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Present study was planned to assess dietary supplementation of rumen protected methionine (RPM) peripartum on blood profile and postpartum reproductive outcome in 18 multiparous Murrah buffaloes. Animals were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups of 6 each, and fed diets supplemented with RPM 20 g day-1 (Group 1); 10 g day-1 (Group 2), and standard control diet (Group 3). RPM feeding was introduced from day 30 prepartum till day 60 postpartum. Progesterone, estradiol, IGF-I, and biochemical parameters were estimated starting day 21 prepartum to day 57 postpartum. Size of dominant follicle and corpus luteum were assessed across the treatment days postpartum. Progesterone concentration varied from 0.32±0.06 to 3.85±0.44 ngml-1, 0.41±0.05 to 2.03±0.12 ngml-1, and 0.35±0.08 to 1.82±0.11 ngml-1 in Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Corresponding estradiol levels ranged from 16.00±1.09 to 243.16±4.67 pgml-1, 13.16±0.60 to 228±5.06 pgml-1, and 13.66±0.66 to 218.9±4.36 pgml-1 and IGF-I from 77.83±8.81 to 149.50±4.69 ngml-1, 77.33±2.95 to 128.41±3.85 ngml-1, and 62.66±2.20 to 124.50±5.57 ngml-1 in Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Variations in blood glucose, BUN and creatinine were observed across the days in all the treatment groups. Estrogen to progesterone (E/P) ratio varied (p<0.05) among the treatment groups. Lower values of E/P in Group 1 were depictive of estrogen dominance, whereas higher E/P in Group 3 signified dominance of progesterone. Conception rates in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were 83.33%, 50.00% and 33.33%, respectively. Varying (p<0.05) progesterone and estradiol levels were indicative of positive role of dietary RPM. Dietary RPM improved follicular structures and increased production and reproduction outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present experiment was conducted to study the impact of herbal treatment on post thaw semen quality and fertility in subfertile buffalo bulls. Three Murrah subfertile buffalo bulls maintained at bull station, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, India (Latitude/Longitude, 30.55°N, 75.54° E) with the history of poor semen quality (pre-freeze individual motility < 60%, post-thaw individual motility < 40%, Viability < 70% and Abnormality > 20%) were orally supplemented with herbal mixture (Panax ginseng roots, Shilajit, Withania somnifera roots, Tribulus terrestris fruits, Turnera diffusa leaves, Ptychopetalum olacoides bark of each 400 mg/100 kg body weight and 300 mg/100 kg body weight of Pausinystalia yohimbe bark) daily for 60 days of treatment phase. Two semen ejaculates per week per bull were collected during pre-treatment, treatment and post-treatment phases of 60 days each and extended with Tris egg yolk extender. The freezing of extended semen was carried out in a biofreezer (4°C to -15°C @-30°C/min, -15°C to -140°C @-50°C/min) followed by plunging into liquid nitrogen for storage. Post thaw semen quality was assessed in terms of individual motility, viability, total sperm abnormalities. Present study revealed that the oral treatment of subfertile buffalo bulls with Panax ginseng roots, Shilajit, Withania somnifera roots, Tribulus terrestris fruits, Turnera diffusa leaves; Ptychopetalum olacoides bark each @ 400 mg/100 kg body weight and Pausinystalia yohimbe bark @ 300 mg/100 kg body weight for 60 days improved post thaw semen quality and fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study evaluated the fertility response following Estradoublesynch and progesterone-based Ovsynch protocols in delayed pubertal buffalo heifers. A total of twenty delayed pubertal buffalo heifers were subdivided in two equal subgroups. Group I animals were treated with PGF2a analogue (500 µg cloprostenol sodium) i.m. on day 0, GnRH analogue (20 µg buserelin acetate) on day 2, PGF2a analogue (500 µg cloprostenol sodium) repeated on day 9 and estradiol benzoate 1 mg intramuscular (i.m.) on day 10. Fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) was done at 48 and 60h. Group II animals were subjected to GnRH analogue (20 µg buserelin acetate) i.m. along with CIDR insert intravaginally on day 0, PGF2a analogue (500 µg cloprostenol sodium) i.m. and removal of CIDR on day 7, GnRH analogue on day 9 followed by FTAI at 12 and 24h. Blood collection (plasma P4) and ultrasonography (luteal and follicular dynamics) was performed on day 0, 9, 10, 12 in group I and day 0, 7, 9 and 10 in group II animals. Pregnancy diagnosis was made at 45-60 days post AI. Estrus response was observed in all the buffalo heifers of group I and II. First service conception rate was significantly higher in group I (50%) compared to group II (20%) (P<0.05). Overall pregnancy rate was almost similar in both group I and II (60% vs 70%). In conclusion, estradoublesynch and progesterone-based ovsynch protocol can effectively induce ovulatory estrus and improve pregnancy rates in delayed pubertal buffalo heifers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six normal cycling and fifteen subfertile buffaloes were subjected to transvaginal ultrasound guided aspiration of ≥5 mm size follicles and the follicular fluid was collected on each occasion to estimate the levels of progesterone, estradiol and IGF-1. The follicles were categorized and pooled according to their size as 5 to 6, >6-8 and >8 mm. In normal cycling buffaloes, estradiol and IGF concentration increased (P<0.05) as the follicular size increase whereas the progesterone concentration varied non-significantly among the different size categories of follicles. In subfertile buffaloes, the concentrations of progesterone, estradiol and IGF-1 remained similar among different follicular diameter ranges. However, the concentrations of various hormones in different size categories were significantly (P<0.05) higher in subfertile than that in normal cycling buffaloes. In conclusion, subfertile buffaloes had unchanged concentrations of hormones among different size categories indicating disturbed steroidogenesis and require further investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Marwari mare with history of dystocia since last twelve hours was presented to the gynecology section of teaching veterinary clinics of GADVASU. Per vaginal examination revealed multiple fetal mal-dispositions as the cause of dystocia. After lubrication of birth canal, fetal position was corrected by mutation and the dead fetus was delivered using forced traction. Post-operative treatment was given to the mare. There was an uneventful recovery of the mare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present clinical article reports a rare case of Janiceps Perosomus elumbis fetal monster in a Holstein Friesian (HF) cross bred cattle and its successful per-vaginal delivery using partial fetotomy. A HF crossbred cattle was presented with history of completed gestation period with rupture of water bag 6 h ago and straining with failure of delivery of fetus per-vaginum. The animal was examined at field level and both forelimbs were pulled by the local paravet with retention of head inside the birth canal. Per-vaginal examination revealed fetus in anterior longitudinal presentation, dorso-sacral position with both forelimbs extended in birth canal and two heads. The fetotomy was done for decapitation of both the heads. Then, the fetus was delivered per vaginal by traction. The fetal monster was enumerated as "Janiceps Perosomus elumbis" as the two heads were facing opposite to each other with absence of vertebrae after thoracic region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to assess the response of intravenous administration of hCG on plasma testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and estriol levels in breeding Sahiwal bulls. Six breeding Sahiwal bulls were injected intravenously with 1500 I.U hCG followed by blood sampling at an interval of every 15 minutes for 4 hours. Plasma testosterone, estradiol, DHEA and estriol were estimated and the values were calculated by elaborating the standard curve. It was observed that testosterone level declined within 15 minutes of hCG administration followed by gradual increase until 3h. Fluctuation among the DHEA levels at different time intervals were somewhat near to the basal levels and similar to testosterone. However, non-significant differences were observed in plasma estradiol and estriol following hCG administration. It was concluded that endocrine status of Sahiwal bulls could be assessed between 1.25 to 3 hours of 1500 IU of hCG administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparative study was done to evaluate peripartum Dietary Cation-Anion Difference (DCAD) feeding in buffaloes. Murrah buffaloes (n=25) were randomly divided into three groups: Group 1 (n=10), Group 2 (n=10) and Group 3 (n=5, control). Buffaloes in Group 1 and Group 2 were fed DCAD levels of -100 mEq 100 g-1 of dry matter (DM) starting 30 days prepartum. During the postpartum period and upto 30 days, Group 1 was fed on DCAD levels of +300 mEq 100 g-1 and Group 2 was fed DCAD levels of +400 mEq 100 g-1. Group 3 (control) buffaloes were fed standard diet without any cationic or anionic salts. Blood sampling was carried out on day -7, 0, 20, 26, 32, 38, 45, 52 and 54 of calving. PUN after 26 days postpartum was significantly low (P< 0.05) in buffaloes fed on two different DCAD levels than the control group. In Group 2, CK activity was significantly higher (P< 0.05) as compared to group 1 and group 3 across 38 and 54days postpartum. In Group 3, creatinine was significantly higher (P< 0.05) than group 1 across day 20, 52 and 54 postpartum. Glucose levels in Group 1, 2 and 3 buffaloes ranged from 67.55±2.84 to 99.44±8.00 mgdl-1, 67.00±2.97 to 110.87±8.49 mgdl-1 and 68.00±5.34 to 93.4±10.74 mg dl-1, respectively. Glucose levels were significantly higher (P< 0.05) in Group 3 than group 1 and group 2 across 38, 52 and 54 day postpartum. Total protein concentration in Group 1, 2 and 3 buffaloes ranged from 6.65±0.36 to 9.61±0.33 gdl-1, 6.46±0.32 to 10.06±0.56 gdl-1 and 9.02±0.41 to 10.06±0.46 gdl-1, respectively. Total protein levels were significantly high (P< 0.05) in Group 1 and 3 as compared to group 2 across 7days prepartum. On day 54 postpartum, total protein concentration were significantly high (P< 0.05) in Group 3 as compared to Group 1 and 2. It was concluded that creatinie kinase activity increased and plasma urea nitrogen decreased with the feeding of high cationic diets. Total protein levels were lower in low cationic fed buffaloes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]