyridine rings and two O atoms of the nitrate anions. The ligands link the Co(II) ions into a linear chain running along [201]. One O atom of the nitrate ligand is disordered over two positions with site-occupancy factors of 0.59 (4) and 0.41 (4).

In the title compound, [Cu(NO(3))(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))(2)](n), the Cu(II) ion lies on an inversion center and is six-coordinated in a Jahn-Teller-distored octa-hedral geometry defined by four N atoms of the pyridine derivative forming a square plane, above and below which are the O atoms of the nitrate anion. The ligand links the metal atoms linto a linear chain running along the a axis. One of the nitrate O atoms is equally disordered over two sets of sites.

In the title compound, [Co(NO(3))(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))], the Co(II) ion is six-coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral environment defined by two O and two N atoms from the ligand and by two O atoms from two nitrate anions. A two-dimensional network parallel to the ab plane is built up by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which link adjacent mol-ecules in the crystal structure.

In the title compound, [CuCl(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))], the Cu(II) atom lies on a twofold axis and is six-coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral environment defined by two N and two O atoms from the ligand and by two Cl atoms. In the crystal, π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.838 (1) Å] and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds link adjacent mol-ecules into a chain structure along [101].

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(10)H(9)ClN(4)S, common name thia-cloprid, comprises two mol-ecules. In both mol-ecules, the thia-zolidine rings are almost planar (with r.m.s. deviations of 0.016 and 0.065 Å) and form dihedral angles of 73.36 (6) and 70.25 (8)° with the 2-chloro-pyridine rings. In the crystal, inter-molecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds links the mol-ecules into chains propagating in [[Formula: see text]01].

In the title coordination polymer, [Na(2)(C(4)H(3)N(2)O(2)S)Cl(H(2)O)(2)](n), the Na(I) ion lies on a twofold rotation axis and the chloride anion on an inversion center. The Na(I) ion is six-coordinated by two O atoms from two zwitterionic 2-mercaptopyrimidine-4,6-diolate ligands (mm2 symmetry), two water O atoms (m symmetry) and two Cl atoms in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. Adjacent Na(I) ions are bridged by an olate group, a water mol-ecule and a chloride anion into a three-dimensional network. The crystal structure is further stabil-ized by N-H⋯Cl, O-H⋯O and O-H⋯S hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, [Cu(NO(3))(2)(C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2))], the Cu(II) ion is six-coordinated in a Jahn-Teller-distorted octa-hedral environment defined by two O and two N atoms from the ligand and two O atoms from two monodentate nitrate anions.

In the title compound, [Co(NO(3))(2)(C(20)H(18)N(4))](n), the Co(II) atom lies on a crystallographic twofold axis and the coordination geometry can be considered as a slightly distorted tetra-hedron defined by two O atoms from two nitrate groups and two N atoms from two ligand mol-ecules. A distorted octa-hedron may be assumed when two of the symmetry-related nitrate O atoms with Co-O distances of 2.3449 (19) Å are added to the coordination environment. Another twofold axis, passing through the middle of the biphenyl bonds, is observed in the crystal structure. A chain is built up by the ligands linking the Co(II) ions along [101].

In the title compound, [Zn(NO(3))(2)(C(20)H(18)N(4))](n), the Zn(II) atom lies on a crystallographic twofold axis and the coordination geometry can be considered as a slightly distorted tetra-hedron defined by two O atoms from two nitrate groups and two N atoms from two ligand mol-ecules. A distorted octa-hedron may be assumed when two of the symmetry-related nitrate O atoms, with Zn-O distances of 2.528 (2) Å, are added to the coordination environment. Another twofold axis, passing through the middle of the biphenyl bonds, is observed in the crystal structure. A chain along [101] is built up by the ligands linking the Zn(II) ions.

In the mononuclear salen-type complex, [Er(NO(3))(3)(C(18)H(20)N(2)O(4))], the Er(III) ion is ten-coordinated in a distorted hexa-deca-hedral geometry by six O atoms of three nitrate anions and four O atoms of the salen-like ligand. Inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds occur. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the title mononuclear Schiff base complex, [Dy(NO(3))(3)(C(18)H(20)N(2)O(4))], the Dy(III) ion is ten-coordinated in a distorted hexa-deca-hedral geometry by six O atoms of three nitrate anions and four O atoms of the Schiff base ligand. An intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. The crystal structure is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, C(10)H(8)N(2)O(10)·2H(2)O, the skeleton of the dicarboxylic acid mol-ecule is approximately planar, the largest deviation being 0.477 (1) Å for an O atom of a nitro group; this nitro group is twisted out of the plane of the ring by 24.6 (1)°. Adjacent mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which connect the dicarboxylic acid and water mol-ecules into a three-dimensional supra-molecular network.

The asymmetric unit of the centrosymmetric title compound, C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2), contains one half-mol-ecule. The central benzene ring forms a dihedral angle of 66.8 (1)° with two outer aromatic rings. In the crystal structure, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into sheets parallel to (104).

The skeletons of both independent mol-ecules of the carboxylic acid hemihydrate, C(10)H(8)N(2)O(10)·0.5H(2)O, are approximately planar [maximum deviations 0.642 (3) and 0.468 (1) Å]. The deviations arise from the twisting of the nitro groups with respect to the aromatic rings [dihedral angles = 3.24 (2) and 27.01 (1), and 7.87 (1) and 16.37 (2)° in the two molecules]. The crystal structure features inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which the link the dicarboxylic acid and water mol-ecules into a supra-molecular layer network.

In the title compound, C(18)H(16)N(2)O(2), the phenyl-ene ring is located on inversion center. The pyridyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 39.9 (1)° with the phenyl-ene ring. In the crystal, adjacent mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a linear chain along the a axis.

The reaction between [XW(9)O(34)](9-) (X = As, P) and [RuC(6)H(6)Cl(2)](2) in aqueous buffer solution (pH 6.0) leads to the isolation of two pseudo-sandwich-type heteropolytungstates KNa(6)[(RuC(6)H(6))AsW(9)O(34)] x 17 H(2)O (As-1) and Na(7)[(RuC(6)H(6))PW(9)O(34)] x 14 H(2)O (P-2). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the two compounds have the following features: (1) in two polyanions [(RuC(6)H(6))XW(9)O(34)](7-) (X = As, 1; P, 2), the (RuC(6)H(6)) unit is linked via three Ru-O(W) bridges to the side of the trilacunary polyanion, while the lacunary site is still free; (2) the units 1 and 2 are connected exclusively by a central Na cation cluster to form the pseudo-sandwich-type heteropolytungstates; and (3) the pseudo-sandwich-type heteropolytungstates are further connected by Na or K cations to construct the 2D and 3D structures. Furthermore, the electrochemical behaviours of As-1 and P-2 in aqueous solution (1.0 M LiCl + HCl, pH 3.0) have been investigated. Two compounds exhibit the expected reduction processes of the W atoms in a negative potential range and the oxidation of the Ru center in a positive potential range. The results of the electrocatalytic experiments reveal that the compound P-2 has electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of nitrate.

In the title heteronuclear complex, [CuTb(C(19)H(20)N(2)O(4))(NO(3))(3)(CH(3)COCH(3))], the Cu(II) ion is five-coordinated by two O and two N atoms from the 6,6'-dimeth-oxy-2,2'-[propane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilo-methyl-idyne)]diphenolate ligand (L) and an O atom from the acetone mol-ecule in a square-pyramidal geometry. The Tb(III) ion is ten-coordinated by six O atoms from three chelating nitrate ligands and four O atoms from the L ligand. In L, the CH(2)-CH-CH(3) fragment is disordered over two conformations, with refined occupancies of 0.725 (11) and 0.275 (11).

In the title complex, [Co(C(22)H(24)N(2)O(4))]·H(2)O, the Co(II) atom is in an almost square-planar coordination environment involv-ing two O and two N atoms from the Schiff base ligand. A water mol-ecule cocrystallizes with the coordination compound and may be held in the crystal by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Heteroatomic π-π ring inter-actions may be present between symmetry-related complexes, with centroid-centroid distances of 3.5661 (8) Å.

Objective: To investigate the effect of interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) on neointimal formation after vascular injury in the mouse, and its possible mechanism., Methods: Vascular injury was induced by polyethylene cuff placement around the left femoral artery of IRF-1-deficient mice and C57BL/6J mice. The mRNA expressions of IRF-1, IRF-2, angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor, interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining., Results: Neointimal formation after vascular injury was significantly greater in IRF-1-deficient mice than that in C57BL/6J mice (P<0.05). In contrast, TUNEL-positive nuclei to total nuclei in the neointima and media in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) in the injured artery significantly attenuated in IRF-1-deficient mice compared to C57BL/6J mice (P<0.05). The expressions of AT2 receptor as well as pro-apoptotic genes such as ICE and iNOS in C57BL/6J mice were up-regulated in response to vascular injury, but this upregulation was attenuated in IRF-1-deficient mice., Conclusions: Our results suggest that IRF-1 induces VSMC apoptosis and inhibits neointimal formation after vascular injury at least partly due to the upregulation of AT2 receptor, ICE and iNOS expressions. These results indicate that IRF-1 exerts an inhibitory effect on neointimal formation through the induction of apoptosis in VSMCs.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(14)H(14)N(4)·2H(2)O consists of two half-mol-ecules of the main mol-ecule, each situated on an inversion center, and two mol-ecules of water. One-dimensional chains of water mol-ecules are built up by O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds which are then linked with the main mol-ecule via O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional supra-molecular network in the ac plane.

In the title compound, {[Co(C(10)H(14)N(4))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]Cl(2)·4H(2)O}(n), the Co(II) atom and the mid-point of the 1,1'-butane-1,4-diyl-diimidazole ligands lie on inversion centers. The Co(II) atom is six-coordinated in a slightly distorted octa-hedral environment by four N atoms from four different ligands and by two O atoms from the water mol-ecules. The Co(II) atoms are bridged by the ligands into a (4,4) net. Adjacent nets are linked to the chloride anions and uncoordinated water mol-ecules via O-H⋯Cl and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating a three-dimensional supra-molecular structure.

In the title compound, {[Co(C(10)H(14)N(4))(2)(H(2)O)(2)](NO(3))(2)}(n), the Co(II) ion lies on an inversion center and is six-coordinated in an octa-hedral environment by four N atoms from four different 1,1'-butane-1,4-diyldiimidazole ligands and two O atoms from the two water mol-ecules. The Co(II) atoms are bridged by ligands, generating a two-dimensional (4,4)-network. Adjacent fishnet planes are linked to the nitrate anions via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional supra-molecular structure.