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This article illuminates instances in which four graduate students have struggled with issues of representation--of themselves and of immigrant participants--at their research sites and in their writing. These dilemmas are situated within the literature on the politics of representation in qualitative research. Although these dilemmas are not unique to novice researchers, how graduate students experience and work through the ethical grey spaces of ethnographic research is impacted by their status as emerging researchers--that is, as ethnographers transitioning from research in "theory" (idealism) to research in "practice" (reality). Although this paper does not offer hard and fast solutions to these dilemmas, it points to ways in which novice researchers may benefit from mentors when participating in reflexive communities.

Water-soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) in marine atmospheric aerosols affect the water-solubility, acidity, and light-absorbing properties of aerosol particles, which are important parameters in assessing both the climate impact and the biogeochemical cycling of bioelements. Size-segregated aerosol and surface seawater (SSW) samples were simultaneously collected over the subtropical North Pacific to investigate the origin of WSON in the marine atmosphere. The fine-mode WSON concentration (7.5±6.6 ngN m−3) at 200–240º E along 23º N defined as the eastern North Pacific (ENP) was significantly higher than that (2.4±1.9 ngN m−3) at 135–200º E, defined as the western North Pacific (WNP). Analysis of the stable carbon isotope ratio of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) (δ13CWSOC) together with backward trajectory indicated that most of the observed WSON in the fine particles in the ENP originated from the ocean surface. We found a significant positive correlation between the WSON concentrations and nitrogen fixation rate in SSW. The result indicates that reactive nitrogen (dissolved organic nitrogen and ammonium), produced and exuded by nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in SSW, contributed to the formation of WSON aerosols. This study provides new insights into the role of ocean-derived reactive nitrogen aerosols associated with marine microbial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gut contents and nitrogen isotope ratio (δ15N) analyses were conducted on splendid alfonsino Beryx splendens collected in the vicinity of Kuroshio from May 2015 to November 2016 (n = 708) to identify their feeding habits in the Western North Pacific. Micronektonic fish, shrimp, and squid were the dominant prey species, with the Decapoda Acanthephyra quadrispinosa, Prehensilosergia prehensilis, Cephalopoda Enoploteuthis chunii, Chiroteuthis calyx, Teleostei Sigmops gracilis, and Gonostoma elongatum. These micronektons are common in the Kuroshio Current; thus, B. splendens is a possible opportunistic feeder. Gut content weight (GCW), occurrence (%O) of fish and squid, and δ15N were significantly increased with the fork length (FL) of B. splendens. Only the %O of shrimp does not show a significant relationship with the FL of B. splendens. These indicated the ontogenetic shift of dominant prey from shrimp to fish. Fattened specimens could also prey on a greater number of fish. The seasonality of GCW and %O values was high in spring and autumn and low in summer and winter. This seasonality indicated that the feeding habits of B. splendens are controlled by primary productivity in the surface layer and/or by maturity. When the Kuroshio flowed in the north of Hachijojima Island, the GCW was significantly increased, and some organisms, including C. calyx, G. elongatum, and S. gracilis, were preyed on more. While the offshore area of the Kuroshio has low productivity, B. splendens can actively prey in this area, indicating that it is an important feeding ground for this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time duration is perceived to be longer when accompanied by dynamic sensory stimulation than when accompanied by static stimulation. This distortion of time perception is thought to be due to the acceleration of an internal pacemaker that has been assumed to be the main component of temporal judgments. In order to investigate whether the function of the internal pacemaker is modality dependent or independent, we examined the correlation of visual flicker and auditory flutter effects on a temporal production task. While seeing a 10-Hz visual flicker or hearing a 10-Hz auditory flutter, participants estimated a duration of 2500 ms as accurately as possible by pressing a button. The results showed a significant within-individual correlation between the time distortion due to visual flicker and that due to auditory flutter. Additionally, we found that time distortion due to auditory flutter tended to be larger in female participants than in male participants. These results suggest that the mechanisms underlying subjective time dilation are similar between vision and audition within individuals, but that they vary across individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time duration is perceived to be longer when accompanied by dynamic sensory stimulation than when accompanied by static stimulation. This distortion of time perception is thought to be due to the acceleration of an internal pacemaker that has been assumed to be the main component of temporal judgments. In order to investigate whether the function of the internal pacemaker is modality dependent or independent, we examined the correlation of visual flicker and auditory flutter effects on a temporal production task. While seeing a 10-Hz visual flicker or hearing a 10-Hz auditory flutter, participants estimated a duration of 2500 ms as accurately as possible by pressing a button. The results showed a significant within-individual correlation between the time distortion due to visual flicker and that due to auditory flutter. Additionally, we found that time distortion due to auditory flutter tended to be larger in female participants than in male participants. These results suggest that the mechanisms underlying subjective time dilation are similar between vision and audition within individuals, but that they vary across individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]