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Every year, diverse types of safety accidents cause major damage to human life and property. In particular, failure to suppress safety accidents caused by fires during the early stages can lead to large-scale accidents, which in turn can cause more serious damage than other types of accident. Therefore, this paper presents an analysis of the prevailing research trends and future directions for research on preventing safety accidents due to fire. Since fire outbreaks can occur in many types of places, the study was conducted by selecting the places and causes involved in frequent fires, using fire data from Korea. As half of these fires were found to occur in buildings, this paper presents an analysis of the causes of building fires, and then focuses on three themes: fire prevention based on fire and gas detection; fire prevention in electrical appliances; and fire prevention for next-generation electricity. In the gas detection of the first theme, the gas referred to does not denote a specific gas, but rather to the gas used in each place. After an analysis of research trends for each issue related to fire prevention, future research directions are suggested on the basis of the findings. It is necessary to evaluate the risk, select a detection system, and improve its reliability in order to thoroughly prevent fires in the future. In addition, an active emergency response system should be developed by operating a fire prevention control system, and safety training should be developed after classifying the targets of the training targets appropriately.

Since modeling and simulation are the two most effective tools that can be used in the design or analysis process, they play a vital role in developing such system. In many cases, they are the only possible means of making a safe engineering decision for a new concept of process for a large-scale system. Elsewhere, they are used as a critical element in the analysis of energy systems or to suggest a method of developing a novel and effective energy system model. Thus, in this study, simulations and test bed experiment were carried out to assess a low-power digital excitation system in order to validate its effectiveness. The excitation systems currently used by most of the power stations in the Republic of Korea were installed during the 1970s or 1980s. Unfortunately, it is difficult to seek technical assistance for them as they depend on foreign technologies, requiring a large sum to be paid when requesting one or more engineers to be dispatched. As such, technical updates have always been made by foreign companies, since it is not easy to make modifications to the system without the help of the original system developer. The technology developed in this study was designed to address such problem. The inability to conduct a test for an actual system can be solved by using a power system analysis program to analyze the characteristics of the controller. The study confirmed the system&rsquo, s effectiveness, and the Test Bed was proven to be flexible and adequate for the experiment. The proposed excitation system is expected to increase the stability and economic effect of the system by optimizing existing systems. In the future, the authors plan to focus on student education by establishing an education system that allows students to learn about the digital excitation system and its simulation.

Recently, the energy demand and supply situation in the Republic of Korea (ROK) has been largely affected by the fluctuations in the energy markets around the world. Such a situation has provided a basis for requiring improvements to power plant facilities. The automatic generator voltage control systems in large-scale power plants are adopting a rapid-response static excitation method to improve the transient stability. A domestic commercially developed large-scale triple-redundant excitation system is currently operated by the 1000 MW-class nuclear power plant and its efficiency has been verified at the same site. However, such a system is too costly for smaller power plants so that a reliable and low-cost redundant digital excitation control system was developed and introduced in this study to resolve the cost problem. The system has improved its stability and reliability at the same time through double (redundant) configuration. Additionally, the system&rsquo, s performance was put to the test by conducting a series of control function tests after applying it to the gas turbine used in a thermal power station. This study includes the development of system hardware, simulations as well as on-site experiments and each element was validated as a result. Also, the study discusses and validates the method used for replacing the protective relays at the Kanudi power plant operating in Papua New Guinea. The replacement of 27 and 81 protective relays at the existing power plant was carried out as they did not function properly. New relays were installed after removing the power supply in the existing panel. The individual power output sections of new relays were connected in parallel with the existing properly functioning relays, as previous protective relays had only allowed monitoring without outputting the contents. Thus, the new protective system was designed to enable both existing and new relays to carry out the detection function. It was validated that the replacement was successful. The new system with the new relays is performing properly by protecting its power generator and preventing further accidents.