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Mid-infrared detection technology is widely used in military and civilian applications with its unique advantages. The filter is the core component of the mid-infrared detection system, realizing controllable modulation of its dual-band transmission peak is an important prerequisite for optimizing detector performance. In this paper, a cross-shaped microcavity structure metamaterial based on gold material is designed to achieve mid-infrared dual-band transmission. By changing the width of the microcavity and the width of the gap, the controllable modulation of the dual-band transmission peaks is achieved, corresponding to the dual-band ranges of 3.23 ~ 3.46 µm and 4.06 ~ 4.60 µm. The maximum transmission of the resonant transmission peaks λI and λII can reach 94.5% and 92.6%, respectively. The corresponding FOM is up to 17.70. This study provides a theoretical basis for the preparation of dual-band transmission filters in the mid-infrared band.

The image information of distant objects shows a diffuse speckle pattern due to diffraction limit, non-uniform scattering, etc., which is difficult to achieve object discrimination. In this study, we have developed a staring spectral video imaging system mounted on a ground-based telescope observation platform to detect the high orbit space objects and gain their spectral images for six groups of GEO targets. The speckle remains basically the same characteristic as the projection structure of the object due to “the balloon inflation phenomenon of near parallel light during long-distance atmospheric transmission” under the premise of considering the bi-directional reflection distribution function (BRDF), Rayleigh scattering theory, and the memory effect. Based on this phenomenon, a mathematical model of remote target scattering spectrum imaging is established where the speckle can be treated as both a global speckle and speckle combination of texture blocks caused by various components of the target. The radial basis function (RBF) neural network is separately used to invert the global speckle and the speckle combination of the texture blocks on account of the typical target material database. The results show that the target materials are of relatively fewer kinds in the global inversion with only including gallium arsenide panel (GaAs) and carbon fiber (CF), for which the highest goodness of curve fitting is only 77.97. An improved algorithm makes their goodness of fit reach 90.29 and 93.33, respectively, in view of one conjecture that the target surface contains unknown materials. The spectral inversion result of the texture blocks shows that the types of materials in each target texture block increase significantly, and that the area ratio of different materials inverted in the block is different from each other. It is further confirmed that the speckle image contains the overall projection structure of distant target and the spectral image projection of each component is relatively fixed, which is the result of the comprehensive action of various mechanisms of ultra-long-haul atmospheric transmission and optical system focusing imaging after BRDF spectral scattering. The spectral image fine inversion is expected to restore the clear structure of the target. This discovery provides important support for the remote imaging and identification of distant and ultra-diffractive targets.

In this work, a pulsed 1064 nm laser was used as pump source, high pressure CO2 gas was used as Raman medium, and a spectrum up to 12 anti-Stokes and 2 Stokes collimated vibrational Raman lasers was obtained. When higher pumping energy and high resolution spectrometer were applied, a rotational resolved spectrum of collimated CO2 Raman laser was achieved. By the Boltzmann population distribution and Raman gain coefficient analysis, mechanism of stimulated pure rotational Raman scattering was eliminated, and stimulated S-branch vibrational Raman scattering process was identified; by multiple four-wave-maxing (FWM) processes, a spectrum with multiple rotational Raman structure was achieved. Raman gain of Stimulated S-branch vibrational Raman scattering covered a range of more than ten wavenumbers, and was estimated about 5.5 times smaller than that of Stimulated Q-branch vibrational Raman scattering.

In this study, we analyzed the properties of entanglement in the ground state of an [Formula: see text]-qubit cluster. For the first time, we discussed the previously overlooked relation between spin squeezing and concurrence for a multi-qubit system, and critically explained the special value of parameter [Formula: see text] at which the concurrence becomes 0. Additionally, this work also elaborates on the relation between decay probability and concurrence for the multiple numbers of qubits. Results showed that when the number of qubits is high, the decay is sharp as compared to the small number of qubits, which indicates that entanglement dies faster at a higher number of qubits.

In this work, we have proposed a scattering spectra-based method for inverting the surface materials and material proportions of space objects (SOs) from long distances. The results of this work shall improve efforts to characterize and predict the orbits of space debris. We first constructed a physical model for SO characterization based on scattering spectra and then provided a least-squares solution with minimum-norm (LSMN) algorithm for inverting the surface materials and material proportions of an SO. The optical reflectance of complex material surfaces was characterized using a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF)-based multimodal fusion model that uses the characteristics of the light source, the reflectance of the target’s surface materials, and structures, and the angle of incidence and reflection. The area of each material in the BRDF was then treated as the to-be-inverted parameter. The proposed method was then experimentally validated using four sets of materials. The materials and proportions of equiproportional and non-equiproportional combinations of materials were inverted by the proposed method, and the average inversion error was less than 10%. According to the relationship curve be-tween experimental data error and inversion error, and between theoretical error and inversion error, it can be concluded that the accuracy of inversion error has a linear relationship with the measurement data error. In summary, we have provided a new technical approach for the inversion and characterization of SO materials and material proportions from long distances.

In this study, a two-dimensional model describing thermal stress on a charge-coupled device (CCD) induced by ms laser pulses was examined. Considering the nonlinearity of the CCD’s material parameters and the melting phase transition process of aluminum electrode materials was considered by using equivalent specific heat capacity method, the physical process where a laser pulse irradiating a CCD pixel array was simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The temperature field and thermal stress field were calculated and analyzed. In order to clarify the mechanism producing damage on the CCD detector, Raman spectra from silicon were measured with a micro-Raman spectrometer to determine stress change in the CCD chip. The procedure presented herein illustrates a method for evaluating strain in a CCD after laser irradiation.

A ∼ 2 . 1 - µ m laser is within an atmospheric transmission window and can be used in remote sensing. In this work, a 1064-nm laser was used as the pump source, pressurized hydrogen was used as the Raman active medium, and a dual-wavelength ∼ 2 . 1 - µ m Raman laser was generated. The 2147-nm laser was generated by a combination processes of stimulated vibrational Raman scattering and stimulated rotational Raman scattering, while a 2132-nm laser was generated by stimulated S-branch vibrational Raman scattering. Optimizing experimental conditions yielded a maximum pulse energy of 76.1 mJ, a peak power of ∼ 9.2 M W , and a photon conversion efficiency of 29.8%.

Raman and absorption features all-trans-β-carotene (β-Car) liquefied in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) of 10−6 concentration at temperature range from 333K to 263K are recorded. The usage of density functional theory (DFT) calculations could meticulously anticipate the molecular vibration mechanism. The calculation of CC bond length alternation (BLA) and graphic illustration of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of β-Car can help decipher the vibration mechanism during phase transition. The Raman scattering cross section (RSCS) of the CC single and double bonds roughly increases when temperature decreases during pure liquid- solid phase condition due to extended effective conjugation length (ECL). The RSCS sharply drops during the phase transition because the β rings are very likely rotated from 0° to 90°. Electronic transition energy (0-0) of absorption spectra declining lead to the amplified resonance effect. This research is counted upon to be valuable by using DFT calculations to investigate the influence of phase transition on resonance Raman character of β-Car.

Frequency conversion imaging technology can provide an effective way for infrared detection against the limitations of conventional infrared detectors, such as expense and cooling requirements, but the converted luminescence intensity of frequency conversion materials limits the application of this technology. In this paper, a cascade material (CM) fusion method is proposed to improve the conversion luminous intensity and thus enhance the frequency conversion imaging effect at 1550 nm near infrared (NIR) excitation. First, we derived from the energy level transition mechanism of CM that the CM fusion method can achieve three excitations of substrate materials (SMs). It can improve the conversion luminescence intensity of SM in CM. Then, we experimentally prepared CM and SM films and simultaneously measured the frequency conversion imaging effect of the two films at 1550 nm NIR excitation. It was found that the weight ratio of doped material (DM) to SM affects the imaging enhancement of CM films. Therefore, we compared the imaging grayscale value intensity of CM films with different weight ratios under the same detection conditions. Finally, it was concluded that the best enhancement of frequency conversion imaging was achieved with a DM to SM weight ratio of 0.25 for this mechanism. The enhancement was about 3.11 times compared to SM films.

Nonlinear crystal frequency conversion imaging with direct detection by silicon-based detectors is an effective way to break through the limitations for existing near-infrared (NIR) detectors with expensive cost and high noise. In this paper, a broadband NIR detector imaging scheme based on the principle of nonlinear crystal frequency conversion (NCFCP) was proposed. A thin film of nonlinear crystal frequency conversion material (NCFCM) combined with a silicon-based detector was used to form a broadband NIR detector. The theoretically investigated energy transfer function was used as a guidance for experiment. Meanwhile, the relationship between the imaging effect and the energy transfer of the NCFCP-based compact broadband NIR detector in the NIR band was measured experimentally. The accuracy of the theoretical study had been verified by the measured transfer results.

Faster recovery and fewer scars are ideal wound healing. We have demonstrated that the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonist Gp1a is beneficial to skin wound healing, which inhibits inflammation and fibrogenesis while promoting re-epithelialization. However, the systemic administration is imprecise and overqualified for a local skin wound. Herein, we prepared Gp1a-gel using triglycerol monostearate (Tm) hydrogel and detected whether the Gp1a-gel worked effectively on mouse skin excision wounds. The results showed that Gp1a-gel might sustainably increase the CB2 for at least 8 days. It decreased inflammation and fibrogenesis while promoting wound enclosure and re-epithelialization. These results suggested Gp1a-gel may utilize as a potential formulation strategy to treat the skin wound.

A large number of space activities are generating a high amount of undesirable space debris, which causes inevitable damage to spacecraft and satellites. Moreover, the damage assessment of ultrahigh-speed debris is a challenging task that requires both theoretical and ground-level experimental simulations. One should note that the location and damage degree can be preliminarily determined by measuring the impact flash spectrum, which provides basic data for damage assessment. Herein, the radiation spectrum of an ultrahigh-speed collision between plastic projectile and aluminum target is measured by using spectroscopic technology. The surface temperature of the colliding material, electron temperature, and electron density in the plasma are simultaneously retrieved by using a single-frame spectrum. The single-frame spectrum is separated into a continuous spectrum and a line spectrum by using continuous thermal radiation spectrum inversion material interface temperature and line spectrum inversion electron temperature and electron density in the plasma.

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jba-10.1177_08853282211012870 for An enzyme-responsive Gp1a-hydrogel for skin wound healing by Chunming Zhao, Yangyi Dong, Jialin Liu, Hongxing Cai, Zhouru Li, Xiaoming Sun, Wenjiang Yin, Jingyuan Ma, Hongmei Liu and Shanshan Li in Journal of Biomaterials Applications

Ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure is a core factor that leads to skin disease or carcinogenesis through the insufficient repair of DNA lesions. UVB-induced DNA lesions are mainly removed by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) mechanism. The expression of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is altered in the skin upon UVB exposure, indicating its possible implication in UVB-induced DNA lesions repair. Here, we investigated the role of HDAC4 in the NER removal of the main classes of UVB-induced DNA lesions consisting of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PPs). We found that UVB irradiation increased HDAC4 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. HDAC4 interacted with NER factor XPC, which played an important role in effectively removing the UVB-induced DNA lesions. This study provides an understanding of the HDAC4 function in DNA repair, which will allow the development of efficient strategies to protect the skin from UVR-induced diseases.

Accurate measurement of temperature and distance is essential for applications in multiple fields such as air defense, antimissile systems, laser damage, and infrared remote sensing. However, ranging currently relies on either laser or infrared radiation characteristics, neither of which fully utilize the substantial information contained in the spectrum. In this study, we realized the simultaneous inversion of target radiant temperature and distance via spectrum separation based on the distance information from the atmospheric spectrum as well as the temperature information from multispectral radiation thermometry (MRT), by measuring the thermal radiation spectrum of distant high-temperature objects. The study initially involved conducting a theoretical analysis of long-distance MRT in the atmosphere by utilizing the least squares and Newton’s iteration methods. Once the thermal radiation spectrum and the long-distance atmospheric spectral transmittance were acquired from nonlinear models, highly precise and accurate radiant temperature and distance information was derived via simultaneous inversion. Subsequently, experimental verifications were performed to measure an explosion spectrum at a temperature of approximately 2000 K and a distance of 9 km. The spectral band was 400–900 nm, and the temperature and distance of the explosion calculated by the inversion was 2004.4 K and 9.9 km, respectively. The inversion distance error was 10%, indicating that the simultaneous inversion of radiant temperature and distance was successful and that the proposed method was effective. The method proposed in this study can be applied to the measurement of radiant temperature and distance of long-distance objects.

Objective(s): Myocarditis is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration in myocardial stroma. Attenuation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β is a reliable mark for improving the prognosis. Protein kinase B (Akt) plays an important role in the development and progression of myocarditis. The specific role of the natural inhibitor of Akt, Deguelin, on myocarditis has not been reported. In this study, we used deguelin to investigate the effects of natural Akt inhibitor on myocarditis in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) rats.Materials and Methods: EAM rat models were made by using Lewis rats and Deguelin was injected intraperitoneally on day 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 after successful modeling. On day 18, rats were sacrificed and the heart weight (HW)/ body weight (BW) ratio were measured. The pathological changes, pathological scores and fibrosis area were evaluated after H.&E. and Masson’s trichrome staining. The mRNA levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were measured by RT-qPCR, while the protein expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western bolt. The protein expressions of Akt, Akt1, phosphorylated (p-) Akt and nuclear factor (NF)-κB were detected by Western bolt.Results: We found that the TNF-α and IL-1β levels, inflammatory scores and fibrosis areas were markedly increased after 18 days deguelin administration. Conclusion: Akt inhibition with deguelin may aggravate myocarditis of EAM rats.

Silicon nitride ceramics were irradiated by a solid-state Nd3+: YAG pulsed laser with an output wavelength of 1064nm. The plasma characteristic spectral lines were obtained by changing the laser energy. According to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard atomic spectroscopy database, the spectral lines were identified. The full width at half maximum parameters of Si I 252.27nm and Si I 288.60nm neutral atom characteristic lines of the spectral lines were obtained by Lorenz and Gauss fitting, respectively. Using the Stark broadening method to calculate the electron density, it was found that as the laser energy increases, the electron density gradually decreases. When the laser energy was increased to 156mJ and reached the minimum value, the electron density began to increase as the laser energy continued to increase. The reason for conducting the analysis is that as the plasma shielding effect increases with the increase of laser energy, the plasma absorbs the laser energy by reverse bremsstrahlung and resonance absorption mechanism. The decrease in energy irradiated onto the target, which excites the amount of plasma to reduce the plasma density. When the laser energy is raised to 156mJ, the energy irradiated to the target and the energy of the plasma shield are dynamically balanced. At this point in time, the electron density reaches a minimum, and the electron density increases with increasing laser energy.

Using two focused 1064 nm pump beams with an intensity ratio 3:1 and a small crossing angle θ ≈ 3.1 ∘ , two-photon pumped (2PP) tristable lasing behavior has been observed in a dye (AMSPT) solution in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). When each pump beam is incident alone, the measured pump energy threshold for 2PP lasing is ∼ 3.8 m J . However, when the two pump beams are incident together, the energy of the strong pump beam varies from 4 to 10 mJ and the energy of the weak pump beam varies from 1.3 to 3.3 mJ. We then observe two simultaneous output lasing beams. However, when the strong pump beam is blocked, the weak pump beam is unable to create its own lasing output. This observed dual-beam lasing behavior can be well explained by a physical model of energy transfer between these two pump beams via the reflection of an induced Bragg grating. This observed dual-beam and tristable lasing behavior may be useful for future applications in an optical logical circuit or an optical computing system.

The spectral super-broadening of backward stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in four liquid samples ( C C l 4 , dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, and C H 2 C l 2 ) have been observed under the pump conditions of using 532-nm and ∼ 11 - n s pulsed laser beams from a frequency-doubled and multilongitudinal mode Pockels Q-switched Nd:YAG laser device. Under the same pump conditions, in acetone the observed maximum broadening range was ≥ 450 c m − 1 for the backward SRS, while it was ≤ 45 c m − 1 for the forward SRS. The physical origin of this observed effect is essentially related to the detailed temporal structure of the 532-nm pump pulse that consists of a series of subpulse of ∼ 50 p s width, owing to the randomly beating effect among a large number of longitudinal modes of the Pockels Q-switched laser source. Each backward SRS subpulse undergoes multiple cross-phase modulation (XPM) by interacting with a certain number of forward pump subpulses, and consequently manifests a super-broadened spectral distribution. In contrast, each forward SRS subpulse interacts only with a single pump subpulse and therefore experiences a much limited XPM influence, resulting in a much smaller spectral broadening. Furthermore, when the 532-nm pump beam was from a single-longitudinal mode-seeded Nd:YAG laser, there was no beating-effect-induced subpulse structure of the pump pulse, and thereby no noticeable spectral broadening for both backward and forward SRS could be observed.

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in compressed D 2 gas pumped with nanosecond laser radiation at 1064 nm in a multi-pass configuration has been studied. The influence of D 2 pressure and pass number on Raman thresholds and the conversion efficiencies for the first Stokes ( S1 ) and second Stokes ( S2 ) components has been investigated. It is shown that multi-pass configuration is very efficient for the substantial reducing of SRS thresholds for both S1 and S2 components and increasing their conversion efficiencies. In our work, the S1 threshold is approximately one order of magnitude lower than that reported in previous studies; the S1 conversion efficiency reached (56.1±4.4)% at pump energy of 33 mJ. The lowest S2 threshold in the experiment is 15 mJ (with a peak power of 3 MW), and the S2 conversion efficiency reaches (32.9±3.8)%.

In this paper, the radiation spectra of quartz composite ceramic thermal protective materials in a pneumatic environment were measured in a plasma arc wind tunnel experiment. Spectral emissivities and material temperature at varying airflow speeds were calculated based on the algorithm of slow variation properties of emissivity. The inversion results show that the spectral emissivity reaches its maximum at a maximum airflow velocity of Mach 10. Emissivity uncertainty caused by the spectral measurement was analyzed. Relative error was determined by comparing real and calculated emissivities from Standard blackbody radiation spectrums at 2298 K in the wavelength range of 420–900 nm and 1573 K for 1200–2400 nm. Results obtained by the algorithm of slow variation properties for emissivity show that the maximum relative error in 420–900 nm is 3.3% and the average relative error is 2.7%; the maximum relative error for 1400–2400 nm is 4.1% and the average relative error is 2.1%. This provides a new method for the study of material emissivity under hypersonic flow collision aerodynamic heating conditions.

The chicken and skin were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. The three-dimensional fluorescence spectra of chicken and skin were measured, It was concluded that the optimal excitation wavelength corresponding to the fluorescence peak of 330 nm in chicken was 270 nm, and that of 475 nm and 520 nm was 370 nm. The optimal excitation wavelength corresponding to the 475 nm fluorescence peak of chicken skin was 370 nm. The fluorescence spectra of chicken skin and chicken excited by the wavelength of 370 nm were analyzed. The fluorescence peak came from myoglobin at 555 nm at the beginning of roasting, and the contribution of fluorescence peak came from oxygenated myoglobin at 540 nm and 580 nm as the baking time increased. When the baking time was more than 12 min, the fluorescence intensity of oxygenated myoglobin at 580 nm was close to zero. At this point, a considerable part of myoglobin had been converted into ferric myoglobin, while Fe3+ in ferric myoglobin could not be absorbed by human body. At this point, the skin of chicken was no longer suitable for large amounts of consumption, while the relative performance of chicken was not obvious.

The Raman spectra of all-trans-β-carotene (β-Car) liquefied in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with the decrease of temperature from 333 K to 263 K were recorded with the aim to reveal the molecular structure properties during phase transition. The CC stretching mode of β-Car shows red shift during liquid and solid phase, while blue shift during the liquid-solid phase transition. The 1425 cm−1 Raman band of DMSO shows the inverse characters for β-Car. Raman shift and intensity in coalescence caused by phase transition are studied by means of density functional theory and the molecular vibration mechanism is found out. The calculated Raman spectra of β-Car and DMSO accurately assign the vibrational modes. The potential energy was calculated to investigate the effect of β-ring rotation on Raman shift during phase transition. The latent 1452 cm−1 Raman band of β-Car crops up when temperature drops to the transformation point of 288 K and the 1425 cm−1 Raman band of DMSO split into two peaks at 1417 cm−1 and 1427 cm−1 after phase transition. Phase transition inducing individual methyl groups vibrations helps to interpret the dwindling intensity of 1425 cm−1 Raman peak of DMSO and the increase of 1452 cm−1 Raman peak of β-Car. A visualisation of nuclear motions is illustrated for better understanding the characteristics of vibronic variations of β-Car molecule in critical phenomena. The implication of these analyses is expected to be helpful for the understanding of the effect of phase transition on biomolecules in solution.

Background Recently, esophageal cancer has become more common in China. To find a molecular biomarker will provide a handy way to improve precancerous diagnosis and evaluate the state of lymph node metastasis, improving prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the expression level of hsa-miR-6743-5p in 25 esophageal tissues and to estimate the correlation between clinicopathological features of esophageal squamous cell cancer with miR-6743-5p expression. Methods Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to examine the expression level of miR-6743-5p in 25 pairs of esophageal cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. The correlation between miR-6743-5p level and clinical characteristics was determined. Results The examined esophageal squamous cell cancer tissues exhibited no statistical difference on miR-6743-5p expression compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissues. miR-6743-5p was positively associated with lymph node metastasis. Downregulation of miR-6743-5p was found in the patients with lymph node metastasis while upregulation of miR-6743-5p was found in those without lymph node metastasis. Conclusions Our study suggests that the expression of miR-6743-5p is different in different lymph node metastasis statuses. miR-6743-5p expression is downregulated in patients with lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer.

Metastasis-associsated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1), a newly identified oncogene, promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion. In the present study, the expression of MACC1, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor, MET proto-oncogene (c-Met), was investigated in human gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. The association between the expression levels of the proteins and the clinicopathological parameters of the tumors were statistically analyzed. Furthermore, lentiviral particles expressing MACC1 were used to infect the hepatic satellite cell (HSC) line LX2. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), HGF, matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in human HSCs was examined by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Transwell assays were used to measure the effect of MACC1-infected or non-infected HSCs on the migration and invasion abilities of MKN45 and MKN74 gastric carcinoma cells in vitro. The results demonstrated that positive protein expression of MACC1, HGF and c-Met was significantly higher in human gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Positive expression of MACC1 and c-Met in gastric cancer tissues had no correlation with the sex, age, tumor location and peritoneal metastasis of patients, but was significantly correlated with tumor size, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, histological differentiation, and overall (5 years) and disease-free survival (5 years). Positive expression of each MACC1, HGF and c-Met protein was demonstrated to be positively correlated with each other in human gastric cancer tissues. Western blotting results confirmed that MACC1 protein was overexpressed in MACC1-overexpressing lentivirus-infected HSCs. Overexpression of MACC1 significantly increased HGF, MMP-2, MMP-9 and α-SMA expression levels in HSCs. Results from the Transwell assays indicated an increase in the number of MKN45 or MKN74 cells migrating towards MACC1-overexpressing HSCs, compared with control HSCs. These findings suggested that MACC1 may regulate the expression of HGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in HSCs, and may thus promote migration and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells. MACC1, HGF and c-Met might cooperatively participate in the malignant progression of gastric cancer. In conclusion, MACC1 might serve as a useful molecular target for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer.

The electronic and photophysical properties of a series of substituted N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) platinum(II) complexes have been investigated by using the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) methods. The lowest-lying singlet absorptions for complexes 2–5 are attributed to the configurations of HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) to LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital). The emission energies for these complexes are obviously red-shifted in contrast to that of 1. For 3 and 4, the emission energies are nearly the same, consistent with their same energy gaps between of LUMO and HOMO. In addition, ionization potential (IP), electron affinities (EA) and reorganization energy (λ) also were obtained to evaluate the charge transfer and balance properties between hole and electron. From the calculated results, it can be seen that the complex 3 possesses possibly the largest kr value among these complexes due to the lowest Δ E S 1 − T 1 , larger 3MLCT contribution, and higher μ S 1 ⁡ value. It is anticipated that this study could provide useful information for the synthesis of efficient platinum(II) phosphors in OLEDs.

SRS (Stimulated Raman Scattering) is a very effective method to expand the spectrum range of high power laser, especially in the regime of near IR and middle IR. In this paper SRS of high pressure H 2 and D 2 with MPC (multiple-pass cell) configuration were reported. Relation of (FS1) first forward Stokes and (BS1) first backward Stokes has been analysis. The process of gain of FS1 was explained. Experimental results also indicated the second Stokes was also generated. D 2 SRS of the fundamental output of Nd:YAG laser generates the second Stokes light of 2.92 m. The lasers with wavelength of 2.9 μm have broad applications. Finally, multiple-pass SRS was better for complete conversion of pump laser.