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1. Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures

Author

Kam, Kai-qian, Kalimuddin, Shirin, Tan, Seow Yen, Loh, Jiashen, Thoon, Koh Cheng, Vasoo, Shawn, Khong, Wei Xin, Suhaimi, Nur-Afidah, Chan, Sherlynn JH, Zhang, Emma, Oh, Olivia, Ty, Albert, Tow, Charlene, Chua, Yi Xian, Chaw, Wei Liang, Ng, Yixiang, Abdul-Rahman, Farid, Sahib, Shafiq, Zhao, Zheng, Tang, Cheryl, Low, Constance, Goh, Ee Hui, Lim, Georgina, Hou, Yan'an, Roshan, Imran, Tan, James, Foo, Kelly, Nandar, Khine, Kurupatham, Lalitha, Chan, Pei Pei, Raj, Pream, Lin, Yijun, Said, Zubaidah, Lee, Anne, See, Cherie, Markose, Jessey, Tan, Joanna, Chan, Guanhao, See, Wanhan, Peh, Xinyi, Cai, Vincent, Chen, Wen Kai, Li, Zongbin, Soo, Roy, Chow, Angela LP, Wei, Wycliffe, Farwin, Aysha, Ang, Li Wei, Pung, Rachael, Chiew, Calvin J, Young, Barnaby E, Chin, Sarah, Chen, Mark I-C, Clapham, Hannah E, Cook, Alex R, Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian, Toh, Matthias P H S, Poh, Cuiqin, Low, Mabel, Lum, Joshua, Koh, Valerie T J, Mak, Tze M, Cui, Lin, Lin, Raymond V T P, Heng, Derrick, Leo, Yee-Sin, Lye, David C, and Lee, Vernon J M

Published
2020
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3. Efficacy and safety of celgosivir in patients with dengue fever (CELADEN): a phase 1b, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept trial

Author

Low, Jenny G, Sung, Cynthia, Wijaya, Limin, Wei, Yuan, Rathore, Abhay P S, Watanabe, Satoru, Tan, Boon Hian, Toh, Liying, Chua, Lian Tee, Hou, Yan'an, Chow, Angelia, Howe, Shiqin, Chan, Wing Ki, Tan, Kah Hin, Chung, Jasmine S, Cherng, Benjamin P, Lye, David C, Tambayah, Paul A, Ng, Lee Ching, Connolly, John, Hibberd, Martin L, Leo, Yee Sin, Cheung, Yin Bun, Ooi, Eng Eong, and Vasudevan, Subhash G

Published
2014
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6. Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures

Author

Pung, Rachael, primary, Chiew, Calvin J, additional, Young, Barnaby E, additional, Chin, Sarah, additional, Chen, Mark I-C, additional, Clapham, Hannah E, additional, Cook, Alex R, additional, Maurer-Stroh, Sebastian, additional, Toh, Matthias P H S, additional, Poh, Cuiqin, additional, Low, Mabel, additional, Lum, Joshua, additional, Koh, Valerie T J, additional, Mak, Tze M, additional, Cui, Lin, additional, Lin, Raymond V T P, additional, Heng, Derrick, additional, Leo, Yee-Sin, additional, Lye, David C, additional, Lee, Vernon J M, additional, Kam, Kai-qian, additional, Kalimuddin, Shirin, additional, Tan, Seow Yen, additional, Loh, Jiashen, additional, Thoon, Koh Cheng, additional, Vasoo, Shawn, additional, Khong, Wei Xin, additional, Suhaimi, Nur-Afidah, additional, Chan, Sherlynn JH, additional, Zhang, Emma, additional, Oh, Olivia, additional, Ty, Albert, additional, Tow, Charlene, additional, Chua, Yi Xian, additional, Chaw, Wei Liang, additional, Ng, Yixiang, additional, Abdul-Rahman, Farid, additional, Sahib, Shafiq, additional, Zhao, Zheng, additional, Tang, Cheryl, additional, Low, Constance, additional, Goh, Ee Hui, additional, Lim, Georgina, additional, Hou, Yan'an, additional, Roshan, Imran, additional, Tan, James, additional, Foo, Kelly, additional, Nandar, Khine, additional, Kurupatham, Lalitha, additional, Chan, Pei Pei, additional, Raj, Pream, additional, Lin, Yijun, additional, Said, Zubaidah, additional, Lee, Anne, additional, See, Cherie, additional, Markose, Jessey, additional, Tan, Joanna, additional, Chan, Guanhao, additional, See, Wanhan, additional, Peh, Xinyi, additional, Cai, Vincent, additional, Chen, Wen Kai, additional, Li, Zongbin, additional, Soo, Roy, additional, Chow, Angela LP, additional, Wei, Wycliffe, additional, Farwin, Aysha, additional, and Ang, Li Wei, additional

Published
2020
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7. Measles Ring Vaccination in Dormitories: An Outbreak Containment Measure and Simulation Study

Author

Pung, Rachael, primary, Lee, Tau Hong, additional, Peh, Xinyi, additional, Cui, Lin, additional, poh, Cuiqin, additional, Low, Constance, additional, Chen, Mark I-Cheng, additional, Farwin, Aysha, additional, Chan, Guanhao, additional, Hou, Yan'an, additional, Ng, Yi Kai, additional, Cook, Alex R, additional, Soon, Margaret, additional, Chan, Monica, additional, Sadarangani, Sapna P., additional, Barkham, Timothy, additional, Lye, David Chien, additional, Lin, Raymond Tzer Pin, additional, Vasoo, Shawn, additional, Leo, Yee-Sin, additional, and Lee, Vernon J., additional

Published
2019
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8. Valine/isoleucine variants drive selective pressure in the VP1 sequence of EV-A71 enteroviruses

Author

Duy, Nghia Ngu, Huong, Le Thi Thanh, Ravel, Patrice, Huong, Le Thi Song, Dwivedi, Ankit, Sessions, October Michael, Hou, Yan'An, Chua, Robert, Kister, Guilhem, Afelt, Aneta, Moulia, Catherine, Gubler, Duane J., Thiem, Vu Dinh, Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hien, Devaux, Christian, Duong, Tran Nhu, Hien, Nguyen Tran, Cornillot, Emmanuel, Gavotte, Laurent, Frutos, Roger, Duy, Nghia Ngu, Huong, Le Thi Thanh, Ravel, Patrice, Huong, Le Thi Song, Dwivedi, Ankit, Sessions, October Michael, Hou, Yan'An, Chua, Robert, Kister, Guilhem, Afelt, Aneta, Moulia, Catherine, Gubler, Duane J., Thiem, Vu Dinh, Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hien, Devaux, Christian, Duong, Tran Nhu, Hien, Nguyen Tran, Cornillot, Emmanuel, Gavotte, Laurent, and Frutos, Roger

Abstract

Background: In 2011–2012, Northern Vietnam experienced its first large scale hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) epidemic. In 2011, a major HFMD epidemic was also reported in South Vietnam with fatal cases. This 2011–2012 outbreak was the first one to occur in North Vietnam providing grounds to study the etiology, origin and dynamic of the disease. We report here the analysis of the VP1 gene of strains isolated throughout North Vietnam during the 2011–2012 outbreak and before. Methods: The VP1 gene of 106 EV-A71 isolates from North Vietnam and 2 from Central Vietnam were sequenced. Sequence alignments were analyzed at the nucleic acid and protein level. Gene polymorphism was also analyzed. A Factorial Correspondence Analysis was performed to correlate amino acid mutations with clinical parameters. Results: The sequences were distributed into four phylogenetic clusters. Three clusters corresponded to the subgenogroup C4 and the last one corresponded to the subgenogroup C5. Each cluster displayed different polymorphism characteristics. Proteins were highly conserved but three sites bearing only Isoleucine (I) or Valine (V) were characterized. The isoleucine/valine variability matched the clusters. Spatiotemporal analysis of the I/V variants showed that all variants which emerged in 2011 and then in 2012 were not the same but were all present in the region prior to the 2011–2012 outbreak. Some correlation was found between certain I/V variants and ethnicity and severity. Conclusions: The 2011–2012 outbreak was not caused by an exogenous strain coming from South Vietnam or elsewhere but by strains already present and circulating at low level in North Vietnam. However, what triggered the outbreak remains unclear. A selective pressure is applied on I/V variants which matches the genetic clusters. I/V variants were shown on other viruses to correlate with pathogenicity. This should be investigated in EV-A71. I/V variants are an easy and efficient way to survey and identify

Published
2017

9. Valine/isoleucine variants drive selective pressure in the VP1 sequence of EV-A71 enteroviruses

Author

Duy, Nghia Ngu, primary, Huong, Le Thi Thanh, additional, Ravel, Patrice, additional, Huong, Le Thi Song, additional, Dwivedi, Ankit, additional, Sessions, October Michael, additional, Hou, Yan’An, additional, Chua, Robert, additional, Kister, Guilhem, additional, Afelt, Aneta, additional, Moulia, Catherine, additional, Gubler, Duane J., additional, Thiem, Vu Dinh, additional, Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hien, additional, Devaux, Christian, additional, Duong, Tran Nhu, additional, Hien, Nguyen Tran, additional, Cornillot, Emmanuel, additional, Gavotte, Laurent, additional, and Frutos, Roger, additional

Published
2017
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11. Adequacy of public health communications on H7N9 and MERS in Singapore: insights from a community based cross-sectional study.

Author

Yan’an Hou, Yi-roe Tan, Wei Yen Lim, Vernon Lee, Linda Wei Lin Tan, Mark I-Cheng Chen, Peiling Yap, Hou, Yan'an, Tan, Yi-Roe, Lim, Wei Yen, Lee, Vernon, Tan, Linda Wei Lin, Chen, Mark I-Cheng, and Yap, Peiling

Subjects
INFLUENZA epidemiology, COMMUNICATION, COMPARATIVE studies, CORONAVIRUS diseases, EPIDEMICS, HEALTH attitudes, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, PUBLIC health, RADIO (Medium), RESEARCH, RESEARCH funding, TELEVISION, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, EVALUATION research, INFLUENZA A virus, CROSS-sectional method
Abstract

Background: Singapore remains vulnerable to worldwide epidemics due to high air traffic with other countries This study aims to measure the public's awareness of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Avian Influenza A (H7N9), identify population groups who are uninformed or misinformed about the diseases, understand their choice of outbreak information source, and assess the effectiveness of communication channels in Singapore.Methods: A cross-sectional study, comprising of face-to-face interviews, was conducted between June and December 2013 to assess the public's awareness and knowledge of MERS and H7N9, including their choice of information source. Respondents were randomly selected and recruited from 3 existing cohort studies. An opportunistic sampling approach was also used to recruit new participants or members in the same household through referrals from existing participants.Results: Out of 2969 participants, 53.2% and 79.4% were not aware of H7N9 and MERS respectively. Participants who were older and better educated were most likely to hear about the diseases. The mean total knowledge score was 9.2 (S.D ± 2.3) out of 20, and 5.9 (S.D ± 1.2) out of 10 for H7N9 and MERS respectively. Participants who were Chinese, more educated and older had better knowledge of the diseases. Television and radio were the primary sources of outbreak information regardless of socio-demographic factors.Conclusion: Heightening education of infectious outbreaks through appropriate media to the young and less educated could increase awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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12. Exploring the origin and potential for spread of the 2013 dengue outbreak in Luanda, Angola

Author

Sessions, October M, Khan, Kamran, Hou, Yan'an, Meltzer, Eyal, Quam, Mikkel, Schwartz, Eli, Gubler, Duane J, Wilder-Smith, Annelies, Sessions, October M, Khan, Kamran, Hou, Yan'an, Meltzer, Eyal, Quam, Mikkel, Schwartz, Eli, Gubler, Duane J, and Wilder-Smith, Annelies

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Dengue in Africa is underreported. Simultaneous reports of travellers with dengue returning from Luanda, Angola, to six countries on four continents suggest that a major dengue outbreak is currently occurring in Angola, South West Africa. METHODS: To identify the origin of the imported dengue virus, we sequenced the virus from Angola and investigated the interconnectivity via air travel between dengue-endemic countries and Angola. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Our analyses show that the Angola outbreak was most likely caused by an endemic virus strain that had been circulating in West Africa for many years. We also show that Portugal and South Africa are most likely at the highest risk of importation of dengue from Angola due to the large number of air passengers between Angola and these countries.

Published
2013
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13. Chikungunya as a Cause of Acute Febrile Illness in Southern Sri Lanka

Author

Reller, Megan E., primary, Akoroda, Ufuoma, additional, Nagahawatte, Ajith, additional, Devasiri, Vasantha, additional, Kodikaarachchi, Wasantha, additional, Strouse, John J., additional, Chua, Robert, additional, Hou, Yan'an, additional, Chow, Angelia, additional, Sessions, October M., additional, Østbye, Truls, additional, Gubler, Duane J., additional, Woods, Christopher W., additional, and Bodinayake, Champica, additional

Published
2013
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15. Tuberculous meningitis is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in adults with central nervous system infections in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia: an observational study.

Author

Heng Gee Lee, William, Timothy, Menon, Jayaram, Ralph, Anna P., Eng Eong Ooi, Yan'an Hou, Sessions, October, Tsin Wen Yeo, Lee, Heng Gee, Ooi, Eng Eong, Hou, Yan'an, and Yeo, Tsin Wen

Subjects
TUBERCULOUS meningitis, MORTALITY, DISEASES, CENTRAL nervous system diseases, EPIDEMIOLOGY, ETIOLOGY of diseases
Abstract

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) infections are a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality globally. However, most published studies have been conducted in developed countries where the epidemiology and aetiology differ significantly from less developed areas. Additionally, there may be regional differences due to variation in the socio-economic levels, public health services and vaccination policies. Currently, no prospective studies have been conducted in Sabah, East Malaysia to define the epidemiology and aetiology of CNS infections. A better understanding of these is essential for the development of local guidelines for diagnosis and management.Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study in patients aged 12 years and older with suspected central nervous system infections at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia between February 2012 and March 2013. Cerebrospinal fluid was sent for microscopy, biochemistry, bacterial and mycobacterial cultures, Mycobacterium tuberculosis polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and multiplex and MassCode PCR for various viral and bacterial pathogens.Results: A total of 84 patients with clinically suspected meningitis and encephalitis were enrolled. An aetiological agent was confirmed in 37/84 (44 %) of the patients. The most common diagnoses were tuberculous meningitis (TBM) (41/84, 48.8 %) and cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (14/84, 16.6 %). Mycobacterium tuberculosis was confirmed in 13/41 (31.7 %) clinically diagnosed TBM patients by cerebrospinal fluid PCR or culture. The acute case fatality rate during hospital admission was 16/84 (19 %) in all patients, 4/43 (9 %) in non-TBM, and 12/41 (29 %) in TBM patients respectively (p = 0.02).Conclusion: TBM is the most common cause of CNS infection in patients aged 12 years or older in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia and is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Further studies are required to improve the management and outcome of TBM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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