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9. Effect of natural biomass fillers on the stability, degradability, and elasticity of crop straws liquefied polyols‐based polyurethane foams.

Author

Zhang, Jingmiao, Hori, Naruhito, and Takemura, Akio

Subjects
URETHANE foam, ELASTICITY, RAPESEED, WATER immersion, CORN stover, STRAW, SOIL particles, SOIL heating
Abstract

Oilseed rape straw (OS), rice straw (RS), wheat straw (WS), and corn stover (CS) particles were used to reinforce bio‐polyols based polyurethane (PU) foams. The influence of crop straws (XS) fillers on the stability in water, degradability in soil, thermal stability, and elasticity of foams were investigated. The incorporation of OS and CS particles in the PU matrix increased the stability of reinforced foams in water, while the addition of WS and RS particles made foams lower stability in water. PU foams reinforced by XS particles displayed mass reductions up to 53.8% after burying in soil for 250 days. The reinforced foams were more stable under heating but the enhancement of thermal stability trended to disappear after water immersion or soil burying. The reinforced foams showed better elasticity that incorporations of OS and CS made PU foams higher height recovery percentage, while RS and WS made the recovery percentage decline firstly and then enhance during three times compressions. All these four XS particles are suitable to modify bio‐based PU foams, especially OS and CS particles appear to be more outstanding in preparing foams with higher stability in water, degradability in soil, thermal stability, and elasticity than RS and WS particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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30. Optimization of polyol production via liquefaction from <italic>Acacia mangium</italic> and analysis of the polyols by traditional methods and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy.

Author

Palle, Ismawati, Hori, Naruhito, Iwata, Tadahisa, and Takemura, Akio

Subjects
*LIQUEFACTION (Physics), *MANGIUM, *WOOD flour, *POLYETHYLENE glycol, *SULFURIC acid, *SOLVENTS
Abstract

The aim was to optimize the liquefaction conditions of Acacia mangium wood flour with polyethylene glycol (PEG#400) as the solvent in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst under atmospheric pressure. Reaction time (30–180 min), temperature (130–170°C), and the solvent ratio (PEG/glycerol=0–25%) were varied to obtain the lowest residue content. The resulting polyol was characterized by their hydroxyl number (OHN), acid number (AN), viscosity, molecular weight (Mw), thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS). The OHN was lowered, AN and Mw were elevated as a function of increasing the reaction temperature and the time. Introducing glycerol in the PEG system markedly increased the OHN, AN and viscosity of the liquefied wood. The optimum condition was 80/20% ratio of PEG/glycerol at 150°C in 150 min leading to a 75% liquefaction yield. The 1730 cm−1 band was indicative for the esters in the liquefied product. The 2D-COS analysis showed that lignin is easily liquefied at high temperatures and a decreasing amount of PEG, and that the presence of glycerol significantly enhanced the 1730 cm−1 band. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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50. Preparation and characterization of polychloroprene nanocomposites with cellulose nanofibers from oil palm empty fruit bunches as a nanofiller.

Author

Fahma, Farah, Hori, Naruhito, Iwata, Tadahisa, and Takemura, Akio

Subjects
CELLULOSE nanocrystals, PALM oil, ACETYLATION, ACETIC anhydride, PYRIDINE, CATALYSIS
Abstract

ABSTRACT Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from oil palm empty fruit bunches were chemically modified by acetylation with acetic anhydride and pyridine (as the solvent and catalyst). The acetylated CNFs showed good dispersion in a polychloroprene (PCR) matrix. The tensile strength and modulus of neat PCR were improved, whereas its elongation at break decreased with increasing nanofiber content. Above the glass-transition temperature ( Tg), the dynamic mechanical analysis profiles showed that the storage modulus of the PCR-cellulose nanocomposites was higher than that of neat PCR. Meanwhile, the thermal stability was still maintained, and the Tg was close to the neat PCR at the 5 wt % addition level of CNFs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40159. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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