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1. Coming to Terms with Ocean Literacy

Author

MacNeil, Sarah, Hoover, Carie, Ostertag, Julia, Yumagulova, Lilia, and Glithero, Lisa

Abstract

The term "ocean literacy" originated in the early 2000s from American ocean science researchers and educators to strengthen ocean science education in the national curriculum. Worldwide, it has been adapted to reflect a more multidisciplinary approach to understanding humans' relationships with the ocean. Research from the Understanding Ocean Literacy in Canada national study (2019-2020) (Ammendolia et al., 2020; Glithero, 2020; Hoover, 2020; MacNeil, 2020; Ostertag & Ammendolia, 2020; Yumagulova, 2020) identified ocean literacy as a limiting term, unable to capture the scope of Canadian experiences with the ocean continuum (land, freshwater, coastal areas, sea ice, open ocean), and inadequate in encapsulating different worldviews and across different linguistic communities. We discuss the challenges of contextualizing an international term within Canada and present ideas to move toward more inclusive terminology, examining the challenges still ahead in developing relevant terminology and bridging with international initiatives.

Published
2021

4. The circumpolar impacts of climate change and anthropogenic stressors on Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) and its ecosystem

Author

Geoffroy, Maxime, primary, Bouchard, Caroline, additional, Flores, Hauke, additional, Robert, Dominique, additional, Gjøsæter, Harald, additional, Hoover, Carie, additional, Hop, Haakon, additional, Hussey, Nigel E., additional, Nahrgang, Jasmine, additional, Steiner, Nadja, additional, Bender, Morgan, additional, Berge, Jørgen, additional, Castellani, Giulia, additional, Chernova, Natalia, additional, Copeman, Louise, additional, David, Carmen L., additional, Deary, Alison, additional, Divoky, George, additional, Dolgov, Andrey V., additional, Duffy-Anderson, Janet, additional, Dupont, Nicolas, additional, Durant, Joël M., additional, Elliott, Kyle, additional, Gauthier, Stéphane, additional, Goldstein, Esther D., additional, Gradinger, Rolf, additional, Hedges, Kevin, additional, Herbig, Jennifer, additional, Laurel, Ben, additional, Loseto, Lisa, additional, Maes, Sarah, additional, Mark, Felix C., additional, Mosbech, Anders, additional, Pedro, Sara, additional, Pettitt-Wade, Harri, additional, Prokopchuk, Irina, additional, Renaud, Paul E., additional, Schembri, Sarah, additional, Vestfals, Cathleen, additional, and Walkusz, Wojciech, additional

Published
2023
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5. Structure and function of the western Baffin Bay coastal and shelf ecosystem

Author

Pedro, Sara, primary, Lemire, Mélanie, additional, Hoover, Carie, additional, Saint-Béat, Blanche, additional, Janjua, Muhammad Y., additional, Herbig, Jennifer, additional, Geoffroy, Maxime, additional, Yunda-Guarin, Gustavo, additional, Moisan, Marie-Ange, additional, Boissinot, Justin, additional, Tremblay, Jean-Éric, additional, Little, Matthew, additional, Chan, Laurie, additional, Babin, Marcel, additional, Kenny, Tiff-Annie, additional, and Maps, Frédéric, additional

Published
2023
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9. WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies

Author

Sumaila, U. Rashid, primary, Skerritt, Daniel J., additional, Schuhbauer, Anna, additional, Villasante, Sebastian, additional, Cisneros-Montemayor, Andrés M., additional, Sinan, Hussain, additional, Burnside, Duncan, additional, Abdallah, Patrízia Raggi, additional, Abe, Keita, additional, Addo, Kwasi A., additional, Adelsheim, Julia, additional, Adewumi, Ibukun J., additional, Adeyemo, Olanike K., additional, Adger, Neil, additional, Adotey, Joshua, additional, Advani, Sahir, additional, Afrin, Zahidah, additional, Aheto, Denis, additional, Akintola, Shehu L., additional, Akpalu, Wisdom, additional, Alam, Lubna, additional, Alava, Juan José, additional, Allison, Edward H., additional, Amon, Diva J., additional, Anderies, John M., additional, Anderson, Christopher M., additional, Andrews, Evan, additional, Angelini, Ronaldo, additional, Anna, Zuzy, additional, Antweiler, Werner, additional, Arizi, Evans K., additional, Armitage, Derek, additional, Arthur, Robert I., additional, Asare, Noble, additional, Asche, Frank, additional, Asiedu, Berchie, additional, Asuquo, Francis, additional, Badmus, Lanre, additional, Bailey, Megan, additional, Ban, Natalie, additional, Barbier, Edward B., additional, Barley, Shanta, additional, Barnes, Colin, additional, Barrett, Scott, additional, Basurto, Xavier, additional, Belhabib, Dyhia, additional, Bennett, Elena, additional, Bennett, Nathan J., additional, Benzaken, Dominique, additional, Blasiak, Robert, additional, Bohorquez, John J., additional, Bordehore, Cesar, additional, Bornarel, Virginie, additional, Boyd, David R., additional, Breitburg, Denise, additional, Brooks, Cassandra, additional, Brotz, Lucas, additional, Campbell, Donovan, additional, Cannon, Sara, additional, Cao, Ling, additional, Cardenas Campo, Juan C., additional, Carpenter, Steve, additional, Carpenter, Griffin, additional, Carson, Richard T., additional, Carvalho, Adriana R., additional, Castrejón, Mauricio, additional, Caveen, Alex J., additional, Chabi, M. Nicole, additional, Chan, Kai M. A., additional, Chapin, F. Stuart, additional, Charles, Tony, additional, Cheung, William, additional, Christensen, Villy, additional, Chuku, Ernest O., additional, Church, Trevor, additional, Clark, Colin, additional, Clarke, Tayler M., additional, Cojocaru, Andreea L., additional, Copeland, Brian, additional, Crawford, Brian, additional, Crépin, Anne-Sophie, additional, Crowder, Larry B., additional, Cury, Philippe, additional, Cutting, Allison N., additional, Daily, Gretchen C., additional, Da-Rocha, Jose Maria, additional, Das, Abhipsita, additional, de la Puente, Santiago, additional, de Zeeuw, Aart, additional, Deikumah, Savior K. S., additional, Deith, Mairin, additional, Dewitte, Boris, additional, Doubleday, Nancy, additional, Duarte, Carlos M., additional, Dulvy, Nicholas K., additional, Eddy, Tyler, additional, Efford, Meaghan, additional, Ehrlich, Paul R., additional, Elsler, Laura G., additional, Fakoya, Kafayat A., additional, Falaye, A. Eyiwunmi, additional, Fanzo, Jessica, additional, Fitzsimmons, Clare, additional, Flaaten, Ola, additional, Florko, Katie R. N., additional, Aviles, Marta Flotats, additional, Folke, Carl, additional, Forrest, Andrew, additional, Freeman, Peter, additional, Freire, Kátia M. F., additional, Froese, Rainer, additional, Frölicher, Thomas L., additional, Gallagher, Austin, additional, Garcon, Veronique, additional, Gasalla, Maria A., additional, Gephart, Jessica A., additional, Gibbons, Mark, additional, Gillespie, Kyle, additional, Giron-Nava, Alfredo, additional, Gjerde, Kristina, additional, Glaser, Sarah, additional, Golden, Christopher, additional, Gordon, Line, additional, Govan, Hugh, additional, Gryba, Rowenna, additional, Halpern, Benjamin S., additional, Hanich, Quentin, additional, Hara, Mafaniso, additional, Harley, Christopher D. G., additional, Harper, Sarah, additional, Harte, Michael, additional, Helm, Rebecca, additional, Hendrix, Cullen, additional, Hicks, Christina C., additional, Hood, Lincoln, additional, Hoover, Carie, additional, Hopewell, Kristen, additional, Horta e Costa, Bárbara B., additional, Houghton, Jonathan D. R., additional, Iitembu, Johannes. A., additional, Isaacs, Moenieba, additional, Isahaku, Sadique, additional, Ishimura, Gakushi, additional, Islam, Monirul, additional, Issifu, Ibrahim, additional, Jackson, Jeremy, additional, Jacquet, Jennifer, additional, Jensen, Olaf P., additional, Ramon, Jorge Jimenez, additional, Jin, Xue, additional, Jonah, Alberta, additional, Jouffray, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Juniper, S. Kim, additional, Jusoh, Sufian, additional, Kadagi, Isigi, additional, Kaeriyama, Masahide, additional, Kaiser, Michel J., additional, Kaiser, Brooks Alexandra, additional, Kakujaha-Matundu, Omu, additional, Karuaihe, Selma T., additional, Karumba, Mary, additional, Kemmerly, Jennifer D., additional, Khan, Ahmed S., additional, Kimani, Patrick, additional, Kleisner, Kristin, additional, Knowlton, Nancy, additional, Kotowicz, Dawn, additional, Kurien, John, additional, Kwong, Lian E., additional, Lade, Steven, additional, Laffoley, Dan, additional, Lam, Mimi E., additional, Lam, Vicky W. L., additional, Lange, Glenn-Marie, additional, Latif, Mohd T., additional, Le Billon, Philippe, additional, Le Brenne, Valérie, additional, Le Manach, Frédéric, additional, Levin, Simon A., additional, Levin, Lisa, additional, Limburg, Karin E., additional, List, John, additional, Lombard, Amanda T., additional, Lopes, Priscila F. M., additional, Lotze, Heike K., additional, Mallory, Tabitha G., additional, Mangar, Roshni S., additional, Marszalec, Daniel, additional, Mattah, Precious, additional, Mayorga, Juan, additional, McAusland, Carol, additional, McCauley, Douglas J., additional, McLean, Jeffrey, additional, McMullen, Karly, additional, Meere, Frank, additional, Mejaes, Annie, additional, Melnychuk, Michael, additional, Mendo, Jaime, additional, Micheli, Fiorenza, additional, Millage, Katherine, additional, Miller, Dana, additional, Mohamed, Kolliyil Sunil, additional, Mohammed, Essam, additional, Mokhtar, Mazlin, additional, Morgan, Lance, additional, Muawanah, Umi, additional, Munro, Gordon R., additional, Murray, Grant, additional, Mustafa, Saleem, additional, Nayak, Prateep, additional, Newell, Dianne, additional, Nguyen, Tu, additional, Noack, Frederik, additional, Nor, Adibi M., additional, Nunoo, Francis K. E., additional, Obura, David, additional, Okey, Tom, additional, Okyere, Isaac, additional, Onyango, Paul, additional, Oostdijk, Maartje, additional, Orlov, Polina, additional, Österblom, Henrik, additional, Owens, Dwight, additional, Owens, Tessa, additional, Oyinlola, Mohammed, additional, Pacoureau, Nathan, additional, Pakhomov, Evgeny, additional, Abrantes, Juliano Palacios, additional, Pascual, Unai, additional, Paulmier, Aurélien, additional, Pauly, Daniel, additional, Pèlèbè, Rodrigue Orobiyi Edéya, additional, Peñalosa, Daniel, additional, Pennino, Maria G., additional, Peterson, Garry, additional, Pham, Thuy T. T., additional, Pinkerton, Evelyn, additional, Polasky, Stephen, additional, Polunin, Nicholas V. C., additional, Prah, Ekow, additional, Ramírez, Jorge, additional, Relano, Veronica, additional, Reygondeau, Gabriel, additional, Robadue, Don, additional, Roberts, Callum, additional, Rogers, Alex, additional, Roumbedakis, Katina, additional, Sala, Enric, additional, Scheffer, Marten, additional, Segerson, Kathleen, additional, Seijo, Juan Carlos, additional, Seto, Karen C., additional, Shogren, Jason F., additional, Silver, Jennifer J., additional, Singh, Gerald, additional, Soszynski, Ambre, additional, Splichalova, Dacotah-Victoria, additional, Spring, Margaret, additional, Stage, Jesper, additional, Stephenson, Fabrice, additional, Stewart, Bryce D., additional, Sultan, Riad, additional, Suttle, Curtis, additional, Tagliabue, Alessandro, additional, Tall, Amadou, additional, Talloni-Álvarez, Nicolás, additional, Tavoni, Alessandro, additional, Taylor, D. R. Fraser, additional, Teh, Louise S. L., additional, Teh, Lydia C. L., additional, Thiebot, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Thiele, Torsten, additional, Thilsted, Shakuntala H., additional, Thumbadoo, Romola V., additional, Tigchelaar, Michelle, additional, Tol, Richard S. J., additional, Tortell, Philippe, additional, Troell, Max, additional, Uzmanoğlu, M. Selçuk, additional, van Putten, Ingrid, additional, van Santen, Gert, additional, Villaseñor-Derbez, Juan Carlos, additional, Wabnitz, Colette C. C., additional, Walsh, Melissa, additional, Walsh, J. P., additional, Wambiji, Nina, additional, Weber, Elke U., additional, Westley, Frances, additional, Williams, Stella, additional, Wisz, Mary S., additional, Worm, Boris, additional, Xiao, Lan, additional, Yagi, Nobuyuki, additional, Yamazaki, Satoshi, additional, Yang, Hong, additional, and Zeller, Dirk, additional

Published
2021
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10. Southern Ocean Food Web Modelling: Progress, Prognoses, and Future Priorities for Research and Policy Makers

Author

McCormack, Stacey A., primary, Melbourne-Thomas, Jessica, additional, Trebilco, Rowan, additional, Griffith, Gary, additional, Hill, Simeon L., additional, Hoover, Carie, additional, Johnston, Nadine M., additional, Marina, Tomás I., additional, Murphy, Eugene J., additional, Pakhomov, Evgeny A., additional, Pinkerton, Matt, additional, Plagányi, Éva, additional, Saravia, Leonardo A., additional, Subramaniam, Roshni C., additional, Van de Putte, Anton P., additional, and Constable, Andrew J., additional

Published
2021
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11. A meta-collection of nitrogen stable isotope data measured in Arctic marine organisms from the Canadian Beaufort Sea, 1983–2013

Author

Ehrman, Ashley, primary, Hoover, Carie, additional, Giraldo, Carolina, additional, MacPhee, Shannon A., additional, Brewster, Jasmine, additional, Michel, Christine, additional, Reist, James D., additional, Power, Michael, additional, Swanson, Heidi, additional, Niemi, Andrea, additional, Walkusz, Wojciech, additional, and Loseto, Lisa, additional

Published
2021
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12. Preparing for the Inevitable: Ecological and Indigenous Community Impacts of Oil Spill-Related Mortality in the United States’ Arctic Marine Ecosystem

Author

Suprenand, Paul M., Hoover, Carie, Ainsworth, Cameron H., Dornberger, Lindsey N., Johnson, Chris J., Murawski, Steven A., editor, Ainsworth, Cameron H., editor, Gilbert, Sherryl, editor, Hollander, David J., editor, Paris, Claire B., editor, Schlüter, Michael, editor, and Wetzel, Dana L., editor

Published
2020
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14. Supporting early career researchers: insights from interdisciplinary marine scientists

Author

Andrews, Evan J, primary, Harper, Sarah, primary, Cashion, Tim, primary, Palacios-Abrantes, Juliano, primary, Blythe, Jessica, primary, Daly, Jack, primary, Eger, Sondra, primary, Hoover, Carie, primary, Talloni-Alvarez, Nicolás, primary, Teh, Louise, primary, Bennett, Nathan, primary, Epstein, Graham, primary, Knott, Christine, primary, Newell, Sarah L, primary, and Whitney, Charlotte K, primary

Published
2020
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18. Impacts of the Changing Ocean-Sea Ice System on the Key Forage Fish Arctic Cod (Boreogadus Saida) and Subsistence Fisheries in the Western Canadian Arctic—Evaluating Linked Climate, Ecosystem and Economic (CEE) Models

Author

Steiner, Nadja S., primary, Cheung, William W. L., additional, Cisneros-Montemayor, Andres M., additional, Drost, Helen, additional, Hayashida, Hakase, additional, Hoover, Carie, additional, Lam, Jen, additional, Sou, Tessa, additional, Sumaila, U. Rashid, additional, Suprenand, Paul, additional, Tai, Travis C., additional, and VanderZwaag, David L., additional

Published
2019
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20. Towards an integrated database on Canadian ocean resources: benefits, current states, and research gaps

Author

Cisneros-Montemayor, Andres Miguel, Cheung, William Wai Lung, Bodtker, Karin, Teh, Louise, Steiner, Nadja, Bailey, Megan, Hoover, Carie, and Sumaila, Ussif Rashid

Subjects
Ecological research -- Information management, Databases -- Management, Company business management, Company systems management, CD-ROM catalog, Database, CD-ROM database, Earth sciences
Abstract

Oceanic ecosystem services support a range of human benefits, and Canada has extensive research networks producing growing data sets. We present a first effort to compile, link, and harmonize available information to provide new perspectives on the status of Canadian ocean ecosystems and corresponding research. The metadata database currently includes 1094 individual assessments and data sets from government (n = 716), nongovernment (n = 320), and academic sources (n = 58), comprising research on marine species, natural drivers and resources, human activities, ecosystem services, and governance, with data sets spanning 1979-2012 on average. Overall, research shows a strong prevalence towards single-species fishery studies, with an underrepresentation of economic and social aspects, and of the Arctic region in general. Nevertheless, the number of studies that are multispecies or ecosystem-based have increased since the 1960s. We present and discuss two illustrative case studies--marine protected area establishment in Canada and herring resource use by the Heiltsuk First Nation--highlighting the potential use of multidisciplinary data sets drawn from metadata records. Identifying knowledge gaps is key to achieving the comprehensive, accessible and interdisciplinary data sets and subsequent analyses necessary for new sustainability policies that meet both ecological and socioeconomic needs. Les services des ecosystemes oceaniques supportent un eventail d'avantages pour les humains, et le Canada dispose de vastes reseaux de recherche qui produisent des ensembles de donnees croissants. Nous presentons les premiers efforts visant a compiler, relier et harmoniser l'information disponible afin d'offrir de nouvelles perspectives sur l'etat des ecosystemes oceaniques canadiens et la recherche s'y rapportant. La base de metadonnees comprend actuellement 1094 evaluations et ensembles de donnees distincts provenant de sources gouvernementales (n = 716), non gouvernementales (n = 320) et universitaires (n = 58), qui comprennent des travaux sur des especes marines, des facteurs et ressources naturels, des activites humaines, les services d'ecosystemes et la gouvernance, les ensembles de donnees couvrant, en moyenne, la periode de 1979 a 2012. Dans l'ensemble, la recherche montre une forte prevalence d'etudes sur les peches visant une seule espece et une sous-representation des aspects economiques et sociaux et de la region arctique en general. Cela dit, le nombre d'etudes portant sur des especes multiples ou sur des ecosystemes a augmente depuis les annees 1960. Nous presentons deux etudes de cas a des fins d'illustration et de discussion, sur l'etablissement d'aires marines protegees au Canada et sur les ressources de harengs utilisees par la Premiere Nation Heiltsuk, qui font ressortir l'utilite potentielle d'ensembles de donnees multidisciplinaires extraits de registres de metadonnees. La determination des lacunes en matiere de connaissances est d'importance cle pour la production d'ensembles de donnees exhaustifs, accessibles et interdisciplinaires et pour les analyses subsequentes necessaires a l'elaboration de nouvelles politiques de gestion durable pour repondre a des besoins tant ecologiques que socioeconomiques. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction Availability, integration, and access to information on ocean resources and research have been identified as key challenges for Canadian ocean management (Expert Panel on Canadian Ocean Science 2013). Such [...]

Published
2017
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22. Canada at a crossroad: The imperative for realigning ocean policy with ocean science

Author

Bailey, Megan, primary, Favaro, Brett, additional, Otto, Sarah P., additional, Charles, Anthony, additional, Devillers, Rodolphe, additional, Metaxas, Anna, additional, Tyedmers, Peter, additional, Ban, Natalie C., additional, Mason, Taylor, additional, Hoover, Carie, additional, Duck, Thomas J., additional, Fanning, Lucia, additional, Milley, Chris, additional, Cisneros-Montemayor, Andrés M., additional, Pauly, Daniel, additional, Cheung, William W.L., additional, Cullis-Suzuki, Sarika, additional, Teh, Louise, additional, and Sumaila, U. Rashid, additional

Published
2016
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26. Cortisol levels in beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas):Setting a benchmark for Marine Protected Area monitoring

Author

Loseto, Lisa L., Pleskach, Kerri, Hoover, Carie, Tomy, Gregg T., Desforges, Jean-Pierre, Halldorson, Thor, and Ross, Peter S.

Subjects
Beaufort Sea, hormones, ICE, Environmental engineering, LONG-TERM STRESS, TA170-171, TRENDS, Environmental sciences, HORMONE CORTISOL, ORGANOCHLORINES, beaufort sea, physiology, MAMMALS, GE1-350, PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS, STELLER SEA LIONS, marine mammals, VITAMIN-E, GREENLAND POLAR BEARS
Abstract

Beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) are facing profound changes in their habitat, with impacts expected at the individual and population level. Detecting and monitoring exposure and response to environmental stressors is necessary for beluga conservation and management of human activities. Cortisol has proven as a useful tool to assess stress on wildlife. Cortisol was measured in three blubber layers and plasma in subsistence-hunted beluga whales from the summers of 2007 to 2010 using an HPLC/MS/MS. We assessed o the effect of biological and biochemical factors. Cortisol ranged from undetectable to 17.8 ng/g in blubber and 2.5 to 61.2 ng/mL in plasma. Concentrations were highest in the inner blubber layer likely reflecting circulating levels. All tissues were significantly higher in 2008 for reasons that remain unclear. Cortisol levels were on par with resting levels in captive belugas. Best fit models for cortisol revealed age to be an important determinant along with length and blubber thickness. Lack of relationships with biochemical factors such as organic contaminants suggests current cortisol levels are not significantly influenced by present contaminant concentrations. Our findings support the use of middle and outer blubber tissues for an integrated measure of chronic stress that are less subject to the influence of acute stress.

Published
2018

27. Coming to Terms with Ocean Literacy.

Author

MacNeil, Sarah, Hoover, Carie, Ostertag, Julia, Yumagulova, Lilia, and Glithero, Lisa (Diz)

Subjects
TERMS & phrases, ENVIRONMENTAL literacy, OCEAN, NONGOVERNMENTAL organizations
Abstract

The article examines the emerging ocean literacy terminology in Canada based on the regional report "Understanding Ocean Literacy in Canada." Topics discussed include the emergence of the nongovernmental organization Canadian Network for Ocean Education (CaNOE) as a pioneer promoter of ocean literacy in Canada, meaning of the term New Ocean Ethic in Newfoundland and Labrador, and importance of a deeper understanding of the meaning of ocean for people to advancing ocean literacy in the country.

Published
2021

28. From the Tropics to the Poles : Ecosystem Models of Hudson Bay, Kaloko-Honokōhau, Hawai'i, and the Antarctic Peninsula

Author

Wabnitz, Colette and Hoover, Carie

Abstract

This report summarizes the existing knowledge on three ecosystems: Hudson Bay, Canada, Kaloko- Honokōhau, Hawai‘i, and the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica. Through the construction of ecosystem models representing these three regions, research from numerous aspects of each ecosystem are pieced together to present a holistic story. While we live in a rapidly changing world, it is important to remember there are many regions where we are still gaining an understanding of basic knowledge. Research on these ecosystems, from the Arctic to the tropics to the Antarctic, presents different levels of our knowledge. For the Arctic (Hudson Bay) the focus is identifying changes known to be occurring for certain species, and addressing the reasons for those changes in addition to the greater implications to the rest of the ecosystem. In the tropics (Hawai‘i) the construction of a model allows insight into structure and function of the ecosystem focusing on the role of an endangered species, the green sea turtle, and provides a baseline to assess potential future impacts on the ecosystem from coastal development. In the Antarctic (AntarAntarctic Peninsula) ecosystem, environmental changes are explored as they impact a key link in the food web. While the models presented address localized issues relating to very different regions of the world, the ultimate goal is the same; to increase our understanding of ecosystems as a whole and the different stressors related to each region. With this knowledge, we can formulate better questions for future research, assist in informing managers, and hopefully gain greater insights and understanding of the likely impact of future stressors.

Published
2017
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29. Effects of harvest and climate change on polar marine ecosystems : case studies from the Antarctic Peninsula and Hudson Bay

Author

Hoover, Carie

Abstract

This thesis applies food web modelling to increase our understanding of how the interaction of climate change and exploitation have historically altered, and continue to alter, marine polar ecosystems. Understanding stressors responsible for ecosystem level changes is important not only to the people and industries reliant on the resources, but for managers to make future decisions on resource uses. The first two chapters develop models of Hudson Bay (Arctic) and Antarctic Peninsula (Antarctic) marine ecosystems, focused on re-creating changes in the past 30 years. Both ecosystems have undergone changes due to environmental factors, which are incorporated into the models. While the Hudson Bay model exhibits a shift from benthic to pelagic species, the Antarctic Peninsula model is identified to have more uniform declines across all species, as the main trophic link in the ecosystem, Antarctic krill declines. Model simulations are continued in the next two chapters, whereby future environmental changes are tested in conjunction with multiple exploitation levels. For Hudson Bay, continued harvest of marine mammals at current conditions results in large-scale declines for some species (narwhal, eastern Hudson Bay beluga, polar bears, and walrus), indicating current harvest levels are too high to sustain long term. Further shifts from benthic to pelagic species in the lower trophic levels favor fish species such as capelin and sandlance. Future simulations of the Antarctic Peninsula identify large reductions in ecosystem biomass of all species due changes in environmental conditions and an overall reduction in krill, with minimal ecosystem impacts from harvest. In the last chapter, an economic model is constructed to assess the use value of hunting narwhal and beluga in the Hudson Bay region. The economic impact to northern residents is considered as future model simulations of Hudson Bay reveal that these species may be susceptible to population declines, and issues of food security are becoming increasingly important. Economic analysis reveals the motivation to hunt in Hudson Bay may not be economically-driven, there are substantial benefits derived by northern communities through narwhal and beluga hunts. Results for each ecosystem are discussed as they pertain to future research and management of each ecosystem.

Published
2012
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30. A synthesis of research activities at the Fisheries Centre on eco-system based fisheries modelling and assessment with emphasis on the Northern and Central Coast of BC

Author

Guenette, Sylvie, Christensen, Villy, Hoover, Carie, Lam, Mimi E., Preikshot, David, and Pauly, Daniel

Abstract

DIRECTOR'S FORWARD. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. 1. Introduction. 2 Comprehensive catch as a pre-requisite to ecosystem-based management. 2.1. Problem statement, with emphasis on BC. 2.2. Methods for estimating unreported catches. 2.3. Native fishery and First Nations footprint at European contact. 3. Ecosystem modelling. 3.1. Ecopath with Ecosim. 3.2. Ecosystem delineation. 3.3 Available models of the northeast Pacific. 3.4. Questions that have been addressed. 4. Rebuilding value and Back To The Future approach. 4.1. Local and traditional environmental knowledge. 4.2. Models developed. 4.3. Including long-term climate. 4.4. Fleet dynamics. 4.5. Policy search. 5. Ecosystem status. 6. Socio-economic models. 6.1. Valuations of 'goods and services' from the marine environment. 6.2. Socio-economic models of resource use. 6.3. BC case studies of valuation. 7. Conclusion. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. REFERENCES.

Published
2007
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31. WTO must ban harmful fisheries subsidies

Author

Gert van Santen, John M. Anderies, Donovan Campbell, Tyler D. Eddy, Omu Kakujaha-Matundu, Bryce D. Stewart, Marten Scheffer, Jessica Fanzo, Rowenna Gryba, F. Stuart Chapin, Denis Worlanyo Aheto, Katina Roumbedakis, Ibrahim Issifu, Gordon R. Munro, Shakuntala H. Thilsted, Ibukun Jacob Adewumi, Evgeny A. Pakhomov, Grant Murray, Jason F. Shogren, Unai Pascual, Satoshi Yamazaki, Margaret Spring, Carlos M. Duarte, Kathleen Segerson, U. Rashid Sumaila, Precious Agbeko Dzorgbe Mattah, Kyle Gillespie, Saleem Mustafa, Lan Xiao, Joshua Adotey, Frances Westley, Francis K. E. Nunoo, Frank Asche, Zuzy Anna, Boris Worm, D. R. Fraser Taylor, Diva J. Amon, Roshni S. Mangar, Cassandra M. Brooks, Frederik Noack, Brooks Kaiser, Nathan J. Bennett, William W. L. Cheung, Dwight Owens, S. Kim Juniper, Derek Armitage, Karly McMullen, Dawn Kotowicz, Enric Sala, Paul O. Onyango, Francis E. Asuquo, Kristin M. Kleisner, Monirul Islam, Juliano Palacios Abrantes, Tony Charles, Dana D. Miller, Sarah Harper, Louise S. L. Teh, Juan José Alava, Aurélien Paulmier, Jeremy B. C. Jackson, Santiago de la Puente, Colin W. Clark, Jennifer J. Silver, Robert Blasiak, Colette C. C. Wabnitz, Gretchen C. Daily, Lydia C. L. Teh, John A. List, Alessandro Tavoni, Philippe D. Tortell, Tabitha Mallory, Jaime Mendo, Amadou Tall, Essam Yassin Mohammed, Romola V. Thumbadoo, Kristen Hopewell, Rebecca R. Helm, Mauricio Castrejón, Elena M. Bennett, Jean-Baptiste Thiebot, Jorge Jimenez Ramon, Patrick Kimani, Gerald G. Singh, Kátia Meirelles Felizola Freire, Johannes A. Iitembu, Sara E. Cannon, Jorge Ramírez, Richard S.J. Tol, Evelyn Pinkerton, Andrew Forrest, Juan Camilo Cárdenas Campo, Sadique Isahaku, Dyhia Belhabib, Moenieba Isaacs, Laura G. Elsler, Alessandro Tagliabue, Tom Okey, Tessa Owens, Alex J. Caveen, José-María Da-Rocha, Isigi Kadagi, Hong Yang, Ekow Prah, Glenn-Marie Lange, Mary S. Wisz, Vicky W. L. Lam, Maartje Oostdijk, Daniel Pauly, Torsten Thiele, Michel J. Kaiser, Christina C. Hicks, Nancy C. Doubleday, Nicholas K. Dulvy, Line Gordon, Thomas L. Frölicher, Kwasi Appeaning Addo, Katherine Millage, Alfredo Giron-Nava, Heike K. Lotze, Lincoln Hood, Michelle Tigchelaar, Keita Abe, S. Karuaihe, Nancy Knowlton, Jessica A. Gephart, Noble K. Asare, Werner Antweiler, Christopher D. G. Harley, Kai M. A. Chan, Rodrigue Orobiyi Edéya Pèlèbè, Duncan Burnside, Sarah Glaser, Hussain Sinan, Garry D. Peterson, Olaf P. Jensen, Don Robadue, Mafaniso Hara, Sahir Advani, Andreea L. Cojocaru, Fiorenza Micheli, Gakushi Ishimura, Berchie Asiedu, Tu Nguyen, Mohammed Oyinlola, Lubna Alam, Maria A. Gasalla, Priscila F. M. Lopes, Mary Karumba, Austin J. Gallagher, Sufian Jusoh, Brian R. Copeland, Christopher M. Anderson, Alberta Jonah, Christopher D. Golden, Fabrice Stephenson, Douglas J. McCauley, Isaac Okyere, Jennifer Jacquet, Elke U. Weber, Benjamin S. Halpern, Olanike Kudirat Adeyemo, Neil Adger, Nina Wambiji, Kristina M. Gjerde, A. Eyiwunmi Falaye, Polina Orlov, Umi Muawanah, Trevor Church, Denise Breitburg, J. P. Walsh, Edward H. Allison, Cullen S. Hendrix, Curtis A. Suttle, Thuy Thi Thanh Pham, Cesar Bordehore, Michael Harte, Xavier Basurto, Carol McAusland, Rainer Froese, Adibi R. M. Nor, Anne-Sophie Crépin, Karen C. Seto, Abhipsita Das, Philippe Cury, Masahide Kaeriyama, Peter Freeman, Dacotah-Victoria Splichalova, Nobuyuki Yagi, Natalie C. Ban, Larry B. Crowder, Véronique Garçon, Amanda T. Lombard, Katie R. N. Florko, Nicolás Talloni-Álvarez, Riad Sultan, Lisa A. Levin, Mimi E. Lam, Evans K. Arizi, Richard T. Carson, Megan Bailey, Steven J. Lade, Zahidah Afrin, Dianne Newell, Shanta C. Barley, Colin Barnes, Villy Christensen, Dirk Zeller, Simon A. Levin, Kolliyil Sunil Mohamed, Marta Flotats Aviles, Jonathan D. R. Houghton, Daniel J. Skerritt, Karin E. Limburg, Meaghan Efford, Michael C. Melnychuk, Lanre Badmus, Sebastián Villasante, Carie Hoover, Evan Andrews, Daniel Peñalosa, Allison N. Cutting, Nathan Pacoureau, Melissa Walsh, Wisdom Akpalu, Kafayat Adetoun Fakoya, Ling Cao, Edward B. Barbier, Clare Fitzsimmons, Alex Rogers, Robert Arthur, Daniel Marszalec, Jean-Baptiste Jouffray, Carl Folke, Anna Schuhbauer, Mazlin Mokhtar, Juan Mayorga, Ingrid van Putten, S.L. Akintola, Stephen Polasky, Lance Morgan, Jesper Stage, Lucas Brotz, M. Selçuk Uzmanoğlu, Boris Dewitte, Ahmed Khan, Ernest Obeng Chuku, Veronica Relano, Nicholas Polunin, Griffin Carpenter, Virginie Bornarel, Max Troell, Bárbara Horta e Costa, Lian E. Kwong, Mairin C. M. Deith, Valérie Le Brenne, Dan Laffoley, Hugh Govan, Ronaldo Angelini, Juan Carlos Villaseñor-Derbez, Mark J. Gibbons, Ambre Soszynski, Ola Flaaten, Stella Williams, M. Nicole Chabi, S. R. Carpenter, Prateep Kumar Nayak, David Obura, Scott Barrett, Philippe Le Billon, Patrízia Raggi Abdallah, John J. Bohorquez, Adriana Rosa Carvalho, Andrés M. Cisneros-Montemayor, Paul R. Ehrlich, John Kurien, Juan Carlos Seijo, Dominique Benzaken, Brian Crawford, Callum M. Roberts, Gabriel Reygondeau, Xue Jin, Julia Adelsheim, Mohd Talib Latif, Annie Mejaes, Frank Meere, Jeffrey McLean, Jennifer Dianto Kemmerly, Henrik Österblom, Savior K. S. Deikumah, Tayler M. Clarke, Aart de Zeeuw, Frédéric Le Manach, Maria Grazia Pennino, Quentin A Hanich, David R. Boyd, Sumaila, U Rashid, Skerritt, Daniel J, Schuhbauer, Anna, Villasante, Sebastian, Cisneros-Montemayor, Andrés M, Sinan, Hussain, Burnside, Duncan, Abdallah, Patrízia Raggi, Abe, Keita, Addo, Kwasi A, Adelsheim, Julia, Adewumi, Ibukun J, Adeyemo, Olanike K, Adger, Neil, Adotey, Joshua, Advani, Sahir, Afrin, Zahidah, Aheto, Deni, Akintola, Shehu L, Akpalu, Wisdom, Alam, Lubna, Alava, Juan José, Allison, Edward H, Amon, Diva J, Anderies, John M, Anderson, Christopher M, Andrews, Evan, Angelini, Ronaldo, Anna, Zuzy, Antweiler, Werner, Arizi, Evans K, Armitage, Derek, Arthur, Robert I, Asare, Noble, Asche, Frank, Asiedu, Berchie, Asuquo, Franci, Badmus, Lanre, Bailey, Megan, Ban, Natalie, Barbier, Edward B, Barley, Shanta, Barnes, Colin, Barrett, Scott, Basurto, Xavier, Belhabib, Dyhia, Bennett, Elena, Bennett, Nathan J, Benzaken, Dominique, Blasiak, Robert, Bohorquez, John J, Bordehore, Cesar, Bornarel, Virginie, Boyd, David R, Breitburg, Denise, Brooks, Cassandra, Brotz, Luca, Campbell, Donovan, Cannon, Sara, Cao, Ling, Cardenas Campo, Juan C, Carpenter, Steve, Carpenter, Griffin, Carson, Richard T, Carvalho, Adriana R, Castrejón, Mauricio, Caveen, Alex J, Chabi, M Nicole, Chan, Kai M A, Chapin, F Stuart, Charles, Tony, Cheung, William, Christensen, Villy, Chuku, Ernest O, Church, Trevor, Clark, Colin, Clarke, Tayler M, Cojocaru, Andreea L, Copeland, Brian, Crawford, Brian, Crépin, Anne-Sophie, Crowder, Larry B, Cury, Philippe, Cutting, Allison N, Daily, Gretchen C, Da-Rocha, Jose Maria, Das, Abhipsita, de la Puente, Santiago, de Zeeuw, Aart, Deikumah, Savior K S, Deith, Mairin, Dewitte, Bori, Doubleday, Nancy, Duarte, Carlos M, Dulvy, Nicholas K, Eddy, Tyler, Efford, Meaghan, Ehrlich, Paul R, Elsler, Laura G, Fakoya, Kafayat A, Falaye, A Eyiwunmi, Fanzo, Jessica, Fitzsimmons, Clare, Flaaten, Ola, Florko, Katie R N, Aviles, Marta Flotat, Folke, Carl, Forrest, Andrew, Freeman, Peter, Freire, Kátia M F, Froese, Rainer, Frölicher, Thomas L, Gallagher, Austin, Garcon, Veronique, Gasalla, Maria A, Gephart, Jessica A, Gibbons, Mark, Gillespie, Kyle, Giron-Nava, Alfredo, Gjerde, Kristina, Glaser, Sarah, Golden, Christopher, Gordon, Line, Govan, Hugh, Gryba, Rowenna, Halpern, Benjamin S, Hanich, Quentin, Hara, Mafaniso, Harley, Christopher D G, Harper, Sarah, Harte, Michael, Helm, Rebecca, Hendrix, Cullen, Hicks, Christina C, Hood, Lincoln, Hoover, Carie, Hopewell, Kristen, Horta E Costa, Bárbara B, Houghton, Jonathan D R, Iitembu, Johannes A, Isaacs, Moenieba, Isahaku, Sadique, Ishimura, Gakushi, Islam, Monirul, Issifu, Ibrahim, Jackson, Jeremy, Jacquet, Jennifer, Jensen, Olaf P, Ramon, Jorge Jimenez, Jin, Xue, Jonah, Alberta, Jouffray, Jean-Baptiste, Juniper, S Kim, Jusoh, Sufian, Kadagi, Isigi, Kaeriyama, Masahide, Kaiser, Michel J, Kaiser, Brooks Alexandra, Kakujaha-Matundu, Omu, Karuaihe, Selma T, Karumba, Mary, Kemmerly, Jennifer D, Khan, Ahmed S, Kimani, Patrick, Kleisner, Kristin, Knowlton, Nancy, Kotowicz, Dawn, Kurien, John, Kwong, Lian E, Lade, Steven, Laffoley, Dan, Lam, Mimi E, Lam, Vicky W L, Lange, Glenn-Marie, Latif, Mohd T, Le Billon, Philippe, Le Brenne, Valérie, Le Manach, Frédéric, Levin, Simon A, Levin, Lisa, Limburg, Karin E, List, John, Lombard, Amanda T, Lopes, Priscila F M, Lotze, Heike K, Mallory, Tabitha G, Mangar, Roshni S, Marszalec, Daniel, Mattah, Preciou, Mayorga, Juan, McAusland, Carol, McCauley, Douglas J, McLean, Jeffrey, McMullen, Karly, Meere, Frank, Mejaes, Annie, Melnychuk, Michael, Mendo, Jaime, Micheli, Fiorenza, Millage, Katherine, Miller, Dana, Mohamed, Kolliyil Sunil, Mohammed, Essam, Mokhtar, Mazlin, Morgan, Lance, Muawanah, Umi, Munro, Gordon R, Murray, Grant, Mustafa, Saleem, Nayak, Prateep, Newell, Dianne, Nguyen, Tu, Noack, Frederik, Nor, Adibi M, Nunoo, Francis K E, Obura, David, Okey, Tom, Okyere, Isaac, Onyango, Paul, Oostdijk, Maartje, Orlov, Polina, Österblom, Henrik, Owens, Dwight, Owens, Tessa, Oyinlola, Mohammed, Pacoureau, Nathan, Pakhomov, Evgeny, Abrantes, Juliano Palacio, Pascual, Unai, Paulmier, Aurélien, Pauly, Daniel, Pèlèbè, Rodrigue Orobiyi Edéya, Peñalosa, Daniel, Pennino, Maria G, Peterson, Garry, Pham, Thuy T T, Pinkerton, Evelyn, Polasky, Stephen, Polunin, Nicholas V C, Prah, Ekow, Ramírez, Jorge, Relano, Veronica, Reygondeau, Gabriel, Robadue, Don, Roberts, Callum, Rogers, Alex, Roumbedakis, Katina, Sala, Enric, Scheffer, Marten, Segerson, Kathleen, Seijo, Juan Carlo, Seto, Karen C, Shogren, Jason F, Silver, Jennifer J, Singh, Gerald, Soszynski, Ambre, Splichalova, Dacotah-Victoria, Spring, Margaret, Stage, Jesper, Stephenson, Fabrice, Stewart, Bryce D, Sultan, Riad, Suttle, Curti, Tagliabue, Alessandro, Tall, Amadou, Talloni-Álvarez, Nicolá, Tavoni, Alessandro, Taylor, D R Fraser, Teh, Louise S L, Teh, Lydia C L, Thiebot, Jean-Baptiste, Thiele, Torsten, Thilsted, Shakuntala H, Thumbadoo, Romola V, Tigchelaar, Michelle, Tol, Richard S J, Tortell, Philippe, Troell, Max, Uzmanoğlu, M Selçuk, van Putten, Ingrid, van Santen, Gert, Villaseñor-Derbez, Juan Carlo, Wabnitz, Colette C C, Walsh, Melissa, Walsh, J P, Wambiji, Nina, Weber, Elke U, Westley, France, Williams, Stella, Wisz, Mary S, Worm, Bori, Xiao, Lan, Yagi, Nobuyuki, Yamazaki, Satoshi, Yang, Hong, and Zeller, Dirk

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Multidisciplinary, WIMEK, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Natural resource economics, 530 Physics, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Subsidy, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, 01 natural sciences, WTO, fishery, subsidy, 13. Climate action, 550 Earth sciences & geology, SUBSÍDIOS, Life Science, 14. Life underwater, Business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Sustainably managed wild fisheries support food and nutritional security, livelihoods, and cultures (1). Harmful fisheries subsidies—government payments that incentivize overcapacity and lead to overfishing—undermine these benefits yet are increasing globally (2). World Trade Organization (WTO) members have a unique opportunity at their ministerial meeting in November to reach an agreement that eliminates harmful subsidies (3). We—a group of scientists spanning 46 countries and 6 continents—urge the WTO to make this commitment...

Published
2021

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