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Introduction: Salidroside (SAL), extracted from Rhodiola rosea, has been widely used in coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia for decades. Previous studies have demonstrated that SAL could reduce arteriosclerosis, and thus combat ischemic brain damage. However, the in-depth function of the salidroside in Cerebral Small Vascular Disease (CSVD) has not been discovered, and related molecular mechanism is still unclear. Objectives: The present study aims to explore the effects of salidroside in angiogenesis as well as repair of blood brain barrier (BBB) and its possible mechanisms. Methods: We established a rat model of SHR via 2-vessel gradual occlusion (SHR-2VGO) to mimic the CSVD. Subsequently, the MRI, pathomorphism, as well as Morriss water maze test were conducted to determine CSVD-related indicators. 8 weeks post-surgery, animals were randomly administered SAL, DAPT, ATN161 or saline.The aim was to explore the protective effects of SAL in CSVD as well as its possible mechanism. Results: Here we found that SAL could attenuate cerebral hypoperfusion-induced BBB disruption, promote the pro-angiogenesis through enhancing the cell budding. Further investigations demonstrated that SAL could significantly increase the expression of Notch1, Hes1, Hes5, and ITGB1. In addition, we confirmed that SAL could activate Notch signal path, and then up-regulate ITGB1 to promote pro-angiogenesis and thus protect BBB from disruption. Conclusion: The aforementioned findings demonstrated that SAL could protect BBB integrity through Notch-ITGB1 signaling path in CSVD, which indicated that SAL could be a potential medicine candidate for CSVD treatment.

Exosomes are ubiquitous in all types of body fluids, exhibiting a high degree of abundance and diversity. Given their distinctive structure and function, exosomes are involved in a range of life activities, including intercellular communication, material transport, and immune regulation. An increasing number of studies have identified exosomes as a source of diagnostic markers for diabetic retinopathy. Furthermore, exosomes represent a novel avenue for therapeutic intervention, with promising clinical applications. This paper examines the diagnostic and therapeutic mechanisms of exosomes in diabetic retinopathy, reviews the advancements in exosomes-based diagnostics and therapeutics for diabetic retinopathy, and aims to enhance the precision and efficiency of clinical diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

The study employed three methods—odium tripolyphosphate method, neutral protease method, and ultrasonic treatment to modify the Chlorella protein in this paper. The investigation focused on changes in particle size, zeta potential distribution, antioxidant activity, functional properties, thermal stability, and structural characteristics before and after modification. The analysis revealed that compared to unmodified Chlorella protein, all three modification methods significantly reduced particle size and zeta potential. Additionally, significant improvements were observed in solubility, emulsification, emulsion stability, microstructure, and thermal stability. Overall, all three modification methods effectively improved the Chlorella protein. However, the sodium tripolyphosphate method showed only slight improvement in hydrophobicity and fluorescence intensity, with no significant overall improvement observed. The neutral protease method exhibited the most significant improvements in antioxidant activity, water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, thermal stability, and secondary structure of the Chlorella protein. For instance, the ABTS free radical scavenging rate increased from 22.95% to 35.72%, and the thermal stability improved by 11.48 ℃ compared to the control. The ultrasonic method significantly increased the solubility of Chlorella protein from 23.56% to 69.66%, emulsification from 70.29 m2/g to 95.25 m2/g, and emulsion stability from 10.74 min to 39.47 min. Additionally, reductions in particle size and improvements in zeta potential were observed.

Lin Zhong,1,* Hongyun Huang,2,* Dong Hou,1,* Shihai Zhou,3 Yu Lin,4 Yue Yu,4 Jinhao Yu,1 Fanghai Han,5 Lang Xie6 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100010, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Tumor Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, 528403, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 5181025, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of General surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lang Xie; Fanghai Han, Email langxiezj@hotmail.com; fh_han@163.comObjective: This study aims to investigate the correlation between the tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) and peritoneal metastasis (PM) in gastric cancer (GC) and constructs a diagnostic model based on preoperative examination data.Methods: To determine the feasibility of obtaining TSR in GC patients through preoperative examinations, the consistency of TSR between endoscopic biopsy tissues and postoperative histopathological tissues was evaluated. Additionally, the correlation between TSR and PM in GC was analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. To validate TSR’s clinical potential in diagnosing PM, 640 GC patients from two medical centers were enrolled. A training cohort of 330 patients evaluated TSR and synchronous PM correlation, and a validation cohort of 310 patients was used. An additional cohort of 510 patients was established to investigate TSR and metachronous PM. A diagnostic model based on preoperative data was developed and a nomogram constructed.Results: The TSR shows good consistency between endoscopic biopsy tissues and postoperative histopathological tissues. A significant correlation between TSR and PM was observed. The TSR-based model, combined with CA125, CA724 and Borrmann type, exhibited strong diagnostic effectiveness and considerable predictive efficacy, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.85 in the training cohort, 0.73 in the external validation cohort, and 0.72 in the metachronous PM cohort.Conclusion: The TSR emerges as a crucial marker for PM in GC, with the developed model, based on TSR and preoperative examination data, demonstrating substantial diagnostic and predictive capabilities.Keywords: tumor-stroma ratio, peritoneal metastasis, gastric cancer, preoperative examinations, nomogram

Tao Wang,1,* Liping Zhang,2,* Wei Chen,3 Yubin Long,3 Yingze Zhang,3– 6 Ling Wang,3 Zhiyong Hou3– 6 1Department of Lower Limb Trauma, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Guizhou Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 4Engineering Research Center of Orthopedic Minimally Invasive Intelligent Equipment, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 5Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 6NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhiyong Hou, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China. No. 139 Road Ziqiang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China, Email drzyhou@gmail.comPurpose: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a scarce but potentially life-threatening infection. However, no research has reported the cellular heterogeneity in patients with NF. We aim to investigate the change of cells from deep fascia in response to NF by single-cell RNA-seq.Methods: Fascia samples from NF patients (NF group, NG, n = 3) and volunteer (control group, CG, n = 4) were obtained and we utilized scRNA-seq to observe the variation of cells and differentially expressed genes. Then, multiplex staining and multispectral imaging and immunohistochemistry were used to be further verified.Results: Our findings showed that three fibroblast subclusters (antigen-presenting Fib, mesenchymal Fib, and myoFib) and three macrophage subclusters (SPP1+ Mac0, IL1B+ Mac1, and SPP1+M2) were found to have increased proportions with distinct roles in NF patients. The balance of M1/M2 polarization may be the key therapeutic target to determine the outcome of NF. Furthermore, the levels of SAA1, PTX3, S100 family, MARCO, and STAB1 were up-regulated in different subclusters with anti-infection roles against NF, which were proven by immunohistochemistry. These proteins may act as a biomarker or even as a candidate therapy for NF.Conclusion: Our findings revealed the potential anti-infection role of deep fascia during the procession of NF, helping us understand the immunologic function of fascia and provide novel insights for its therapeutic strategies for NF.Keywords: necrotizing fasciitis, deep fascia, single-cell RNA-seq, M1/M2 polarization, fibroblast

Miao Da,1 Shaoqi Mou,2 Guangwei Hou,3 Zhongxia Shen1 1Department of Sleep Medicine Center, Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Psychiatry, Yuyao Third People’s Hospital, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhongxia Shen, Department of Sleep medicine center, Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, 2088 East Tiaoxi Road, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +860572-2132661, Email snowszx@sina.comObjective: This study aimed to analyze the changes in insomnia characteristics among the general population and explore associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic periods.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous online survey. Questionnaires were administered at two-time points (T1: March 1– 31, 2022; T2: March 1– 31, 2023), which included an Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and questions related to sleep risk factors, including the COVID-19 pandemic, familial influences, work and study conditions, social activities, physical health, use of electronic devices before sleep, sleep environment, food intake and exercise before sleep, etc. Insomnia characteristics were compared at two points, with logistic regression testing associations with sociodemographic covariates and risk factors. Six machine learning models were employed to develop a predictive model for insomnia, namely logistic regression, random forest, neural network, support vector machine, CatBoost, and gradient boosting decision tree.Results: The study obtained 2769 and 1161 valid responses in T1 and T2, respectively. The prevalence of insomnia increased from 23.4% in T1 to 34.83% in T2. Univariate analyses indicated the factors of the COVID-19 pandemic, familial influences, social activity, physical health, food intake, and exercise before sleep significantly differed in T1 (p< 0.05) between insomnia and non-insomnia groups. In T2, significant differences (p< 0.05) were observed between the two groups, including the factors of the COVID-19 pandemic, family structure, work and study conditions, social activity, and physical health status. The random forest model had the highest prediction accuracy (90.92% correct and 86.59% correct in T1 and T2, respectively), while the pandemic was the most critical variable at both time points.Conclusion: The prevalence and severity of insomnia have worsened in the post-pandemic period, highlighting an urgent need for effective interventions. Notably, the COVID-19 pandemic and physical health status were identified as significant risk factors for insomnia.Keywords: COVID-19, public, insomnia, risk factors, machine learning

Penghui Chen,1– 3,&ast; Shule Hou,1– 3,&ast; Xiuhong Pang,4 Lei Li,1– 3 Wei Wei1– 3 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Taizhou People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Wei; Lei Li, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200082, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-25078893, Fax +86-21-65152394, Email weiwei8319@xinhuamed.com.cn; xyyh2711@126.comBackground: Adenoid hypertrophy is a common disorder of childhood, and has an unclear pathogenesis. At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of adenoid hypertrophy in children under long-term home quarantine, providing a rare research model to explore the pathogenesis and treatment targets of adenoidal hypertrophy in children.Methodology: Before and during the home quarantine period, adenoids that underwent surgery were detected using label-free proteomics. Differences in protein expression were analyzed using Gene Ontology, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, Protein-protein interaction, and immunohistochemistry analysis.Results: Long-term home quarantine had a profound impact on the proteomics of pediatric adenoids, with up-regulated and down-regulated proteins of 28 and 92 downregulated proteins, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly enriched in pathways such as leukocyte activation, inflammatory response, IL-1 production, Th17 cell differentiation, and IL-17 signaling. In the home quarantine group, inflammation-related proteins (TNF-α, IL-6), CD36, and S100A2, were considerably reduced, whereas NQO1 levels increased significantly, potentially alleviating adenoid hypertrophy. NQO1, CD36, NDUFS8, and NDUFAF2 exhibited strong interactions.Conclusion: This study identified some candidate differential proteins, such as NQO1, CD36, S100A2, and the inflammation pathways involved in adenoid hypertrophy in preschool children.Keywords: COVID-19, home quarantine, adenoidal hypertrophy, proteomics, NQO1

In order to explore the desilting effects of different channel desilting schemes, a hydrodynamic model accelerated by a graphic process unit (GPU) was used to construct a flood evolution model for the study area and simulate the flood inundation situation of the channels in the study area after implementing four desilting schemes at different return periods. The results show that: ① The schemes in terms of flood inundation alleviation and desilting excavation volume in descending order are as follows: full-section scheme, combination scheme, only floodplain scheme, and only thalweg scheme. ② The inundated area of each scheme decreases by 4.20%–21.68%, 1.57%–13.85%, 6.66%–43.6%, and 5.63%–39.7%, respectively. In terms of inundated area reduction rate, the combination scheme has an average reduction of 2.19% compared with the full-section scheme at different return periods, but the excavation volume of the full-section scheme is 21.89% higher than that of the combination scheme. ③ The ratio of the inundated area reduction rate to the excavation volume is used to represent the ability to reduce the inundated area per unit excavation volume. The ability of each desilting scheme to reduce inundated area is 7.34%–12.49%, 2.75%–7.98%, 8.86%–19.08%, and 9.13%–21.18%, respectively. The combination scheme has the strongest ability to reduce the inundated area at different return periods. Therefore, the combination scheme is determined as the comprehensive optimal scheme among the four desilting schemes. This study can provide a reference for channel desilting, flood control, and disaster reduction.

［Objective］ The vibration impact of ground traffic on nearby ancient buildings is becoming increasingly prominent. It is necessary to analyze the influence of ground traffic and the proposed Jinan Metro Line 6 on the vibration characteristics of the ancient Jiangxi Guild Hall buildings along the line under the typical soil geological conditions of Jinan, so as to evaluate the impact of traffic environmental vibration on ancient buildings of trade guild halls of Ming and Qing dynasties. ［Method］ The ground vibration response under the ground traffic load is measured by the measuring points inside and outside the main hall of Jiangxi Guild Hall, and the influence of the proposed Metro Line 6 on the ancient buildings is calculated by the established tunnel-soil-main hall building model for Jiangxi Guild Hall. The vibration level of the buildings under the separate actions of the above two traffic loads is evaluated according to GB/T 50452—2008 Technical Specification for Protection of Historic Buildings against Man-made Vibration. ［Result & Conclusion］ Under the action of ground traffic load, the vibration of the Jiangxi Guild Hall complex is mainly vertical. The main vibration frequencies along the road direction in different positions inside the building main hall are all greater than those in the direction perpendicular to the road. Under the action of metro loads, the vibration of the Jiangxi Guild Hall building is mainly vertical. The horizontal vibration at the top of the columns decreases compared to that at the bottom of the column, while the vertical vibration increases. The horizontal high-frequency vibration attenuates relatively quickly, while the low-frequency vibration attenuates relatively slowly. Both the vertical high-frequency and low-frequency vibrations attenuate relatively slowly. Under the action of traffic loads and metro loads, the vibration level of the Jiangxi Guild Hall meets the provisions on the vibration limits of ancient wooden structures in the GB/T 50452—2008.

Objective‍ ‍To investigate the role of circular RNAs （circRNA） in Alzheimer’s disease （AD） and its potential mechanism. Methods‍ ‍Six-month-old APP/PS1 mouse model of AD and wild type (WT) mice were subjected and then randomly divided into WT group, WT+ circ-Olfm1 knockout group, AD group (transgenic APP/PS1 mice), AD+ circ-Olfm1 knockout group, AD+FOXO3a knockout group, with 3 mice in each group. ① The total RNA of mouse brain was extracted, and the differential expression of circRNAs and mRNAs between the AD mice and WT mice was detected, and the obtained circRNAs and mRNAs were analyzed with gene ontology (GO) analysis. ② RT‐qPCR was used to detect the expression of the top 10 up-regulated and down-regulated circRNAs, as well as the expression of circ-Olfm1 and miR-330-5p. ③ Lentiviral vectors were prepared and stereotaxically injected into the cortex or hippocampus of WT and AD mice to knock out circ-Olfm1 gene. Water maze test was used to evaluate the effect of circ-Olfm1 knockout on cognitive function, and immunofluorescence assay was employed to observe the deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) plaque in the brain. ④ The interaction between circ-Olfm1 and miR-330-5p was verified by double luciferase reporter gene analysis. ⑤ The protein levels of AMPK and FOXO3a were detected by Western blotting. ⑥ Transmission electron microscopy was utilized to observe the mitochondria of the hippocampus. ⑦ The levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α were detected by ELISA. Results‍ ‍There were totally 52 differentially expressed circRNAs identified between the AD and WT mice, including 28 up-regulated and 24 down-regulated (fold change >1.5, P

Abstract Background The St-genome-sharing taxa are highly complex group of the species with the St nuclear genome and monophyletic origin in maternal lineages within the Triticeae, which contains more than half of polyploid species that distributed in a wide range of ecological habitats. While high level of genetic heterogeneity in plastome DNA due to a reticulate evolutionary event has been considered to link with the richness of the St-genome-sharing taxa, the relationship between the dynamics of diversification and molecular evolution is lack of understanding. Results Here, integrating 106 previously and 12 newly sequenced plastomes representing almost all previously recognized genomic types and genus of the Triticeae, this study applies phylogenetic reconstruction methods in combination with lineage diversification analyses, estimate of sequence evolution, and gene expression to investigate the dynamics of diversification in the tribe. Phylogenomic analysis confirmed previous phylogenetic relationships, with the St/E/V lineages (Pseudoroegneria/Lophopyrum + Thinopyrum/Dasypyrum) being suffered from a chloroplast capture event prior to polyploidization events. Analyses of diversification rates detected a significant acceleration approximately five million years ago in the St-genome-sharing taxa. Molecular tests of evolution and gene expression further indicated that radiation within the accelerated group has been accompanied by adaptive genetic changes in a few chloroplast-encoded genes directly or indirectly related to photosynthesis. Conclusions Our results support an important role for adaptive evolution in plastomes during accelerated diversification. In combination with plastome data, further investigations using other genomes, such as the nuclear genome, are urgently needed to enhance our understanding of the evolutionary history of the St-genome-sharing taxa, especially to determine whether adaptive changes in the nuclear genome are accelerated as well because plastome represents the maternal inheritation in angiosperms.

Existing studies on the temperature prediction of residual coal in goafs have mainly focused on the relationship between temperature and gas concentration, with limited attention given to the complex nonlinear relationships between the residual coal temperature in the goaf, the distance from the working face, and the air leakage velocity. To address this gap, a prediction model based on ant colony optimization (ACO) and kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) (ACO-KELM) was proposed. In the 21404 working face goaf of Hulususu Coal Mine, beam tubes and distributed fiber optics were arranged to collect data on O2 concentration, CO concentration, CO2 concentration, and temperature within the goaf. Simultaneously, the air leakage intensity and horizontal distances from the working face were incorporated to construct the KELM model. ACO was employed to optimize the regularization coefficients and kernel parameters in the KELM model, thereby obtaining the best-performing hyperparameter combination and generating the optimal KELM model. Compared to the prediction models based on extreme learning machine (ELM) and random forest (RF) algorithms, the ACO-KELM model achieved an average absolute error of 0.0701 ℃ and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.0748 ℃ on the test set, reducing these errors by 65% and 195%, respectively, compared to the ELM-based model, and by 53% and 156%, respectively, compared to the RF-based model. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the ACO-KELM model on the test set was 0.9635, which was only 0.01 lower than that of the training set, indicating that the model was not overfitted and demonstrated a high degree of accuracy.

Aiming at the problem that the asymmetric deformation and failure of surrounding rock frequently occur, making it difficult to control the surrounding rock under the conditions of multiple intense mining actions in thecoal seam with large dip angle and close distance. Taking the headgate 31233 in Daichiba Coal Mine as the engineering background, the mechanism of surrounding rock deformation and failure in roadways with three cross-sectional shapes under thecoal seam with large dip angle and close distance was studied through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and on-site monitoring. The optimal asymmetric roof shaped roadway cross-sectional shape was further determined and optimized. The research results indicate that under the conditions of intense mining of steeply inclined coal seams, regardless of how the roadway cross-section changes, the form of surrounding rock failure always exhibits the maximum depth of failure towards the roof, and due to the strong stress sensitivity of the plastic zone near the upper working face area, the range and depth of the plastic zone reach a maximum, However, there are significant differences in the overall failure patterns and distribution ranges of the plastic zone among the three cross-sectional shapes. In contrast to arch roadway and inclined roof right trapezoidal roadway, the asymmetric roof shaped roadway can adjust the height of the left and right sides as well as the angles of the left and right slope tops in response to changes in surrounding rock conditions. This adjustment leads to a more rational overall stress distribution within the surrounding rock of the roadway, enhances the controllability of rock failure, and improves the utilization rate of the roadway cross-section. Based on the distribution of the plastic zone in the surrounding rock, an uneven control method is proposed, and engineering applications are conducted. The comparison of technical and economic indicators before and after optimizing the cross-section shape indicates that the uneven support method significantly improves the control over surrounding rock deformation. The research results provide an effective scientific basis for the selection of cross-sectional shapes and the optimization of support designs for similar roadways inthecoal seam with large dip angle and close distance.

Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor in women and requires a comprehensive understanding of its pathogenesis for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) metabolism-driven inflammation is a causative factor in cancer development. However, the function of PUFAs′ metabolism in BC remains largely unknown. Here we report the role and underlying mechanism of epoxyoctadecenoic acids (EpOMEs), the metabolites of linoleic acid mediated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenases, in promoting the development of BC, particularly triple-negative BC (TNBC). A metabolomics study identified that EpOMEs were significantly increased in the plasma of BC patients and MMTV-PyMT mice, which accounted for the upregulation of CYP2J2 in BC tumor tissues and tumor cells. Decreased EpOMEs by treatment of CYP monooxygenase inhibitors significantly alleviated tumor development in MMTV-PyMT mice. Treatment with EpOMEs and overexpression of CYP2J2 to increase EpOMEs in TNBC cells significantly promoted cellular proliferation, migration, tumor growth, and metastasis. Whereas knockdown of CYP2J2 to decrease EpOMEs inhibited tumorigenesis and lung metastasis of TNBC, which was reversed by EpOME administration. Transcriptomics and proteomics analyses revealed CXCL9 and PLEC were critical for EpOME-mediated promotion of TNBC. Knockdown of CXCL9 and PLEC inhibited TNBC progression and EpOME-mediated promotion of TNBC. Both overexpression of CYP2J2 and EpOME treatment upregulate PLEC, while PLEC upregulates NFκB1, which is a transcription regulator of CXCL9. This study extends the understanding of the function of PUFAs metabolism in BC development, providing potential therapeutic targets and dietary guidelines for patients with TNBC and other BCs. The illustration of the hypothetical mechanism CYP2J2/EpOMEs promotes the tumorigenesis and metastasis of TNBC via PLEC/NFKB1/CXCL9 signaling pathway.

Yanhai Wang,1 Yupeng Shi,2 Zhongwei Wu,1 Jiangfeng Gao,3 Jing Wang,3 Lei Li,4 Yugang Wan,4 MuGu Lang A,1 Jianwen Zhang,1 Hongbo Wang,3 Yu Hou3,5 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, 010030, People’s Republic of China; 2Zhejiang Digena Diagnosis Technology CO., LTD, Zhejiang, 310030, People’s Republic of China; 3Cardiology Department, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, 010030, People’s Republic of China; 4Network Management, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, 010030, People’s Republic of China; 5Cardiology Department, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yu Hou, Cardiology Department, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, No. 26, Zhaoda Road, Saihan District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-471-5281258, Email houyucardiac@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to investigate the distribution patterns of PLA2G7 gene variants in Han Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), and their relationships with serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) levels and lipid profiles.Methods: A total of 93 han Chinese CHD patients were recruited. Serum Lp-PLA2 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while comprehensive analysis of PLA2G7 gene polymorphisms was conducted through whole-exome sequencing. Concurrently, multiple lipid parameters were measured and analyzed.Results: Among these Han Chinese CHD patients, the PLA2G7 gene rs1051931 (c.1136T>C p.Val379Ala) rare variant was highly prevalent (variant rate: 94.62%) among the study population, and showed negative correlation with serum Lp-PLA2 activity. The rs1765208290 (c.233G>A p.Gly78Asp) rare variant showed positive correlation with TG, ApoA, ApoB, HDL, LDL and TCHO levels in the serum. Strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between the rs1805018 (c.593T>C p.Ile198Thr) and rs76863441 (c.835G>T p.Val279Phe), both of which were related to lower Lp-PLA2 activity.Conclusion: In these Han Chinese CHD patients, the rs1051931 (c.1136T>C p.Val379Ala) rare variant in the PLA2G7 gene is closely linked to decreased Lp-PLA2 activity, whereas the rs1765208290 (c.233G>A p.Gly78Asp) rare variant influences lipid homeostasis. The strong LD between rs1805018 (c.593T>C p.Ile198Thr) and rs76863441 (c.835G>T p.Val279Phe) loci may act synergistically to reduce Lp-PLA2 activity.Keywords: PLA2G7 gene, coronary artery atherosclerotic heart disease, serum Lp-PLA2, lipid profile

【Objective】 Hetao Irrigation District is one of the largest irrigation districts in Northwestern China. However, the imbalance between irrigation and drainage has resulted in soil salinization. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the characteristics of soil salinization in both planted and uncultivated soils in this region, as well as the key environmental factors that influence soil salinization. 【Method】 Field investigation and laboratory test were conducted to analyze the ion characteristics and its influential factors in cultivated and uncultivated soils. 【Result】 In the studied area, the predominant anion in both cultivated and uncultivated soils was chloride (Cl-), comprising 59.31% and 58.48% of the composition, respectively. The primary cations were potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+), accounting for 71.32% in cultivated soils and 72.64% in uncultivated soils. Correlation analysis showed that, in cultivated soils, K+ and Na+ were most correlated with sulfate (SO42-) with a correlation coefficient of 0.87, followed by with Cl-, with a correlation coefficient of 0.66; they were least correlated with HCO3-. In the uncultivated soils, K+ and Na+ were mostly correlated with Cl-, with a correlation coefficient of 0.93, followed by with SO42-, with a correlation coefficient of 0.73. Key factors affecting salinization in the cultivated soils included SO42-, magnesium (Mg2+), Cl-, K+ and Na+, while in the uncultivated soil, they were SO42-, Cl-, K+, Na+ and HCO3-. Redundancy analysis showed that salt ions and environmental factors accounted for 13.56% and 20.23% of the variation in salinization in cultivated soils, and 35.17% and 46.17% in salinization in cultivated soils, respectively. Groundwater quality affected soil salt ions the most, followed by soil texture. 【Conclusion】 Soil salinization in both cultivated and uncultivated soils is severe, with Cl-, K+, Na+ and SO42- being the dominant ions. Effective strategies to mitigate soil salinization should focus on improving groundwater quality and optimizing soil texture.

Objective To explore the correlation between urinary mitochondrial DNA（mtDNA） and the severity and prognosis of primary membranous nephropathy（PMN）.MethodsA total of 56 patients were definitely diagnosed as PMN through renal biopsy from May 2022 to June 2023. Clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Morning mid-stream urine samples were collected for detecting the copy numbers of cytochrome-c oxidase-3（COX3） and NADH dehydrogenase subunit-1（ND1） genes in mtDNA. The correlation between baseline mtDNA copy number and nephrotic syndrome（NS） was examined through univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models. During follow-ups, Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted for analyzing the differential remission outcomes between high and low urinary mtDNA copy number groups.Results COX3 and ND1 copy numbers spiked in medium-risk group[COX3 = 5.532（5.318, 5.797）, ND1 = 5.575（5.270, 5.815）] and high-risk group [COX3 = 5.575（5.270, 5.815）, ND1 = 5.575（5.270, 5.815）] as compared with low-risk group[COX3 = 5.362（5.194, 5.508）, ND1 = 5.386（5.272, 5.528）]（P＜0.05）.COX3 and ND1 copy numbers were correlated positively with 24-hour urinary protein（P = 0.031, P = 0.041） and negatively with albumin（P = 0.032, P = 0.005）. The predictive value of COX3 and ND1 copy numbers in PMN with NS was examined with receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve. And grouping was based upon optimal cutoff values of COX3 and ND1 copy numbers. The results indicated that the risk of nephrotic syndrome（NS） was higher in group with elevated COX3 and ND1 copy numbers versus group with lower copy numbers（Model 1: OR = 3.51, P = 0.019; OR = 2.89, P = 0.024）. After adjusting for age, gender, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, anti-PLA2R antibodies and eGFR, the risk of NS remains higher in group with elevated COX3 and ND1 copy numbers（Model 3: OR = 2.65, P = 0.031; OR = 2.17, P = 0.029）. In terms of disease remission, Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis revealed no significant correlation between COX3 and ND1 copy numbers and remission outcomes of PMN（log-rank test P = 0.630, P = 0.208）.ConclusionUrinary mtDNA is significantly higher in PMN patients of medium/high-risk group than those of low-risk group. Urinary mtDNA is associated with an elevated risk of NS in PMN patients, However, its predictive effect on disease remission requires further studies.

Abstract Background Vitamin D (VD) plays a critical role in regulating systemic inflammation, but its correlation with the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between serum VD concentration, dietary VD intake, and SII using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods Data from NHANES 2007–2018 and NHANES 2007–2020 were analyzed for serum VD levels and dietary VD intake, respectively. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) and logistic regression were used to assess associations between VD and SII. Mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the role of SII in VD-related disease outcomes and mortality. Results Serum VD concentration exhibited a U-shaped correlation with SII (P-overall = 0.005; P-non-linear = 0.002). Severe VD deficiency significantly elevated SII levels compared to insufficiency or sufficiency groups. No association was observed between dietary VD intake and SII. Mediation analysis revealed that SII mediated the effects of VD on all-cause and cardiovascular disease-related mortality, but not on cancer, hypertension, or diabetes development. Conclusion A U-shaped relationship exists between serum VD and SII, with VD supplementation potentially reducing systemic inflammation and improving cardiovascular outcomes. Future studies should explore VD’s role in systemic inflammation and its clinical implications.

Purpose Protective ileostomy and colostomy are performed in patients undergoing low anterior resection with a high leakage risk. We aimed to compare surgical, medical, and daily care complications between these 2 ostomies in order to make individual choice. Methods Patients who underwent low anterior resection for rectal tumors with protective stomas between January 2011 and September 2018 were enrolled. Stoma-related complications were prospectively recorded by wound, ostomy, and continence nurses. The cancer stage and treatment data were obtained from the Taiwan Cancer Database of our Big Data Center. Other demographic data were collected retrospectively from medical notes. The complications after stoma creation and after the stoma reversal were compared. Results There were 176 patients with protective colostomy and 234 with protective ileostomy. Protective ileostomy had higher proportions of high output from the stoma for 2 consecutive days than protective colostomy (11.1% vs. 0%, P

Abstract To investigate for the risk of uveitis among such patients. A retrospective cohort study utilized the TriNetX database and recruited pediatric autoimmune patients diagnosed between January 1st 2004 and December 31st 2022. The non-autoimmune cohort were randomly selected control patients matched by sex, age, and index year. The main outcome is the incidence of new-onset uveitis. 175,328 pediatric patients with autoimmune diseases (mean age 10.7 +/- 5.1 years; 55.8% female; 66.2% White) and 175,328 pediatric patients without autoimmune diseases (mean age 10.8+/- 5.1 years; 55.7% female; 66% White) were recruited. The autoimmune cohort demonstrated a significantly increased uveitis risk across our 18-year study period (HR 4.42 [95% CI 3.98–4.90]). Iridocyclitis, chorioretinal inflammation, unspecified purulent endophthalmitis, panuveitis, retinal vasculitis, and sympathetic uveitis were uveitis conditions significantly associated with autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune patients who had used immunosuppressant medications had increased uveitis risk compared to those who had never used immunosuppressants. Our subgroup analysis also demonstrated a significantly increased uveitis risk associated with specific autoimmune conditions. Conditions include inflammatory arthritis, systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases, systemic vasculitis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Using hazard ratios HR for comparison, we were able to identify that, out of the previously broadly defined category of autoimmune diseases, only these specific conditions were significantly associated with pediatric uveitis. Uveitis was significantly associated with autoimmune diseases among the pediatric population.

Abstract Limited whole genome sequencing (WGS) studies in Asian populations result in a lack of representative reference panels, thus hindering the discovery of ancestry-specific variants. Here, we present the South and East Asian reference Database (SEAD) panel ( https://imputationserver.westlake.edu.cn/ ), which integrates WGS data for 11,067 individuals from various sources across 17 Asian countries. The SEAD panel, comprising 22,134 haplotypes and 88,294,957 variants, demonstrates improved imputation accuracy for South Asian populations compared to 1000 Genomes Project, TOPMed, and ChinaMAP panels, with a higher proportion of well-imputed rare variants. For East Asian populations, SEAD shows concordance comparable to ChinaMAP, but outperforming TOPMed. Additionally, we apply the SEAD panel to conduct a genome-wide association study for total hip (Hip) and femoral neck (FN) bone mineral density (BMD) traits in 5369 genotyped Chinese samples. The single-variant test suggests that rare variants near SNTG1 are associated with Hip BMD (rs60103302, MAF = 0.0092, P = 1.67 × 10−7), and variant-set analysis further supports the association (P slide_window = 9.08 × 10−9, P gene_centric = 5.27 × 10−8). This association was not reported previously and can only be detected by using Asian reference panels. Preliminary in vitro experiments for one of the rare variants identified provide evidence that it upregulates SNTG1 expression, which could in turn inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of preosteoblasts.

[Objective] To establish performance evaluation indicators and provide a scientific and reliable method for the performance evaluation for national key special projects of blood center. [Methods] Through literature review and Delphi method, the evaluation indicators for the national key special project performance of blood center were established. By sending indicator questionnaires to experts, the analytic hierarchy process was employed to determine the weights of each indicator. [Results] A total of 3 first-level evaluation indicators and 12 second-level evaluation indicators were established. The weights of the three first-level indicators of budget preparation, project management and project output were 0.301, 0.267 and 0.432, respectively. [Conclusion] By constructing the national key special project performance indicators of blood center, a quantifiable scientific evaluation of this process can be conducted.

Objective·To explore the heterogeneity in single-cell genomics between human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived macrophages (IPSDM) and human peripheral blood-derived macrophages (PBDM).Methods·iPSCs were differentiated into IPSDMs in vitro using a feeder-free and serum-free protocol. The expression of cluster of differentiation antigen 14 (CD14) and monocyte-macrophage marker genes in IPSDMs was analyzed using flow cytometry and real-time reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. Single-cell sequencing was then performed on IPSDMs. Simultaneously, the single-cell sequencing dataset GSE126085 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database as a reference dataset for PBDMs. Sequencing data for both IPSDMs and PBDMs were processed and analyzed using the seurat package in R software, with PBDMs annotated using the singleR package. A reference dataset was constructed with highly variable genes from PBDMs, and the highly variable genes of IPSDMs were projected onto the PBDM dataset using the scmap package to infer IPSDMs cell identities based on variable gene similarity. IPSDMs were annotated using cell-type annotation tools and referenced against relevant studies. The expression distribution of macrophage marker genes was compared between IPSDMs and PBDMs. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IPSDMs and PBDMs were identified using the seurat package, and their potential biological functions were explored through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses.Results·Suspended IPSDMs were obtained after 29 d of in vitro differentiation. Flow cytometry and RT-qPCR confirmed that approximately 23.1% of IPSDMs expressed CD14, and IPSDMs exhibited higher expression of monocyte-macrophage marker genes compared to the U-937 cell line. All cells in the PBDM dataset were annotated as macrophages. After constructing a scmap reference dataset using PBDMs, 59.8% of IPSDMs were annotated as macrophages through mapping their highly variable genes to the PBDM dataset. The remaining 40.2% of IPSDM cells could not be matched to the variable genes of PBDMs. Further manual annotation of IPSDMs revealed a composition of 97.15% macrophages, 2.71% hematopoietic precursor cell-like cells, and 0.14% dendritic cells. When comparing the expression of macrophage markers, both IPSDMs and PBDMs highly expressed the classical macrophage marker CD68 gene, while IPSDMs exhibited higher expression of markers associated with tissue-resident macrophages. GO analysis of DEGs showed enrichment in the molecular functions such as ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding, cellular components such as the nuclear speck and nuclear envelope, and biological processes such as the regulation of translation. KEGG pathway enrichment indicated that the DEGs between IPSDMs and PBDMs might be related to various intracellular pathogen infections.Conclusion·Human IPSDMs and PBDMs exhibit certain similarities and heterogeneity at the single-cell transcriptional level. Transcriptomic analysis indicates that IPSDMs display more characteristics of tissue-resident macrophages. The DEGs between IPSDMs and PBDMs are potentially associated with intracellular infection immunity.

Semiconductor photocatalysis is an effective strategy for solving environmental pollution problems. TiO2 is one of the most widely used semiconductors. However, the wider bandgap and the fast complexation of carriers constrain its practical application. The above problems can be solved effectively by constructing heterojunctions. Herein, S-type TiO2/CoPc heterojunction was obtained by in situ complexation with cobalt phthalocyanine(CoPc),and the matched energy band structure of the two enabled the effective separation of photogenerated carriers. Meanwhile, the metal Co ion centre could activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS). The results of photocatalytic experiments showed that the TiO2/CoPc heterojunction+PMS could achieve 72% degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC) by irradiating under visible light for 60 min. Compared with TiO2+PMS, the reaction rate was increased by 11 times. The excellent photocatalytic performance may be attributed to the improved Co2+/Co3+ cycling by photogenerated electrons, and the synergistic effect of efficient carrier separation and Co2+/Co3+ cycling in the heterojunction achieved the efficient degradation of TC.

With the rapid growth of big data demand, electronic chips and their interconnection technologies cannot meet the requirements of high-speed data transmission and high energy efficiency in computing and storage systems. Compared to traditional electronic chips, Silicon based Photonic (SiP) integrated chips have lower costs, higher integration density, and larger communication capacity. Micro Ring Resonator (MRR), as an important optical device, has the advantages of high sensitivity, small size, and low power consumption, and is widely used in fields such as optical communication, optoelectronics, and sensors. MRR can be used for applications such as high-speed optical communication and optical signal processing. By injecting optical signals into the MRR, functions such as filtering, modulation, and amplification of optical signals can be achieved, thereby improving the transmission rate and reliability of optical communication. This article mainly summarizes the research progress of silicon based MRR at home and abroad from the perspectives of different structures and materials. It also analyzes the application limitations and performance effects of different structures on MRR, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different materials in preparing MRR. The detailed horizontal and vertical comparison is made for the quality factor, free spectrum width, 3 dB bandwidth and other parameters that affect the device performance. This provides ideas for the further development of MRR photonic devices with higher integration and performance in the future.

Hua-Bin Peng,1 Ying Liu,1 Fei Hou,1 Shuang Zhao,1 Yi-Zhi Zhang,1 Zhi-Ying He,1 Jing-Yi Liu,1 Hao-Feng Xiong,1 Li-Ying Sun1– 4 1Department of Critical Liver Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Liver Transplantation Center, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Clinical Center for Pediatric Liver Transplantation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Li-Ying Sun; Hao-Feng Xiong, Department of Critical Liver Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Number 101, Luyuan East Road, Tongzhou District, Beijing, 101100, People’s Republic of China, Email sunxlx@outlook.com; Xionghaofengmd@qq.comPurpose: To examine the clinical utility of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in individuals with early pulmonary infection following liver transplantation.Patients and Methods: mNGS and traditional detection results were retrospectively collected from 99 patients with pulmonary infection within one week following liver transplantation. These patients were admitted to the Department of Critical Liver Diseases at Beijing Friendship Hospital from February 2022 to February 2024, along with their general clinical data.Results: mNGS exhibited a significantly higher detection rate than traditional methods (92.93% vs 54.55%, P < 0.05) and was more effective in identifying mixed infections (67.68% vs 14.81%, P < 0.05). mNGS identified 303 pathogens in 92 patients, with Enterococcus faecium, Pneumocystis jirovecii, and human herpesvirus types 5 and 7 being the most prevalent bacteria, fungi, and viruses. A total of 26 positive cases were identified through traditional culture methods (sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid), with 18 cases consistent with mNGS detection results, representing 69.23% consistency. Among the three drug-resistant bacteria that showed positivity in mNGS and traditional culture, the presence of drug-resistance genes—mecA in Staphylococcus aureus; KPC-2, KPC-9, KPC-18, KPC-26, OXA27, OXA423 in Klebsiella pneumoniae; and OXA488 and NDM6 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa—reliably predicted drug-resistance phenotype. The treatment regimen for 76 of the 92 patients with positive mNGS relied on these results; 74 exhibited significant symptom improvement, yielding a 97.37% recovery rate. The overall prognosis was favorable.Conclusion: mNGS offers rapid detection, a high positivity rate, insensitivity to antibiotics, and a superior ability to detect mixed infections in patients with early post-transplant pulmonary infections. Additionally, mNGS shows good consistency with traditional culture and can predict drug-resistant phenotypes to guide targeted antibiotic therapy for early-stage post-transplant pulmonary infection after liver transplantation. Patients whose antibiotic therapy is based on mNGS results have experienced decreased mortality rates and overall improved prognosis.Keywords: Liver transplantation, Pulmonary infection, Metagenomic next-generation sequencing, Clinical value

Zhen Zhang,1,&ast; Qiang Chen,2,&ast; Qiping Chen,3,&ast; Jun Hou,1 Xin Li,1 Jinjuan Fu,1 Yan Luo,1 Hong Su,1 Yu Long,1 Qiao Feng,1 Xiufen Peng,1 Maoling Jiang,1 Daiqian Wu,1 Hanxiong Liu,1 Lin Cai,1 Shiqiang Xiong1,4 1Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 4Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shiqiang Xiong; Lin Cai, Email xionglliu@163.com; clin63@yeah.netBackground: Increased levels of remnant cholesterol (RC) and inflammation are linked to higher risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Whether a combination of C-reactive protein (CRP) and RC improves the predictive ability for evaluating the severity of coronary artery lesions remains unknown.Methods: A total of 1675 patients with coronary artery disease were stratified according to the Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (SYNTAX) score (SYNTAX score ≤ 22 versus SYNTAX score > 22). Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to evaluate the relationship between RC, CRP and the severity of coronary artery lesions. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of a mid/high SYNTAX score (SYNTAX score > 22). The predictive value of RC combined with CRP was estimated by the ROC curve, continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).Results: The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for the highest versus lowest quartile of RC were 2.143 (1.450– 3.166) for a mid/high SYNTAX score (SYNTAX score > 22). The association of RC with severity of coronary artery lesions was maintained significant in the subsample of patients, regardless of traditional cardiovascular risk factors like LDL-C levels and glycemic metabolism status. Moreover, the addition of CRP and RC to the baseline risk model had an incremental effect on the predictive value for a mid/high SYNTAX score (increase in C‑statistic value from 0.650 to 0.698; IDI 0.03; NRI 0.306; all P < 0.01).Conclusion: Elevated RC levels were significantly associated with the severity of coronary artery lesions even in patients with optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Adjustment of the RC by CRP further improved the predictive ability for the severity of coronary artery lesions. The combination of RC and CRP might serve as a noninvasive predictor of CAD complexity and could potentially influence the management and therapeutic approach.Keywords: coronary artery disease, coronary angiography, remnant cholesterols, C-reactive protein, inflammation, SYNTAX score

Biao Hou,1,&ast; Chengyuan Li,2,&ast; Fen Yang,3,&ast; Wanjun Deng,1 Chao Hu,1 Changxiong Liu,1 Yanming Chen,1 Xiangjun Xiao,1 Xiongjie Huang,1 Jun Deng,1,4 Songlin Xie1 1Department of Hand and Foot Microsurgery, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 4Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Songlin Xie; Jun Deng, Email xiesonglin0929@163.com; djun.123@163.comPurpose: Stem cell therapy is a promising approach for treating chronic diabetic wounds. However, its effectiveness is significantly limited by the high oxidative stress environment and persistent inflammation induced by diabetes. Strategies to overcome these challenges are essential to enhance the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy.Methods: Cu5.4O ultrasmall nanoparticles (Cu5.4O-USNPs), known for their excellent reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging properties, were utilized to protect adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from oxidative stress injury. In vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the viability, paracrine activity, and anti-inflammatory capabilities of ADSCs loaded with Cu5.4O-USNPs under oxidative stress conditions. In vivo experiments in diabetic mice were performed to assess the therapeutic effects of Cu5.4O-USNP-loaded ADSCs on wound healing, including their impact on inflammation, collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and wound closure.Results: ADSCs treated with Cu5.4O-USNPs showed significantly enhanced viability, paracrine activity, and anti-inflammatory properties under oxidative stress conditions in vitro. In diabetic mice, Cu5.4O-USNP-loaded ADSCs reduced inflammatory responses in wound tissues, promoted collagen synthesis and angiogenesis, and accelerated diabetic wound healing. These findings suggest that Cu5.4O-USNPs effectively mitigate the adverse effects of oxidative stress and inflammation, enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of ADSCs.Conclusion: This study presents a simple and effective approach to improve the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy for diabetic wounds. By incorporating Cu5.4O-USNPs, the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capabilities of ADSCs are significantly enhanced, offering a promising strategy for ROS-related tissue repair and chronic wound healing.Keywords: stem cell therapy, Cu5.4O-USNPs, ADSCs, inflammatory environment

The novel Ti69NbCrZrX （X=Sn，W，Al，Mo，1%-2%， mass fraction） was used as an interlayer to join TiAl alloy with Ti2AlNb alloy by pulsed current diffusion welding at 900 ℃/30 min/8 MPa. The post-weld joint microstructure and properties were analyzed by SEM， EDS， EBSD， and room temperature tensile test. The results show that defect-free TiAl/Ti2AlNb joints can be obtained using Ti69NbCrZrX as the connecting interlayer. The joint interface microstructure is mainly composed of TiAl diffusion affected zone， interlayer diffusion zone， and Ti2AlNb diffusion affected zone. The TiAl diffusion affected zone structure is composed of white β phase and gray block α2 phase，the interlayer diffusion zone structure is mainly composed of gray block α2+ α phase， and white β/B2 phase composition， Ti2AlNb diffusion affected zone is composed of β/B2 matrix phase with lath and acicular O phase. The average value of room temperature tensile strength of the joint is 642.5 MPa， which reaches 91.57% of the strength of the base material. The fracture mode of the joints is dominated by brittle intergranular fracture， supplemented by brittle transgranular fracture.

Jian Lin,1 Xinghua Liu,1 Xi Lin,1 Nanyang Liu,2 Hui Pei,2 Yichun Zhao,3 Guran Yu,4 Wei Wang,5 Chuan Chen,6 Tingting Hou,7 Xun Li,8 Xingdong Lin,1 Hao Li9 1Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou, 510378, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, 214045, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China; 6Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200031, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Neurology, Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, People’s Republic of China; 8Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China; 9Department of Geriatrics, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xingdong Lin, Department of Encephalopathy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou, 510378, People’s Republic of China, Email linxdlili@gzucm.edu.cn Hao Li, Department of Geriatrics, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, People’s Republic of China, Email xyhplihao1965@126.comBackground: Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative condition that causes patients to experience progressive memory decline and a significant decline in overall cognitive ability at any given moment. The increase in the elderly population has resulted in a notable surge in the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease, as has the global impact of the disease. Significant clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in combination with Western medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease has been demonstrated in previous studies. The main purpose of this trial is to assess the effectiveness and safety of Shenxiong Huanglian Detoxification Granule combined with donepezil in individuals diagnosed with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease.Methods: This is a multicenter, pragmatic, randomized controlled trial. A total of 386 eligible individuals with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease will receive random assignment and equal access to the test or control group. The effectiveness and safety of Shenxiong Huanglian Detoxification Granule in combination with donepezil will be observed. The primary outcome is the alteration in scores acquired from the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale. Secondary outcomes include the assessments of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome score scale, Mini-Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating, and Activity of Daily Living scale. We will also analyze blood biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory indicators, oxidative stress indicators, and hemorheology indicators. In addition, safety assessments will be conducted at baseline, after 12 weeks, and after 24 weeks of treatment.Discussion: These findings will offer reliable clinical evidence regarding the effectiveness and safety of Shenxiong Huanglian Detoxification Granule in combination with donepezil for treating patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Additionally, this study will support the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine into mainstream treatment for Alzheimer’s disease, promoting a multitarget strategy.Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Registration Number: ChiCTR2300072768. Registered on 25 June 2023. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=195457.Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Shenxiong Huanglian Detoxification Granule, Chinese medicine, study protocol

The BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B) maintains a high fidelity of mitotic chromosome segregation by preventing the initiation of anaphase without the attachment of one or more kinetochore to the spindle, and plays a major role in both signal transduction and the stable attachment of kinetochore to microtubules. The dysregulated expression of BUB1B may affect the occurrence of mitosis-induced aneuploidy, chromosome instability and abnormal cell biological function, leading to cell malignant transformation. This review summarizes the role of BUB1B in the occurrence and development of gynecological malignant tumors.

The method for precursor information acquisition based on acoustic emission (AE) data for jointed rock masses is of significant importance for the early warning of dynamic disasters in underground engineering. A clustering-convolutional neural network (CNN) method is proposed, which comprises a clustering component and a CNN component. A series of uniaxial compression tests were conducted on granite specimens containing a persistent sawtooth joint, with different strain rates (10−5–10−2 s−1) and joint inclination angles (0°–50°). The results demonstrate that traditional precursory indicators based on full waveforms are effective for obtaining precursor information of the intact rock failure. However, these indicators are not universally applicable to the failure of rock masses with a single joint. The clustering-CNN method has the potential to be applied to obtain precursor information for all three failure modes (Modes I, II and III). Following the waveform clustering analysis, the effective waveforms exhibit a low main frequency, as well as high energy, ringing count, and rise time. Furthermore, the clustering method and the precursory indicators influence the acquisition of final precursor information. The Birch hierarchical clustering method and the S value precursory indicator can help to obtain more accurate results. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of warning methods for underground engineering across faults.

Cangtuo Li,1 Qiqi Hou,2 Quanle Han,3 Yuan Zhang,3 Jie Yu,3 Jianmei Wu,4 Hui Yang,5 Nan Wang,6 Jiawei Zhang,7 Kangbo Li8 1Department of Intervention, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 2Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Psychology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 6Catheterization Unit, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kailuan Tangjiazhuang Hospital, Tangshan, People’s Republic of China; 8School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Quanle Han, Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, No. 27, Wenhua Road, Lubei District, Tangshan, 063000, People’s Republic of China, Email quanle.han@outlook.comPurpose: The present study assessed the correlation between anxiety and depression in young and middle-aged Chinese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Patients and Methods: This study included 313 patients diagnosed with premature CAD at the Department of Cardiology between January and July 2023. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale (SAS/SDS) was used as a standardized scale to assess mental health symptoms. A binary logistic regression model (backward) was used to analyze the correlation between anxiety and depression in premature CAD.Results: Anxiety was observed in 154 persons with a prevalence of 49.20%, with a median SAS score of 53.0 (52.00– 54.00). Depression was observed in 91 patients, with a prevalence of 29.07%, with a median SDS score was 55.00 (54.00– 57.00). A total of 63 (20.13%) patients had comorbid anxiety and depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety was positively associated with severe coronary artery stenosis, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index, and snoring. However, it is negatively associated with high-income levels. Depression was positively associated with age, severe coronary artery stenosis, and snoring. However, it was negatively associated with SBP. Comorbid anxiety and depression were positively associated with age, severe coronary artery stenosis, and snoring.Conclusion: For the first time, we investigated the prevalence and correlators of anxiety and depression in premature CAD. Therefore, the correlators of emotional status should be routinely evaluated in both primary and specialized care services.Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, premature coronary artery disease, anxiety, depression

Abstract In various fields of mathematical research, the Brouwer degree is a potent tool for topological analysis. By using the Brouwer degree defined in one-dimensional space, we interpret the equation of state for temperature in black hole thermodynamics, $$T=T(V,x_i)$$ T = T ( V , x i ) , as a spinodal curve, with its derivative defining a new function f. The sign of the slope of f indicates the topological charge of the black hole’s critical points, and the total topological charge can be deduced from the asymptotic behavior of the function f. We analyze a spherical hairy black hole within the framework of Lovelock gravity, paying particular attention to the topological structure of black hole thermodynamics under Gauss–Bonnet gravity. Here, the sign of the scalar hair parameter influences the topological classification of uncharged black holes. When exploring the thermodynamic topological properties of hairy black holes under cubic Lovelock gravity, we find that the spherical hairy black hole reproduces the thermodynamic topological classification results seen under Gauss–Bonnet gravity.

Kai Cao,1,2 Xu-Yuan Quan,1 Yan Hou1,3,4 1Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China; 2Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100005, People’s Republic of China; 3Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, People’s Republic of China; 4Peking University Clinical Research Center, Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yan Hou, Email houyan@bjmu.edu.cnAbstract: In recent years, patient-focused drug development (PFDD) has received widespread attention as a new paradigm in clinical trials. The PFDD emphasizes patients are partners in research projects, where patients can participate in research design, implementation, and outcome measurement, rather than just providing data. PFDD has shown great value in the research and development of pharmaceutical products, such as in accelerating the process of patient enrollment and improving the success rate of drug approval. Many countries and regions, including the United States, China, and Europe, have issued relevant regulatory policies and guidelines related to PFDD, covering study design, implementation, and risk–benefit assessment. The core of PFDD implementation is clinical outcome assessment (COA), of which patient-reported outcome (PRO) is most common. As far as the US Food and Drug Administration is concerned, there are numerous COA tools waiting for qualification, but currently all qualified are PROs. This review focuses on PRO and explores the key elements of PRO instruments’ development, application, and inclusion in regulatory decision-making.Keywords: patient-reported outcome, patient-focused, drug, development, clinical trial

Diagnostic markers for myasthenia gravis (MG) are limited; thus, innovative approaches are required for supportive diagnosis and personalized care. Gut microbes are associated with MG pathogenesis; however, few studies have adopted machine learning (ML) to identify the associations among MG, gut microbiota, and metabolites. In this study, we developed an explainable ML model to predict biomarkers for MG diagnosis. We enrolled 19 MG patients and 10 non-MG individuals. Stool samples were collected and microbiome assessment was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Untargeted metabolic profiling was conducted to identify fecal amplicon significant variants (ASVs) and metabolites. We developed an explainable ML model in which the top ASVs and metabolites are combined to identify the best predictive performance. This model uses the SHapley Additive exPlanations method to generate both global and personalized explanations. Fecal microbe–metabolite composition differed significantly between groups. The key bacterial families were Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, and the top three features were Lachnospiraceae, inosine, and methylhistidine. An ML model trained with the top 1 % ASVs and top 15 % metabolites combined outperformed all other models. Personalized explanations revealed different patterns of microbe–metabolite contributions in patients with MG. The integration of the microbiota-metabolite features and the development of an explainable ML framework can accurately identify MG and provide personalized explanations, revealing the associations between gut microbiota, metabolites, and MG. An online calculator employing this algorithm was developed that provides a streamlined interface for MG diagnosis screening and conducting personalized evaluations.

Pancreatic pseudocysts have a high amylase concentration and are surrounded by a fibrous capsule without a true epithelial lining. They are most frequently located in the peripancreatic region, and rarely extend into the mediastinum. We report a case of a 46-year-old male patient with a history of pancreatitis due to eat and drink too much presented with nausea and vomiting, MRI of the abdominal demonstrated a cystic mass connecting the abdominal cavity to posterior mediastinum and compressing the heart and stomach, ultrasound-guided aspiration of the cystic mass revealed high levels of amylase, conffrming that the mass was a rare pancreatic pseudocyst extending into the mediastinum. He was admitted for expectant management and was successfully treated with cystojejunostomy. This case aims to illustrate the possibility of rare pancreatic pseudocysts when a cystic mass is found that penetrates the abdominal and thoracic cavities.

C23H25NO5, monoclinic, Cc (no. 9), a = 21.2548(2) Å, b = 20.4713(1) Å, c = 16.7944(1) Å, β = 126.267(1)°, V = 5,891.79(10) Å3, Z = 12, Rgt (F) = 0.0240, wRref (F 2) = 0.0649, T = 293 K.

Thermosetting resins are widely used in the composition of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers （CFRPs）， which are insoluble and non-melting after curing， making thermosetting resins and carbon fibers （CFs） difficult to recycle and reuse.Vitrimer has the advantages of thermosetting and thermoplastic resins， which can achieve high-performance CFRPs preparation and non-destructive recovery of CFs. Moreover， the construction of vitrimer and its CFRPs by the bio-based materials， such as lignin and vanillin， is in line with the green development concept. The methods， properties， and their applications for the preparation of bio-based vitrimer from lignin and vanillin were summarized in this paper； the applications of vanillin-based vitrimer in the recyclable CFRPs were reviewed； the future development of lignin/vanillin-based vitrimer and its CFRPs were outlooked. This paper would provide a reference for the construction of high-performance lignin and its derivative vitrimer and CFRPs.

Abstract To address the issues of uncertain pressure relief effectiveness and poor control of surrounding rock caused by the composite nature of the roof strata in the gob-side entry retained (GER), as well as significant changes in strata’s thickness and stability differences, this study focuses on the airway of the panel 3113 N in Longtan Coal Mine. Through field detection, theoretical analysis, and on-site applications, a stable mechanical model of the hard roof strata is established, elucidating the factors influencing fracture and instability in composite roof strata. The results indicate that roof stability of the GER depends on the position and ultimate load-bearing capacity of the hard roof strata, which in turn affects roof pressure relief effectiveness. Based on this, a roof classification method centered on “hard rock strata position and bearing capacity” is proposed. The retained roadway roof is categorized into four levels: Grade I (stable), Grade II (moderately stable), Grade III (unstable), and Grade IV (extremely unstable). Specific pressure relief methods, key parameters, roof control measures, and slope reinforcement methods are provided for each level of roof, forming a graded and zoned pressure relief technology for GER with composite roof. This approach emphasizes strong support and roof control, reinforced roadway sides, and precise roof cracking as core strategies. Field application results demonstrate that this graded and zoned pressure relief technology performs well, effectively maintaining stability of the surrounding rock in retained roadways.

C20H24N2O2, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 8.0021(9) Å, b = 5.9588(7) Å, c = 18.7274(19) Å, β = 93.546(7)°, V = 891.27(17) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0408, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1208, T = 300 K.

C18H15FN4O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 18.0993(7) Å, b = 6.8868(3) Å, c = 24.8450(12) Å, β = 90.515(4)°, V = 3,096.7(2) Å3, Z = 8, R gt(F) = 0.0417, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1040, T = 293 K.

C20H15FN2O, triclinic, P 1‾ $\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 8.0724(1) Å, b = 9.6473(1) Å, c = 9.6635(1) Å, α = 80.903(1)°, β = 82.325(1)°, γ = 84.147(1)°, V = 733.922(14) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt (F) = 0.0366, wRref (F 2) = 0.0934, T = 293 K.

Objective Over the past 30 years, Menyuan Country, Qinghai, has experienced three strong earthquakes, demonstrating active seismic activity. The focal mechanisms of these earthquakes showed remarkable differences and the epicenters were all located near the Lenglongling fault. Methods In order to quantitatively analyze the activity characteristics of the Menyuan seismic sequence using InSAR technology to obtain the coseismic deformation field of the Menyuan earthquake of 2016 and 2022 and establish an appropriate fault model, the fine slip distributions of the two earthquakes were obtained through steepest decent method (SDM). Furthermore, the static Coulomb stress changes on the faults in the region and its surroundings caused by the Menyuan Mw 6.6 earthquake in 2022 were evaluated. Results The coseismic deformation field in 2016 exhibited a single elliptical uplift center, with predominantly thrust motion. In contrast, the spatial distribution of the deformation field in 2022 was more complex, showing a Y-shaped distribution, and there was a slight variation in the rupture direction from west to east, with primarily horizontal deformation. Conclusion The two earthquakes also differed in their slip patterns and shallow and deep structural styles. In 2016, the seismic activity was weak, with a slip zone existing at depths between 8 km and 12 km, where the maximum slip was only 0.23 m. The fault plane had a low inclination angle, which is a characteristic of deep-seated slip. By contrast, the 2022 earthquake was a typical shallow-focus earthquake featuring three distinct slip areas. The primary rupture occurred in the Lenglongling section, concentrated in the shallow part from 1 km to 7 km, with a maximum displacement of 3.22 m. A significant slip also occurred along the western extension of the Lenglongling fault, reaching a maximum slip of 2.59 m. The Tuolaishan section experienced rupturing mainly between 3 km and 8 km, with the maximum slip recorded as 2.1 m. Significance Combined with the analysis of the Menyuan earthquake activity in 1986, it is inferred that the Menyuan earthquake sequence is dominated by the activity of the Lenglongling fault, which is continuously adapting to new structures and stress adjustments in its northeast extension and shows compressive-shortening activity trend. The 2022 Menyuan Mw 6.6 earthquake had a significant impact range, and earthquake hazards need to be continuously monitored and studied further, especially in areas where static Coulomb stress changes exceed the hazard threshold.

Physics-informed neural networks (PINN) are applied to the reconstruction of the ship propeller wake field. First, the principle and basic framework of PINN were introduced. Then, the Burgers equation was selected to verify the feasibility of PINN in solving partial differential equations. After that, the propeller of KVLCC2 in open water is simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software STAR CCM+, and the flow field information of the KVLCC2 propeller is obtained. Based on the simulated flow field information data, the training sample set was constructed to train PINN. The trained PINN was used to infer the approximate solution of the governing equation at any time and space. Finally, the velocity and pressure distribution obtained by PINN were compared with the velocity and pressure distribution simulated by STAR CCM+. The results validate the reliability of PINN in propeller wake field reconstruction, which can be concluded that PINN can be applied to the reconstruction of the ship propeller wake field.

Jieqiong Li,1,&ast; Xuefeng Yuan,2,&ast; Jie Peng,3 Xingfang Hou,4 Fang Zheng,5 Gang Xiao,5 Xiaohui Liu6 1Department of Pediatric, The First Hospital of Changsha (The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University), Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Hospital of Changsha (The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University), Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Changsha (The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University), Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Changsha (The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University), Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Changsha (The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University), Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Changsha (The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University), Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaohui Liu, Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Changsha (The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University), 311 Yingpan Road, Changsha, Kaifu District, 410005, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 731 84667573, Fax +86 731 84667680, Email gcys2021@126.comBackground: The World Health Organization (WHO) declared Human Monkeypox (mpox) as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in July 2022. Due to border quarantine and isolation measures implemented from January 2020 to December 2022, Beijing did not report its first locally transmitted case of mpox until May 31, 2023, which represented a delayed occurrence compared to other countries. The aim of this observational analysis is to describe demographical data, symptoms presentation and clinical course till outcome of patients diagnosed with monkeypox (mpox) from June to December 2023 at a tertiary level hospital in Changsha, china.Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 44 confirmed mpox cases and compared laboratory data between HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected patients at a tertiary general hospital in Changsha, China.Results: All patients were male, with a median age of 33 years. 88.6% patients had sex with men (MSM), and 88.9% HIV-infected patients accepted antiretroviral therapy (ART). The early symptoms of mpox typically include rashes and fever, which usually appear around the penis or anus. There were significant differences were found between HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected patients in laboratory data (P < 0.05), but none were clinically significant.Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of targeted mpox management strategies in MSM populations, particularly those co-infected with HIV and syphilis. Health authorities should consider proactive prevention and control measures, especially given the overlapping epidemics of HIV, syphilis, and mpox. Further studies are needed to explore the long-term clinical outcomes and potential benefits of vaccination in preventing mpox among high-risk populations.Keywords: Monkeypox virus, HIV, Syphilis, MSM, Rash

To explore the differences in the quality of Artemisia dracunculus L essential oil at different growth times, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the chemical components of Artemisia annua essential oil. The influence of growth time on its chemical composition and relative content was verified through orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and polymer thermal map analysis. The GC-MS analysis results showed that there were a total of 25 substances at each growth time, including 13 terpenes, 9 alcohols, and 3 other substances. In addition, esters, fatty acids, and ketones were also detected at individual growth times. Cluster heatmap analysis showed that most substances had higher content in S1 and S2, followed by S3 and S4, and S5 and S6 had the lowest content. The overall trend of terpenes was that they first decreased, followed by increasing, and then decreased. The total relative content of terpenes was relatively high in April, followed by May, and the lowest of that was in June. The content of alcohol substances was relatively higher before S4 at various growth times, but decreased after S4. At the same time, the content of α-tocopherol was also higher before S4, and Variable Importance for the Projection (VIP) analysis showed that there were a total of 5 substances with VIP greater than 1, namely oleiferin α- Pinene, 3-Carene γ-Sitosterol β-Sitosterol, respectively. Therefore, havesting Artemisia annua and extracting essential oil before late May cauld yield Artemisia annua essential oil of relatively better quality.

Mung bean noodles are traditional multigrain noodles in China, but generally, the addition of green beans is relatively low. Six mung bean cultivars from major production areas were selected to prepare noodles with a high mung bean content of 70%. Then, we screened suitable mung bean raw material varieties for processing based on principal component analysis (PCA). The cooking properties, texture properties, and sensory characteristics of the processed mung bean noodles were analyzed, and relevant data on these properties was collected for analysis. The quality of processed noodles of different mung bean cultivars was evaluated based on PCA. Three types of principal components were extracted from the PCA, and the key indicators of total starch, protein, water absorption, hardness, chewiness and adhesiveness were determined and scored. Finally, we ranked the processing suitability scores for different mung bean varieties and selected the excellent cultivar Weilv 7 to produce high mung bean content noodles.

Ling Hou,1,2,&ast; Ke Su,1,&ast; Jinbo Zhao,1 Ting He,2 Yuanhong Li1 1Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuanhong Li, Email lyh0101@vip.163.comBackground: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with atrial fibrillation (AF) being a common complication. Chronic inflammatory responses play a significant role in the relationship between coronary artery disease and AF. This study aims to investigate the value of the multi-inflammatory index (MII) in predicting the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who visited our hospital from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023, including a total of 1392 patients. Clinical data and laboratory results were collected. Feature selection was performed using the Boruta algorithm. Five machine learning models were constructed: Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Elastic Net, Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), and Multilayer Perceptron. Model performance was evaluated using five-fold cross-validation. SHAP values were utilized to analyze feature importance and model interpretability.Results: The study included 1302 patients without AF and 90 patients with AF. Patients with AF had significantly higher MII compared to those without AF (10.02 vs 4.79). Thirteen variables most related to AF occurrence were selected using the Boruta algorithm. The LightGBM model outperformed others, showing the highest accuracy and calibration in both training and test sets. In the training set, LightGBM achieved an AUC of 0.958, accuracy of 0.851, and sensitivity of 0.943, while in the testing set, it achieved an AUC of 0.757 and accuracy of 0.821. SHAP analysis indicated that age, heart rate, and MII were the primary predictors of AF occurrence.Conclusion: The LightGBM model demonstrated adequate sensitivity and accuracy. The multi-inflammatory index plays a crucial role in predicting atrial fibrillation in patients with coronary heart disease.Keywords: atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, multi-inflammatory index, machine learning models, light gradient boosting machine